English Grammar I (Pamphlet)

►►► Simple Present Tense
Exercise 1: Complete the following table.
positive sentence negative sentence yes / no? wh?

1 Her diet consists of
five small meals.
2 We have mathematics
every other day.
3 I study at the library.
4 They do their
homework as a group.
5 Janet works as a
receptionist.
6 Michael does karate at
the gym down the
street.
7 They know the
historical sites here
very well.
8 Tim has a cup of
coffee every morning.
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►►► Present Continuous Tense

1 Scientists are trying to
find a cure for cancer.
2 I’m currently looking
for a well-paid job.
3 My brother is doing
his military service in
another city.
Exercise 2: Choose the correct items.
1. My mom usually does the shopping on Friday / Fridays.
2. Tom always smacks / is always smacking on his gum and that really irks me.
3. My son’s coach believes that his basketball playing is improving day after day / every day.
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4. My colleague is usually / usually is late to work because he always forgets / forgets always to set his
alarm clock.
5. It’s really annoying that my boss is never / seldom listening to the employees’ problems.
Exercise 3: Translate the following statements into English.
.‫ ﺁﺏ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺮ ﻣﻴﮑﻨﺪ‬،‫ ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺭﺩ‬،‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻬﺎی ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬
.‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺑﺰﺭﮔﻢ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﻏﻴﺒﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻓﺎﻣﻴﻠﻪ‬
.‫ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‬٧٠ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﯽ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎی‬
.‫ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺭﻭﺯﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﭘﺮﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﺮ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬
‫ﭼﺮﺍ ﺑﻌﻀﯽ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﻣﺴﺨﺮﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ؟‬
Exercise 4: Choose the correct answers.
1. A: “What ------------------------------?” B: “He’s an engineer.”
a) does your father doing b) is your father doing
c) does your father do d) is your father do
2. A: “Why ------------------------------ sunglasses?” B: “Because it’s sunny.”
a) are you wearing b) do you wear c) you are wearing d) you wear
3. How often --------------- to the cinema?
a) are you going b) are you go c) do you going d) do you go
4. Jane --------------- excited about watching action movies.
a) doesn’t b) hasn’t c) isn’t d) not
5. I --------------- reading novels, but actually I --------------- this one. It’s so cool.
a) don’t usually enjoy / enjoy b) usually don’t enjoy / enjoy
c) don’t usually enjoy / am enjoying d) usually don’t enjoy / am enjoying
6. A: “Does Jeff have any brothers or sisters?” B: “No, he ---------------.”
a) doesn’t b) hasn’t c) haven’t d) isn’t
7. It doesn’t usually --------------- here in summer.
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a) raining b) rains c) rain d) rainy
8. It isn’t usually --------------- here in summer.
a) raining b) rains c) rain d) rainy
9. A: “Where is John?” B: “He’s in the bathroom. He --------------- a shower.”
a) does b) has c) having d) is having
10. Right now, my husband --------------- relaxing and watching a movie to anything else.
a) is preferring b) prefer c) preferring d) prefers
Exercise 5: In each of the following statements, one part is grammatically incorrect. Find it and correct
it.
1. He says always very little when there are strangers present.
2. His manager is never angry at him even when he is late.
3. They sing and dancing because their uncle has come to visit after fifteen years.
4. George is writing a new paper on the history of African art. However, I’m not suppose he’ll finish it
soon.
5. Every one of us have to work hard in order to earn enough money.
6. The woman who looks after those children are originally from Mexico.
7. In English language, we form the plural of most nouns by adding “s” to there singular forms.
8. Does your mother use oil or butter when she want to fry stuff?
9. Joe is being ridiculous. I don’t know why he is insisting on those foolish opinion.
10. Jane as well as Martha is trying to find the best solution in order to surprise Professor Hamilton.
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►►► Simple Past Tense

1 The journey to our
hometown took us
fourteen hours.
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2 This jacket cost only
35 dollars.
3 This village had 250
residents.
4 The burglars stole the
jewelry in the safe.
5 Fred did his job pretty
well.
1. How --------------- you learn to drive? --------------- it easy?
a) are / Is b) did / Is c) are / Was d) did / Was
2. I was so dizzy today; I --------------- anything in class.
a) didn’t understand b) didn’t understood
c) wasn’t understand d) wasn’t understood
3. Sue --------------- nothing at the party last night because she --------------- hungry at all.
a) ate / isn’t b) ate / wasn’t c) didn’t eat / isn’t d) didn’t eat / wasn’t
4. Anne --------------- play tennis this morning because she --------------- in the mood.
a) didn’t / didn’t b) wasn’t / didn’t c) didn’t / wasn’t d) wasn’t / wasn’t
5. A: “-------------------------------” B: “No, he didn’t. He taught math.”
a) Did your uncle teach math? b) What did your uncle teach?
c) Did your uncle teach biology? d) What did your uncle do?
it.
1. Queen Victoria, who passed away in 1901, was so powerful and brings peace and fortune to her
nation.
2. There was so much rain that the river flew over the bridge.
3. My father knows George very well because they are introduced at a wedding in September.
4. When Jack was a small boy, he usually didn’t cry for anything.
5. When Jane had only six years old, she could speak Korean fluently.
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►►► Past Continuous Tense

1 My dad and I were
mowing the lawn on
the weekend.
2 I was surfing the web
last night.
3 Jerry was having lots
of fun at the game
club.
4 Shawn was doing the
washing-up at 9 last
night.
5 Tom was studying
geology on the
weekend.
1. When / While I walked past the house, some men were repainting it.
2. My mother told me not to come into the kitchen as she was washing / washed the floor.
3. The farmers still were working / were still working at seven o’clock last night.
4. He found a job as / as soon as he left school.
5. We were eating our breakfast yesterday morning when we suddenly heard / were hearing a loud
bang.
.‫ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻡ ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﮕﺸﺘﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﻢ ﺷﮑﺴﺖ‬،‫ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻢ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺭک ﻣﻴﺪﻭﻳﺪﻡ‬
.‫ ﭼﺮﺍﻍ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﮐﺮﺩ‬،‫ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺷﺪ‬
.‫ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻨﻴﺪﻡ‬،‫ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻢ ﺗﮑﺎﻟﻴﻔﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﺩﻡ‬
.‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﺪﻳﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺩﺭﻭﻍ ﻣﻴﮕﻔﺖ‬
.‫ ﻁﺮﻓﺪﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﮑﻨﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬،‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺾ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ‬
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1. As soon as he came in, she --------------- the room.
a) was leaving b) is leaving c) left d) leaves
2. As soon as he comes in, she --------------- the room.
a) was leaving b) is leaving c) left d) leaves
3. While you --------------- at the gym all morning, I --------------- like a slave at home.
a) exercised / worked b) were exercising / was working
c) were exercising / worked d) exercised / was working
4. The gardener --------------- a tree --------------- I last saw him.
a) cut / when b) cut / while c) was cutting / when d) was cutting / while
5. Look at Bill! What --------------- under that table?
a) did he do b) does he do c) is he doing d) was he doing
it.
1. Orville Wright was flying an airplane for the first time in 1903.
2. Mary lost her pen last night; that’s why she uses mine.
3. The horse only bit him once on the leg, but he had to went to the doctor immediately.
4. Canada had a population of about twenty million person in 1964.
5. He was telling a lie and trying to escape the situation, but he couldn’t managed to do it.
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►►► Future Tense with Be Going to and Future Tense with Will
Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences using either be going to or present continuous tense.
1. Alex is getting married next month.
2. We’re not going to meet her at the station.
3. I’m not going to the cinema with my friends this evening.
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4. I’m going to clean the house tomorrow morning.

1 Jonathan is going to
fly to Berlin on June
3rd.
2 I’m going to register
for the Spanish course.
3 The workers are going
to go on a strike.
4 Tina will pick up
some apples at the
supermarket.
5 This headache will
last for long.
1. I --------------- a room at the Plaza Hotel tomorrow.
a) am going to book b) will go to book c) will booking d) both a and b
2. Sugar --------------- in hot water.
a) will always dissolve b) is always dissolving
c) always dissolves d) is always going to dissolve
3. Wish me luck! I --------------- my final examination next week.
a) take b) am taking c) taking d) will take
4. You expect something to happen when a cat --------------- a mouse.
a) is seeing b) see c) sees d) will see
5. I --------------- you know the result of the next meeting as soon as it is announced.
a) was letting b) let c) am going to let d) will let
it.
1. I’m sorry about this noise you can hear. My daughter is going to practice for a concert.
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2. This year, we’re visiting our relatives, but next year we will spend our holiday at home.
3. Was she lose her purse when she was on the bus?
4. I promise that I will get to work on time every mornings in future.
5. I’m going riding this afternoon. Are you ever ride?
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►►► Future Continuous Tense
Exercise 1: Contrast the meanings.
1. George will study chemistry at 8:00 tonight. / George will be studying chemistry at 8:00 tonight.
2. I’m going to learn Spanish soon. / I’ll be learning Spanish in March.
3. We’re moving to our new apartment next week. / We will be moving to our new apartment on
Saturday morning.
Exercise 2: Complete the table.
positive sentence negative sentence yes / no ? wh ?

1 I will be exercising at
the gym at this time
tomorrow.
2 Volunteers will be
cleaning the suburbs
on the weekend.
3 Jason will be visiting
the old monuments
on his next trip to
Ireland.
Exercise 3: Use your own ideas to answer the following questions.
1. What will you be doing at this time tomorrow?
2. What will you be doing at 10:00 tonight?
3. Will you be traveling during your next holiday?
4. Will it be raining at this time tomorrow?
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1. These packages --------------- using airmail tomorrow.
a) will be posted b) will be posting c) will post d) will

posting
2. The boss --------------- mad at you when he knows about this lie.
a) becomes b) is going to become c) will becoming d) will go to

become
3. The boss --------------- mad at you if he knows you tell him lies.
a) becomes b) is going to become c) will becoming d) will go to

become
4. Please don’t phone me at 10:00 tomorrow morning because I --------------- in class then.
a) going to be b) will be c) will be being d) will being
5. Tina --------------- at the gym from 8:00 to 9:30 every other day. Tomorrow is not an exception and
she --------------- at 9:00 a.m.
a) exercises / is going to work out b) exercises / will be working out
c) is exercising / is going to work out d) is exercising / will be working out
.‫ ﺍﻣﺸﺐ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻧﻤﻴﺘﻮﻧﻢ ﺑﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻡ ﭼﻮﻧﮑﻪ ﺍﻭﻧﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺩﺍﺭﻡ ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎﻝ ﺗﻤﺎﺷﺎ ﻣﻴﮑﻨﻢ‬.١
.‫ ﻫﻴﭽﮑﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﺩ‬.٢
.‫ ﻣﺎ ﻓﺮﺩﺍ ﺍﻳﻨﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺧﻮﻧﺪﻧﻴﻢ ﭼﻮﻧﮑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺷﻨﺒﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﺳﺨﺘﯽ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬.٣
‫ ﺁﻳﺎ ﮐﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻳﭙﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﻨﺪ؟‬.۴
‫ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﻧﻢ ﺑﻌﺪﺍﺯﻅﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻡ؟ ﺍﻭﻧﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﻤﻴﺪی؟‬.۵
. ‫ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍی ﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﻮ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‬.۶
.‫ ﮐﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﻩ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻭﻥ ﭘﻞ ﺭﻭ ﺑﺰﻭﺩی ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮐﻨﻦ‬.٧
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►►► Present Perfect Tense

1 Patty has worked at a
laboratory for ten
years.
2 Honesty has lost its
value for a long time.
3 We have had this car
for over twenty years.
4 Jim has done his
military service.
5 They have been
depressed since their
mother’s death.
6 We have won nine
trophies so far.
1. He has been / went to London twice in 1988.
2. Man has not already / yet discovered how to reach the most distant planets.
3. Hasn’t she ever / yet finished her lunch? It’s 1:30 already / yet!
4. Timmy has worked / worked here for only eight months last year.
5. Did you hear / Have you heard that Peter and Mia have decided to tie the knots?
.‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺷﻨﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﻡ‬
.‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﮑﺲ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺟﻮﺍﻳﺰ ﺯﻳﺎﺩی ﺭﺍ ﮐﺴﺐ ﻧﮑﺮﺩ‬
.‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﺑﺤﺎﻝ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻡ‬
.‫ ﻟﭗ ﺗﺎﭘﻤﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﺍﺏ ﺷﺪ‬،‫ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮐﻨﻴﻢ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺮﺩﻳﻢ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺩی ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‬،‫ﺍﺯ ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‬
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1. I --------------- him only one letter up to now.
a) will send b) am sending c) send d) have sent
2. They --------------- in the classroom when the ceiling fell down.
a) were all sitting b) are all sitting c) have all sat d) all sat
3. I want to go for a walk, but I --------------- my homework yet.
a) wasn’t finishing b) didn’t finish c) haven’t finished d) not finished
4. He --------------- here from 1985 to 1990.
a) worked b) has worked c) works d) is working
5. ------------------------------ glasses when I first met you?
a) Haven’t you worn b) Weren’t you wearing c) Didn’t you wear d) Aren’t you wearing
it.
1. I know all about that movie because I saw it three times.
2. Our English teacher has corrected all our essays last Friday and she returned them yesterday.
3. I’m sorry, but you are five minutes late. You’ve already missed the train to Paris.
4. While you were talking to me at the phone, somebody pushed a letter under the door.
5. His face is so familiar to me. I’m sure I’ve seen him at Perry’s birthday party.
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►►► Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Exercise 1: If possible, rewrite the following sentences with present perfect continuous tense.
1. They have lived in this neighborhood for over twenty years.
2. I have dusted the bedrooms all day long and there is yet a lot to do.
3. He has been depressed since he lost his wife in a car crash.
4. Melissa hasn’t rehearsed for the concert since last week.
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5. They haven’t visited Taj-Mahal yet.
6. Martin has watched this horror series twice.

1 It has been snowing
in the North for five
days.
2 Mrs. Carlson has
been teaching
philosophy since she
graduated.
3 Big cities have been
expanding in the last
decade.
.‫ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻬﺎی ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺩﻫﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺍﺗﻤﯽ ﮐﺮﻩ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﻴﮑﻨﻨﺪ‬.١
‫ ﭼﺮﺍ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﻴﺰﻧﯽ؟ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﯽ ﻣﻴﺪﻭﻳﺪی؟‬.٢
.‫ ﺗﻤﺒﺮ ﺟﻤﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ‬١۵٠٠ ‫ ﭘﺴﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭﻡ ﺗﺎﺑﺤﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬.٣
.‫ ﻓﮑﺮ ﮐﻨﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﮔﺮﻳﻪ ﻣﻴﮑﺮﺩﻩ‬.‫ ﭼﺸﻤﺎﺵ ﻗﺮﻣﺰﻥ‬.‫ ﻧﮕﺎﺵ ﮐﻦ‬.۴
.‫ ﻭﻟﯽ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺶ ﻧﮑﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‬،‫ ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻩ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻴﺴﺎﺯﻧﺪ‬.۵
it.
1. How many times have you been watching this video since you bought it last week?
2. Hanna has never been to the classical concert. I think she should try it once.
3. We’ve been listening to that CD all day. Let’s playing something different.
4. He’s been playing with this band for three years ago and he has been so successful in the way.
5. I told Peter about the event and he suddenly said he has already known all about it.
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►►► Past Perfect Tense

1 Somebody had broken
into my apartment
before I arrived.
2 Beethoven had been a
famous musician by
the time of his death.
3 She had had many
financial problems
before she found a
job.
4 They had done many
researches by the year
2010.
.‫ ﮐﺴﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺍﻁﻼﻋﯽ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬،‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﮔﺎﻟﻴﻠﻪ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﮐﻨﺪ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
.‫ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﮐﺮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ژﺍﭘﻦ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺍی ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻢ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﻴﮑﺮﺩﻡ‬
.‫ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﻫﺎﻳﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻡ‬،‫ﺗﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﺮﻡ‬
.‫ ﻫﺮﮔﺰ ﻓﮑﺮ ﻧﻤﻴﮑﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺗﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻡ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻠﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍی ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝ‬،‫ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻢ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﻴﮑﺮﺩﻡ‬
.‫ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬
1. He found his book this morning, but now he --------------- his pen.
a) loses b) has lost c) lost d) had lost
2. I can’t make any more cakes because I --------------- all the flour.
a) have used b) was using c) used d) had used
3. I couldn’t make any more cakes because I --------------- all the flour.
a) have used b) was using c) used d) had used
4. Although he --------------- hard for over five years, he still couldn’t get a degree.
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a) will study b) studies c) had studied d) has studied
5. Although he --------------- hard for over five years, he still can’t get a degree.
a) will study b) studies c) had studied d) has studied
it.
1. My son was doing his homework when I arrived home; so we could go out together.
2. While the butcher was washing his hands, he realized he cut his finger.
3. In the year 1600, Queen Elizabeth I, who had come to power in 1558, had ruled England.
4. He feels unhappy for the last three days and he still looks miserable.
5. I’m going to ask her to bring back my book because she had had plenty of time to read it since I lent
it to her last semester.
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►►► Future Perfect Tense

1 I will have bought
my own place by the
end of summer.
2 They will have
migrated to Denmark
by 2020.
3 The accountant will
have handed in all the
financial reports by
the end of this week.
Exercise 2: Answer the following questions with your own ideas.
1. What will you have done by the time you are thirty?
2. What great thing will you have done before you die?
3. Will you have gotten your BA degree by the end of summer?
4. Will you have bought your own car by the end of this year?
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.‫ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎی ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﭘﻮﻝ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺑﺮﺍی ﺳﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻡ‬.١
.‫ ﺑﻠﻴﻂ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻡ ﻭ ﻫﺘﻞ ﺭﺯﺭﻭ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻡ‬،‫ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺳﭙﺘﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‬.٢
.‫ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺘﻪ ﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻡ‬،‫ ﺗﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺩﺳﺎﻣﺒﺮ‬.٣
‫ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺣﻠﯽ ﺑﺮﺍی ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻮ‬.۴
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟‬
.‫ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮐﻼﺳﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭی ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﮐﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺣﺪﺱ ﻣﻴﺰﻧﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬.۵
.‫ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﮐﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،٢٠٣٠ ‫ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻝ‬.۶
.‫ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻧﮓ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﻢ ﻭﻟﯽ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺣﺼﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺴﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻢ‬،‫ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎی ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬.٧
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►►► Modal Verbs / Have to
*** What are modal verbs? Modal verbs are paired with the base forms of different verbs in order to
show possibility, ability, advisability, obligation or necessity.
We can have access to many free online sources.
You should see a dentist as soon as possible.
usages the modal verbs used examples

making polite requests can / could / will / would * Can / Could he have just one more cookie?
/ may * Can / Could you please turn down the TV?
* Will / Would you please shut the window?
(only used with you)
* May I have a cup of coffee? (only used with I
and we)
giving permission can / may * She can go out if she wants.
* You may leave early if you need to.
expressing ability can / could (to talk about * He can complete the job for you in an hour.
the past) / be able to * She is able to take good care of herself.
* We were able to finish the report yesterday.
* When I was 4, I could read and write the
alphabet.
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expressing obligation need to / must (not * All the students must take the exam next week.
and necessity commonly used in * I have to work part-time in order to have enough
questions) / have to / has time for studying.
to / had to (the past tense * Jane has to take care of her little sister in the
afternoon.
form of have to, has to
* I had to wake up early and make breakfast today.
and must)
* He needs to work harder if he wants to make
progress.
expressing possibility may / might * It may rain this afternoon.
* He might hold a party next weekend.
drawing conclusions must * Your friend must be very smart because she
has solved this difficult math problem
correctly.
* The manager must be at a meeting since he
doesn’t answer my phone calls.
suggesting alternatives could * You could take the next train.
* We could either take a taxi or drive to the
airport.
giving suggestions or should / ought to (not * They really should think about renewing old
advice commonly used in buildings.
negative statements and * You ought to visit the Prado Museum while
questions) you’re in Madrid.
*** After the modal verb dare, both an infinitive and a base form of a verb could be used:
I dared go / to go bungee-jumping with my friends at last.
She is so brave and self-spoken. She always dares mention / to mention the problems.
The negative form of this modal verb could be one of the following:
She doesn’t dare mention the problems. [negative auxiliary verb + dare + the base form of the
verb]
She doesn’t dare to mention the problems. [negative auxiliary verb + dare + an infinitive]
She dares not [daren’t] mention the problems. [dare(s) not / daren’t + the base form of the
verb]
Exercise 1: Choose the appropriate modal verbs and translate the following statements into English.
(have to / should) .‫ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺘﻤﺎ ﺳﺮی ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﯽ ﺑﺰﻧﻴﺪ‬.١
(can / could) .‫ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﺮﺍی ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‬.٢
(may / might) .‫ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﺪ‬.٣
(can’t / daren’t) .‫ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﺃﺕ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻡ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﻔﺮ ﮐﻨﻢ‬.۴
16
(can / could) ‫ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺶ ﺳﺎﻟﮕﯽ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻨﻮﻳﺴﯽ؟‬.۵
(may / will) ‫ ﻣﻤﮑﻨﻪ ﻟﻄﻔﺎ ﭼﺮﺍﻏﻬﺎ ﺭﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ؟‬.۶
(must / should) .‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻫﻞ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮی ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻟﻬﺠﻪ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﯽ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬.٧
(can / could) .‫ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻤﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻢ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﻢ‬.٨
(need to / should) .‫ ﻓﺮﺩﺍ ﻫﻤﮕﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬.٩
(have to / should) ‫ ﺁﻳﺎ ﭘﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺨﺎﻁﺮ ﺷﻐﻠﺶ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺳﻔﺮ ﮐﻨﺪ؟‬.١٠
1. Be polite! You --------------- speak rudely to your brother.
a) have to b) don’t have to c) should d) shouldn’t
2. What do you think? Where --------------- we go on holiday, New York or Los Angeles?
a) can b) must c) should d) may
3. I don’t dare --------------- in rainy weather, especially at night.
a) drive b) driving c) to drive d) both a and c
4. I daren’t --------------- in rainy weather, especially at night.
a) drive b) driving c) to drive d) both a and c
5. Actually, I --------------- move out of my parents’ house because I didn’t have a job.
a) cannot b) could not c) may not d) might not
it.
1. We managed to find the restaurant you had recommended, but we really couldn’t found it without
the map that you drew for us.
2. We didn’t have much time, so we must hurry to get to the airport on time.
3. She could go to the gym on Wednesday because she doesn’t have to go to work.
4. You should have healthy breakfast in order to concentrating better in exams.
5. Martha has to have two jobs to earn her own and her family living.
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17
►►► Gerunds and Infinitives / The Infinitives of Purpose
What are gerunds and infinitives? A gerund is an -ing form of a verb (such as going), while an
infinitive is formed by adding to before a verb (such as to go).
A number of verbs are followed by gerunds. The most common verbs in this category include enjoy,
resent, appreciate, avoid, mind, dislike, recommend, suggest, consider, tolerate and finish.
Bob enjoys reading novels in his free time.
My doctor has recommended having dates with tea instead of sugar.
Melissa finished typing the letter a few minutes ago.
They will consider increasing the wages in their next meeting.
Some other verbs are followed by infinitives. The most common verbs in this category include try,
want, learn, decide, would like, would love, would hate, would prefer, agree, expect, hope, ask,
deserve, need, plan, promise, offer and refuse.
I decided to buy the smaller camera at last.
We plan to spend our holiday in the country.
I’d love to introduce you to my family.
He has refused to help us whenever we have asked him.
There are also a number of verbs that can be followed by both gerunds and infinitives without any
changes in their meanings, verbs such as like, love, hate, start, begin, continue and prefer.
They continued playing / to play loud music although we asked them to be a bit quieter.
I love sleeping / to sleep late on the weekend.
The construction workers have begun bringing / to bring the old building down.
I have always preferred watching / to watch movies at home.
However, there is a change in meaning when the verbs forget, remember, stop and regret are followed
by gerunds and infinitives.
I will never forget travelling to Paris.
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I forgot to pick up the medications on my way home.
My mother always remembers cooking the first meal at her own home.
Please remember to make an appointment with the dentist.
Paul stopped smoking last year.
They have stopped to talk to you.
Maria regrets behaving him so harshly.
We regret to tell you that all the tickets have been sold out.
Notes to Remember:
1. After prepositions (in, of, for, from, by, at, …), we use gerunds.
Carla is interested in doing karate.
By saving your change in a jar, you will have a large sum of money at the end of the year.
2. We can easily make the negative form of a gerund or an infinitive by adding not before it.
I suggested not staying indoors on Saturday.
He’s sick and tired of not being able to find a job.
Not paying attention to lessons in class is one of the main reasons of not learning.
I would prefer not to accompany them in sightseeing.
Martha hates not to have anyone to talk to.
“To be or not to be! That’s the question!”
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with either the gerund or the infinitive forms of the verbs provided.
1. Do you enjoy --------------- other countries? (visit)
2. Where’s the nearest bank? I need --------------- some euros. (change)
3. I’m trying --------------- (not / smoke). Please stop --------------- me. (persuade)
4. She was very upset and she started ---------------. (cry)
5. Gary was very angry and he refused --------------- to us. (speak)
6. Have you finished --------------- the kitchen? (clean)

19
7. Harry always regrets --------------- to his father’s advice about his future job when he was just 18.
(not / listen)
8. I hope --------------- them again in my whole life. (not / see)
9. I’d prefer --------------- a few minutes more. (wait)
10. Whenever I am tired in the evening, I like --------------- TV. (watch)
11. Would you like --------------- to the beach? (go)
12. Patrick stopped --------------- some stuff at the supermarket. (buy)
13. I have learned --------------- people more than they deserve. (not / respect)
14. Don’t forget --------------- the invitation cards tomorrow morning. (write)
15. I’d love --------------- them because they are such boring people. (not / invite)
16. Do you remember --------------- to school for the first time? (go)
it.
1. John is such introverted. He doesn’t like to talk about himself a lot.
2. Children in the same family usually have personalities that are determining by their birth order.
3. Don’t look at those old photos in order to not remember the sad events of the past.
4. Try to wear happy colors so as to becoming cheerful and energetic.
5. Extroverts don’t worry about talking in public and they believe to being honest.
(promise) ‫ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍی ﮐﻤﮑﺸﻮﻥ ﮐﻨﯽ؟‬.١
(consider) .‫ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻡ ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﭘﻮﻝ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻳﮏ ﺩﻭﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﮑﻨﻢ‬.٢
(be sad about) .‫ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻧﻤﻴﺘﻮﻧﺴﺖ ﮐﻤﮑﺸﻮﻥ ﮐﻨﻪ ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﺑﻮﺩ‬.٣
(forget) .‫ ﻫﺮﮔﺰ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭی ﮐﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻳﺪﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﻧﻤﻴﮑﻨﻢ‬.۴
(start) .‫ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮی ﮐﺎﺭی ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﮐﺮﺩ‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺾ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺭﻍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ‬.۵
(hope) .‫ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻡ ﺩﻳﮕﻪ ﻧﺒﻴﻨﻤﺶ‬.۶
(dislike) .‫ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺑﺪﻡ ﻣﻴﺎﺩ‬.٧

20
(be interested in) ‫ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻟﻬﺎﻳﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺷﺐ ﭘﺨﺶ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ ﻟﺬﺕ ﻣﻴﺒﺮی؟‬.٨
(regret) .‫ ﻣﺘﺄﺳﻔﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻴﺒﻴﻨﻢ‬.٩
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►►► Possessives with Gerunds
You can use a possessive before a gerund when you want to indicate the performer of an action:
Your constant arguing is getting on my nerves. The kids’ singing was too loud.
You should complain about Sam’s cutting in line. The thing that bothers me is her smoking.
Exercise 1: Combine the following pairs of sentences using possessives with gerunds.
1. My brother litters. I’m really annoyed by it.
2. He never pays attention to the needs of other people. I don’t appreciate that.
3. John smoked cigars in the car. My mother objected to it.
4. James always talks on his cellphone at lunchtime. We don’t mind it.
5. They allow smoking. I’m not in favor of it.
6. Sam and Peter aren’t on time. The boss objects to it.
7. We never take calls during dinner. Our father admires it.
8. Her co-workers don’t call her by her last name. She resents it.
9. Janet sleeps in class. What do you think about it?
10. He ignores her. She is so sad about it.
it.
1. He couldn’t concentrate because the kids’s singing was too loud.
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2. If you want to have a happy marriage, remember making time for each other.
3. The thing that bother me most was her smoking.
4. The most I can do in order to help you out are giving you these tips.
5. Wives’ constant arguing usually get on their husbands’ nerves.
6. Remember to avoid negative thinking and stop to expect the worst.
7. I was annoyed because I didn’t like they’re talking during the movie.
8. Lance Armstrong, the American cyclist, won several awards so far and he is still eager to win more.
9. Pessimists believe that bad things will happen in the future and they always expect the worse.
10. Keep in mind that in order to having a balanced life, it is important to keep track of your expenses.
‫ ﭼﺮﺍ ﻫﻴﭽﮑﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﮕﺎﺭ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺁﻗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺿﯽ ﻧﻤﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ؟‬.١
.‫ ﺑﭽﻪ ﻫﺎی ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﯽ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ ﭘﺪﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺷﺎﻥ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‬.٢
.‫ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﮔﺮﻳﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﮑﺮﺭ ﺍﻭ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺩﺍﻧﻢ‬.٣
‫ ﺗﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻫﻤﮑﻼﺳﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻼﺱ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺿﯽ ﻧﮑﺮﺩی؟‬.۴
‫ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻟﯽ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻟﭗ ﺗﺎﭘﻢ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﯽ ﮔﻮﺵ ﮐﻨﻢ؟‬.۵
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English Grammar I (Pamphlet)

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English Grammar I (Pamphlet)

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►►► Simple Present Tense

Exercise 1: Complete the following table.

positive sentence negative sentence yes / no? wh?

►►► Present Continuous Tense

Exercise 1: Complete the following table.

positive sentence negative sentence yes / no? wh?

Exercise 2: Choose the correct items.

1. My mom usually does the shopping on Friday / Fridays.

Exercise 3: Translate the following statements into English.

.‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺑﺰﺭﮔﻢ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﻏﻴﺒﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻓﺎﻣﻴﻠﻪ‬

‫ﭼﺮﺍ ﺑﻌﻀﯽ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﻣﺴﺨﺮﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ؟‬

Exercise 4: Choose the correct answers.

1. A: “What ------------------------------?” B: “He’s an engineer.”

a) does your father doing b) is your father doing

c) does your father do d) is your father do

2. A: “Why ------------------------------ sunglasses?” B: “Because it’s sunny.”

3. How often --------------- to the cinema?

a) are you going b) are you go c) do you going d) do you go

4. Jane --------------- excited about watching action movies.

a) doesn’t b) hasn’t c) isn’t d) not

a) don’t usually enjoy / enjoy b) usually don’t enjoy / enjoy

c) don’t usually enjoy / am enjoying d) usually don’t enjoy / am enjoying

6. A: “Does Jeff have any brothers or sisters?” B: “No, he ---------------.”

a) doesn’t b) hasn’t c) haven’t d) isn’t

7. It doesn’t usually --------------- here in summer.

8. It isn’t usually --------------- here in summer.

a) raining b) rains c) rain d) rainy

9. A: “Where is John?” B: “He’s in the bathroom. He --------------- a shower.”

a) does b) has c) having d) is having

a) is preferring b) prefer c) preferring d) prefers

1. He says always very little when there are strangers present.

2. His manager is never angry at him even when he is late.

5. Every one of us have to work hard in order to earn enough money.

►►► Simple Past Tense

Exercise 1: Complete the following table.

positive sentence negative sentence yes / no? wh?

Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers.

1. How --------------- you learn to drive? --------------- it easy?

a) are / Is b) did / Is c) are / Was d) did / Was

2. I was so dizzy today; I --------------- anything in class.

a) didn’t understand b) didn’t understood

c) wasn’t understand d) wasn’t understood

a) didn’t / didn’t b) wasn’t / didn’t c) didn’t / wasn’t d) wasn’t / wasn’t

5. A: “-------------------------------” B: “No, he didn’t. He taught math.”

Exercise 1: Complete the following table.

positive sentence negative sentence yes / no? wh?

Exercise 2: Choose the correct items.

4. He found a job as / as soon as he left school.

Exercise 3: Translate the following statements into English.

.‫ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻡ ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﮕﺸﺘﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﻢ ﺷﮑﺴﺖ‬،‫ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻢ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺭک ﻣﻴﺪﻭﻳﺪﻡ‬

.‫ ﭼﺮﺍﻍ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﮐﺮﺩ‬،‫ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺷﺪ‬

.‫ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻨﻴﺪﻡ‬،‫ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻢ ﺗﮑﺎﻟﻴﻔﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﺩﻡ‬

.‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﺪﻳﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺩﺭﻭﻍ ﻣﻴﮕﻔﺖ‬

1. As soon as he came in, she --------------- the room.

a) was leaving b) is leaving c) left d) leaves

2. As soon as he comes in, she --------------- the room.

a) was leaving b) is leaving c) left d) leaves

a) exercised / worked b) were exercising / was working

c) were exercising / worked d) exercised / was working

4. The gardener --------------- a tree --------------- I last saw him.

5. Look at Bill! What --------------- under that table?

a) did he do b) does he do c) is he doing d) was he doing

4. Canada had a population of about twenty million person in 1964.

1. Alex is getting married next month.