Contact us on ayusanjivni@gmail.com Ayusanjivni HANDWRITTEN NOTES. Excretory system Follow us on telegram and instagram @Ayusanjivni(0 eee ONAL... 2 + Excrerory System ie — + gation Removal gy melds Wndigeiel grote cated — egcusion. 2. Exexetion -> Removat a metarbotic _llote. — -peam.__ tho ‘bodlyy — hd collet — “eocenolfon.._ / = - Kidney Wl) tho maim ex@iemey oegan_dn Oc QU “the. Vertebrates [Fishes , amphibious , Reptiles bicols 2g mammi@Ae— 09% tbe ee eee Hees Cape ccxceetnty Grpans . in dluman beings | ; and (atin Vapours @ sbungé. =» Removes coy, Tt sia cotredl a} at 258 ee Oo adelt a nee aoe Qi “Thee. 2a os — © dopetdabsn fundusl 4 4 feel ft Wi fama Ame (0 Tretestine > i hike _ wwoilag wok ane sabiaed se sng ele flea nina oc] ran (wv en =e ean water , me alts a (3 Sue fond ie vba “a le a iim jaccar (2) Achaceous fen tool , fo | {gba a sumared thu! debum EEE eee | esa concentration _ 5. Osmaregulation > .Maintaining —~ : : 2. weed and salts in egutlibricon dS called osmoregetation. stpact 40" tne t excreta . Camoregetation uy ane % ” + cimpertant — frurction og kiclmey __# Concentration a body 4ustol in. human : beings is Boo _m cam 1*. _ f — comrentertion cg becty flict geet wocten — Organism ds goo —Fo@ _—m oom 24 Come. QR __jreuh craters = 50 m_osmL*. po Cone, Matitatning inteenat ni envieonmenie conitant ua calleel _... Home ttauis. : | pes 2 EEE+ chlera, cett_ dy fount fn earthen . 16 Ga compre eft hivee, by i “Hh tomveds Hy Te Nironmy, : _ — (ummaicing { Urea) » ‘ ‘Enceeny. Grane In ‘Derren nt Soman a Gregan te a i bs) ) Sete ——— General body duxace 3 cet ay ae bey sp. _= éolenecyte _ mn Dnlhiones pty = ecu a 8. _Aschebminthe s. 9 Rennet_celt._= Hace =e Malpighian tubute ©) adnicter| twee . - Corak gtart . _ ae Sepcnee ee ———— 8. Molicuces pte = 9. Echinadeemata 0 is to. Hemicherctata, €9. Gulanogtossus. o {> + @) Lrochagtates / Tenicates = Newel gto (Cdtexamana) (b) . Cephatochorolates > _enoretay organ Campion / branchiostoma)_ —.ctigae® dn dige U animals. Tt can ae ea freee Nephxiclia © "a b Blenie cele or dats ff _ = checks Coxpuscled. * te Most commen jis phacangiat Nephrictia. © Euchadotes | Veetebrates — —» = = ctanlatey : als @) Fishes (): aimpnibians : * () Reptiles kiclneyy ___(cU._ grecls_ F (ce) Meummnats ¥ Nertrogenous — Excrrrery WAstes, Amora. Urea, and Uric anil owe the most og tha. -animst.—__— ee—— os aon ctnend ~ They * earceete ~ They eocexete, 2 They. ecrexet@ voummenia 1 Urea. Ux acid ~_éimmonia id | ~ Te ha flee = Lente Harmpur — Most hormput . time .tess hawm-— Almase noueTemt i amongeat Scheie = fet than hat | Nufregehia We eummanict : ==. 8 ~ About 500 mt. — About G0 mL = only 40 ml soto HO is. Seeguireal. HO is sequined) 18 ik eeieiaod Henco te excrete 4.9m to eliminade 1. Wotex is conseeeel ty Ounmeniice . gran Uren, | Unie tie cunimondy 2 a eet &- Most q the Pa Foti & | &9.- Gnsects, Birols _ aquatic_invertebak Ascaris, Cartitlop ~_ “Toxeeatlol eeptiLes hike tke. ‘putstarm ~CFB fishes Chak. snake; Tound__ | 8 AwKLA, Bony seBelult ariphibiqns,,. Cac} dike cniscus, ypiohed", tadpate. ‘step on Atke Helix. Louyo_ oR-aMphi= 8. Semiqua tic. _ b tle “enfiles. dluman -baings gd (an) A) ) Se Carnet, eohate & 8 hagetoon axe UeOaietic. b - a} @. tate you mann. by dual eceection 2 | a er =feLuie 77 cates doth eptiles Uwic en dand. fy. () earthworm & Ascaris axe mmol Li but Ureotelie hen come out og woe alas tw Most me the aquatic & semi -cuqeautte t Axe cmmoncteluc. in usator 6 Uxeortel L OtHeR Nirrogenovs — Excrerory Waste 4. viminnaciad —> © when cumino acid - the animat dy cabtet — vouminoteluc = eg. G). staxgish C &chinoclexmata) -—O eae ites eee a. excreted 2 Guanine So Guanine isa ifsogenens bewe Coompment og Nuclelc cia) chon gevaniine uy excected tho animat is collect guanotcluc 4p tele purivotel re 3% Tro Curimethyt Amine conidel-7 Te wa excretory Waste Marine delense Craxine. boy ie ty zekteineet dor hypertonicity sin sore + cortilagenus Fishes. : 4, Hippuxic. acid > Benzoic actd + Glycine —-> Hippuric acict Tk us excreted In Ploummats, 5. Otnithurie acid. Benwoic acid + Obnithine —> Otnithwer,acicl Tt ws excreted in biedo,6 Alantoin = uric acid - _veleae_, Altantoin auUantoin da exceetory cseuste 0g embryo. a Pin. petmiates C man , ape & Monkey). eregprne Uriceae Absent. Thereegere, Uete acid can rat be converted to. calamtsin, Hence, uric acia divectty released. Wun mMateunal bloog 7% Guano 7 Water birds excrete Large amount} c& Weie acid cwhich us catlecied From __j veocks & uted Ga - fertitisera, “Tha ad 4 Catted — Guano. j 8. Crentina. —> Chemicalty. at is Methye Guenicn Weetic acto. Tt i chaxneteesti protem ca mudcle not._damed in other Hssuer _. Lt Ga eocoecteal sin. case oR Musicutore cUistrophs 9. Creatinine 3) Lt cin inhypleicie a Creatin. Te a exteetedd un smal amount dn _ Wee: Creatinine ds. excee tel Mere un - Lixin cleucingy prolonged abtcucvetion, Fevers = excessive. physical caso, , cLuxing... pregnancy -posi paxt—ii.N@t. corered by joritmiwm ca Tis climonsins axe.44 om x Sem x zom_ Kichmogy tucighd. 150.gm. din men a 436 gm. dn. Women. : =e -me ~. Kidingy ia covered by 3 tate calted 1 es C) autte: most protective say ae Renel Fascia . Tr cis ma - Commective Tissue. cae Gi Middle layer macle up a Aci te is comed Rene Tot. Thesae Gna uit. us a Gil Inne most hayew . : enpeute Tee made up 93 -ihule Collagen hire. - man a The alegt tisscre cg, —Hesclnay ae caltert Renal parenchyma. Tt dy divicleal into 2. Fonda. cick part is cotted Comteor while inney part fs called meckitla. About da Renel pyeamits ave pane —iin Meclubler . Contin tipo. pyramid JS. “Knoean od Renel ———apillae._pywamicd opens _diuna_ crip shaped b tube cated ent a Colgya. — Qnerage rio. og fainor Colyvas 210. 2-3 mine 6 — Fran petuis aebad tere L Conta, sin vogingtes wip. a tapen : between pyeciniid — fy Jleny tn! medtidin ~~ Prajecnan Cahed Renal ¢y, Sie bm ee aE (° : extini . f (Sea bonded to dar _majar Collyer » eeeeeee eee Majer a Open an alitaree/ I Port. kidmey " knath oy Renet pelvis.* Nepuron / UrtNrPerous “Tugure + ee a Nepheon. sf. -tha Atructiural @. qunctional tunit kidmey. In hima — being About 4o_daes nopheon Oxo dounol_sin.—. Stn ae ang — C2 > Promimag tee ental 21S. mm. _. - DCL} Pistal _conwutotect “Teehecto 3 5 mm.Lt Cte GRORE gy, btool vessel whith t Caxxies blood tocreedy nepen o — Called apyorent cretoxtole. Tha blood Vesses —-thich Carries blooct avery arom nephron — B collet epgerent arteriole r Ayyerent axteuole i urfoler thew Cepemenr cakicciete = Gemexuus a dene Network og Capillaxics — between aggorent 2 epporent avterioles, fas / Glommertelics vis wuimedt by dimple. dqucumawes —— 2mutheliam 4 guernceneltas tobe peyote! + y Ae — ‘axiceiol< : 2 j Peeitubular 5 _ Sepa ~tt Wate] tekey a [ediate vein. _ seClateol—cetth “blesel wocutett”~ fa 2? Peeitubutar Capillany sunt reall 1 4o neahton . Te ads. seequiresl yor -ochenge between —-, uUmportant — substances ‘ nephrese opilterate. & blood. —-- > Rowe iki Glomeeutax. copillacy ed Ramen bility og. k — Many timel_maere_tham that 4 noemat ——_ Coupilttercyy. uot _2.. Bousmann's capsule > Tt «is_cup-snMped = — caride. pret. 0g, Nephron cohich tecvkes. part fn the formation op, spiltration membrana, - Both Visceral & parietal Laycis OR -Bowrmeans —- COpsute. Gre. timedk by shiraple do (tamores ___ epithelium. &pectatisert Rimple datiemaus Cel Visceral foyer. _is_cettend Padlowyte « -— Glomexetes & Gouman's Capsete cembincty devo matpighian body | Cargpuscles Stractuze 02, dilteration — membrane. ma cs , : aan . aie A ect noted — tii Pisig eae “Wis cena kag ee (Sesin ple cern? tL ectrent Loaxitot A yoy by s.cce, crema eee ntee a ed = - wssssseees Sy : a Filtration membrane _is_made_up og Sayed | @ — SMnte. aquamous epithelium. og. Glomwueutud (a) _ Fensedd banement membrane . (a) atimpte dgtvamoud.. epithet wm Maat clayer oZ Acumen s Capsule Uinaty processes _Crriso — fein pecigeyte. wtios fuwethier 00M _adAmaLl ..poot-__prevedsea Root _pmcesses_.providle “_qysto pdm —.4ree Otea. ¢uhich peenuis nenheic. ptterta to. — Mere __tearpiclfay —neeugh. © -Q, piltrat®._momb. “4 much move thom tro —| % Gather Capillaries. 3. PCT C practmmoat conmuated Table] > — Tetra tubiulaur.. pata, dength about, ee mm. Tis thned by bewshbordern. Cubatctal epithelium, cahich, ee _E_ — —————————eee| Incteaacs chsospthe bityore cee ‘hence. ~——Mese than 775% hnenhric filter" ds exlosarpeel | in Per. | Loop. Henie —> dt va U-shaped | tubular part , Lenger 15-2610. | Te tts ctivicteel Jin gollouigg “pace | (a Devcenoll ctimb «3, Loop cg Hemle UDutj.. | 0) Ascencling ~ Limb og Loop 0g dente CALM] | — Tt a _gwathee clivideot_in_theee shegimmis—) thin _ALH (i) Thick medublaryy ALY | (0 Thick Corttal ALH. | 1 a1 Dut do timed by dimple Aquamous epitheliva) Ab PL UD Lined by Aimpte Cubsiclal —_ 8. Der_C Distat comvutatect _ Teubrrle J Tt is. .cdhovet..cerfale -Hubtiler: pact About 1S Ye nope “Kidmoy ore Cortical type. are IM type- Obata St et oe2 Bowman Capsule. CT 8 > Gawman'’s copsuse. PLS ' TH Axe yeruna ein | er are. found in doce — Lepper Part OQ Coste | pact op coor NEAL - i meclutinry — fupin——— > Boaumaund capsule is | Bowaman's capssele | t | simattos - Laeger > Rate Q diltenation > Rate oy filtration 7S Ts Slancene i higher > Loop +g Henle is | > Loop 0, denale da Very. { _ Shorter . et long. _— eo 2 Ales oxptive egpiciongy > Te dt sienna plight > Blood Vessel cvremimd | => chpecicet ra shape. Chaic—- Nlepheon is Cattedt _ | =pin sheped -blnod Veset —Povitwhutanr cospilicy.. » —1S_fenime_noas Loop — pe le eller GAG RERIG -. S Counter, Croremt +> Conunten_Curkemt moch= —Mechounisro is eds. to howe boped _. Stuctled_in TM. Nentron ~cRucrea GLOMERULAR _Dppmentus CT@R) # —)je AER we BP eka Ha le ‘te re Cathy uh vel +e —. ie este wTGR__Comatyt _ Q “Apecial type oe Cebl “aituniea Nene Clomerelesd. Ce Qi... Location i Peemaitiens "9. "| fexytrropoiotin] 2 Moenta Tk id Colurnaor ——Tt tu ghemorreceptar. It clensa Coll Situartenl ina. fecenai oe s Aaeus| ell fein. Der. =e valins siteoet ae Raa Be sedengial st —Situcted between _Tr regulated Gre & me Laecy Agorenk N_, Kerent decmetes Renin wiv cour A & 0 teauined 4 ooas _ ene Sn Mein dhowwe a erythropotelin Us _interatitial « eee Nene Leep oa dtente. - T) Ureter > — — = Tt f2 along tubulou yack conich arives .peom Pelvis “og._kictnmy Loomes cur yee tam. & apens dn Weinay bladder. Watt og Usetex. is made Uy Q Sinaoth mMiucte & sik 6a Limeet ley “Decunsitienal_ epithelium. eee _ M) Urinary Banper. ~> oe TT ob peak _dhaped. bac. plike Wbrctue. _obtuerieet fn __ pelusie courty Lenocet part og abdominal couvity]. Cnmer. tlangedlorr Hetlows pauct aa ! cated tefgon: Cwhile Thick outer Layer afd. 4 domed Detrrissor rmunacie..[.smeoth] . | a *8UY the fumetion o}.—binceles &urcth ya | chy dene “peweleungy — 8 Voluattegydnhinoten. ' a Bladder. La tuned by... Trounson at ium. mo -dumetn? gy latndater. is to catlect Ueine. > det ag paosing "Urine _is..catteal mictuxation Iicdugottion wre glen chp cimaer._Comital tans. — Micturaty xe peor produced rhe vetume i, wdme th, blodelex__eacerds 2.00 mb jp ipalsen wuickurabeon — fae Yolumbery peur coxd gered wy one ed Guerath wir 5 He i CALS es 2 es“Gil. closure Spina Call Opening a “Gehinekee, TB) vrenma_> 7essential amine acid ace cetilisect. beet ext amino acid cannot stereal homee, Undergoes Deamination en clea. Deamination mH cumine rei sKeleased aimimania cunich a Coweta day tre tte ba ——-—— Urea Cycre = OrnrTHINe Cycle = kree's Hansrert Cycle.Pssential arnina acid awe cetilised. beet eextea_amine acid cannot staeal, hence, Undergoes Deamination am cuiven. Decumination CANIN doi _skeleades ammaenia which wW Coweta ty Urea sees eC Uren Cycue = Orne THINe Cvece = kree's Hensrert Cycle __site_dex_Uxea cycle iy. mlimchendefa ~ Oy, Hepato cyte. ~ caebomagt = - a ea te a mele 7 ~=o# 7 we Corbamoyl : é a Phosphate cenithine trims coxbamepter : Ergin 4 Aging — “ =] Sia <= eee 23 ey ; 5h P28 ~ ; -Formerzon Or Urine + Ge) Lae Vibe fritvation — \O! 2 delectively f2 ‘ = dbsaxption 3. Tubalax: Secretion. at 4d. Ulta Piltetion : > : Te ca. the process by cerhich — blood ats spiltered across sfuterxcction meminane to dem nophric. fitiecate Gup > Glomexutar, dlyebeodtactle prasuune. cHe > —— Capsteclor. Hyelenatatte.. preasere Bear 2 ——-Btocl _Cellaicta._Csme tic_prtasern-¢ ___ —_—— 7) esuleeuk — fulted JOUre Ahew ee owth 2 alu sePrredseure, Reason Direction —- Magnitude ‘2 GMP... ~ eigenen oxcterdoie = A : dd wtoter: while, Dowentoareu. 60 60 ronng. — sy erent is. Decor ———— 2 Cue he a _exexted_ by. ss — Stud. dound tn Upasarety. 8pm Hg = +-—Renman's Capsule12:5 % 10 Is ml) min. _ . = 7.5 Lt-] he. # “180 Lt. Nepheit “filtecato, os pltceeet vln 2H nano Crine orotniet ds Only. 4-5" Lt-Jolory. Temoqns 178.5" Lt. rrepnbie. pitterate to eaksosbed back into blooct. - Reel Digan Bing Cege) _ = Volume og blood eohitch _fs_..hupntiecl (4a teficuney QW cated —_Renel. todd. fli CREA) aiorg murat e fio at Tt dy abet ‘Igoo mb-/ min. - i _ Senet plasma Floco CREF) me ; | Notuume, aR staged ushich - Ptear thiccrceg h & ——Hdngy erry minute cds -entied reper 8 ' Tt co about 200 mil mim. C rtosma fovms ' 5s )-_ a bod. i _Pibtration — Fraction (FR) - ?Urea onxceeted | clay > 20-30 9m, YF pric creiel | olen 3 Oa gm. « we Creatinine] lay 3410.2 rm es * Au the compebisnita, @) Rleodl excent bincd cdg ake Pa) ax ttton. C2" Nenhiig, , : = @ Water 1G * Nutdlerdis?# “Cileaense Amina. _ te jCieie; ~ Sslodes dele pftan ttl an wart. cae law Puneeal sy fons ts nat, kt oe SAT POG 4100; eee ay Sorcretory. “conic => Uren, ete. aetd _ “ammonia, Creatinine, lens. Gera, benraic acid. ete ie tatty pee, cr # “comeentuat? aR Nephicgitterars id 7 deune as that og, .plounma— LOsmowalarity Qcplosrea— Osonolourity. oR —_Noepheic = _Kilterete = 300 —tod-_oamn LJ, —___ 2‘ Seiecrrve __ Reassorptron - 5 Te aia the. procedt logy. evhich _ Naubrients (tater, & ceqtatredt mineral wien ate abserped From nepneic_ yilfrato te _poritudrtiae . Cerpilta there cee Sour Sites og. Cckive._ abserpt™ in Neg: .loo7, flacor J ones aT | por aah im fubtuimeable Jo AlaCg— DLW }— — : pli tHe) HH,0 > She a | pump | Absexption ~sa|u) Nat Pump |. W. 100 7. Glucose & (2 k* Pump | Amina aod fata Hogg” Pump. | Gi Soy. Men 3- + ——.___ |W) Nat~ Gluense oe es {WY Nat - Amino a. dw 70% Nat. 7 i aes +170 4._ Curator Hd em et ek |i) _Wotey Soleeble V7tarin. @. Side Te __ Naty kt eR) Nat, Kt @ 2c awe (thick! medulle Pump. ——Cietluely dese bead. ney ALN. | - 3 Ske mr ____._Nat~ cl ____Aetive absorption. og 7 a. Coxtical Fasop » Aschiw 8 chlovicto lon, Ia ~ PCT He chet Rove in Nall — CT, OD f D trlater absoepl”