SEMINAR IN THESIS WRITING

Dr. Ma Lorena Montes-Tagala

AY 2023-2024
IMPORTANT
• Font – Times New Roman
• Font size – 12
• Thesis Template provided
• Pages required except for Chapter pages
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
• Get related literature and studies (at least 25-30) from 2019 to
2023 only and from reputable sources and references (Scopus-
indexed).
• RLS should contain information and findings that are relevant to
the independent and dependent variables/topic of the study.
• Use transition words for each paragraph.
• One author per paragraph. No multiple authors in one
paragraph.
• DO LITERATURE MAPPING and make drive for hyperlinks and
sources
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
• Put the chapter introduction
• Material Subtitles by Variable (IV-DV - Quantitative)
or Theme (Qualitative)
• Tagala (2018) mentioned/stated/cited/deduced/reiterated/claimed
that professional learning communities are products of good
leadership skills of school heads and cooperation among teachers.
• Montes (as cited in Tagala, 2017) mentioned that…
• Professional learning communities are products of the good
leadership skills of school heads and cooperation among teachers
(Tagala, 2018).
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
• Tagala et al. (2019) is already used for multiple authors.
• Synthesis – Mention all authors with the same concept, idea, or
insight. Include year.
e.g. Tagala (2019), Manaig (2021), Villapando (2020), Mercado (2019), and
Perez (2019) all stated that professional learning communities can be powerful
if encouraged in schools.
• Zero in on the similarity of articles found and the current study
and the gaps bridged by the study.
• Parenthetical: Components of the in-text citation are written within the
sentence. All components of the in-text citation are included in
parenthesis at the end of the sentence.
• Understanding how marine mammals, like whales, respond to stress is
critical to their health and sustainability (Cates et. al., 2020).
• Narrative: Components of the in-text citation are written within the
sentence.
• According to Cates et. al. (2020), understanding how marine mammals,
like whales, respond to stress is critical to their health and
sustainability.
• Cates et. al. (2020) found that " relatively little is known about
variations in humpback whale stress physiology as compared to other
parameters and life history traits, such as abundance, migratory trends,
reproduction, behavior and communication" (p.2).
CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS
BACKGROUND
• Introduction – INVERTED PYRAMID - Global, local, and focal
(rationale) perspectives, intensity/urgency of the problem based on
the current state, statistics, or percentage, and very strong rationale
for conducting the study
• Theoretical/Conceptual Framework – supporting theories,
framework, and research paradigm (IV-DV for quantitative, NO IPO
paradigm) (a creative paradigm for Qualitative)
IV-DV MODEL for CORRELATIONAL STUDIES
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH PARADIGM
DEVELOPMENT STUDY PARADIGM
PHENOMENOLOGY PARADIGM
MODERATION PARADIGM
MEDIATION PARADIGM
CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS
BACKGROUND
• Statement of the Problem (based on IV-DV and
output) – for quantitative research
• Central and Corollary Questions – LCBA format –
for qualitative research
• Purpose Statements – for Mixed Methods
Research
 DESCRIPTIVE CORRELATION SOPs
• What is the level of implementation of project management controls in Novillos Construction
Company as assessed by its administrative and operations teams in terms of:
• Time,
• Scope, and
• Cost?
• To what extent are challenges encountered in the implementation of project management
controls of Novillos Construction Company as assessed by its administrative and operations
teams in terms of:
• Quality,
• Risk, and
• Resources?
• Is there a significant difference between the assessments of the administrative and operations
team as to level of implementation of project management controls and extent of challenges
encountered in Novillos Construction Company?
• Is there a significant relationship between the level of implementation of project management
controls and extent of challenges encountered in the implementation of project management
controls in Novillos Construction Company?
• Based on the findings of the study, what action plan may be proposed?
CENTRAL AND COROLLARY QUESTIONS
What is the essence of lived experience among BatState-U retirees
as to the manifestation of integrity or despair?
• How do the BatState-U retirees describe their experience as to the
manifestation of integrity or despair?
• What themes emerge from the testimonies of the BatState-U
retirees?
• Based on the findings of the study, what output may be proposed?
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH SOPs
• What is the result of the pretest of the control group?
• What is the result of the pretest of the experimental group before the utilization
of the Araling Panlipunan Warmups?
• Is there a significant difference between the pretest result of the control and
experimental groups before the utilization of the Araling Panlipunan Warmups?
• What is the result of the posttest of the control group?
• What is the result of the posttest of the experimental group after the utilization
of the Araling Panlipunan Warmups?
• Is there a significant difference between the posttest results of the control and
experimental groups after the utilization of the Araling Panlipunan Warmups?
• Is there a significant difference between the pretest and posttest results of the
control and experimental groups?
• Based on the findings of the study, what action plan may be proposed?
PURPOSE STATEMENTS for MMR ESS
• Design contextualized instructional materials in Grade
9 Economics
• Establish the content validity and acceptability of the
designed contextualized instructional materials in
Grade 9 Economics
• Determine the pretest and posttest results of the
Grade 9 students in the designed contextualized
instructional materials in Grade 9 Economics
MEDIATING ANALYSIS STUDY
• What is the stress level in online learning of BS Psychology
students?
• What is the hope level of BS Psychology students in online
learning?
• What is the flow level of BS Psychology students in online
learning?
• Does the stress level in online learning of BS Psychology students
significantly impact hope level?
• Does hope mediate the relationship between stress and flow?
• Based on the results of this study, what action plan may be
proposed?
MODERATION STUDY
• 1. What is the work exhaustion level of the PNP personnel as assessed by police officers in terms of;
• 1.1 Emotional Exhaustion,
• 1.2 Cynicism, and
• 1.3 Reduced personal achievement?
• 2. What is the level of work performance of PNP personnel as assessed by police officers?
• 3. What is the coping strategies level of the PNP personnel as assessed by police officers in terms of;
• 3.1 Cognitive Appraisal,
• 3.2 Social Support,
• 3.3 Problem Solving,
• 3.4 Religiosity,
• 3.5 Tolerance,
• 3.6 Emotional Release,
• 3.7. Overactivity,
• 3.8 Relaxation/Recreation, and
• 3.9 Substance Use?
MODERATION STUDY
• 4. Is there a significant relationship between the level of work
exhaustion and the level of performance among PNP personnel
assigned to the City Police Station?
• 5. On the moderation, does coping strategies level significantly
moderate the relationship between work exhaustion in performance
of PNP personnel?
• 6. Based on the findings of the study, what action plan may be
proposed?
• Hypothesis/es – for Quantitative research only – for
significant difference/relationship SOP only
- use null ( THERE IS NO) hypothesis
• There is no significant difference between/among the
assessments of the teachers, students, and school heads.
• There is no significant relationship between corporate culture
level and employee engagement level in a BPO company.)
• Scope and Delimitation – research design, variables, locale,
respondents/participants, what are NOT covered by study
• Significance of the Study – beneficiaries in order and
intensity
CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS
BACKGROUND
• Definition of Terms – define all the important keywords in the title
and sub-variables in SOP
• operational (how the words are used in the study)
• conceptual (dictionary or reference definition)
– alphabetical and complete sentences
Awareness. This refers to…
CHAPTER 3
• Research Design – Descriptive correlational, casual
approach experimental, and development studies
(quantitative) and Qualitative research design
(phenomenology, biography, or narrative as approach)
Why use this? Why appropriate to the study?
• Research Locale – district/division, agency, company,
etc., and include the reason for choosing such locale…
justification provided
CHAPTER 3
• Population and Sampling – simple random sampling/quota
sampling/systematic sampling/stratified random sampling, quota,
cluster, purposive sampling, and non-equivalent group design
• G-power or any application for computing actual samples for
Quantitative research (Don’t use SLOVIN!!! For FEASIB only)
• Purposeful (generic) or snowball sampling and others for qualitative
• Respondents/Participants of the Study – discussion and table of
respondents/participants complete with characteristics
CHAPTER 3
• Research Instrument – basis, how was this developed, and how many
items per variable and per part, and four-point Likert scale VG, G, Fair,
Poor. Interview Protocol – comprised of 5 WHAT and 5 HOW
questions capturing the lived experience of the participants
• The researcher may use –
• ADOPTED instrument
• ADAPTED instrument
• RESEARCHER-MADE instrument
CHAPTER 3
• INSTITUTIONAL LIKERT SCALES

Frequency (Extent) Implementation Observance

Scale Interpretation Scale Interpretation Scale Interpretation

4 Always 4 Fully Implemented 4 Highly Observed

3 Often 3 Implemented 3 Observed

2 Sometimes 2 Partially Implemented 2 Slightly Observed

1 Never 1 Not Implemented 1 Not Observed

CHAPTER 3

Utilization Manifestation Agreement

Scale Interpretatio Scal Interpretation Scal Interpretation
n e e
4 Fully Utilized 4 Highly Manifested 4 Strongly Agree
3 Utilized 3 Manifested 3 Agree
2 Partially 2 Slightly Manifested 2 Disagree
Utilized
1 Not Utilized 1 Not Manifested 1 Strongly Disagree
CHAPTER 3
Performance Performance (DepEd) Level of Proficiency
Scale Interpretation Scale Interpretation Scale Interpretation
4 Very Good 4 Outstanding 5 Advanced
3 Good 3 Very Satisfactory 4 Proficient
2 Fair 2 Satisfactory 3 Approaching
Proficient
1 Poor 1 Fairly Satisfactory 2 Developing
Did not Meet 1 Beginning
Expectations
Range
Scale Range
4 3.26-4.00
3 2.51-3.25
2 1.76-2.50
1 1.00-1.75
Chapter 3
• Validation of the Instrument (for ADAPTED and RESEARCHER-MADE
INSTRUMENT only)
• QUANTITATIVE
• 5 experts (RD, Analyst, 2 LCBA Professors, 1 field expert)
• Conduct Lawshe Content Validity Ratio after
• Do PILOT TEST
• Compute CRONBACH’S ALPHA Reliability Test
• QUALITATIVE
• 5 experts (RD, Analyst, 2 LCBA Professors, 1 field expert)
• Conduct Lawshe Content Validity Ratio after
• Interview Protocol
• Informed Consent
Chapter 3
• Data Gathering Procedure – Discuss from Step 1 to the
treatment of data
• Ethical Consideration – LCBA format, DPA 2012, Mention
Research Manual guidelines on this
• Treatment of Quantitative/Qualitative Data – treatment to
be used per SOP using SPSS or IPA (Interpretative
Phenomenological Analysis) or Thematic Analysis for
qualitative data
INSTRUMENT SAMPLES
• QUANTITATIVE (Felicidario paper)
• QUALITATIVE (Javier paper)
REFERENCES
• All references used in the study should be cited in the References that
follow after Chapter 3. These should be in
• alphabetical order,
• double-spaced,
• hanging indented, and
• left-aligned.
• American Psychological Association (APA) 7th
• Home - APA 7th Edition - Research Guides at University of Alabama (ua.edu)
APA 7 th