TABLE OF CONTENT

SUBJECT PAGE NO.

Introduction
Implementing Rules of RA 5487 as Amended
Rules of Security Guards
Pre-qualification of SG
Personal Appearance
Daily Appraisal
General Order
Code of Ethics
Code of Conduct
Report Writing
Logbook Recording
Community Relation
Arrest
Observation and Description
Intelligence and Information Gathering
Physical Security
Fire
First Aid
Terrorism
Bomb Threat
Shooting Technique
Values
Gender Awareness and Development
Selected Legal Provision
Salute
Philippine Criminal Justice System
PNP Rank Insignias
Glossary
THE PRIVATE SECURITY AGENCY LAW PNP Official Implementing the Private Security Agency Law

1. Private Security in the country is governed by Republic Act Police Director General
5487 entitled “An Act to Regulate the Organization and
Chief, Philippine National Police (PNP)
Operation of Private Detective Watchmen or Security
Guards Agencies. Also known as “The Private Security Police Chief Superintendent
Agency Law” the law was approved on June 21, 1969 and
was amended by the Presidential Decree No. 11, dated Chief, Supervisory Office for Security and Investigation Agencies
October 3, 1972 and 11-A dated January 17, 1973. (SOSIA)

Police Chief Superintendent

2. Scope of RA 5487 Chief, Firearms and Explosive Office (FEO)

The organization, operations, business and activities of Police Chief Superintendent
Private Security Agencies, Company of Guard Forces and
Government Security Forces shall be governed by the Chief, Private Security Management Branch (PSTMB-SOSIA)
provisions of RA 5487.
Police Chief Superintendent
The provides for qualification of persons and requirements
for organizing security or watchman agencies, qualifications Chief, Personnel Licensing Section (PLS-SOSIA)
of security guards, watchmen or private detectives, license
requirement and processing, fees and bonds, uniforms,
issuance of firearms and compensation among others.
FUNCTION OF PNP-SOSIA

3. The implementing rules and regulations of RA 5487 govern 1. To enforce RA 5437

the conduct duties and responsibilities of security guards 2. To issue license
and watchmen. All members of the private security, 3. To keep records
watchmen, security guard, private detective and agencies 4. To conduct inspection
duly licensed shall strictly observed the rules and 5. To supervised and conduct training
regulations as amended of the Philippine Constabulary 6. To investigate
promulgated on 17 October 1969. 7. To Administer sanction
SECURITY GUARD or watchman is a person who offers to BASIC FUNCTIONS OF SECURITY GUARD
renders personal services, watch or secure residential,
commercial or industrial establishment for hire or 1. Patrolling.
compensation. 2. Guarding restricted areas against unlawful entry.
3. Enforcing identification and access control.
THE SECURITY CREED 4. Maintaining the control of locks and keys.
5. Escorting cash and valuables.
“As a Security Guard, my fundamental duty is to protect life 6. Preventing losses of properties.
and property and maintain order within the vicinity/ my 7. Managing traffic control.
place of duty; protect the interest of my employer and our 8. Enforcing company rules and regulation.
client and our security and stability of our government and 9. Providing extra services during emergency.
country, without compromise and prejudice, honest in my KINDS OF GUARDS
action, words and thought, and do my best to uphold the
principle of Makadiyos, Makabayan at Makatao”. 1. Parking Guard
2. Lobby Guard
THE ROLES OF SECURITY GUARDS 3. Roving Guard
1. Protectors of lives and properties. 4. Patrol Guard
2. Assistants to law enforcers. 5. Traffic/ Perimeter Guard
3. Guardians of peace and order. 6. Gate Guard
4. Symbols of public trust and confidence. 7. Armored Guard
8. K9 Handler
PREQUALIFICATIONS OF SECURITY GUARD 9. CCTV Operator
1. Filipino Citizen. PERSONAL APPEARANCE OF SECURITY GUARD
2. At least high school graduate.
3. Physically and mentally fit. 1. Proper Hygiene
4. At least 18 years old and not more than 50 years old. 2. Complete Uniform
5. Must have undergone the pre-licensing training 3. Shaved and/or cut mustache
course. 4. Wearing black shoes and socks
5. Clean and cut fingernails
DOCUMENTS THAT A SECURITY GUARD MUST CARRY DURING 5. Am I in proper, neat and clean uniform?
TOUR OF DUTY
11 GENERAL ORDERS (with Filipino Translation)
1. Thermal ID and/or Security License
2. Company Identification Card 1. To take charge of the post and all company properties in
3. Duty Detailed Order view and protect and preserve the same with utmost
4. Permit to Carry Firearms and License of Firearms diligence. Pangasiwaan nang buong husay ang
pangangalagang pook o kompanyang binabantayan, pati
IMPORTANT THINGS A SECURITY GUARD MUST HAVE DURING HIS na ang lahat ng ari-arian nito.
TOUR OF DUTY 2. To walk in an alert manner during my tour of duty and
observing everything takes place within sight or hearing.
1. Prescribed Complete Uniform Lumakad ng lagging handa at magmasid at making nang
2. Pocket notebook mabuti sa anumang nangyayari sa paligid.
3. Ball pen 3. To report all violations and orders I am instructed to
4. Logbook enforce. Gumawa ng ulat tungkol sa mga katiwalaan laban
5. Holster sa mga kautusan itinuro aking dapat ipatupad.
6. Perching Cap 4. To relay all calls from post more distant from the security
7. Whistle house where I am station. Ipaalam lahat ng tawag mula sa
8. Badge malayo kaysa sa aking bahay tanod.
9. Necktie 5. To quit my post only when properly relieved. Lisanin ang
10. Handkerchief aking kinatatalagaan pagkatapos mahalinhan nang
11. First Aid Kit maayos.
SECURITY GUARDS DAILY SELF APPRAISAL 6. To receive, obey and pass on to the relieving guard all
orders from the company officers or officials, supervisor,
1. Am I punctual in all my daily office schedules formations, post in charge or shift leaders. Tanggapin, sundin at
obligations and duties? ipagbigay alam sa aking kahalinlina ng tanod ang lahat ng
2. Am I with stout heart, intense loyalty and complete utos ng pinuno at opisyales ng kompanya, superbisor, post-
dedication to overcome all obstacle and challenges in my in-charge ofship leader.
daily situations? 7. To talk to no one except in line of duty. Huwag makipag-
3. Am I fit to perform my duty for the day? usap kanino man habang nakatalaga, maliban lamang pag
4. Am I in possession of my PNP License? hinggil sa tungkulin.
8. To sound or call the alarm in case of fire or disorders.
Magbabala kung may sunog o gulo.
9. To call my superior officers in any case not covered by
instructions. Ipagbigay alam sa nakakataas na opisyal kung
may anumang bagay na hindi nasasaklaw ng mga tagabilin.
10. To salute all company officials and superiors in the agency,
ranking public officials and officers of the Philippine
National Police. Sumaludo sa mga pinuno ng kompanya,
ahensya, gobyerno at opisyal ng Philippine National Police.
11. To be especially watchful at night and during the time of
challenging and challenges all persons on or near my post
and to allow no one to pass or lotter without proper
authority. MAging mahigpit na magmasid lalo na sa gabi at
mga maseselang panahon; usisaing mabuti kung sino ang
bawat nakapaligid o malapit sa aking pinagtatanuran; at
huwag pahintulutang makaraan ang sinuman nang walang
kaukulang pahintulot.
CODE OF ETHICS
(With Filipino Translation)
1. As security guard/ detective, his fundamental duty is to
serve the interest of mission of his agency ion compliance
with the contract entered into with clients or customers of
the agency he is supposed to serve. Bilang ahente ng
katiwasayan, ang kanyang unang tungkulin ay gampanan
ang kapakanan nh kanyang ahensya at ng kliyente nito
upang isakatuparan ang nakasaad sa kontratang
napagkasunduan ng mga ito.
2. He shall be honest in thought and deeds both in his
personal and officials actuation, obeying the rules of the
land and the regulations prescribed by his agency and those
established by the company he is supposed to protect.
Siya’y magiging tapat sa isip at gawa sa kanyang pansarili
or opisyal na kilos at kanyang susundin ang mga
pambansang batas at mga alintuntuning ipinatutupad ng
kanyang ahensya, gayundin ang sa kanyang kompanyang
binabantayan.
3. He shall not reveal any confidential information confided to
him as a security guard and such other matters imposed
upon him by law. Hindi niya ibubunyag ang mga lihim na
ipinagkatiwala sa kanya bilang tanod, gayundin ang iba
pang bagay na ipinatutupad sa kanya ng batas.
4. He shall act all times with decorum and shall not permit
personal feelings prejudice and undue friendship to
influence his actuation in the performance of his official
function. Siya’y kikilos ng maayos sa lahat ng oras at hindi
niya hahayaan ang sariling damdamin, maling hakahaka, at
maling pakikipagkaibigan ay makaimpluwensya sa kanyang
asal sapagtupad ng opisyal na tungkulin.
5. He shall not compromise with criminals and other lawless
elements to the prejudice of the customers or clients and
shall assist the government in its relentless drive against
lawlessness and other forms of criminality. Hindi siya
makikikompromiso sa mga suliranin at iba pang lumalabag
sa batas upang mapahamak ang kliyente; manupa’y
tutulong siya sa pamahalaan sa walang tigil na pagpuksa ng
masasamang loob at iba pang uri ng kriminalidad.
6. He must carry out his assigned duties as required by law to
the best of ability and shall safeguard life and property of
the establishments he is assigned to. Dapat niyang
maipatupad ang tungkuling nakaatang sa kanya bilang
tanod nang naayon sa batas sa abot ng kanyang makakaya
at dapat niyang pangalagaan ang buhay at ari-arian ng
establisimyento binabantayan.
7. He shall wear his uniform, badge, patches, insignia properly
as a symbol of public trust and confidence as an honest and
trustworthy security guard, watchman and private
detective. Gagamitin niya ang kanyang uniporme, tsapa at
insignia nang maayos sapagkat ang mga ito’y sagisag ng
pagtitiwala ng madla sa kanya bilang tapat na tanod,
sereno at pribadong sekreta.
8. He shall keep his allegiance first to the government, to the
agency he is employed and to the establishment he is to
serve with loyalty and dedicated serve. Dapat siyang
manatiling matapat sa pamahalaan, a ahensyang kanyang
kinabibilangan at sa establishimentong kanyang
pinangangalagaan nang buong katapatan at kasipagan.
9. He shall diligently and progressively familiarize himself with
the rules and regulations laid down by his agency and that
of the customers or clients. Siya’y magiging matiyaga at
pag- iibayuhin ang sariling kaalaman tungkol sa mga
alituntunin na pinaiiral ng kanyang ahensya gayundin ng
kliyente nito.
10. He shall at all times be courteous, respectful and salute his
superior office government official and officials of the
establishments where he is assigned on company he is
supposed to serve. Siya’y magiging magalang sa lahat ng
oras at siya’y sasaludo sa kanyang mga pinuno, gayundin sa
opisyales ng pamahalaan at establisimyentong kanyang
tinatanuran.
11. He shall report for duty always in proper uniform and neat
in his appearance. Siya’y papasok sa tungkulin nang lagging
maayos ang uniporme at malinis ang hitsura.
12. He shall learn at heart strictly observe the laws and
regulations governing the use firearms. Pag-aaralan niya,
isasapuso o mememoryahin at mahigpit na ipatutupad ang
mga batas at alituntunin tungkol sa tamang pagami ng
baril.
CODE OF CONDUCT
(With Filipino Translation)
1. He shall carry with him at all time during his tour of duty his
license and identification card and duty detail order with an
authority to carry firearms. Sa lahat ng sandal nan aka duty,
dapat dala niya ang kanyang lisensya. ID at permit na
magdala ng baril o sandatang pumuputok.
2. He shall not use his licenses and other privileges, if any, to
the prejudice of the public, the client or customer and his
agency. Hindi niya dapat gamitin ang kanyang mga lisensya
o anumang karapatan na ikakapahamak ng madla, ng
kanyang kleyente at ng kanyang ahensya.
3. He shall not engage in any unnecessary conversation with
anybody except in the discharge of his duties or sit down
unless required by the nature of his work and shall at all
times keep himself alert during his tour of duty. Hindi siya
dapat sasali sa di importanteng usapan kahit kanino,
maliban lang kung kinakailangan sa kanyang tungkulin.
Hindi rin siya dapat maupo, liban lang kung kailangan
maupo upang magampanan ang kanyang tungkulin. Dapat
siyang laging alerto sa lahat ng sandali ng kanyang duty o
tungkulin.
4. He shall refrain from reading newspaper, magazines, books,
and etc. while in actual performance of his duties. Hindi siya
dapat magbasa ng diyaryo, magasin, libro o anumang
babasahin habang siya ay naka duty.
5. He shall not drink any intoxicating liquor immediately
before and during his tour on duty. Bago magsimulang
mag duty o habang naka duty, hindi siya dapat uminom ng
alak o inuming nakakalasing.
6. He shall not know the location of the alarm box near his
post and sound the alarm in case of fire or disorders. Dapat
alam niya ang kinalalagyan ng fire alarm box na malapit sa
kanyang pwesto at gamitin ito sa pagbibigay babala sa oras
ng sunog o anumang kaguluhan.
7. He shall know how to operate any fire extinguisher at his
post. Dapat alam niay kung paano ang paggamit ng fire
extinguisher na nasa pwesto niya.
8. He shall know the location of the telephone and/ or
telephone numbers of the police precincts as well as the
telephone numbers of the fire stations in the locality. Dapat
alam niya ang kinalalagyan ng telepono, gayundin ang mga
numero ng preseinto ng pulis at ng istasyon ng bomber sa
kanyang lugar.
9. He shall immediately notify the police in case of any sign of
disorder, strike and riot or any serious violations of the law.
Dapat niyang ipagbigay alam agad sa pulisya ang anumang
sinyales o ipahiwatig ng kaguluha, strikes, riot o malubhang
paglabag sa batas.
10. He or his groups of guards shall not participants or integrate
any disorder strike, riot or any serious violations of the law.
Siya, gayundin ang kanyang pangkat ng mga tanod ay di
dapat sumali o makisalamuha sa anumang gulo, strikes, riot
o malubhang paglabag sa batas.
11. He shall assist the police in the preservation and na siya ay maging karapat-dapat sa pagtitiwala at ng
maintenance of peace and order in the protection of life kleyenteng kanyang pinagsisilbihan.
and property having in mind that the nature of his
responsibilities is similar to that of the latter. Dapat siyang
tumulong sa pulis sa pananatili ng katahimikan at REPORT WRITING is the process of finalizing note taking wherein
kaayusan, pangalagaan ang buhay at ari-arian, dapat the six important elements of report writing is present.
niyang lagging isaisip na ang pulis at tanod ay pareho ang PURPOSE OF REPORT WRITING
responsibilidad.
1. To preserve knowledge.
12. He shall familiarize himself by heart with Private Security 2. To provide accurate details.
Agency Law (RA 5487 as amended) and its Implementing 3. To aid other personnel and agencies.
Rules and Regulations. Dapat kabisado niya ang batas na 4. To coordinate activities within the organization.
Private Security Agency Law, gayundin ang mga kaukulang
THREE STAGES OF REPORT
patakaran.
1. Initial or spot report.
13. When issued firearms he shall not lend his firearms to 2. Progress/ update report, subsequent details, which are vital
anybody. Hindi niya dapat ipahiram kahit kanino ang to the case under investigation or are, gathered which have
kanyang baril o sandatang pumuputok. not incorporated in the previous report.
3. Final report.
14. He shall always be in proper uniform and shall always carry
with him his basic equipment and requirements such as TWO KINDS OF REPORT
writing notebook, ball pen, night stick, and/ or radio. Sa
1. Written Report.
kanyang tungkulin, dapat lagi siyang nakasuot ng tamang
2. Oral or Verbal Report.
uniporme at dala-dala niya ang mga kailangan ng tanod
tulad ng kuaderno, panulat, baton at radio. SIX STEPS IN NOTE- TAKING TO BE ABLE TO WRITE GOOD
REPORTS
15. He shall endeavor at all times to merit and be worthy of the
trust and confidence of the agency he represents and the 1. Listening and hearing.
client he service. Pagsisikapin niya sa lahat ng pagkakataon 2. Comprehending.
3. Summarizing.
4. Digesting. written and the 3rd person referring to the investigator as
5. Alternating attention between note- taking and listening to this investigator.
the next discussion.
6. Rewriting the notes immediately into concise report. PARTS OF A GOOD REPORT

CARDINAL PRINCIPLES OF REPORT WRITING I. Administrative data

 Date (Complete: Date/Month/Year)
1. Accuracy- true presentation of facts.  File number
2. Completeness- requires the inclusions of all relevant,  Subject of title of the case
pertinent and material information.  Origin or office where it happened
 What- case or event
 Where- the place it happened (includes complete
address) II. Synopsis (Brief summary of the case)
 When- complete date and exact time it happened. What, Where, When, Who, Why, How (may be included
 Who- the persons involved. in the discussion)
 Why- the reasons for the happening or the reasons
of persons action III. Discussion (Observation or objective account of what
 How happened)
3. Brevity- eliminates all irrelevant, unessential and
unnecessary materials. It includes the ability to make report IV. Conclusion (Findings established by the evidence
unified, coherent and emphatic. gathered)
4. Fairness- the investigator should take the facts as he finds
them and if there are theories, it must be consistent with
the facts. V. Recommendation (Disposition taken by on the case,
5. Form and Style- the arrangements of materials presented taken to the police, forwarded to the barangay captain,
should make the report easy to read and comprehend. referred to the company personnel Chief, referred to
Form includes proper paragraphing, underscoring, the village officer.
capitalization and heading. The report should be written
clearly and concise in simple, direct Standard English,
 VI. Endorsement/ annexes (Documents, paper, Sample format of entries in the logbook:
paraphernalia and etc. attached or annexed as part of
the report.) S/G DELA CRUZ, J.C.
0700H- 1900H
LOGBOOK Main Entrance
February 01, 2005 (Sunday)
 Is a kind of notebook kept by security guard while rendering
duty. 0700H: Assumed duties and responsibilities taking over S/G Reyes,
R. Including the following item here under listed:
 Is an important equipment of security guards.
1. One (1) unit of Colt cal. 38 revolver with serial number
 Custodian of event for future reference. 755460 with five (5) ammos.
 Is considered material evidence in court. 2. One Metal Detector.
3. Bunch of keys (12) pcs.
THERE ARE FOUR MAJOR CONTENTS OF LOGBOOK 4. One(1) Handheld Radio

1. The number of the incident/event/activity as it happened in
chronological order (using the military time like 000H),
starting from last number when all the pages are already
consumed.
2. The date and time duly recorded.
3. The narration of the event/ incident/activity duly recorded.
4. Signature of the guard on post and the incoming guard.
IMPORTANCE OF LOGBOOK
 It serves as evidence.
 It serves as a guide.
 It serves as reminder.
 It serves as a daily journal.
1900H: Tour of duties ended. Endorsed and turnover the duties and
responsibilities to the incoming guard Reyes, R.C. the following:
One (1) unit of Colt cal. 38 revolver, with serial number 755460 with
five (5) ammos.
1. One Metal Detector.
2. Bunch of keys (12) pcs
3. One (1) Handheld Radio
REMARKS: No untoward incidents happened during my 12 hours
tour of duties.
NOTE: Computer key taken by Mr. Zialcita, J.M. from security
department at about 1550H, 01 February 2005.

HOW TO RECORD IN THE LOGBOOK Outgoing Guard INCOMING GUARD

The fact that a logbook is a record of events in the best arguments S/G DELA CRUZ, J.C. S/G REYES, R.C
to have at accomplish ACCURATELY, CLEARLY and SIMPLY.
G.O.D. S/G DELA CRUZ, J.C. S/G Dela Cruz J.C. S/G Reyes, M.M
T.O.D. 0700H- 1900H
P.O.D Parking REMINDERS: Observe 30 minutes interval in your logbook to
D.O.D February 01, 2005 (Sunday) avoid agency violations.

1900H: Received post, duties and responsibilities from the out-
going guard.
De Los Reyes, A.R. to include the following:
One (1) unit of Colt cal. 38 revolver, with serial number
755460 with five (5) ammos
1. One (1) Logbook
2. Bunch of keys (12) pcs.
3. One (1) Handheld Radio (Motorola) with extra batteries.
1905H: Immediately conduct routinary inspection within my area of
responsibilities (AOR) and observed nothing unusual in my
post.
1930H: Normal situations prevail at this time.
2000H: Mr. Villagracia, R.M. left the office on board vehicle with
plate number WRZ-680 Ford Terrano, Black.
2035H: “Brownout” occurred.
2100H: Power resumed.
0700H: Turned over duties as well as responsibilities to the
incoming guard Reyes, M.M. to include the following;
1. One (1) unit of Colt cal. 38 revolver, with serial number
755460 with five (5) ammos.
2. One (1) Logbook
3. Bunch of keys (12) pcs.
4. One (1) Handheld Radio (Motorola) with extra batteries.
REMARKS: Noted no problem during my tour of duty.
COMMUNITY RELATION
1. Public Relations-is the art of bringing about better public
understanding which gives greater public confidence for an
individual or an organization.
2. Ethics- is the practical science and treats of the principles of
human morality and duty.
3. Security Public Relations- is the continuing process by
which endeavors are made to obtain the goodwill and
cooperation of the public for the effective enforcement of
the rules regulations or laws affecting the establishment.
4. Human relations- consist of those fundamental precepts;
both moral and legal which govern the relationship of men
in all aspects of life.
OBJECTIVES OF PUBLIC RELATIONS
1. To maintain and develop the goodwill of the public for the
Security Force.
2. To obtain public cooperation.
3. To develop public understanding and appreciation for the
services of the Security Force.
4. To create a broader understanding of and sympathy with
the problems of the Security Force.
5. To facilitate enforcement of rules, regulations and laws.
6. To build public opinion in favor of the Security Force.
THREE STEPS IN BUILDING GOOD PUBLIC RELATIONS

Outgoing Guard Incoming Guard

1. The security guard must first put himself in good order by
observing proper decorum right ethical standards,
knowledge of his duties and a sincere desire the public.
2. The security force should prove to the public that it is an
organization created for the protection of life and property
of officials and employees of the institution as well as those
of the client.
3. The security guard as well as the security force should know
how to correct its mistakes and accepts constructive public
criticisms willingly.
GENERAL RULES AND OFFICIAL CONDUCTS OF SECURITY
GUARDS
1. The security guard shall be habitually courteous, they shall
recognize the responsibilities as public servants and shall be
particularly attentive to person seeking assistance or
information who desire to register complaints or give
evidence.
2. They shall accept their responsibility to the public by being
punctual and expedition in the performance of their duties.
3. They shall regard their position as a public trust and in the
discharge of their duties, constantly mindful of their primary
obligation to serve the public efficiently effectively.
4. They shall recognize the limitations of their authority and at
no time use the power their office for their own personal
advantage.
5. They shall be true to their obligations as custodian of the
property of the establishments and shall bear in mind that
the misuse and waste of establishment property is
reprehensible.
6. They shall add their effectiveness by diligent study and
sincere attention to self-improvement. They shall welcome
the opportunity to disseminate practical and useful
information relating to matters of public welfare and safety.
7. They shall so conduct their public and private life that the
public will regard them as examples of stability, fidelity and
morality.
8. They shall bear faithful allegiance to the constitution they
serve and be loyal to the calling. They shall accept as a
scared obligation their responsibility to safeguard the
officials, employees as well as the properties of the
establishment.
TEN COMMANDMENTS OF HUMAN RELATIONS
1. Speak to people. There is nothing as nice as cheerful
word of greeting.
2. Smile at people. It takes 65 muscles to frown; only 15 to
smile.
3. Call people by name. The sweetest music to anyone’s
ears is the sound of his own name.
4. Be friendly and helpful. If you have friends, be friendly.
5. Be cordial, speak and act as if everything you do were a
genuine pleasure.
6. Be genuinely interested in people you can like
everybody if you try.
7. Be generous with the feelings of others. It will be
appreciated.
8. Be considerate with the feelings of others. It will be
appreciated.
9. Be thoughtful of the opinions of others. There are three
sides to a controversy yours, the other fellow’s and the
right one.
10. Be ever alert to give service. What counts most in life is
what we do for others.
ARREST
ARREST is the taking of any person into the custody in order
that be maybe bound to answer for the commission of an
offense (Sec. 1, Rule 113, NCR|)
MANNER OF MAKING AN ARREST
1. An arrest is made by an actual restraint of the persons
to be arrested, or by his submission to the custody of
the person making the arrest.
2. No unnecessary or unreasonable force shall be used in
making an arrest and the persons arrested shall not be
subject to any greater restrain than is necessary for his
detention.
3. If in making an arrest the peace officer intentionally we
more force than is reasonable proper, he commits an
act of oppression.
4. If the offender resists, the peace officer may use such
force as maybe require under the circumstances to
overcome the resistance. However, an officer cannot us
force when no resistance are offered, or use force or
any violence which I disproportionate to the extent of
the resistance offered.
5. What is considered “necessary” or “reasonable” force
must be defended on the fact of each case. The force
which he may exert differs from that which may
ordinarily be offered in self-defense, since his duty is to
overcome his opponent.
6. Notoriety alone does not justify employment of force in
arresting a criminal. The fact that the persons is a
notorious criminal, a fugitive from justice and menace
to the peace of the community, these facts alone
constitute no justifications for killing him or using
unreasonable force or unnecessary force.
SEARCH WARRANT is an order in writing issued in the name
of the people of the Philippine, signed by the judge directed
to a peace officer, commanding him to search for personal
property described therein and bring it before the court
(Sec. 1, Rule 126 NRC).
ARREST WITHOU WARRANT-WHEN LAWFUL
1. Any peace officer or private person may arrest a person
without warrant of arrest:
a. When in his presence, the person to be arrested has
committed or is actually committing or is
attempting to commit an offence.
b. When an offence has in fact just been committed;
and he has personal knowledge of facts indicating
that the person to be arrested has committed it.
c. When the person to be arrested is a prisoner who
has escaped from a penal establishment or place
where he is serving final judgment or temporarily
confined while being transferred from one
confinement to another;
d. If a person lawfully arrested escapes or is rescued,
the person from whose custody he escapes or was
rescued may immediately pursue and retake him
without a warrant at any time and any place within
the Philippines (Sec 5, Rule 113 NCR).
2. Any statutory construction extending the right to make
arrest without a warrant beyond the cases allowed by
law is derogatory to personal liberty and is illegal.
OBSERVATION AND DESCRIPTION
OBSERVATION is the complete and accurate awareness by
an individual of his surrounding and it composes the use of
all major sense of an individual.
FIVE SENSES TO GET COMPLETE AND ACCURATE
DESCRIPTION
1. Sight 21. Ears-shape
2. Smell 22. Hand-shape of finger and peculiarities.
3. Hearing 23. Stomach-bulging, flat and trembling.
4. Touch 24. Walk/Galt-shuffling, limb, bowleg, flatfooted and knock
5. Taste knee.
25. Voice-accent, pitch.
DESCRIPTION the natural and factual reporting of one’s 26. Body-scars and marks.
observation on the experience recounted by another
person. BASIC INVESTIGATION AND PROCEDURE

PORTRAIT PARLE a spoken picture, it’s using descriptive
terms in relation to a personal features of an individual.
SHORT FORM OR EMERGENCY FORM OF PORTRAIT PARLE
1. Full Name
2. Alias or Nickname
3. Citizenship
4. Nationality
5. Sex
6. Height-Span of 5 inches
7. Age-Span 5 years
8. Weight-span of 10 lbs.
9. Built-include posture, chest and waist.
10. Complexion-fair, dark and brown.
11. Head-shape and peculiarities.
12. Hair-black, brown, white, straight, curly and kinky.
13. Forehead-slope, height and width.
14. Eyebrow
15. Eyes
16. Nose-base projection.
17. Laps-thickness, length of upper lips.
18. Mouth-size, peculiarities of the teeth.
19. Chins-outline of profile, size.
20. Face-shape, color and peculiarities.
Investigation is a planned and organized determination of
facts concerning specific events, occurrences or conditions
for a particular purpose. Is a search for truth by the use of
development of many arts.
Security is the protection of property for of all kinds from
loss through theft, Fraud fires or hazards.
Security Investigation is a planned and organized
determination of facts concerning specific loss or damage of
assets due to threats, hazard or unsecured conditions.
ELEMENTS OF INVESTIGATION
1. Investigator
2. Purpose
3. Subject of Investigator
SIX POINT OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS
1. WHAT specific offence has been committed?
2. HOW the offense was committed?
3. WHOM it was committed?
4. WHERE it was committed?
5. WHEN it was committed?
6. WHY it was committed?

THREE I’s OF INVESTIGATION
1. INFORMATION-knowledge that the investigator gathers
from other person (victim complainant, witness and
person subject of investigation).
2. INTERROGATION-the skillful questioning of witness as
well as suspects. As distinguish from interview which
means the simple questioning of a person who has no
personal reason to withhold information while
interrogation is the questioning of the suspect or the
other person who is reluctant to divulge information
concerning the offense under investigation.
3. INSTRUMENTATION-the application of instruments and
methods of physical sciences to the detection of crimes.
In other words the sum totals of the application of all
sciences in crime detection otherwise known as
criminalities.
THREE FOLD AIMS OF INVESTIGATION
1. To identify the offender
2. To locate the offender
3. To provide evidence of his/her guilt.
QUALITIES OF AN EFFECTIVE INVESTIGATION
1. It must be objective.
2. It must be thorough.
3. It must be relevant.
4. It must be accurate.
5. It must be current.
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO AN INVESTIGATION
1. Define the investigate problems-know your
requirements:
a. Know the reason for the investigation.
b. Know the particular phases or elements of
investigation assigned to the investigator.
c. Know whether the investigation is handled overtly
or discreetly.
d. Know the priority and suspense date assigned to
the investigation.
e. Know the origin of the information.
2. Collection of Relevant Data
a. Prepare a written investigate plan- represents a
guide for work. This covers:
 Information needed;
 Methods used in gathering information; and
 Location or sources of the information.
b. Methods and sources to be used. Methods available
to an investigator as follows:
 Personal observation;
 Use of agent/undercover;
 Surveillance;
 Raids and seizures; and
 Direct visits to the crime scene.
c. Study of documents or record
 Operational files;
 Identity of documents;
 Newspapers, books, periodicals etc.
 Correspondence, letters, mails, telegram
and etc. ; and
 Use of interrogation and interview.
d. Use of recruiter informants.
e. Liaison with agencies who possess the information.
3. Analysis and verification of information gathered
a. Analysis involves a study of the information in terms
of the questions so out to be answered.
  Data collected should be 2. To increase the probability of accuracy in security
appropriate/complete; and operational staff decisions.
 Information supplied must be factual.
b. Verification method involves: PRINCIPLES OF INTELLIGENCE
 Personal observation of the agent; 1. Timeless- recent or current event.
 Secure reliable statements from individuals 2. Foresight- useful in the future.
making personnel observation through 3. Flexibility- adaptable
experience; and 4. Security- confidential
 Documents or physical evidence- consulting
official records. STEPS IN THE INTELLIGENCE PROCESS
4. Drawing the conclusion- is the function and 1. Collation- the organization of raw data and information
responsibility of the person requesting the investigation into usable form, grouping similar items of information
to know the outcome of the investigation base on facts so that they will be readily accessible.
and circumstances. 2. Evaluation- the examination of raw information to
5. Drawing the Recommendation- it is the responsibility determine:
and obligation of the investigator to provide accurate a. Intelligence value
details and facts and establishing appropriate b. Pertinence of Information
recommendation. c. Reliability of the source and agency
d. Credibility or truth of the information
INTELLIGENCE AND INFORMATION GATHERING 3. Reliability Rating
a. Very reliable
Intelligence- as a process is the activity which treats b. Usually
processed information as basis of department policy and c. Fairy reliable
decision making. d. Unreliable
e. Cannot be judged
Security Intelligence- the product is resulting from data 4. Credibility Rating
gathering, evaluation, analysis, integration and a. Confirmed
interpretation of all available information concerning b. Probable
security operations. c. Possible
d. Not Possibly True
e. Improbable
f. Cannot be judge
PURPOSE OF INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES 5. Interpretation
1. To serve as the investigation arm of the security officer.
 1. Analysis- shifting and isolating elements which have
significance in the light of the mission or objective.
2. Integration- combining elements isolated in analysis
and known information to form a logical picture or
theory.
3. Deduction- formulation of conclusion of effect and
meaning of the information.
INFORMATION- knowledge communicated by others or obtained by
personal study and investigation, intelligence, knowledge derived
from reading, observation or introduction.
TYPES AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION
1. Records, as sources of information may either be public or
private.
a. Public records include all government administrative,
legislative or private.
b. Private Records include those kept by commercial
firms, credit institutions, banking facilities, companies,
newspaper files or magazines, hotel directories,
insurance companies, etc.
2. Modus Operandi File- both records give a comprehensive
life history of man until his journey through life,
achievements or failures in business, his aliments, his
associates, etc.
TWO KINDS OF SOURCE- PERSONS:
1. Informant- any person who provides information to an
investigator without any expectation or reward.
2. Informer- any person who provides information to an
investigator in return for a price or reward.
TYPES OF INFORMANTS
1. Voluntary Informants-those who knowingly and voluntarily
give information.
2. Involuntary Informants-those who give information even
though they do not desire or know that they are doing so.
3. Confidential Informants-those who are provide information
with the understanding that their identity will not be rev
4. Special Informants-those who, without concealment, supply
information. Such information may however, be classified.
5. Anonymous Informants-those who furnish information but
refuse to divulge her/his identity.
They are classified into:
1. Automatic-a person who gives information because of the
character of his position or duty.
2. Penetration-one who has been specially detailed to
penetrate a specific organization or target of intelligence
interest.
3. Full time-this major occupation is supplying information.
4. Ordinary-supplies information which he gives during his
normal daily routine.
TYPES OF INFORMER
1. Ordinary Informer-openly gives information, but expects
something in return, either money or favor.
2. Confidential Informer-confidentially provides information
with the understanding that his identity will not be divulged
and that he will be compensated either with the money or
favor.
MOTIVES FOR REVEALING INFORMATION
1. Vanity-to gain favorable attention from police authorities.
Delights in giving.
2. Fabrication-interested to see the justice be done public-
sprinted and wants justice done.
3. Fear-laboring under apprehension of personal anger and
has become suspicious of his coheres and fears.
4. Repentance-change of heart for the good. The criminal
whose conscience bothered and makes a clean beast of his
guilt.
5. Avoidance of Punishment-cohered and sees possibility of a
“way out” to clear himself by reveling information of value
to the authority.
6. Gratitude or Gain-willingness to cooperate to express
appreciation or gain privilege.
7. Competition-wants to eliminate competition.
8. Revenge-to settles a grudge.
9. Jealousy-driven by envy or shunned by personal informed
upon.
10. Remuneration-solely for the pecuniary or other material
gift.
TREATMENT OF INFORMANTS
1. Treat fairly regardless of character, occupation or
education.
2. Run the show. Do not allow informant to take over the
investigation.
3. Be scrupulously exact in financial transactions.
4. Keep your promise under all conditions to avoid loss of
informant.
5. Do not adopt informer’s standard. Be yourself. A change
may lead to loss informant and compromise your credibility.
6. Avoid using him in court. Your success will not save him;
instead, he will avoid you.
7. Use of derogatory names should be avoided when referring
to informants.
8. Concealment of information at face value. Then check.
9. Accept all information at face value. Then check and
evaluate they may be of value in the future if not present.
10. Maintain fairness. Such information is very important. The
grapevines travel fast later is shunned by informants and
informers.
PHYSICAL SECURITY SYSTEM
PHYSICAL-any facility, equipment, material including document.
SECURITY-the state being safe or freedom from loss and
damage.
SYSTEM-defense plan or protective operating procedure.
PHYSICAL SECURITY SYSTEM-measures adapted to prevent
unauthorized access to facilities, equipment, materials and
documents to safeguard them against loss damage and
pilferage.
BARRIER-structure capable of reflecting, preventing or delaying
illegal access.
PHYSICAL SECURITY-a system of barriers placed between
potential intruders and the matters to be protected.
PRINCIPLE OF PHYSICAL SECURITY
1. The types of access will depend to upon a number of
variable factors and may be achieved in a number of ways.
2. There are no impenetrable barriers.
3. Defense in depth means barriers after barriers.
4. Delays provide against surreptitious and non-surreptitious
entry.
5. Each installation must be different.
FIVE TYPES OF BARRIER STAGES OF FIRE
1. Human barriers-security guards, employee, police, etc. 1. Incipient Stage-there is no visible smoke or flame.
2. Animal barrier-dog (k9), geese, etc. 2. Smoldering Stage-there is smoke but no flame.
3. Natural barriers-geographical measures like river, cliffs, 3. Flame Stage-actual fire exists and heat builds on.
ravine, etc. 4. Heat Stage-there is uncontrolled spread or superheated air.
4. Energy barrier-electronic device, metal detector, etc.
5. Structural barrier-walls, doors, locks, fence, fire walls, grills, CLASSES OF FIRE AND ITS EXTINGUISHER
etc. 1. Class “A”-fire involves ordinary combustible materials such
as wood, cloths, paper, trash, plastic and upholstery.
TWO KIND OF FENCE
1. Solid USE WATER TO EXTINGUISH CLASS “A” FIRES SODA ACID OR
2. Full view FOAM EXTINGUISHERS CAN ALSO BE USED.

THREE MAIN LINE OF DEFENSE 2. Class “B”-fire occurs out of flammable liquids and gases
1. Perimeter-walls and fences. such as gasoline, oil, case paints, kerosene, solvents, etc.
2. Building exterior-walls, ceilings, roofs and floors of the
building. DRY POWDER FOAM VAPORIZING LIQUID OR CARBON
3. Building interior or interim-areas within the building DIOXIDE EXTINGUISHERS ARE FOR CLASS “B” FIRES.
(rooms, vaults).
3. Class “C”-fire originates from energized electric equipment,
FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL wiring, fuse boxes and appliances.
FIRE-is a simply the perceptible phase of burning or combustion
or oxygen in the air with carbon contained in matters. Fire has CLASS “C” FIRES CALL FOR NON CONDUCTIVE DRY POWDER,
three elements, as follows: CARBON DIOXIDE OR VAPORIZING LIQUID.
1. Oxygen
2. Heat 4. Class “D”-fires involves combustible metals such as
3. Fuel magnesium, potassium and other similar metals.

Combustion-the act or process of burning. How to use fire extinguisher:

1. Pull the pin.
Flames-are resultant gases, which on being released reach 2. Aim the nozzle.
incandescence and provide illumination. 3. Squeeze the lever or handle.
4. Sweep side by side, do it following the direction of the air.
FIGHTING FIRES Role of first aider
1. It is the bridge that fills the gap between the victims and the
If fire breakouts, immediate correct action gives the best chance physician.
of putting it out quickly, reducing the danger to life and keeping 2. It ends when the service of the physician begins.
damage to a minimum. If you find a fire, remember these six 3. It is not intended to compete with or to take the place of a
steps to SAFETY: physician.
S-sound the alarm
A-advice fire brigade Needs and Values of First Aid
F-fight fire 1. To minimize, if not totally prevent, accident.
E-evacuate 2. To prevent added injuries or danger.
T-tell others 3. To train people to do the right things at the right time.
Y-you get clear 4. Accidents happen and sudden illnesses are common and
often serious.
FIRST AID 5. People very often harm rather than help.
6. Immediate and continuing care is needed to save life or
First Aide-is an immediate care given to a person who is injured limb.
accidentally and/or the assistance rendered before definitive
treatment can be carried out and usually performed at the SHOCK
scene of the accident. Shock is a general depression of all functions of the body.

Objective Management of Shock

1. To alleviate pain. 1. Proper Position
2. To prevent added injuries. a. Elevate the lower parts of the body.
3. To prolong life. b. For patient with chest injuries or difficulty of breathing,
4. To save life-when blood vessel have been cut in accident, raise the head and shoulder slightly, or keep the
there may be a few minutes available in which to save life, extremities flat.
out the skilled first aider is in position to stop the bleeding. c. If you suspect that the patient has neck or back injury,
5. To produce improvement. keep them flat on their back and wait for the
6. To prevent complication. emergency medical system to arrive.
7. To prepare for medical treatment. d. If the patient vomits, roll him as a unit to one side, and
8. To assist the doctor. wipe the mouth with clean piece of cloth tp avoid
9. To obtain understanding. aspiration.
 2. Proper temperature and ventilation
a. Maintain body temperature with blanket or other
available materials.
b. In cold weather, apply additional heat.
c. Removed and replace wet clothing.
Types of Shock
1. Traumatic shock-due to the accident itself.
2. Nervous or psychic-blood will cause a person to go into
shock.
3. Symptomatology-consist of a feeling.
Modern-day Terrorist
1. Fanatical foreign government-government or state who
invades other sovereign state.
2. Religious Fundamental who detonated New York, world
trade Center in September 11, 2002.
3. Race-hater (like America’s domestic terrorist: black against
white)
4. Eco-terrorist –like the right extremist such as the
homosexual; crusaders like the anti-abortion, etc.)
5. Government – haters (those who make violence attack to
the government; those who overthrown the government.

Types of Bleeding How Terrorists Operate

1. Capillary bleeding-bluish in color.
2. Venous bleeding-dark, red.
3. Arterial bleeding-bright red.
Types of Wounds
1. Open wound-skin is incised or torn.
a. Abrasion-scratch over the skin.
b. Incised-caused by sharp objects.
c. Lacerated-inflicted by blunt objects.
d. D-penetrated or punctured-results of penetrating skin.
Terrorism requires human participants who can be led to
take part in acts of violence against innocent other, in order to
achieve some identifiable “greater purpose”. Some of the
identifiable acts are the following:
1. Bomb explosion or weapon of mass destruction;
2. Charismatic speakers/writers “(educated people);
3. Computer information services or networks; and
4. Governmental agents (active government employees with
high positions; peace officer).

2. Contused or close wound-skin is not penetrated. Common Actions of Terrorists

TERRORISM 1. Bombing
Terrorism is a pre-meditated, politically, religiously motivated 2. Hostage taking
violence perpetuated against non-combatant targets by 3. Assassination
substantial or clandestine state or stateless agents usually 4. Arms attack
intended to influence and audience.
BOMB THREAT AWARENESS Components of Bomb
Bomb is a hollow projectile containing unstable or incendiary a. Explosive
chemical ready to explode anytime upon ignition, detonation or b. Detonating Cord
concussion. c. Blasting Cap
d. Time Fuse
Threat is an expression or warning of intent to do harm e. Power Supply

Classifications of Bomb Bomb Identification

a. Explosives-explodes and shocks or impacts.
b. Incendiaries-explodes and sets fire
General Kinds of Bomb
a. Military Ordinance-legal and issued to authority.
b. Commercial-factorized
c. Improvised Explosive Devices (IED)
Reasons why bombing is done.
a. Because of political Ideology (Leftist, Rightist in the
government).
b. Wants to disrupt formal operations (Sabotage).
c. Because of business rivalry.
d. Because of jealousy, anger and vengeance.
What is Deadly in a Bomb?
a. Shrapnel-a projectile filled with bullets.
b. Thick black smoke.
c. Gravitational impact-repulsion, impact.
d. Fire-as in incendiaries, grenade launcher.
e. Mental anguish-shock leads to phobia or brain disorder.
a. Presence of small wire.
b. Presence of small batteries.
c. Pungent odor (Na, NACL, Urine).
d. Ticking sounds.
e. Package is delivered by unknown person (ayaw
magpakilala).
f. Unbalanced weight/tightly wrapped.
g. Oily stains.
h. Letter/parcels (wrong addresses, misspelled name).
What to do in case the bomb is real.
a. Evacuate to at least 300 ft. away.
b. Call PNP Bomb Disposal Unit.
c. Do not allow re-entry of personnel unless declared safe by
the PNP.
d. Be alert for secondary explosion.
e. Call fire department, medical team, ambulance or hospital.
f. Secure the area or cordon the area.
g. Inform the building manager/plant manager.
h. Prepare and submit report to the proper authorities.
IDENTIFICATION AND ACCESS CONTROL Kinds of Position
1. Prone position
Identification-to know the condition or state of being a specific 2. Sitting position
person or things has 3. Squatting position
4. Kneeling position
Control-to have authority, to regulates, direct, dominates 5. Standing position
situations.
How to get a Correct Sight Alignment
Process of Identification 1. Look to the rear sight.
1. Personal knowledge. 2. Move your rifle until an imaginary vertical line is passing
2. Affirmation of witnesses. through the center of the rear sight with the front sight post
3. Identification papers such as ID, certificate and centered on it.
photographs. 3. Horizontal imaginary line is passing through the center on
the top of the front post.
System Control 4. Front sight wings are equally distributed to the side.
1. Gate pass
2. Badge FIREARMS TRAINING
3. Logbook recording Firearm-deadly weapon from which ammunition may be
4. Enforcement of safety/security rules. discharged by gunpowder.
5. Firearms deposit slip or firearms receipt. Ammunition-loaded shell from which a bullet may fire by
gunpowder.
MARKSMANSHIP, GUN SAFETY AND HANDLING Loose Firearm-unlicensed firearm in the possession of an
Marksmanship is the skillful art of shooting and hitting a target unauthorized person.
at a given distance. Abandoned Firearm-deposited in the custody of the PNP which
is deemed forfeited by the government by the owner unless
Elements of Good Positions reclaimed by him within one year.
1. Bone support (weight of rifle must be supported by the
bone not by muscles). FIREARMS DEFINITION
2. Muscular relaxation (never apply tension); and The term firearms may be defined either in “legal” or
3. Natural point of aims (adjusts your body and rifle together). “technical” aspects.
a. “LEGAL” definition-may be found in Section 877 of our
Revised Administrative Code as well as in Section 290 of our
National Internal Revenue Code, and this runs as follows:
 Sec. 877 “FIREARMS” or “ARMS” as herein used includes
rifles, muskets, carbines, shotguns, pistols, revolvers and all
other deadly weapons from which bullets, balls, shots,
shells or other missiles may be discharged by means of
gunpowder or other explosives. This term also includes air
rifles except such as being of small caliber and of limited
range use as toys. The barrel of any firearm shall be
considered a complete firearm for all purposes hereof.
b. “TECHNICAL” definition-a firearm is an instrument used
from the propulsion of projectile by means of the expansive
force of the expansive force of gasses coming from burning
gunpowder.
CARRYING OF FIREARMS
Firearms should be carried only by the security guard:
1. During tour of duty;
2. When in proper uniform;
3. When there is mission order;
4. Within the premises; and
5. When escorting big amounts of cash/valuables.
Anyone who acts in defense of his right may not incur criminal
liability provided that:
1. It is unlawful aggression;
2. It is reasonable necessity of the means involved to prevent
such act; and
3. There is lack of sufficient provocation on the part of the
person defending himself.
Before shooting, the following should be considered:
1. Nature of the offense;
2. Your own safety; and
3. Safety of innocent persons.
PROPER USE OF FIREARMS
1. Do not play with your firearm-remember that what you are
carrying is a deadly weapon capable of killing and it has
been said several times in the part that “Empty Gun Kills a
Man”. Do not form the habit of squeezing the trigger unless
you have verified with your own eyes that the chamber is
empty.
2. Does not mix alcohol with gun powder-when you are drunk
do not carry firearms or do not employ the use of firearms
after you have a drinking spree.
3. Do not shoot at soft surface like water & bard surfaces like
cements walls or cement floors-there is possibility that the
bullet will not penetrate and it will ricochet or bounce and
you might hit somebody.
4. Shoot a target and do not point the gun elsewhere except
the target-nobody wants to be the line of fire. Make sure
that the muzzle of the gun is pointed towards the sky or
towards the sky or towards the ground after firing.
5. Do not draw the gun unless to shoot-if it is a revolver, keep
it always inside your holster or otherwise you drop it and it
will accidentally and you might hit yourself or somebody or
you might damage the firearms.
6. If you want to target shooting, do it inside a firing range
under a controlled condition and supervision of firing
range officer-it is not only unlawful but also dangerous to
do target shooting inside the place places you are guarding.
7. Unload the gun when giving it to somebody-the gun might
drop and fire and you might hit yourself or somebody else.
Always empty the gun during turnover from the outgoing to
the incoming guard/s for accounting of ammos and
inspection of firearms. Accidental fire always happens with
the shotgun, rifle and pistol for failure to make the proper
turnover of firearms and ammos.
8. Always keep your firearms clean and oiled but care must be
exercised not to all the ammos. Dirty and rusty firearms
sometimes backfire.
9. Inspect the barrel of the gun before firing. The barrel might
be clogged and it will backfire.
10. Do not lend or give your firearms to anybody even to your
co guard on/off duty except to authorized person from
your agency or police officer-you might be killed by your
own firearms.
11. When the firearm is not in use, keep it in a safe and secured
place out of reach of unauthorized persons.
12. Do not or unload your firearms in the presence or in the
midst of a crowd. It is not only annoying but also dangerous.
13. Report to office the defects of firearm together with the
one responsible.
CARDINAL PRINCIPLES OF GUN SAFETY
1. Treat every gun is loaded.
2. Do not mix alcohol with gun powder.
3. Do not shoot at soft surface like water and hard surface like
cement wall or cement floor.
4. Shoot the target and do not point the gun elsewhere.
5. Do not draw the gun unless to shoot.
6. If you want to do target shooting do it inside the firing range
under control condition and supervision of firing range
officer.
VALUES EDUCATION
Moral
-Pertains to character, conduct, intention, social relation, etc.
-Pertains to conscience or to the general principles of right
conduct.
-Enforceable only by conscience or by the principle of right
conduct, as distinguished from positive law.
-Depending upon or resulting from probability, raising a brief or
conviction in the mind independent of strict of legal proof.
-Involving or affecting the moral sense, as in the phrase-moral
insanity.
MORAL LAW-the law of conscience, the aggregate of those
rules and principles or ethics which relate to right or wrong
conduct and prescribe the standards to which the action of men
should conform in their dealing with each other.
TOTAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (THD)
The word development comes from the Latin word de velore, de
meaning to remove and velore, meaning veil. Total Human
Development (THD) means removal from a person that “veil”
that covers his character. This “viel” is an obstacle to life and
thus hinders self-development.
The Three Human Components
1. People must have a will to generate self-development.
2. People must decide the will to improve self.
3. People must generate self-power as a basis for decision-
making.
The Three Human Components
Man is made up the three (3) components:
1. Body (Physical)
2. Mind (Psychological)
3. Spirit (Spiritual)
Mind (Corresponding the personal of one)
1. Attribute of Mind-Intellect, Emotional/Feeling will (Power
to give reasons)
2. Needs of the mind-Love, Justice, Truth.
 Spirit-corresponding to that personality that responds to Godly
values.
1. Attributes of the Spirit-actuation, communication,
conscience.
2. Needs of the Spirit-peace, patience, listening, kindness,
sharing respect, joyful, forgiveness.
Remission of the Sin of Man
Faith in Son of Man Jesus Christ
Repentance and Baptismal
Receive the gift of the Holy Spirit
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FILIPINO
1. Exercise your rights and freedom in the spirit of human
solidarity.
2. Respect and defend the rights and freedom of others.
3. Assert, defend and protect your sovereignty.
4. Preserve and enhance your culture and identity.
5. Develop and use your own abilities, talents, qualities and
resources for the betterment of society.
6. Respect and obey the laws of your country.
7. Denounce and resist violations and promote the basic rights
and freedom.

HUMAN WEAKNESSES (VEILS) WEAKNESSES OF PINOY WORKERS

1. Katakawan (greed) (From Pinoy Management by Ernesto Franco)
2. Katamaran (laziness)
3. Kayabangan (pride) 1. Walang bilib sa sarili (No self-confidence) Filipino generally
4. Kainggitan (envy) has low self-esteem, which leads to fear of failure and being
adverse to challenges.
GODLY VALUES 2. Colonial Mentality-Filipino views anything and everything
Peace - Humility foreign as superior to those made by engaging in illegal
Patience - Understanding schemes and question project.
Perseverance - Listening 3. Crab Mentality-this refers to the Filipino’s lack of
Truth - Kindness consistency and thereof there is always a need for follow
Trust - Sharing and guidance. Again this refers to a lack of determination
Concern - Respects and self-discipline that is the root of most personal
Content - Joyfulness problems.
Forgiveness 4. Ningas Cogon-this refers to the Filipino’s lack of consistency
PRINCIPLES OF DIGNITY and therefore there is always a need for follow-up and
I am somebody. guidance. Again this refers to a lack of determination and
I gain by imparting, learn by teaching and receive by giving. self-discipline that is the root of most personal problems.
I must recognize the importance of God in my life.
TRADITIONAL FILIPINO VALUES
(From Negotiating by Filipino Values, by Dr. Tomas Andres)
1. Families-giving priority to the needs of the family, including
extended family members (cousins, aunts, ninongs,
inaanaks. Etc.)
2. Utang na Loob-the act of pagbibigyan and pagpapalitan in
response to a favor received from another.
3. Pakikisama-or ordinance to the social norms of one’s group.
4. Sariling Sikap-Self-reliance
5. Pagkakaisa-Unity
6. Damayan at Bayanihan-helping one’s neighbor or friend.
REQUIREMENT FOR KNOWING-ONESELF
1. Understanding oneself
2. Knowing the importance of man in relation to society.
3. Need to educate one.
4. Need to reform the whole system of the human body.
THE TWO GREATEST COMMANDMENTS OF HUMAN CONDUCT
I. “And thou shall love the lord thy God with all thy heart,
and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all
my strength”.
II. “Thou salt love thy neighbor as thy self”. Mark 12:30-31
THE PRINCIPLE OF SELF-DEVELOPMENT
Three (3) Powers of Self Development
a. Self-Motivation
b. Self-Direction
c. Self-propulsion
THE SEVEN (7) BASIC HABIT OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE PRIVATE
SECURITY PERSONNEL
1. Be Proactive
2. Begin with the end in mind.
3. Put First Things First “Use FIFO”.
4. Think Win-Win
5. Seek first to understand then to understood.
6. Synergize
7. Sharpen the SAW.
IN AN ORDERLY SEQUENCE OF GROWTH
1. The habit of personal effectiveness and private victories.
2. The habit of Interpersonal effectiveness and private
victories.
3. The habit of self-renewal in order to cultivate the first 6
habit.
Reference: S. Coveys Seven Basic Habits of Highly Effective
People.
SEVEN (7) STRENGHTS OF THE FILIPINO CHARACTER
1. Close Human Relation (pakikipagkapwa).
2. Family Oriented (makapamilya).
3. Sense of Humor (mahilig magpatawa).
4. Easily Adjusted & Creative (madaling makibagay at
malikhain).
5. Endurance & Industry (matiyaga at masipag).
6. Faith and Responsibility (pananampalataya at
pagkarehilyosa).
7. Ability to survive (kakayahang mabuhay).
*Rooted in our Strength such as positive View in Life, Easily
Adjusted in life, endurance and Faith in God.
SEVEN (7) WEAKNESSES OF THE FILIPINO CHARACTER
1. Extreme Personalism (Masyadong Personal).
2. Extreme Family Centeredness (Masyadong Makapamilya).
3. Lack of Discipline.
4. Lack of Concern and Initiative (Mapagwalang-bahala at
walang kusa).
5. Colonial Mentality (Kaisipang Kolonyal).
6. Kanya-kanyang syndrome (Tendency to become selfish).
7. Lack of Self Value and Introspection.
Giving little/no importance of value of self-analysis and identify
as Filipino.
BEST ATTITUDE
Aiming for quality of works.
High quality in one’s work is most desirable. The security
personnel who deliver consistently high quality service and
performance are the one who gets ahead faster and derives
longer lasting sense of fulfillment from work.
Whatever you do-whether it be simply manning your post or
directing traffic flow in the parking area, you can be high class
security personnel by aiming quality at work.
HOW IT HIS ACHIEVED?
Recognized the most common enemies of quality.
a. Lack of PROPER TRAINING or skills competency to perform
the task.
b. Lack of concern for the job or the “Bara-bara” mentality,
“Matapos lang, ayos na” Bahala na system.
c. Materialistic attitude towards work-when all one cares
about is immediate material gain, not future reputation or
track records.
d. Biting more than one could chew as in the case of security
personnel who connived with his reliever to render
unauthorized 24hrs straight duty so they can have two (2)
days uninterrupted day-off. His alertness level deteriorates
and ends up too weak and sleepy to render his given duty
with his AOR.
GENDER AWARENESS AND DEVELOPMENT-Also known as
“Women in development and Nation Building Act (RA 7192)”
Aim of GAD
Advancing the cause of woman as partners in providing services
and protection to the people and community.
GENDER ROLES & ATTRIBUTES ARE NOT NATURAL AND
BIOLOGICAL GIVE.
Examples of this are concept such as:
 Masculinity vs. Femininity
 Dominant Males vs. Submissive Female
 Strong Men vs. Weak Women
 Blue as color attributed to the boys and pink to the girls.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SEX AND GENDER?
SEX-Physical characteristic pertaining to a person’s body contour,
features, genitals and reproductive organs.
 Label of being Female or Male, Woman or Man, Girl or
Boys.
GENDER-the social differentiated ROLES, CHARACTERISTIC
ATTRIBUTED CULTURE to Women and Men.
 A social construction which is created, produced and
reproduced and maintain social institution.
WHAT IS GENDER AWARENESS AND DEVELOPMENT or GAD?
GAD recognizes that gender biases-impede development because:
 They preventing people from attaining their full potentials
that enable them to become effective contributors to a
beneficiary of development.
 They exacerbate social inequity and inequality, which are
the end goals of development.
 They distort the understanding of social realities and limit
the impact of development.
 It is about being faithful to the principle that development is
for all.
FAIRNESS AND EQUALITY demand that everyone in society,
whether male or female has the right to the same opportunities to
achieve a full and satisfying life.
WHY DOES GAD FOCUS ON WOMEN’S PLACE IN DEVELOPMENT?
 Women are half of the country’s population and such as,
half of the producers or economic goods and services.
 They are already in the money economy but in being so
they experiences such hardships as multiple roles and
insight to share.
GAD PLAN
 Is one of the tools to facilitate gender mainstreaming.
 Is a set of interventions that are designed to make agency
and Local Government Unit (LGU) Regular
Program/Project/Activities Gender Rsponsive.
END GOAL
 Is to enable both women and men to equally contribute to
and benefit from fruits of development.
MOVERS OF GAD
 Top Management Official in the Central and Regional
Offices, who will act as change sponsors for gender-
responsive development.
 Planning Staff who will coordinate efforts to develop a
gender-responsive information base, as well as to monitor
gender-responsive program/projects.
 Administrative Staff whose appreciation of gender-
responsive programs is important for the allocation of
needed resources.
 Program implanters and service delivery personnel who
directly work with the client groups.
ARTICLE II OF REVISED PENAL CODE JUSTIFYING CIRCUMSTANCES
The following do not incur any criminal liability:
1. Anyone who acts in defense of his person or rights provided
that the following circumstances occur.
First. Unlawful aggression.
SECOND. Reasonable necessity of the means employed to prevent
or repel it.
Third. Lack of sufficient provocation on the part of the person
defending himself.
The justifying circumstances by subject are as follows:
a. Self-defense;
b. Defense of relatives;
c. Defense of strangers;
d. State of necessity;
e. Fulfillment of a duty; and
f. Obedience to superior order.
Unlawful aggression is of two kinds:
a. Actual-actual unlawful aggression means an attack with
physical force or with a weapon.
Ex:
1.) A slap on the face.
2.) An insult with physical assault.
b.) Imminent-imminent unlawful aggression means an attack
which is impending or at a point of happening.
Ex:
Aiming a revolver at another with intent to shoot another or
opening a knife and making a motion as if to attack.
2. Anyone who acts in defense of the person or rights of his
spouse, ascendants, descendants, or legitimate, natural or
adopted brothers or sisters, or of his relatives by affinity in
the same degrees the first and second requisites prescribed
in the next preceding circumstance are present and the
further requisite, in case the provocation was given by the
person attacked, that the one making defense has no part
therein.
3. Anyone who acts in defense of the person or rights of a
stranger, provided the first and second requisites
mentioned in the first circumstance of this article are
present and that the person defending be not induced by
revenge, resentment or evil motive.
4. Any person who, in order to avoid an evil or injury, does an
act which causes damage to another, provided that the
following requisites are present.
First: That the evil sought to be avoided actually exists.
Second: That the injury feared be greater than that done to
avoid it.
Third: That there is no other practical and less harmful means of
preventing it.
5. Any person who acts in the fulfillment of a duty or in the
lawful exercise of a right or office.
6. Any person who acts in obedience to an order issued by a
superior for some lawful purpose.
KIDNAPPING-Taking away of person by force against his will, usually
with a demand for ransom.
ABDUCTION-Taking away of person by force, usually to minors,
female, not necessary with demand for ransom.
KIDNAPPING & ABDUCTION (REVISED PENAL CODE-Crime against
liberty & security of a person).
a. Art. 267-Kidnapping with serious illegal detention.
b. Art. 268-Slight illegal detention.
c. Art. 269-Unlawful arrest.
d. Art.270-Kidnapping & Failure to return a minor.
KIDNAPPING-HEINOUS CRIME
 Any private individual who shall detain another, deprive
him of his liberty, shall suffer the penalty of reclusion
perpetual to death, Art. 267- Revised Penal Code.
KIDNAPPING FOR RANSOM-unlawful taking and carrying away of
person by force fraud, against his ill, depriving liberty, for the
purpose of extorting money or ransom, for the release of the said
victim.
KINDS OF KIDNAPPING
1. CRIMINAL KIDNAPPING-Ransom is asked, force, torture the
victims or even kill the victims.
 2. POLITICAL KIDNAPPING-matter of political ideology, no HOW TO PREVENT KIDNAPPING
ransom, not hurt or killed. 1. If you are being followed, go to the nearest PNP station.
2. Do not entertain strangers.
REASONS FOR KIDNAPPING 3. Do not give the phone number of your boss to anybody.
1. Economic gain. 4. Do not drive or walk in dark and unpopulated areas.
2. Political ideology. 5. Do not display your wealth.
3. To gain recognition. 6. Always security conscious.
4. Broaden criminal syndicate operations. 7. Always close and lock the doors/gates.
5. Recruit more members. 8. Know the nearest PNP Station.
9. Apply perimeter lights.
PENALTY 10. Beware of suspicious looking persons.
1. Reclusion Perpetua
2. Death Penalty Car napping-Taking away of any personal vehicle by force or
3. Depending on the attachment or actions, implications of the violence, with or without the knowledge of the owner.
case.
Hijacking-taking away of valuables items inside the vehicle by force,
HOW KIDNAPPING IS DONE while the vehicle is traveling along the way.

MODUS OPERANDI-manner of methods of operation, how a crime Modus Operandi of Carnappers

is done. 1. The group preys on wealthy victims who reside in posh
subdivisions/villages in Metro Manila. They conduct
STAGES: casing/surveillance on probable targets before executing
1. PLANNING-spotter, informer. plans. They strike their victims with force when the victims
2. SURVEILLANCE-close watch of persons, vehicle or objects in are about to get out/in of their gates.
order to know their activities and gather evidence, i.e., 2. Forcibly take at gunpoint prospective targets usually at
know a target person’s where about. commercial parking areas.
3. TIMING-actual kidnapping. 3. Pretend as police/military personnel in staging carnapping
4. RANSOM negotiations. activities.
4. The carnapping syndicates usually operate using carnapped
WHERE TO REPORT: vehicles.
1. PACER-operation center-724-73-78 5. Face lifting or repainting is immediately done after the
2. PNP Central Operation’s Center-721-86-13/721-18-74 carnapping incident.
6. Sells stolen vehicles to unsuspecting buyers by providing
spurious LTO documents.
 7. Carnappers disguise themselves as hitchhikers.
8. Syndicate usually flags down there would-be victims and at
gunpoint hold their prey.
9. They utilize assorted instruments to forcibly open the door
of target vehicles.
Tips to KEEP
1. Never park in dimly lit places or areas.
2. Never stay inside the car while it is parked as hooligans
could just point a weapon or gun at you and take your car
easily.
3. Never entrust your car keys to a stranger, not even to
mechanics, who could have the keys duplicated.
4. Never leave your doors unlocked or have your windows
open when driving, especially through a crowded area.
5. Never leave you doors unlocked when you park your car.
6. Never leave valuables, bag and cellphones in your car while
it is parked as these may tempt hooligans to break into your
car and steal not only your valuables but your car as well.
7. Never trust hitchhikers, especially beautiful women. They
serve only as lovely baits.
To be safe DO the following:
1. Invest and install an alarm system for your car.
2. Install a hidden master switch for your engine.
3. Try to remove a small but valuable part of your engine that
would make it impossible for your car to run like the ignition
coil, safety switch or the rotor.
ROBBERY AWARENESS AND COUNTER MEASURES
ROBBERY-taking of personnel properties, properties belonging to
another with intent gain and committed with the use of force and
intimidation of person and force upon thing.
THEFT-Taking of personal properties belonging to another with
intent to gain and committed without the use of force and
intimidation and without force upon things.
ROBBERY IN BAND-Robbery committed by more than three armed
men.
QUALIFIED THEFT-Taking the personal property with grave abuse of
confident committed by servant, employee or etc.
PILFERAGE-Person authorized to a certain area and steal little by
little.
HIJACKING-Taking away of valuables items inside the vehicle by
force, while the vehicle is travelling along the way.
ABDUCTION-Taking away of person by force, usually to minors,
female, not necessary with demand for ransom.
KIDNAPPING & ABDUCTION-Crime against liberty & security of
persons.
1. Art. 267- Kidnapping with serious illegal detention.
2. Art. 268- Slight Illegal Detection.
3. Art. 269- Unlawful Arrest.
4. Art. 270- Kidnapping & Failure to return a minor.
ELEMENTS OF ROBBERY
1. Taking of personal property.
2. Property taken belongs to another.
3. With intent to gain.
4. Committed with the use of violence.
5. Applying force upon things.
ELEMENTS OF THEFT
1. Taking of personal property.
2. Property belongs to another.
3. With intent to gain & without the consent of the owner.
4. Committed without the use of violence.
5. Without force upon things.
 MODUS OPERANDI
CLASSIFICATION OF THEFT 1. CASING (TARGET SELECTION)
1. Taking of personal property. 2. SURVEILLANCE STAGE
2. Property belongs to another.  Determine the time of opening and closing.
3. With intent to gain & without the consent of the owner.  Determine the time, large amount is present.
4. Committed without the use of violence.  Determine the alertness of guards and employees.
5. Without force upon things.  Determine the location and kind of an alarm or detector
used.
 Determine the number of guards and time of break
CLASSIFICATION OF THEFT time.
1. Simple theft 3. PLANNING STAGE
2. Qualified theft  Determine time and climate.
3. Theft by failing to deliver lost and found property.  Time to execute robbery.
4. Entering an enclosed area where prohibition is clear.  Who will responsible in different action to be done?
 Alternatives in case plan A will not work (plan B,C,D)
TWO KINDS OF PILFERAGE 4. ACTUAL OPERATION OF ROBBERY
1. Casual as opportunity.
2. Systematic-based on plan. HOW KIDNAPPING IS DONE
1. PLANNING-spotter, Informer.
TWO KINDS OF KIDNAPPING: 2. SURVEILLANCE-close watch of persons, vehicle or objects in
order to know their activities and gather evidence-know
CRIMINAL KIDNAPPING-ransom is asked, force, torture the victims whereabouts.
or even kill the victims. 3. TIMING-actual kidnapping.
POLITICAL KIDNAPPING-matter of political ideology, no ransom, not 4. RANSOM NEGOTIATION
hurt or killed.
PENALTY
REASONS FOR KIDNAPPING 1. Reclusion Perpetua.
1. Economic gain. 2. Death Penalty.
2. Political Ideology. 3. Depending on the attachment or actions, implications of the
3. Gain Recognition. case.
4. Broaden criminal syndicate operates.
5. Recruit more members.
WHERE TO REPORT
1. PACER- operation center 724-73-78
2. PNP Central Operation’s Center-72111-86-13 and 721-18-
74
HOW TO PREVENT KIDNAPPING
1. If you are being followed-go to the nearest PNP station.
2. Do not entertain strangers.
3. Do not give the phone number of your boss to anybody.
4. Do not drive or walk in dark unpopulated areas.
5. Do not display your wealth.
6. Always is security conscious.
7. Always close and lock the door/gates.
8. Know the nearest PNP station.
9. Apply perimeter lights.
10. Beware of suspicious looking persons.
WHAT TO DO DURING HOLD-UP?
1. Keep clam and don’t panic.
2. If advantage in position, fight.
3. Don’t resist if over powered.
4. Obey instructions.
5. Don’t engage in gun shooting.
6. Do not try to be a hero.
7. Observe everything carefully.
 Time of the hold-up.
 Color, kind and brand of clothing.
 Manner of speech.
 Observe scars, moles, birthmarks.
 Body builds.
8. If possible think of prominent person.
9. Do not attempt to look if told to face down.
WHAT TO DO AFTER HOLD-UP?
1. Look for fatality or injured person.
2. Call the nearest police station.
3. Guide persons outside the scene without touching anything.
4. Protect the scene by cordoning.
5. Protect all items touched by the robbers.
6. If possible, get the name/address of all depositors present.
7. Do not trust your memory, record the following.
 Weapon used.
 Number of suspects.
 Description of robbers.
 Color, model, plate number of vehicles.
 Modus operandi.
 Don’t discuss said matter until cleared by client.
PHILIPPINE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
THE CRIMININAL JUSTICE SYSTEM-is the machinery which the
Philippine Society uses in the prevention and control of crimes. It
operates by:
1. Preventing the commission of crimes;
2. Enforcing the law, protecting life; individual right and
property;
3. Removing dangerous person from community;
4. Determining people from indulging in criminal activities;
5. Investigating, apprehending, prosecuting and sentencing
those who cannot be deterred from violating the rules of
society; and
6. Rehabilitating offenders and returning them to the
community as law-abiding citizens.
ANATIONAL STRATEGY TO REDUCE CRIME UNDER THE NEW
SOCIETY
 Law enforcement }
 Prosecution } violation of the law or infraction of Municipal and/or City
 Court five } Pillars of the Criminal Justice System
 Corrections }  The arrest is referred to the inquest fiscal that examines the
 Community } offender and the prosecution witnesses to determine
This system is called the formal justice system.
 Without the support of citizenry, the system by itself cannot
be succeeding.
 Individual, private groups and public entities when
performing related criminal justice activities became parts
of the system.
 A law making body becomes a component of the system at
the time it is engaged in the process of enacting a proposed
law intended to improve law enforcement or correctional
methods.
 In the same token, any executive agency of the government
such as educational, welfare, labor, health, community
development, or public office becomes a part of the system
while engage in activities directly or indirectly contributing
to the prevention or control of crime.
Private association or union, neighborhood action, groups and
individual citizens may also become important functionaries of the
system if involved in such type of activity.
The Philippine Criminal Justice System plus the other public and
private agencies and citizens make up the so called Larger Criminal
Justice System.
THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM FLOW MODEL
Arrest
 Apprehension of any offender by the law enforcer for a
Ordinance.
whether or not the suspect committed the offense.
 If the inquest fiscal is convinced that the trustee committed
the offense, information against the suspect is filed in court.
Once the information is filed, the suspect is detained unless
he posts bail or is released by the court on the recognizance
or some legal grounds.
 If the fiscal doubts the probability that the suspect
committed the offense, he sets the case for further
preliminary investigation and orders the release of the
suspects from the police custody depending on the results
of the preliminary investigation. The fiscal may dismiss or
drop the case for insufficiency of the evidence to warrant
suspect indictment. Otherwise the fiscal files a case in court
against the suspect.
Court Trial
 Court trial then follows. In cases where a crime has been
reported to the police but no apprehension was made or if
the complainant files his complaints directly with the fiscal’s
office, the fiscal’s office conducts preliminary investigation.
If the fiscal finds provable cause, he may issue a subpoena
against the respondent and require him to file his counter
affidavit. If a Prima Facie case exists based on the complaint
and the counter affidavit, the fiscal files the case in court.
 An application for review of the case may be filed with the
Department of Justice the respondent or the aggrieved
party is not satisfied with the action of the fiscal.
Trial on the merit before the proper court follows
 During the arraignment of the defendant, he may be given
free legal counsel by the court to defend him.
 A plea of guilt by the defendant results in the acceptance of
such plea by the court which then proceeds to render the
judgment conviction.
 In the case the defendant denied guilt, the trial proceeds. If
the defendant is found guilty, the court renders a written
decision specifying therein the penalty and the civil liability
or damage.
 If the defendant is minor, that is below 18 years old, the
court may , instead finding him guilty sentencing him,
release the minor to the custody care of the Department of
Social and Development of to any other responsible person
until he shall reach 21 years old or for a shorter period as
the court may deem proper.
The judgment of the court may be appealed with the proper
appellate court.
 If the convicted person did not appeal or if the conviction
upheld on appeal, the convict may file for the grant of
probation with the sentencing court, if the convicted person
meets the requirements for probation officer.
 Probation is terminated after the prescribed period of
supervision and probation is relieved of all other obligation
except his civil liability, appropriate pens establishment to
serve his prison sentence.
 Inside the penal establishment, the prisoner is involved in a
“total concept” program designed of his prison term with
good behavior; the convict may be released or pardon or
parole. Otherwise, the prisoner stays inside prison until his
sentence served. Then, he is released to the community.
PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
CLASSES OF RIGHTS TO BE OBSERVED
a. Natural Rights-right possessed by every citizens without
being granted by the state for they are conferred upon him
by GOD as a human being so that he may live a happy life
(e.g. right to life and right to love).
b. Constitutional Rights-being a part of the fundamental law,
they cannot be modified or taken away by the law making
body.
c. Statutory Rights-right provided by laws promulgated by the
law-making body and consequently, may be abolished by
the wage and right to inherent property.
CLASSIFICATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS
a. Political Rights-rights of the citizens which give them the
power to participate, directly in the establishment or
administration of government.
1. Right of Citizenship (Art. IV).
2. Right of Suffrage (Art. V).
3. Right to information on matters of public concern (Section
7.6 Art. III).
b. Civil Rights-right which the law will enforce at the instance
of private individuals for the purpose of securing to them
the enjoyment of their means of happiness.
1. Rights against involuntary servitude (Section 18 para 2, Art.
III).
2. Rights against imprisonment for nonpayment of poil tax or
of debt.
3. Constitutional rights of the accused.
4. The social and economic rights.
5. Liberty of abode and of changing the same.
6. Freedom of speech, of expression or of the press.
7. Rights to assembly and petition, and the rights to form
association.
 c. Social and Economic Rights-right which are intended to
insure the well-being and economic security of individual.
1. Right to property.
2. Right to just compensation for private property taken from
private use.
3. Promotion of social justice.
4. Conservation and utilization of natural resources.
5. Promotion of technology.
6. Arts and culture.
RIGHTS OF PERSON AGAINST UNREASONABLE SEARCHES AND
SEIZURE.
It is the right of a person not to allow his person, house, office,
papers and effects to be searched without a SEARCH WARRANT
must particularly describe the places to be searched and the person
or thing to be seized.
RIGHTS OF AN ARRESTED PERSON
RIGHTS OF PERSON UNDER GOING INVESTIGATION OR
INTERROGATION.
1. The right to remain silent and to have a competent and
independent counsel preferably of his own choice. If the
person being investigated cannot afford a counsel, he must
be provided with one.
2. No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, in any
other means which vitiate the free will shall be used against
the person being investigated.
3. The person under investigation must not be detained in
secret detention places, I solitary confinement, held
incommunicado or other forms of detention.
4. The right of person under investigation cannot be waived in
writings and in the presence of a lawyer.
RIGHTS OF AN ACCUSED AT THE TRIAL:
1. To be presumed innocent until the contrary is proven
beyond reasonable doubt.
2. To be told what he or she is being charged with and what
acts has committed.
3. To be assisted by competent and independent counsel of
his/her own choice.
4. Not to be compelled to be witness against himself.
5. To confront witnesses against him.
6. To have full opportunity to present his evidence.
7. Not to be placed twice in jeopardy for the same offense.
8. Not to be sentenced neither to pay excessive fines nor to
suffer cruel or in human punishment.
9. To have the right to appeal in all cases allowed and in
manner prescribed by law.
1. To remain silent and to be assisted by a competent and
independent and independent counsel of his choice in any
interrogation.
2. Not to be subjected to torture, manhandling, intimidation,
deceit, promise of leniency of any means that vitiate his
free will.
3. To be brought before a court as soon as possible but not
later than:
 12 hours after arrest for light offense.
 18 hours after arrest for a less grave offense.
 36 hours after arrest for grave offenses.
4. To make a formal complaint if he has been denied counsel,
forced to confess, or handled, tortured or intimidated.
5. To be released on reasonable bail, unless he has been
charged with a crime punished by death and the evidence
of his guilt is strong.
 6. If the arrest is through a warrant, the person arrested has
the right to be informed the cause of his arrest and be
allowed to see, read and examine the warrant of arrest.
RIGHTS OF A PERSON UNDER DETENTION
1. To be treated as human being.
2. To due process which comprises the right to be informed of
the written regulation governing the detention centers, not
to be punished for any act except in accordance with these
regulations, to be subjected to only such punishment for
breaches of disciple as are the least restrictive means to
maintain order and security in the detention and not to be
subjected to corporal punishment or confinement in a dark
cell or to isolation.
3. To receive visits.
4. To practice religion.
5. To adequate food and if she desires to procure food from
outside through the administration shall supply it, but such
clothing must be to procure.
6. Reading and writing materials.
7. To separate bed with sufficient bedding.
8. To at least one hour daily outdoor exercise.
9. Not to be compelled to work unless wishes to.
10. To competent medical and dental service and to be treated
by his own doctor or dentist if there is a reasonable need
for it and he or his family will pay for it.
11. To be furnished with or to procure reading and writing
materials.
12. To keep separated from convicts serving sentence.
13. To a speedy and impartial public trial.
COURTESY AND DISCIPLINE
COURTESY
Is a polite behavior or demeanor but strictly speaking, it is
the proper deportment of on approved and accepted by society
before anybody. Courtesy is also defined as the expression or
manifestation of consideration for others.
TWO KINDS OF COURTESY:
1. Civil-one that is observed by a civilian.
2. Military-one that is observed by the military.
DISCIPLINE-is a prompt obedience and proper execution of all
orders given by superior offers. It is demonstrated by proper
conduct under all conditions.
FORMS OF DISCIPLINARY ACTION
1. Punitive Action-may involve special reading assignments;
suspension without pay; less some part of weekly and
annual leaves; a money fine; demotion in rank; and
separation from the service.
2. Non-punitive Action-includes all efforts made by a superior
to correct a weakness in a subordinate short of punishment.
It is applied first and more desirable than punitive action.
Punitive action is never constructive but when applied it has
very salutary efforts in enhance the morale of the other
guards.
THREE DISCIPLINARY RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE IMMEDIATE PERSON ENTITLED FOR SALUTE
SUPERIOR OF SECURITY GUARD, WATCHMAN AND PRIVATE 1. Company official/client.
DETECTIVE. 2. Agency superior officer.
1. To discover the weakness, deficiency, failure or overt act of 3. PNP officer.
a subordinate that indicates the need for corrective action; 4. Public ranking official.
2. To analyze all the factors involved in order to decide the
most suitable action; TELEPHONE COURTESY
3. To initiate and in most instances to carry out the disciplinary 1. Greeting
action; 2. Speak directly to the mouth piece of telephone.
3. Ask the person who’s calling to, who are calling for
PROPER SALUTING messages.
1. Straight body, stomach in, chest out. 4. Don’t slam the receiver.
2. Feet must be at 45 degrees. 5. Always prepare ball pen/notebook.
3. 3rd finger at the tip of eyebrow. 6. Don’t hang the phone.
4. The elbow must be parallel to the shoulder. 7. Avoid using telephone for personal purposes.
8. Don’t be rude or frank seer.
WHEN TO SALUTE 9. Avoid overuse of telephone (Telebabad)
1. When reporting to the officer/clients. 10. Relay all calls.
2. When entering the head quarter.
3. During flag rising & flag retreat. CRIME SCENE PRESERVATION
4. When asking permission. CRIME SCENE-the particular area or place where a crime was
committed. It is place where physical evidence that could provide
WHEN NOT TO SALUTE clues to identities of the perpetrator is found.
1. When in public places.
2. When inside the church. PHYSICAL EVIDENCE
3. When both hands are full of materials/things. a. Is any tangible material item that tends to prove or disprove
4. When driving. a point under investigation?
5. When eating. b. Example of this are tools used in the commission of the
crime; fingerprints, have fibers, fired bullets and cartridges
PERSON REQUIRED TO SALUTE cases, body fluids like bloods, saliva and semi-footprints and
1. All watchmen. tire marks, etc.
2. All security guards.
3. All security personnel.
CRIME SCENE PROTECTION
Is the implementation of protective measures to safeguards the
area or place when a crime has been committed against intrusion or
entry by unauthorized person?
EVIDENCE PRESERVATION
Is the application of basic techniques to prevent the destructions or
alteration physical evidence found at the crime scene?
NOTE AND SKETCHES
 Note is handwritten of pertinent information’s about one’s
interest, activity or operations.
 Note taking is the process of taking down notes relatives to
pertinent information’s about one’s interest, activity or
occupation.
 Sketch is graphic illustration, usually an outline or a rough
drawing representing the crime scene containing pertinent
features and information.
 Sketching is the process of making a graphic illustrations or
rough drawing the crime scene.
USES OF SKETCHES
 Complement the notes taken.
 Serve as an alternate to photograph taken.
 Provide visual description of a particular area in the crime
scene.
 Serve as a memory connection to resolve conflict or
confusion during crime reconstruction or reenactment.
TYPES OF SKETCHES
 Locality sketch features surrounding as guide like known
buildings, restaurants, shelters, drugstore, streets, movie
house, etc.
 General sketch description of the exact place or scene of
the incident likes rooms, closets, windows, doors, cabinets,
etc.
FACTORS IN MAKING SKETCHES
 A sketch should include scale, measurements and block
title:
 To present the relationship among items from one point to
another, a measurement must be used.
 There should be a reference point to help in locating points
of interest or desired object.
COMMON SYMBOLS USED IN MAKING A SKETCH
 Churches
 Phil road tracks
 Hospital
 Rivers
 Directions
 Hill or mountain
CIVIL DISTURBANCE STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS
I. INTRODUCTION
1. Article III Bills of Rights, Section I “No persons shall
be deprived of life property without due process of
law, nor shall any persons be denied the equal
protection of laws.
2. Article III Bills of Rights, Section 4 “No laws shall be
passed abridging the freedom of speech, of
expression or of the press or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble and by petitions the
government for redress.
3. Article III Bills of Rights, Section 8 “The right of the
people including those employed in the public and
private sectors, to form union, associations, or
 societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not
be abridged”.
4. Article III Exist of Rights, Section 18 “No person shall
be detained solely by reason of his political belief
and aspirations”.
II. DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. STRIKE is a temporary refusal or stoppage of work
done by the employee or laborer as a result to labor
dispute.
2. LOCKOUT it is temporary refusal of the employer to
finish works.
3. MOB it is a righteous crowd, loss their sense of
reasons and respect.
4. RIOT it is disturbance of peace and executes
violence.
5. CROWD number of group of persons temporarily
grouped or congregated.
Crowd may be classified as follows:
a. Casual crowd- no common purpose, no
leadership.
b. Cohesive crowd-assembly of people, small
group with a common purpose act as individual.
Ex. Sports and Parade
c. Expressive crowd-picket line, rally, political
rally, with a leadership, common interest,
intention to express opinion on issues and right.
d. Aggressive crowd-(Dangerous crowd)
a. With the definite purpose and with positive
leadership.
b. It is well financed and well managed.
c. They are aggressive emotional and readily
abandonees of reasons individual thinking
and make himself as a part of a mob or riot.
DUTIES OF SECURITY PERSONNEL DURING CIVIL DISTURBANCE
AND STRIKE.
MISSION: Protect lives and property and maintain peace order.
DUTIES: Dispersing illegal and prohibited assembly & conduct
patrolling to prevent assembly.
DURING STRIKES
a. Keep away the firearms.
b. Avoid direct contact.
c. Don’t abet.
d. Use sufficient reasonable force.
e. Stay within the area of responsibility.
f. Don’t enforce labor code law.
g. Always wear complete uniform.
SUCCESSFUL EXECUTION OF MISSION IN A LARGE EXTENT
a. Training-Physical, psychological.
b. Planning-before/during/after.
1. Adequate intelligence information.
2. Coordinated action of individual.
3. Tactical plan.
4. Aggressive leadership
LEGAL BASIS OF LEGITIMATE STRIKES
I. The state shall afford protection to labor, promote full
employment and equality of employment, ensure equal
work, opportunities regardless of sex, race or creed and
regulate relations between workers and employers. The
State shall assure the rights of workers to self-organization,
collective, bargaining, security of tenure and just human
conditions at work. The State may provide for compulsory
arbitrations.
 II. Any legitimate labor union may strike and any employer
may lockout and establishment not covered by general
order no.5 only on the grounds of unresolved economics
issues in collective bargaining agreement in which the labor
union or the employer shall file note with the bureau of
labor (30 days before the strike or lockout).
STRIKE CONSIDERED LEGAL/ILLEGAL
a. A strike is considered legal if it is declared on the basis of
legitimate purpose and carried out in accordance with the
law.
b. A strike is considered illegal if it is declared trivial, unjust or
unlawful purpose and out violation of law.
SOME LAWFUL DEMAND OF STRIKES
a. Better wages, hours and other terms of employment.
b. Better working conditions to avoid accident.
c. Job security.
d. Collective bargaining and union recognition, re-employment
of dismissed, employee/worker.
e. Closed shop.
f. Performance of employer obligations.
CLASSIFICATION OF STRIKES
a. As nature of employees interest;
1. Economic and
2. Unfair labor practice
b. As to degree of employee’s participants.
1. Primary strikes
2. Secondary strikes
3. Sympathetic strikes
c. Strike as to degree of coverage
1. General strikes-industry community provinces.
2. Local strikes-confided to particular industry.
THE ANTI SCAB LAW
The anti-scab law provides the following:
1. It is unlawful for any employer to employ scab
(Strikebreaker).
2. It is unlawful to identify a strikebreaker.
3. It is unlawful to be identified as strikebreaker.
4. It is unlawful to any peace officers or military man to bring
any strikebreaker entering and leaving any strike area.
KINDS OF VIOLENCE IN STRIKE AREA
a. Pre-meditated violence-planned violence.
b. Spontaneous violence-violence which immediately erupted
as triggered by provocation or tension.
ANTI-RIOT FORMATION
1. Wedge formation-a blocking information.
2. Line or skirmisher-arrest breaking the crowd.
3. Left and right diagonal formation-suitable for moving.
BASIC COMMUNICATION
Communication-is the transfer of thoughts from the mind of one
person to the mind of another through a common medium and
channel.
Facsimile-an exact reproduction, counterpart or likeness of an
original.
Transceiver-a two way radio.
Radio-communication by electromagnetic waves transmitted
through space.
Call sign-anything that identifies discretely or openly and or hide
their identity or confidentiality of the communication.
CONVERSION MILITARY TIME PHONETIC ALPAHABET
0700H - 7:00 AM A-ALPHA
0800 - 8:00 AM B-BRAVO
0900H - 9:00 AM C-CHARLIE
1000H - 10:00 AM D-DELTA
1100H - 11:00 AM E-ECHO
1200H - 12:00 AM F-FOXTROT
1300H - 1:100 PM G-GULF
1400H - 2:00 PM H-HOTEL
1500H - 3:00 PM I-INDIA
1600H - 4:00 PM J-JULIET
1700H - 5:00 PM K-KILO
1800H - 6:00 PM L-LIMA
1900H - 7:00 PM M-MAMA
2000H - 8:00 PM N-NOVEMBER
2100H - 9:00 PM O-OSCAR
2200H - 10:00 PM P-PAPA
2300H - 11:00 PM Q-QUEBEC
0000H - 12:00PM R-ROMEO
0100H - 1:00 AM S-SIERRA
0200H - 2:00 AM T-TANGO
0300H - 3:00 AM U-UNIVERSE
0400H - 4:00 AM V-VICTOR
0500H - 5:00 AM W-WHISKY
0600H - 6:00 AM X-XRAY
Y-YANKEE
Z-ZEBRA
 TEN CODES 10-31 Crime in progress
10-32 Person with gun
10-0 Caution 10-33 Emergency, stand by
10-1 Signal Weak 10-34 Riot
10-2 Signal Good 10-35 Major crime alert
10-3 Stop transmitting 10-36 Correct time
10-4 Message received 10-37 Investigate suspicious vehicle
10-5 Relay 10-38 Stop suspicious vehicle
10-6 Busy 10-39 Use lights and siren
10-7 Out of service 10-40 Respond quickly
10-8 In service 10-41 Beginning shift
10-9 Repeat 10-42 Ending shift
10-10 Fight in progress 10-43 Information
10-11 Animal problem 10-44 Permission to leave
10-12 Stand by 10-45 Dead animal
10-13 Report conditions 10-46 Assist motorist
10-14 Prowler report 10-47 Emergency road repair
10-15 Civil disturbance 10-48 Traffic control
10-16 Domestic problem 10-49 Traffic signal out
10-17 Meet complainant 10-50 Traffic accident
10-18 Urgent 10-51 Request tow truck
10-19 Go to station 10-52 Request ambulance
10-20 Location 10-53 Roadway blocked
10-21 Phone 10-54 Livestock on roadway
10-22 Disregard 10-55 Intoxicated driver
10-23 Arrived at scene 10-56 Intoxicated pedestrian
10-24 Assignment compost 10-57 Hit and run accident
10-25 Report to _______ 10-58 Direct traffic
10-26 Detaining suspect 10-59 Escort
10-27 Driver’s license information 10-60 Squad in vicinity
10-28 Vehicle registration information 10-61 Personnel in vicinity
10-29 Check for wants/warrants 10-62 Reply to message
10-30 Unauthorized use of radio 10-63 Prepare to copy
10-64 Local message 10-97 Test signal
10-65 Network message 10-98 Escaped prisoner
10-66 Cancel message 10-99 Wanted or stolen
10-67 Clear for network message
10-68 Dispatch information PNP MISSION AND ORGANIZATION
10-69 Message received MISSION OF PNP
10-70 Fire alarm  Enforce the law
10-71 Advise of nature of fire  Prevent and control crimes.
10-72 Report progress of fire  Maintain peace and order.
10-73 Smoke report  Ensure public safety and internal security with the support
10-74 Negative the public.
10-75 In contact with _____
10-76 En route to _____ FUNCTION OF PNP-SOSIA
10-77 E.T.A.  To impose RA 5487.
 To supervise
10-78 Request assistance
 To issue licenses.
10-79 Notify coronel
 To conduct investigation.
10-80 Pursuit in progress
 To conduct training.
10-81 Breathalyzer report
 To inspect and apprehend.
10-82 Reserve lodgings
 To impose penalty and sanction.
10-83 School crossing detail
10-84 E.T.A
10-85 Arrival delayed _____
10-86 Operator on duty
10-87 Pick up
10-88 Advise of telephone number
10-89 Bomb threat
10-90 Bank alarm
10-91 Pick up subject
10-92 Illegally parked vehicle
10-93 Blockage
10-94 Drag racing
10-95 Subject in custody
10-96 Detain subject
 I. COMMISION OFFICER PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
CIVIL SECURITY GROUP
AFP PNP
Designation Firearms and Explosive Office (FEO)
Supervisory Office for Security and Investigation Agency
Code Designation Code (SOSIA)
0-10 General Director Gen DG
0-9 Lieutenant Gen Deputy Gen DDG ORGANIZATION OF PNP-CSG-SOSIA
0-8 Major Gen Police Director PD Chief of SOSIA
0-7 Brigadier Gen Police Chief Supt PCS Deputy Chief of SOSIA
0-6 Colonel Police Senior Supt PSS Chief, OEMB
0-5 Lieutenant Col Police Supt PS Chief, LPMB
0-4 Major Police Chief Insp PCI Chief, ALS, LPM
0-3 Captain Police Senior Insp PSI Chief, PSTMB
0-2 1Lieutenant } Police Inspector PI Chief, LPMB
0-1 Lieutenant } Chief, Record
Chief, PRMB
II. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER Deputy Chief, PSTMB
Chief, Investigation Section OEMB
AFP PNP Chief, Computer ID Production Branch
Designation Asst. Chief, ALS, LPMB
Deputy Chief, OEMB
Code Designation Code Team Leader, PSTMB
E-7 Master Sergeant Senior Police Off 4 SPO4
E-6 Technical Sergeant Senior Police Off 3 SPO3
E-5 Staff Sergeant Senior Police Off 2 SPO2
E-4 Sergeant Senior Police Off 1 SPO1
E-3 Corporal Police officer 3 PO3
E-2 Private First Class Police Officer 2 PO2
E-1 Private Police Officer 1 PO1
 GLOSSARY

ARREST-taking of any persons into the custody in order that be may

bound to answer for the commission of an offense (Sec. 1, Rule 113,
NC).
BARRIER-Structure capable of reflecting, preventing or delaying
illegal access.
PHYSICAL SECURITY-a system of barriers placed between potential
intrude and the matters to be protected.
BOMB-a hollow projectile containing unstable or incendiary
chemical ready to explode any time upon ignition, detonation or
concussion.
COMBUSTION-the act or process of burning.
COURTESY-