1

General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

HYBRID WARFARE IN UKRAINE

EW DOMAIN
Major General Borys KREMENETSKYI
Defence and Air Attache, Embassy of Ukraine
to the UK
Russia’s aggressive policy
AZERBAIJAN (NAGORNO-KARABAH) – 1990
MOLDOVA (TRANSDNIESTRIA) - 1992
GEORGIA (ABKHAZIA) – 1992
TAJIKISTAN – 1992 – 1995
CHECHNYA – 1995 – 2001
GEORGIA (SOUTHERN OSSETIA) – 2008
UKRAINE – 2014 – on going
SYRIA – 2015
Lybia ????????
Baltics????????

MEDLING ELECTIONS, REFERENDUMS

WHO IS NEXT????
 ‘HYBRID WARFARE’ IS A TOOL OF IMPLEMENTATION
RUSSIA’S GEOPOLITICAL GOALS
• persuasion the International community of inevitability
the Russia’s protectorate over former Soviet republics,
including Ukraine;
• destruction of the economy and the Armed Forces of
Ukraine by using high-ranking agents of influence and
corruption schemes;
• implementation the policy of interference in the relations
between Ukraine and the West;
• economic dependence on Russia all neighboring countries ;
• reincarnation of the ‘Russian World’ idea.
 4
«HYRID WAR» DIMENSIONS

INFORMATION

MILITARY

IDEOLOGY
SOCIAL-POLITIC

DIPLOMATIC

ECONOMICAL

TERRORIST
«HYBRID WARFARE» TOOLKIT

5
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INFORMATION DIMENSION
of the «HYBRID WAR»
 IDEOLOGICAL BASIS OF THE RUSSIA’S INFORMATION WAR
AGAINST UKRAINE

Pax Russica •Under mottoes of development

the communities of people who loves Russian
(Russian language and culture, Russia creates networks
World) of influence agents in foreign states

•Russia poses itself as the “Great State” that is the

Eurasianism core of the new Eurasian geopolitical project
created in opposition to “US-led Atlanticism”

•Russia poses itself as the “Stronghold of the

Russian Orthodox Christianity and Morality”, but uses
Orthodox religion to influence on people in states with the
strong Orthodox tradition (e.g. Ukraine, Belarus,
Church Moldova, Greece, Serbia etc.)

•Russia uses antifascism rhetoric for pinning

negative labels on Ukrainian patriotic movements
Anti-fascism in accordance to its anti-Ukraine propaganda
goals
EXAMPLE OF PROPAGANDA

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SOCIAL-POLITIC DIMENSION
of the «HYBRID WAR»

Creation & support of the «Fifth column»

Communist Party of Ukraine

Bessarabia Peoples Council

Odessa Peoples Militia

Peoples movement “Ukrainian choice”

Progressive socialist party of Ukraine

 10
DIPLOMATIC DIMENSION
of the «HYBRID WAR»
 11
ECONOMICAL DIMENSION
of the «HYBRID WAR»

Seizing the property of

11% more then four hundreds
Crimea companies –
1,18 trillon Hrn.
Decline in
industrial 35%
production
Reduction in
coal production

7%
Removal of economic
potential from 20%
circulation

GDP decline
12
 13
MILITARY FEATURES
of the «HYBRID WAR»

SIGNIFICANT ROLE OF ARTILLERY

ELECTRONIC WARFARE
up to 11 000
200
525
4
PRIORITIZED ACTIONS OF RUSSIAN
150
SABOTAGE GROUPS
90

RUSSIAN FORCES 55 000

DEPLOYMENT ON ROTATION 440
BASIS 390
2 000
500 4 130
NEW ARMS TESTING,
MASTERING NEW COMBAT 200 30
TECHNICS,
ACQUIRING COMBAT EXPERIENCE 2
 14
TERRORIST ACTIVITIES
OF THE INSURGENTS

34 000
local population
mobilized 530
criminals 850
foreign mercenaries 550
representatives of the 300
patriotic movements of RF
50
 RUSSIAN UAV’S ACTIVITY

2018 - 741 cases of the of

enemy UAV usage observed 17 отбр
54 орб

LUHANSK

Granat -1 Orlan-10

DONETSK

2/1 омсбр Frequency of UAV

3/1 омсбр usage in 2019:
3/9 ошмсп мп Daily average - 1-3
Умовні позначення
Район застосування БПЛА тактичного
рівня

1/9 ошмсп мп
flights; in case of
Маршрут руху БПЛА оперативно-
тактичного рівня

Granat-2
MARIUPOL favorable weather
Маршрут руху БПЛА оперативно-
тактичного рівня з перетином ДКУ

conditions – up to 10
flights
RF produced weaponry and equipment found
in the Eastern Ukraine (never used by UAF)
ARMOR Air Defence Antitank Armament

Armored vehicle Artillery rocket missile complex Antitank rocket complex

BPM-97 “Vystrel” “Pantsyr-С” “Konkurs-М”

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

UAV “Eleron-3СВ” UAV “Takhion” UAV “Orlan-10”

 RUSSIAN MADE WEAPONS AND EQUIPMENT USED
IN THE EASTERN UKRAINE

Mobile patrol complex

REW station “LEER-2”
“Patriot-OKAPI” REW station “Shypovnyk--aero” REW station R-330G “Gytel’”

УКРАИНА

Mini UAV “ZALA” UAV “Dozor-100” UAV“Takhion”

1 мсб
Новоазовск
Small-size navigation equipment
Radio “Azart-P1” REW station R-330М1P “Diabazol” Artillery radar system “Rys’” 14C822 “Grot-m"
Мариуполь
 RUSSIAN ARMED FORCES PRIORITIES 18

in EW in the EASTERN UKRAINE

PRIORITIES

1 2 3 4
To suppress Jamming of VHF EW SYTEMS AND DETECTIONS OF
enemy’s UAV by and UHF, GSM STRIKE WEAPONS THE INFORMATION
deployment of communication by INTEGRATION LEAKAGE
deployment of CHANELS AND
Jamming
BORISOGLEBSK -2 THEIR Suppression
stations AND INFAUNA SPR- Systems SVET-KU,
R-330Zh 2M SYSTEMS “Dziudoist”
“SHYPOVNIK –
AERO”

Р-330Ж “Шиповник” СПР-2М Р-378БМВ “Інфауна” Р-330БМВ

 ELECTRONIC WARFARE AS A TOOL OF INFORMATION WAR
separate electronic warfare company (corps level)
Radio jamming platoon (radio
Command
communication, satellite communication
systems, mobile communication, land
users of satellite navigation system
Radio Jamming “NAVSTAR”, jamming of the explosion of
Command Radio jamming Radio Jamming
Platoon (UHF radio controlled explosives and radio lines
Platoon platoon (HF) Platoon*
Aerial Radio)
of control of explosions of high-explosives)

“Leer-3”: not only jamming GSM receivers,

but distribution SMS-messages (GSM and Internet)

Unmanned aviation system “Leer-3”

Frequency rangesion, MHz 890-915;
935-960;
1710-1785;
1805-1880
Range communication 6
blocking zone, km
Number of blocked 15000
subscriber at a time
UAV “Orlan-10” 2
Time of deployment on the
30
run, min
Crew 5
EXAMPLES OF SMS, RECEIVED BY UKRAINIAN SOLDIERS IN ATO AREA
VIA “LEER-3 ” SYSTEM
Soldier of Ukrainian
Army – better stay
alive than become
dead here!
Nobody care of you
but your family!
You should know
that your beloved
will condemn Kiev’s
authorities when
you die
What people will do
with ATO
participants when
Kiev’s Junta escape?
Killer from Ukrainian
Army – East won’t
forget your, West will
never remember!
Electronic Interference Station Р-378BMV 21
from “Borisoglebsk-2” SYSTEM

Territory of Ukraine

Pictured 18.12.2014, in Internet since 08.05.2016

JAMMING STATION R-330BMV 22
AS PART OF BORISOGLEBSK-2 SYSTEM

TRANSPORTATION OF R-330BMV
TOWARDS UKRAINE TERITORY,
26.05.2015

Jamming, interference and signal intelligence 25 – 960

frequencies, МHz
 23
EW STATION RB-531B “INFAUNA”

RB-531B “INFAUNA”

22.06.2014,
OCCUPIUED TERRITORY OF
DONETSK REGION

Jamming, interference and 25 – 2500

signal intelligence
frequencies, МHz
MOBILE AUTOMATED RADIO CONTROL SYSTEM 24
“DZIUDOIST”
TOT of Ukraine

16.01.2015, 12.40 – LUGANSK, Shopping

Center AURORA
INTERFERENCE AND JAMMING STATION SPR-2M “Rtut’-BМ”25
On the TOT of Ukraine (Donetsk Region)
На території України

Interference System SPR-2M at

TOPAZ Factory.
Pictured July 2015, tactical Sign 25
in Romb belongs to the Russian
proxies unit 08821 (Donetsk)
 INTERFERENCE AND JAMMING STATION SPR-2М “Rtut’-BМ” 26

On the TOT of Ukraine (Lugansk Region)

TOT of Ukraine

Interference System SPR-2M at Lugansk

Airport area.
Pictured 21.09.2016, tactical Sign 18 in
Square belongs to the Russian proxies unit
05776
 EW System “SHIPOVNIK-AERO” 27
On TOT of Ukraine Donetsk Region

Yandex maps picture

“Terraserver”

22.07.2016 Donetsk city center

“SHIPOVNIK - AERO.
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RUSSIAN EW UNITS on the TOT of UKRAINE

R-330Z Antennas trailer

R-330Zh

RB-636 R-330 Zh Antennas trailer

R0330

RB-636

12.11.2016
R-330Z West side of Bryanka town, Donetsk reg.
JAMMING SYSTEM R-330Zh 29
(Makeevka, Donetsk Reg, April 2016)
 30
JAMMING SYSTEM R-330Zh
(Avdeevka, Donetsk Reg., 14.07.2016)
 31
RUSSIAN UHF JAMMING SYSTEMS
R-934UМV R-934BMV

signal intelligence frequencies, 100 – 2000 signal intelligence frequencies, 100 – 400
МHz МHz
Jamming frequencies, МHz 100 – 400 Jamming frequencies, МHz 100 – 150,
150 – 220,
STATION “MURMANSK-BN” 32
(CRIMEA, cape FIOLENT)

Satellite
picture
26.03.2015
STATION “MURMANSK-BN” 33
(CRIMEA, cap FIOLENT)
 DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN EW SYSTEMS 34

WAY AHEAD
MULTIFUNCTIONAL EW COMPLEXES

SPR-2М “RTUT-BМ” “LEER-2”

R-330Zh “Zhytel”
“INFAUNA”

IED ARMORED PROTECTION SIGINT GPS JAMMING GSM 1800

PROTECTION FROM THE SUPPRESION JAMMING
RADIO JAMMING
CONTROLLED
FUSES
SIGINT INTERFARENCE SIMULATION IMMARSAT,
OF RADIO IRIDIUM
JAMMING JAMMING
ACTIVITY

SIGINT
 36
Modern Strategy of Deterrence of Russian Aggression

Political Influence Internal Political

(Pressure) Stability and
Resilience

Economical The Strategy of Military

Deterrence Capabilities and
Sanctions
Capacities

Reliable and Stable

Technological Channel of
Embargoes Communication
Consistent Western Ukrainian National
Policy and Attitude Capacities
STRONGER TOGETHER

QUESTIONS ?