History of Argentina

Before European contact, Argentina had a thinly populated indigenous

population engaging in a mix of agriculture, hunting, and gathering.
European exploration began in the 16th century, but initial attempts to
establish colonies were thwarted by hostile natives. Eventually, Spanish
settlements were founded, with Buenos Aires becoming a key city. In
1810, a junta was formed, and Argentina gradually broke ties with Spain,
declaring independence in 1816.

The newly independent state faced internal divisions, leading to the

breakup of the United Provinces. General Juan Manuel de Rosas
assumed dictatorial control in 1835, establishing a strong central
government. The native population in southern Argentina maintained its
traditional lifestyle until the Conquest of the Desert in 1879.

The late 19th century saw significant developments, including the

expansion of the railway network, which facilitated exports of meat,
wool, and grain. Argentina's population surged due to immigration, and
by the end of the century, it reached about 4 million people. Argentina
became one of the wealthiest South American countries by 1900.

In the 1920s, Argentina was among the world's wealthiest nations but
was affected by the Wall Street Crash. In 1930, a military coup led to
General Jose F. Uriburu becoming president. Subsequent elections,
marked by allegations of fraud, saw various leaders in power.
Curiosities about Argentina
It’s home to the highest and lowest points in two hemispheres
A country of extremes, Argentina is home to both the highest and
lowest points in South America. Aconcagua mountain in the Andes is
6,960.8 metres (22,837ft) high, making it the highest mountain in the
Americas, the highest mountain in the southern hemisphere and the
highest mountain in the western hemisphere.

Laguna del Carbón, a salt lake in the Santa Cruz Province, is the lowest
point of Argentina and the lowest point in the western and southern
hemispheres. It is 105 metres (344 ft) below sea level.

Tango was born in Argentina

The tango originated in the 1880s in Argentina. It grew out of the lower-
class districts of Buenos Aires. In the beginning, tango often took place
in the brothels and it is said that the dance is “a vertical expression of a
horizontal desire”. Today, the tango is danced all over Argentina and
you’ll see plenty of tango dancers on the streets of Buenos Aires.
The national sport of Argentina is pato
The most popular sport in Argentina is soccer. The country has won the
World Cup three times, has produced two of the greatest footballers of
all time, Messi and Maradona, and the rivalry between Boca Juniors and
River Plate is world-famous. But the national sport of Argentina is
actually a game called ‘pato’. During a game of pato, players on
horsebacks must get the pato through netted hoops to score. It is like a
mix of polo and basketball.

Buenos Aires is an impressive capital city

Buenos Aires is the capital city of Argentina. It is the most visited city in
South America. Buenos Aires is home to more psychiatrists and
psychoanalysts than any other city in the world. The city has the highest
number of bookshops per person than any other city in the world. The
main thoroughfare in the city is Avenida 9 de Julio which
commemorates the country’s independence day. At 140 metres, it is the
widest avenue in the world.
Argentina is home to the world’s southernmost city
One of the more interesting facts about Argentina is that it is home to
the southernmost city in the world, Ushuaia. It is located on the island of
Tierra del Fuego, which translates as Land of Fire. Chile and Argentina
share the island. In Ushuaia, you’ll find the world’s southernmost ski
resort, the southernmost golf course, and the southernmost Irish Bar.

It is home to a growing glacier

Some 78km from the town of El Calafate is the Perito Moreno Glacier.
Confusingly, it is nowhere near the town of Perito Moreno. To give you
an idea of its size, the glacier is the world’s third-largest reserve of fresh
water. The Perito Moreno Glacier is one of the few advancing glaciers
left in the world. This means is it growing instead of shrinking. It grows
about 2 metres a day.
Education of Argentina

Argentina's educational system is made up of four levels: initial, primary,

secondary and higher. Argentine education is governed by the National
Education Law 26,206, which establishes that education is a public
good, a personal and social right of people, of which the State is the
one who must guarantee it. It also determines that it is mandatory
between four and 17 or 18 years of age.

The structure of the national educational system is comprised of four

levels and eight modalities:

The 4 levels:
● Initial education
● Primary education
● Secondary education
● Higher education

The 8 modalities:
● Professional technical education.
● Artistic education.
● Special education.
● Permanent education of youth and adults.
● Rural education.
● Bilingual intercultural education.
● Home and hospital education.
● Education in contexts of deprivation of liberty.

Sports in Argentina
Sports in Argentina are characterized by the extraordinary relevance of
men's soccer. The first popular sports idol was Jorge Newbery (1875-
1914), who stood out as a fencer, boxer and aviator. The massive
diffusion of sport occurred in the first three decades of the 20th
century based on the popular passion for three activities: football,
boxing and motor racing. Apart from those mentioned, sports have
been developed in the country that reached the world's first line such as
basketball, paddle tennis, polo, field hockey, roller hockey, tennis, futsal,
blindfold soccer, basket ball, road cycling, golf, paddle ball (a variant of
Basque pelota), rowing, rugby, softball, volleyball and yachting.

Football.

Basketball Hockey

Rugby Paddle ball

cycling Golf

Traditional Argentinian foods

Every weekend or on holidays, in the provinces, they gather with family

members to make the "Asado" meal, which consists of grilled meat
accompanied by different cuts and flavors.

- Empanadas: Empanadas are a type of stuffed pastry filled with meat,

chicken, ham and cheese, or vegetables.
- Facturas: Facturas are sweet pastries that can be found in Argentinean
bakeries. They come in different shapes and fillings, such as custard
cream, quince paste, or dulce de leche.

Fernet is an alcoholic beverage that

originated in Italy. It is believed to have been
created in the city of Milan in the mid-
19th century and became popular throughout Italy. It was later
introduced to Argentina by Italian immigrants and became a highly
appreciated drink in the country.
Fernet is famous in Argentina due to its popularity as a digestive drink
and aperitif. It has become an emblematic beverage of Argentinean
culture, especially when mixed with cola, known as "Fernet con Coca".
Additionally, its bitter and unique flavor has gained followers in the
country.

Politics

In Argentina, talking about politics can be controversial due to the

polarization and strong opinions that exist in the country. Additionally,
Argentina's political history has been marked by conflicts and divisions,
which contributes to the controversy on this topic.

It is important to mention that Argentina's political history has been

marked by conflicts, coups d'état, corruption and human rights
violations. These events have left deep wounds in Argentine society,
which contributes to sensitivity and controversy when talking about
politics.

Argentine Folklore

Argentine folklore In Argentina, talking about folklore is talking about

our deepest cultural roots, it is talking about music, traditions, dances,
foods, identity aspects that we have as a people. Without a doubt,
traditional dances are a clear expression of how folklore is experienced
in each Argentine region.
Argentine National Rock

Mexican musicians were generally content to translate the lyrics of

Anglo-Saxon hits into Spanish, Argentines soon differentiated
themselves by a more personal use of the Spanish language, seeking to
communicate and reference national geography, history, music, cinema,
customs, etc. and include local cultural elements such as slang and
lunfardo.

One fact is that the Argentine rock musician Indio Solari gathered
150,000 people in a single night in the city of Tandil, widely winning the
competition with the Rolling Stones for the largest “pogo” in the world
in the estadio único de la plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2008.
Later, on March 11, 2017, he performed again in Olavarría before
300,000 people, breaking a record in the entire history of Argentine
rock for both paid and free shows.

Argentinian tradicions
We Argentines have a culture rich in traditions, which we follow to this
day almost daily, some of the best known being:

● greet us with a kiss

● hold parties only with our typical dances, such as tango
● talk about politics at every meeting
● our carnivals and being really passionate about futbol.
● we consider ourselves really patriotic
Historical places
This country is full of historical places that contain a great history for
this land, or at least the history of its construction is really rich and
interesting.
An example of these would be the Obelisk of Buenos Aires, which is one
of the best known by tourists, but we cannot forget:
the eden hotel
the sky train
france square
the little house of tucumán
la recoleta cemetery
historic house
the museum of arts
colon Theater
the women's square among many others located in all the provinces and
even towns of this great and extensive country