International Journal of Analysis and Applications

Volume 18, Number 3 (2020), 381-395

URL: https://doi.org/10.28924/2291-8639

DOI: 10.28924/2291-8639-18-2020-381

ON DOUBLE SHEHU TRANSFORM AND ITS PROPERTIES WITH APPLICATIONS

SULIMAN ALFAQEIH∗ , EMINE MISIRLI

Ege University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, 35100, Turkey

∗
Corresponding author: alfaqeihsuliman@gmail.com

Abstract. In the current paper, we have generalized the concept of one dimensional Shehu transform into
two dimensional Shehu transform namely, double Shehu transform (DHT). Further, we have established some
main properties and theorems related to the (DHT). To show the efficiency, high accuracy and applicability

of the proposed transform, we have implemented the new transform to solve integral equations and partial
differential equations.

1. Introduction

Many problems in the fields of most applied science and engineering encounter double integral equations or
partial differential equations describing the physical phenomena [20–22]. Solving such equations using single
transforms is more difficult than using the double transforms. In the past few decades, integral transforms
have been the focus of many authors due to their huge appearance in various applications in modern sciences
and engineering, in the current years, a very extensive literature on integral transforms of a function of one
but there is a little work available on double integral transform. Consequently, great attention has been
given to deal with the double integral transform.
Among the solution methods, integral transform methods are rather and popular, Hence in the literature,
there are many different types of integral transforms such as Fourier transform [1] Laplace [2, 3] transform,
Sumudu transform [4–6,19], Natural transform [7], Ezaki transform [8], and so on. These kinds of transforms

Received February 16th , 2020; accepted March 13th , 2020; published May 1st , 2020.

2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 44A10, 44A20, 44A30, 44A35.

Key words and phrases. partial differential equation (PDE); telegraph equation; integral equations; Sumudu transform (ST);
Laplace transforms (LT); Shehu transform (HT).
©2020 Authors retain the copyrights
of their papers, and all open access articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.

381
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 382

have a wide variety of applications in various areas in applied physics, applied mathematics, statistics,
engineering and in most of other sciences [9, 10].
Shehu transform (HT) of single variable [11], is a new transform which was recently introduced by Shehu
Maitama and Weidong Zhao in 2019. (HT) is a generalization of Laplace and Sumudu transforms. This
transform is used to solve both ordinary and partial differential equations. After the appearance of the (HT),
many authors applied this transform to solve partial differential equations including ordinary and fractional,
for instance, see [12–15, 20].
The main objective of this paper is to extend the one dimensional Shehu integral transform to two dimensional
Shehu integral transform namely double Shehu transform and to get the solution of initial and boundary
value problems in different areas of real life science and engineering.
This work is organized as follows. In section 2, we present some notations about Laplace, sumudu, and single
Shehu transforms. We then introduce the definition of double Shehu transform and its inverse with examples,
and we prove the existence and uniqueness theorems of the new transform in section 3. In section 4, we
discuss some properties and theorems related to the double Shehu transform. in section 5, we implement the
double Shehu transform method to some examples of double integral equations with convolution and partial
differential equations. Section 6 is for the conclusions of this paper.

2. Preliminaries

In this section, we present some basic notations about the Laplace, Sumudu and the Shehu transforms.
Definition 2.1.Let g : (0, ∞) → < be a real valued function. The single Laplace transform of g is defined
by:
Z ∞
G(p) = L (g (x) : p) = e−px g (x) dx, p ∈ C. (2.1)
0

Definition 2.2. [16] Let g(x, t), x, t > 0 be a real valued function. The double Laplace transform of g is
defined by:
Z ∞ Z ∞
Lx Lt (g (x, t) : (p, q)) = G(p, q) = e−(px+qt) g (x, t) dxdt, p, q ∈ C. (2.2)
0 0

Definition 2.3. Let g : (0, ∞) → < be a real valued function. The single Sumudu transform of g is defined
by:

Z ∞
G(p) = S (g (x) : p) = e−x g (px) dx, p ∈ C. (2.3)
0

Definition 2.4. [17] Let g(x, t) be a real valued function. The double Sumudu transform of g is defined by:
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 383

Z ∞ Z ∞
Sx St (g(x, τ ) : (p, q)) = G(p, q) = e−x−t g(px, qt)dxdt. (2.4)
0 0

Definition 2.5. [11] The single Shehu transforms (ST) of a real valued function g(x, t) with respect to the
variables x and t respectively, are defined by:
Z ∞
px
Hx (g (x, t) : p, u) = e− u g (x, t) dx, (2.5)
0
Z ∞
qt
Ht (g (x, t) : q, v) = e− v g (x, t) dt. (2.6)
0

−2
 2 
Definition 2.6. [11] The inverse Shehu transform g(x, t) = Hxt Hxt (g (x, t)) is defined by the complex
integral formula
Z α+i∞ Z γ−i∞
1 1 ( px 1 1 ( qt
−2 2
e u ) dp e v ) Hxt (g (x, t)) dq.
 
g(x, t) = Hxt Hxt (g (x, t)) = (2.7)
2πi α−i∞ u 2πi γ−i∞ v

3. Double Shehu transforms (DHT)

In this section, we introduce the definitions of (DHT) and the inverse of (DHT).

Definition 3.1. The (DHT) of the function g(x, t) is defined by the double integral as :
Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt (g (x, t)) = G [(p, q) , (u, v)] = e−( u + v ) g (x, t) dxdt, (3.1)
0 0

on the set of functions

( ! )
|x + t| 2
Ω= g (x, t) : ∃K, λ1 , λ2 > 0, |g (x, t)| < K exp , j = 1, 2 and (x, t) ∈ R+ ,
λ2j

provided that the integral exist.

−2
 2 
Definition 3.2. The inverse double Shehu transform g(x, t) = Hxt Hxt (g (x, t)) is defined by the complex
double integral formula
Z α+i∞ Z γ−i∞
1 1 ( px 1 1 ( qt
−2 2
e u ) dp e v ) Hxt
2
 
g(x, t) = Hxt Hxt (g (x, t)) = (g (x, t)) dq. (3.2)
2πi α−i∞ u 2πi γ−i∞ v

3.1. Existence and uniqueness of (DHT).

Theorem 3.1. Let g(x, t) be a continuous function on every finite intervals (0, X) and (0, T ), and of expo-
nential order, that is for some a, b ∈ <
|g(x, t)|
sup (ax+bt)
<∞
x,t>0 e

Then the (DHT) of g(x, t) exists.

Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 384

Proof. Using definition of DHT, we have

Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt (g (x, t)) = e−( u + v ) g (x, t) dxdt
0 0
Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
≤ e−( u + v ) |g (x, t)| dxdt
0 0
Z ∞Z ∞
px qt
≤K e−( u −ax)−( v −bt) dxdt
0 0
Z ∞ Z ∞
p q
=K e−( u −a)x dx e−( v −b)t dt
0 0
Kuv
= .
(p − au) (q − bv)

Theorem 3.2. Let h(x, t)and l(x, t) be continuous functions and having the double Shehu
2 2 2 2
transformsHxt (h (x, t)) and Hxt (l (x, t)) respectively. If Hxt (h (x, t)) = Hxt (l (x, t)) then h(x, t) = l(x, t).

Proof. Assume α, and γ to be sufficiently large, then since

Z α+i∞ Z γ−i∞
1 1 ( px 1 1 ( qt
−2
e u ) dp e v ) Hxt
 2  2
g(x, t) = Hxt Hxt (g (x, t)) = (g (x, t)) dq,
2πi α−i∞ u 2πi γ−i∞ v

we deduce that
Z α+i∞ Z γ−i∞
1 1 ( px 1 1 ( qt
h (x, t) = e u ) dp e v ) Hxt
2
(h (x, t)) dq
2πi α−i∞ u 2πi γ−i∞ v
Z α+i∞ Z γ−i∞
1 1 ( px 1 1 ( qt
= e u ) dp e v ) Hxt
2
(l (x, t)) dq
2πi α−i∞ u 2πi γ−i∞ v

= l (x, t) ,

and the theorem is established.

3.2. Double Shehu transform of some functions:

(1) If g(x, t) = 1, then

Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt uv
2
Hxt (g (x, t)) = e−( u + v ) dxdt = .
0 0 pq

(2) If g(x, t) = e(ax+bt) , then

Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt (g (x, t)) = e−( u + v ) e(ax+bt) dxdt
0 0
Z ∞ Z ∞ (p−au)x (q−bv)t
= e−( u + v ) dxdt
0 0
uv
= .
(p − au) (q − bv)
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 385

(3) If g(x, t) = ei(ax+bt) , then

2 uv
Hxt (g (x, t)) −
(p − aui) (q − bvi)
uv (pq + abuv) + (bpv + aqu) uvi
= .
(p2 + a2 u2 ) (q 2 + b2 v 2 )

As a consequence of property (3)

2 uv(pq+abuv)
Hxt (cos (ax + bt)) = (p2 +a2 u2 ) ,
2 uv(bpv+aqu)
Hxt (sin (ax + bt)) = (q 2 +b2 v 2 ) .

(4) If g(x, t) = cosh (ax + bt) , then

1 h 2  (ax+bt)   i
2
Hxt (g (x, t)) = Hxt e 2
+ Hxt e−(ax+bt)
2
 
1 uv uv
= + .
2 (p − au) (q − bv) (p + au) (q + bv)

Similarly,
 
2 1 uv uv
Hxt (sinh (ax + bt)) = − .
2 (p − au) (q − bv) (p + au) (q + bv)

(5) If g(x, t) = xn tm , n, m = 0, 1, 2, · · · , then

Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt (g (x, t)) = e−( u + v ) xn tm dxdt
0 0
Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
= e−( u ) xn dx e−( v ) tm dxdt,
0 0
 n+1  m+1
u v
= n!m! .
p q

(6) If g(x, t) = xα tγ , α ≥ −1, γ ≥ −1 then

Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt (g (x, t)) = e−( u + v ) xα tγ dxdt
0 0
Z ∞ Z ∞
−( px
u ) α
qt
= e x dx e−( v ) tγ dt
0 0
 px   
qt
by letting y = , and z =
u v
 α+1 Z ∞  γ+1 Z ∞
u −y α v
= e y dy e−z z γ dz
p 0 q 0
 α+1  γ+1
u v
= Γ (α + 1) Γ (γ + 1) .
p q

Where, Γ (.) is the Euler gamma function.

Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 386

4. Properties of the Double Shehu Transform

2
(1) The double Shehu transform Hxt (.) is a linear operator, that is

2 2 2
Hxt [(ag + bh) (x, t)] = aHxt [g(x, t)] + bHxt [h(x, t)] .

Proof.
Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt [(ag + bh) (x, t)] = e−( u + v ) (ag + bh) dxdt
0 0
Z ∞ Z ∞ Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt px qt
=a e−( u + v ) g (x, t) dxdt + b e−( u + v ) h (x, t) dxdt
0 0 0 0
2 2
= aHxt [g(x, t)] + bHxt [h(x, t)] .

(2) Changing of scale property

1 p q
2 2



If Hxt (g (x, t)) = G ((p, q), (u, v)) , then Hxt (g (ax, bt)) = ab G a, b , (u, v) .

Proof. Using the definition of (DHT), we deduce

Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt (g (ax, bt)) = e−( u + v ) g (ax, bt) dxdt (4.1)
0 0

Substituting y = ax, and z = bt in equation (4.1), we get

Z ∞ Z ∞
1 py qz
= e−( ua + vb ) g (y, z) dydz
ab 0 0
!
Z ∞Z ∞ − ( ap )y + ( qb )z
1 u v
= e g (y, z) dydz
ab 0 0
1  p q  
= G , , (u, v) .
ab a b

(3) Shifting property

e−(ax+bt) g (x, t) = G ((p + au, q + bv) , (u, v)) .
2 2


If Hxt (g (x, t)) = G ((p, q), (u, v)) , then Hxt

Proof. Using the definition of (DHT), we deduce

  Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt e−(ax+bt) g (x, t) = e−( u + v ) e−(ax+bt) g (x, t) dxdt
0 0
Z ∞ Z ∞ (p+au)x (q+bv)t
= e−( u + v ) g (x, t) dxdt
0 0

= G ((p + au, q + bv) , (u, v))

2
Theorem 4.1. If Hxt (g (x, t)) = G ((p, q), (u, v)) , Then

p q
2
Hxt [g (x − a, t − b) H (x − a, t − b)] = e−a u −b v G ((p, q), (u, v)) ,
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 387

where H (x, t) is the Heaviside unit step function defined as follows :


 1 x > a, t > b
H (x − a, t − b) =
 0 otherwise

Proof : By using the definition of (DHT), we have

Z ∞Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt [g (x − a, t − b) H (x − a, t − b)] = e−( u + v ) g (x − a, t − b) H (x − a, t − b) dxdt
0 0
Z ∞ Z ∞
px qt
= e−( u + v ) g (x − a, t − b) dxdt
a b

By substituting x − a = y , t − b = z , we get
Z ∞Z ∞ p(y+a) q(z+b)
= e−( u + v ) g (y, z) dydz
a b
Z ∞ Z ∞
ap bq py qz
= e −( u + v ) e−( u + v ) g (y, z) dydz
a b
ap bq
= e −( u + v ) H 2 (g (x, t)) .
xt

(4) The double Shehu transform of the first and the second order partial derivatives with respect to x
 
∂g p
2

2
Hxt ∂x = u G ((p, q), (u, v)) − Ht (g (0, t)) ,
 2 
∂ g p 2 2
G ((p, q), (u, v)) − up Ht (g (0, t)) − Ht ∂x
∂
2




Hxt ∂x2 = u g (0, t) .

Similarly, with respect to t

 
∂g
= vq G ((p, q), (u, v)) − Hx (g (x, 0)) ,
2


Hxt ∂t
 2 
2
∂ g
= vq G ((p, q), (u, v)) − vq Hx (g (x, 0)) − Hx ∂
2



Hxt ∂t2 ∂t g (x, 0) .

Moreover, the double Shehu transform for the mixed double order partial derivative of function of
two variables is given by
 2   
2 ∂ g pq q p
Hxt = G ((p, q), (u, v)) − Ht (g (0, t)) − Hx (g (x, 0)) + g (0, 0) .
∂x∂t uv v u

∂ng ∂mg
Theorem 4.2. The double Shehu transforms of the, n, m ∈ N times partial derivatives ∂xn , ∂tm , of
the function g(x, t) are given by :
 n    n−1  j 
2 ∂ g p n  p n−1 X  p n−1−j ∂
Hxt = G ((p, q), (u, v)) − Ht (g (0, t)) − Ht g (0, t) , (4.2)
∂xn u u j=1
u ∂xj
m−1
∂mg ∂j
   q n  q m−1  
2
X q m−1−j
Hxt = G ((p, q), (u, v)) − Hx (g (x, 0)) − Hx g (x, 0) .
∂tm v v j=1
v ∂tj

Proof. the proof can be done by mathematical induction.

Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 388

∂ng ∂mg
Theorem 4.3. If the double Shehu transform of ∂xn , ∂tm is given by equations (4.2) then the double
Shehu transforms of
∂ n g (x, t) m
m ∂ g (x, t)
xm , and t
∂xn ∂tm
are given by

n n
 
2 n ∂ g (x, t) n n ∂ 2


Hxt x = (−1) u Hxt (g (x, t)) , (4.3)
∂xn ∂pn

∂ m g (x, t) ∂m
 
2
tm = (−1)m v m m Hxt
2


Hxt m
(g (x, t)) , where m, n = 1, 2, 3, ... (4.4)
∂t ∂q

Proof. By using the definition of (DST), we get

Z ∞Z ∞
px qt
2
Hxt (g (x, t)) = e−( u + v ) g (x, t) dxdt, (4.5)
0 0

taking the nth partial derivative w.r.t p for both sides of equation (4.5), we have
Z ∞Z ∞ n h
∂n 2

∂ −( px qt
i
u + v ) g (x, t) dxd
H xt (g (x, t)) = e
∂pn 0 0 ∂pn
Z ∞ Z ∞  n
x px qt
= (−1)n e−( u + v ) g (x, t) dxd
0 0 u
Z ∞Z ∞
1 px qt
= (−1)n n xn e−( u + v ) g (x, t) dxd
u 0 0

n 1
= (−1) n Hxt (xn g (x, t)) ,
2


u

simplifying, we obtain

∂n
(−1)n un 2 2
(xn g (x, t)) .


n
Hxt (g (x, t)) = Hxt
∂p

Similarly, equation (4.4) can be proven.

Theorem 4.4. (Double Shehu-Double Laplace duality). If the (DHT) of a function g (x, t) exists,
then
  p q 
2
Hxt (g (x, t) (p, q) , (u, v)) = L2xt g (x, t) , , ,
u v
where L2xt denotes the (DLT) of the function g(x, t).

Proof. The proof can be done directly from the definition of (DHT) that is
Z ∞Z ∞   p q 
px qt
2
Hxt (g (x, t) (p, q) , (u, v)) = e−( u + v ) g (x, t) dxdt = L2xt g (x, t) , , .
0 0 u v

(5)
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 389

Theorem 4.5. (Double Shehu-Double Sumudu duality). If the (DHT) of a function g (x, t) exists,
then
  
2 uv 2 u v
Hxt (g (x, t) (p, q) , (u, v)) = S g (x, t) , , ,
pq xt p q
2
where Sxt denotes the (DST) of the function g(x, t).
px qt
Proof. By letting φ = u ,ϕ =
in the (DHT) formula, we get
v

uv ∞ ∞ −(y+y)
Z Z     
2 uy vz uv 2 u v
Hxt (g (x, t) (p, q) , (u, v)) = e g , dydz = Sxt g (x, t) , , .
pq 0 0 p q pq p q

Theorem 4.6. Let g (x, t) , and h (x, t) be of exponential order, having double Shehu transforms
2 2
Hxt (g (x, t)) , and Hxt (h (x, t)), respectively. The the double Shehu transform of the convolution of
g (x, t) and h (x, t)
Z x Z t
[g ∗ ∗h] (x, t) = g (x − κ, t − λ) h (κ, λ) dκdλ,
0 0

is given by
2 2 2
Hxt ([g ∗ ∗h] (x, t)) = Hxt (g (x, t)) Hxt (h (x, t))

Proof. Using theorem (4.5), we have

2 uv 2
Hxt ([g ∗ ∗h] (x, t)) = S ([g ∗ ∗h] (x, t))
pq xt
 2
uv 2 2
= Sxt (g (x, t)) Sxt (h (x, t))
pq
   
uv 2 uv 2
= Sxt (g (x, t)) Sxt (h (x, t))
pq pq
2 2
= Hxt (g (x, t)) Hxt (h (x, t)) .

5. Application of (DHT) method to integral and partial differential equations

In this section, we illustrate the applicability of the (DHT) method, by constructing some examples.
Example 5.1. Consider the following equation of Volterra Integro PDE.
Z xZ t
∂ ∂ x t x+t
g(x, t) + g(x, t) + 1 − e − e − e = g (κ, λ) dκdλ, (5.1)
∂x ∂t 0 0

with respect to the intial conditions

g(x, 0) = ex , g(0, t) = et . (5.2)

Applying (DHT) for equation (5.1) , we get,

p q
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) − Ht (g (0, t)) +
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) − Hx (g (x, 0)) (5.3)
u v
uv uv uv uv 2
+ − − − = Hxt ([g ∗ ∗1] (x, t)) .
pq (p − u) q (q − v) p (p − u) (q − v)
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 390

The single Shehu transform of the initial conditions

u v
Hx (g (x, 0)) = , Ht (g (0, t)) = . (5.4)
(p − u) (q − v)

Substituting equation (5.4) into equation(5.3), we get

p u q v
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) −
+ G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) − (5.5)
u (p − u) v (q − v)
 
uv uv uv uv uv
+ − − − = G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) .
pq (p − u) q (q − v) p (p − u) (q − v) pq

Simplifying, we get

uv
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = , (5.6)
(p − u) (q − v)

taking the inverse double Shehu transform of equation (5.6)

 
−2 uv
g (x, t) = Hxt = ex+t . (5.7)
(p − u) (q − v)

Example 5.2. Consider the following partial double integro-differential equation.

Z xZ t
∂2 ∂2
g(x, t) − g(x, t) + g(x, t) + ex−κ+t−λ g (κ, λ) dκdλ = xtex+t + ex+t , (5.8)
∂t2 ∂x2 0 0

with respect to the initial conditions

∂ ∂
g(x, 0) = ex , g(x, 0) = ex , g(0, t) = et , g(0, t) = et . (5.9)
∂x ∂t

Taking the (DHT) to both side of equation (5.8), we get

 q 2   
q ∂ p 2 2
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) − Hx (g (x, 0)) − Hx
g (x, 0) − G ((p, q), (u, v)) (5.10)
v v ∂t u
p  
∂
g (0, t) + G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) + Hxt
2
 x+t 

− Ht (g (0, t)) − Ht e ∗ ∗g (x, t)
u ∂x
u2 v 2 uv
= 2 2 + ,
(p − u) (q − v) (p − u) (q − v)

substituting the single Shehu transform of initial and boundary conditions,

   
u ∂ u v ∂ v
Hx (g (x, 0)) = , Hx g (x, 0) = , Ht (g (0, t)) = , Ht g (0, t) = ,
(p − u) ∂x (p − u) (q − v) ∂t (q − v)

in equation (5.10) we get

  
q 2  p 2 uv qu u pv v
− +1+ G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = + + +
v u (p − u) (q − v) (p − u) v (p − u) (q − v) u (q − v)
(5.11)

u2 v 2 uv
+ 2 2 + ,
(p − u) (q − v) (p − u) (q − v)
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 391

simplifying, we get

uv
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = , (5.12)
(p − u) (q − v)

taking the inverse double Shehu transform of equation (5.12)

 
−2 uv
g (x, t) = Hxt = ex+t . (5.13)
(p − u) (q − v)

Example 5.3. Consider the following partial integro-differential equation.

Z xZ t
∂2 −1 2 2
g(x, t) + g(x, t) = x t + xt + 1 + g (κ, λ) dκdλ, (5.14)
∂x∂t 4 0 0

with respect to the initial conditions

g(x, 0) = 0, g(0, t) = 0. (5.15)

Taking the (DHT) to both side of equation (5.15), we get

 pq  q p
G ((p, q), (u, v)) − Ht (g (0, t)) − Hx (g (x, 0)) + g (0, 0) + (5.16)
uv v u
u3 v 3 u2 v 2 uv
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = − + + 2
+ Hxt ([1 ∗ ∗g] (x, t)),
p3 q 3 p2 q 2 pq

substituting the single Shehu transform of initial and boundary conditions,

Ht (g (0, t)) = 0, Hx (g (x, 0)) = 0, (5.17)

in equation (5.16) we get

u3 v 3 u2 v 2
 
pq uv uv
+1− G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = − 3 3 + 2 2 + ,
uv pq p q p q pq

simplifying, we get

u2 v 2
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = , (5.18)
p2 q 2

taking the inverse double Shehu transform of equation (5.18)

 2 2
−2 u v
g (x, t) = Hxt = xt. (5.19)
p2 q 2

Example 5.4. Consider the following Partial differential Telegraph equation

∂ 2 g (x, t) ∂ 2 g (x, t) ∂g (x, t)

− − − g + x2 + t = 1, (5.20)
∂x2 ∂t2 ∂t

with respect to the initial and boundary conditions

∂
g (x, 0) = x2 , ∂t g (x, 0) = 1,
(5.21)
∂
g (0, t ) = t, ∂x g (0, t ) = 0.
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 392

Applying the (DHT) to both side of equation (5.20) and single (HT) to the initial and boundary conditions
(5.21), we get
 p 2    
2
p ∂ q 2 2 q
G ((p, q), (u, v)) − Ht (g (0, t)) − Ht g (0, t) − G ((p, q), (u, v)) + Hx (g (x, 0))
u u ∂x v v
(5.22)

u3 v uv 2
 
∂ q u
+Hx g (x, 0) − G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) + Hx (g (x, 0)) − G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) + 3 + 2 = .
∂t v p q pq p
Substituting the single (HT) of initial and boundary conditions
u3 v2
   
∂ u ∂
Hx (g (x, 0)) = 3 , Hx g (x, 0) = , Ht (g (0, t)) = 2 , Ht g (0, t) = 0,
p ∂t p q ∂x
in equation (5.22), we get
pv 2 qu3 u u3 u3 v uv 2
  
p 2  q 2  q  u
− − − 1 G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = 2 − 3 − − 3 − 3 − 2 + ,
u v v uq vp p p p q pq p
simplifying, we obtain
uv 2 u3 v 3
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = + 2 ,
pq 2 p3 q 3
taking the inverse of (DHT), we get
uv 2 u3 v 3
 
−2
g (x, t) = Hxt + 2 3 3 = t + x2 . (5.23)
pq 2 p q
Example 5.5. Consider the Korteweg- de Vries PDE.
∂3g ∂g ∂g
+ + = 0, (5.24)
∂x3 ∂x ∂t
with respect to the initial and boundary conditions
∂ ∂2
g (x, 0) = e−x , g (0, t ) = e2t , g (0, t ) = −e2t , g (0, t ) = e2t . (5.25)
∂x ∂x2
Applying the (DHT) to both side of equation (5.24) and single (HT) to initial and boundary conditions
(5.25), we get
 p 3  p 2 p    2 
∂ ∂
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) − Ht (g (0, t)) − Ht g (0, t) − Ht g (0, t) (5.26)
u u u ∂x ∂x2
p q
+ G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) − Ht (g (0, t)) + G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) − Hx (g (x, 0)) = 0,
u v
substituting the single (HT) of the initial and boundary conditions
   2 
u v ∂ −v ∂ v
Hx (g (x, 0)) = , Ht (g (0, t)) = , Ht g (0, t) = , Ht g (0, t) = ,
p+u q − 2v ∂x q − 2v ∂x2 q − 2v
in equation (5.26), we obtain
  
p 3 p q 2  p 2 v p v v v u
+ + G ((p, q), (u, v)) = − + + + ,
u u v u q − 2v u q − 2v q − 2v q − 2v p + u
simplifying,
 
2 u v
G ((p, q), (u, v)) = ,
p + u q − 2v
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 393

taking the inverse of (DHT), we get

 
−2 u v
g (x, t) = Hxt = e−x+2t . (5.27)
p + u q − 2v

Example 5.6. Consider the partial differential Euler –Bernoulli equation

∂4g ∂2g
+ = t2 + xt, (5.28)
∂x4 ∂t2

with respect to the initial and boundary conditions

∂ 1 5
g (x, 0) = 0, , ∂t g (x, 0) = 120 x ,
(5.29)
1 4 ∂i
g (0, t ) = 12 t , ∂xi g (0, t ) = 0, for, i = 1, 2, 3.

Applying the (DHT) to both side of equation (5.28) and single (HT) to initial and boundary conditions
(5.29), we get
 p 4  p 3  p 2    2 
2 ∂ p ∂
G ((p, q), (u, v)) − Ht (g (0, t)) − Ht g (0, t) Ht (g (0, t)) − Ht g (0, t)
u u u ∂x u ∂x2
(5.30)

∂3 2uv 2
     
q 2 2 q ∂ uv
−Ht 3
g (0, t) + G ((p, q), (u, v)) − Hx (g (x, 0)) − H x g (x, 0) = 2
+ ,
∂x v v ∂t pq pq

substituting,
   6  5  i 
∂ u v ∂
Hx (g (x, 0)) = 0, Ht g (x, 0) = , Ht (g (0, t)) = , Ht g (0, t) = 0, i = 1, 2, 3,
∂t p q ∂xi

in equation (5.30), we obtain

 
p 4  q 2
  p 3  v 5  u 6 2uv 2 uv
+ G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = + + 2
+ ,
u v u q p pq pq

simplifying,
2uv 4 v 2 u6
 
G2 ((p, q), (u, v)) = 4
+ 2 6 .
pq q p
Taking the inverse of (DHT), we get

2uv 4 v 2 u6 2t4 tx5

 
−2
g(x, t) = Hxt 4
+ 2 6
= + . (5.31)
pq q p 4! 5!

6. Conclusions

In this study, we have extended the work of [11], to the double Shehu transform (DHT). First, we have
discussed and proved the existence and uniqueness of the double Shehu transform. Next, Some Fundamental
properties and theorems using the new double Shehu transform have also been presented. It is analyzed
that the devolved method is well suited for use in integral and partial differential equations involving two
variables. Therefore, the proposed method is an efficient, accurate and reliable technique for the integrals and
partial differential equations. Finally, it is worthwhile to mention that the (DHT) can be coupled with some
Int. J. Anal. Appl. 18 (3) (2020) 394

other methods to solve non-linear (PDEs) arising in applied mathematics, applied physics and engineering,
which will be discussed in subsequent articles.
Conflicts of Interest: The author(s) declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication
of this paper.

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