1

CONTENTS
HƯỚNG DẪN SỬ DỤNG TÀI LIỆU ................................................................................................ 1
TOPIC 1: EDUCATION ..................................................................................................................... 2
Practice questions................................................................................................................................... 2
Main points ............................................................................................................................................ 3
TOPIC 2: WORK ................................................................................................................................ 7
Practice questions................................................................................................................................... 7
Main points ............................................................................................................................................ 8
TOPIC 3: HEALTH .......................................................................................................................... 11
Practice questions................................................................................................................................. 11
Main points .......................................................................................................................................... 12
TOPIC 4: ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................................. 16
Practice questions................................................................................................................................. 16
Main points .......................................................................................................................................... 17
TOPIC 5: BUSINESS ........................................................................................................................ 22
Practice questions................................................................................................................................. 22
Main points .......................................................................................................................................... 23
TOPIC 6: ENTERTAINMENT ........................................................................................................ 27
Practice questions................................................................................................................................. 27
Main points .......................................................................................................................................... 27
TOPIC 7: SPORTS ............................................................................................................................ 32
Practice questions................................................................................................................................. 32
Main points .......................................................................................................................................... 33
TOPIC 8: LANGUAGE .................................................................................................................... 37
Practice questions................................................................................................................................. 37
Main points .......................................................................................................................................... 38
TOPIC 9: TECHNOLOGY .............................................................................................................. 42
Practice questions................................................................................................................................. 42
Main points .......................................................................................................................................... 43
TOPIC 10: SOCIAL ISSUES ........................................................................................................... 46
Practice questions................................................................................................................................. 46
Main points .......................................................................................................................................... 47

2
 HƯỚNG DẪN SỬ DỤNG TÀI LIỆU
Trong kỳ thi IELTS Writing, việc lên ý tưởng cho các câu hỏi được đặt ra trong đề bài là
một thách thức không nhỏ đối với học sinh. Đôi khi, áp lực thời gian và yêu cầu về mặt
phát triển nội dung làm cho họ mất hứng thú và không biết bắt đầu từ đâu. Điều này có thể
dẫn đến việc viết những đoạn văn thiếu logic và không thuyết phục.Vì vậy, IELTS Xuân
Phi, với hơn 10 năm kinh nghiệm giảng dạy IELTS và thành công trong việc hướng dẫn
hàng trăm học viên đạt điểm cao (7.0, 7.5 và 8.0) trong kỹ năng Writing, đã biên soạn một
bộ tài liệu mang tên BỘ DỰ ĐOÁN SỚM CHỦ ĐỀ WRITING QUÝ I/2024 nhằm giúp
các bạn thí sinh chuẩn bị cho kỳ thi sắp tới. Tài liệu này sẽ hỗ trợ các bạn lên ý tưởng cho
50 đề bài IELTS Writing Task 2 khác nhau, với các đề được chia thành 10 Topics. Trong
mỗi Topic sẽ có 02 phần, với các thông tin cụ thể như sau:
Phần 1: Practice Questions
Phần này sẽ bao gồm một danh sách từ 4 tới 7 đề bài IELTS Writing Task 2 khác nhau liên
quan tới Topic bạn chọn. Các bạn có thể bắt đầu bằng việc đọc danh sách này để chọn đề
mình muốn xem và chuyển qua phần 2 nhé.
Phần 2: Main Points
Phần thứ hai này sẽ bao gồm các đề bài cụ thể, đi kèm với danh sách ý tưởng hỗ trợ, và
cuối cùng là danh sách Reference để các bạn tham khảo.
Cách học:
Bước 1: Các bạn sử dụng mục lục để lựa chọn Topic mà mình muốn xem trong tổng cộng
10 topic.
Bước 2: Các bạn lựa chọn đề bài mình muốn xem trong Topic đó bằng cách đọc danh sách
đề trong phần “Practice Questions”.
Bước 3: Các bạn sang trang tiếp theo để tham khảo danh sách ý tưởng cho mỗi đề. Các ý
tưởng này đã được chia làm các hướng khác nhau để giúp các bạn dễ dàng trả lời câu hỏi
của đề.
Bước 4: Các bạn click vào các đường link trong phần Reference để đọc tài liệu tham khảo.
Các tài liệu này đều liên quan trực tiếp tới ý tưởng nêu trong danh sách, vậy nên các bạn
hãy đọc kỹ để hiểu rõ hơn ý tưởng và cách triển khai, đồng thời học thêm các từ vựng và
cấu trúc hay.
*Trong trường hợp các bạn không truy cập được vào Link Reference, các bạn hãy thử đổi
phần mềm khác để mở tài liệu như Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge...
Sau khi thực hiện các bước trên, các bạn sẽ hình thành được quan điểm của bản thân về
vấn đề của đề bài, và cũng sẽ nắm được các ý tưởng cụ thể để triển khai trong bài viết. Kết
hợp với các từ vựng học thuật các bạn học được, các bạn có thể bắt tay vào viết bài ngay
cho nóng nhé.
 TOPIC 1: EDUCATION

Practice questions
1. Question: Some people believe that everyone has a right to have access to
university education and that governments should make it free for all students no
matter what financial background they have.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. Question: Some people think that schools should invest more money in
technology, such as more computers, while others think more money should be
spent on teachers. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
3. Question: Some people think that children should begin their education at a very
early age. Some think they should begin at least 7 years old. Discuss both views and
give your own opinion.
4. Question: Some people think that sending criminals to prison is not effective.
Education and job training should be used instead.
Do you agree or disagree?
5. Question: Students should be taught academic knowledge so that they can pass
exams, and skills such as cooking or dressing should not be taught.
To what extent do you agree/disagree?
 Main points
Question 1: Some people believe that everyone has a right to have access to university
education and that governments should make it free for all students no matter what
financial background they have.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Arguments in favor of free and Arguments against free and universal

universal access to university education access to university education

● Providing free education can lead
to a more educated workforce.
● Free education can help reduce
socioeconomic inequality.
● Waiving university tuition will put
a strain on government coffers.
● The abolition of university tuition
may take a toll on students’
academic performance.

Reference:
● 5 Reasons Why College Should Be Free: The Case for Debt-Free Education
● Should university education be free?
● A debate is under way about the cost of higher education
● What makes Germany a popular choice among international students?
Question 2: Some people think that schools should invest more money in technology,
such as more computers, while others think more money should be spent on teachers.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
The reasons why schools should invest The reasons why schools should invest
more in technology more in teachers

● Schools should provide greater ● Investing in teachers helps build a

funding for technology to directly
enhance the student learning
experiences.
● Technology enables students to
access educational resources
globally.
team of high-quality educators.
● Teachers contribute significantly to
students' emotional and social
development.

Reference:
● 5 Reasons Why Schools Should Invest in Technology This Year
● Investing in Education Starts with Investing in Teachers
Question 3: Some people think that children should begin their education at a very early
age. Some think they should begin at least 7 years old.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

The reasons why children should begin The reasons why children should begin
their education at a very early age their education at least 7 years old

● Early education can stimulate a ● Delaying formal education until

child's cognitive development.
● Preschool and early education
settings provide opportunities for
children to develop soft skills.
● Early childhood education can help
children become more prepared for
formal schooling.
around age 7 allows children to
begin their academic journey when
they are developmentally more
prepared.
● Starting formal education at a later
age can potentially reduce stress
and anxiety for both children and
their families.
● Delaying formal education allows
children to enjoy a more extended
period of childhood.

Reference:
● Benefits of Early Childhood Education: A Comprehensive Exploration
● How soft skills are taught in early learning services
● Early Childhood Training: A Foundation for Lifelong Success
● Better Late than Early
● School Readiness: What is the right age for your child?
● Delaying formal education allows children to enjoy a more extended period of
childhood.

Question 4: Some people think that sending criminals to prison is not effective.
Education and job training should be used instead.
Do you agree or disagree?
 Sending criminals to prison is still Education and job training should be
effective used instead

● The threat of imprisonment is ● Providing education and vocational

meant to serve as a deterrent to
potential offenders.
● Incarceration removes dangerous
individuals from the community,
reducing the immediate threat they
pose to public safety.
training to inmates can significantly
reduce the likelihood of
reoffending.
● Education and job training can
address the underlying factors that
contribute to criminal behavior.

Reference:
● Five Things About Deterrence
● The Crime Prevention Effects of Incarceration
● Education and Vocational Training in Prisons Reduces Recidivism, Improves
Job Outlook
● Education and Crime

Question 5: Students should be taught academic knowledge so that they can pass exams,
and skills such as cooking or dressing should not be taught.
To what extent do you agree/disagree?

The reasons why students should be The reasons why skills such as cooking
taught academic knowledge or dressing should be taught

● Many academic subjects have ● Learning how to cook and dress

direct practical applications in
everyday life.
● Academic knowledge instills a love
for learning and the ability to
pursue further education throughout
one's life.
● A solid academic background
opens doors to a wide range of
career opportunities.
oneself fosters self-sufficiency.
● Cooking skills can have a positive
impact on their overall health.
● Proficiency in cooking can open up
opportunities for employment in
the food industry.
 The reasons why students should be The reasons why skills such as cooking
taught academic knowledge or dressing should be taught

Reference:
● Science practical work and its impact on its impact on students’ science
achievement
● Benefits of Education Are Societal and Personal
● Building Self-help Skills through Cooking
● Learning cooking skills at different ages: a cross-sectional study
● Cooking Skills: Examples and Tips on How to Improve Them
 TOPIC 2: WORK

Practice questions
1. Question: Some people work harder than others.
Why is this?
Is this a positive or negative habit?
2. Question: Some people believe that it is a good idea that older people continue to
work if it is possible for them to do. Do you agree or disagree?
3. Question: In most successful companies, some people think that communication
between employers and workers is the most important factor, other people say that
other factors are more important. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
4. Question: Some people want to be able to contact their staff at all times, even on
holidays.
Does this development have more advantages than disadvantages?
5. Question: More and more people are now moving away from an agricultural
background to cities for work.
What will be the consequences of this? What solution can you offer?
 Main points
Question 1: Some people work harder than others.
Why is this? Is this a positive or negative habit?

The reasons why people work harder Effects of this habits

● Some individuals are inherently ● Working hard can lead to the

driven by a strong internal
motivation to achieve their goals.
● This is due to natural differences in
temperament.
● Those who genuinely enjoy what
they do are more likely to invest
time and effort into their tasks.
accomplishment of personal and
professional goals.
● Excessive and sustained hard work
without adequate rest can lead to
burnout.
● Prioritizing work excessively may
lead to neglect in other important
areas of life.
● Constantly pushing oneself to work
harder may contribute to mental
health issues.

Reference:
● Why do some people work harder than others?
● 5 Benefits of Hard Work
● 6 Ways Working Too Hard Is Bad for Your Health

Question 2: Some people believe that it is a good idea that older people continue to work
if it is possible for them to do.
Do you agree or disagree?

Arguments in favor of older people Arguments against older people

continuing to work continuing to work

● Doing so can encourage greater ● Allowing older people to remain in

financial independence.
● Staying active in the workforce can
contribute to the mental and
physical well-being of older
individuals.
employment can exacerbate
unemployment rates among
younger workers.
● Health concerns may arise as
individuals age, making it difficult
 Arguments in favor of older people Arguments against older people
continuing to work continuing to work

● Older workers can play a crucial for them to perform job duties
role in transferring institutional effectively and safely.
knowledge to younger generations.

Reference:
What drives older adults to continue working after official retirement age?
The Advantages of Older Workers
Many older workers have difficult jobs that put them at risk

Question 3: In most successful companies, some people think that communication

between employers and workers is the most important factor, other people say that other
factors are more important.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Communication between employers and Other factors
workers

● Effective communication fosters ● The quality and innovation of a

collaboration and teamwork.
● Transparent communication can
boost employee engagement.
● Communication is vital for
problem-solving.
company's products or services
play a significant role in one
business’s success.
● Hiring and retaining the right talent
is crucial.
● Strategic planning is a vital
element of success.

Reference:
● Fostering Collaborative Communication in the Workplace | Box, Inc.
● Why transparency is key to employee engagement
● Good Communication Can Help Solve Problems | Ag Decision Maker
● Importance of Quality: Explanation & Importance | StudySmarter

Question 4: Some people want to be able to contact their staff at all times, even on
holidays.
Does this development have more advantages than disadvantages?
 Advantages Disadvantages

● Maintaining constant ● Maintaining work-life balance

communication with employees
can increase productivity.
● It can provide flexibility for
employees to address urgent work
matters or make important
decisions.
● It can meet client expectations.
becomes challenging when
employees are expected to be on
call during their time off.
● Constant accessibility can lead to
burnout.
● It can decrease employee job
satisfaction.

Reference:
● The Disadvantages of Being Connected to Work 24/7
● Strategies to increase employee productivity What are the most relevant?
● 12 Tips to Achieve and Maintain a Good Work-Life Balance

Question 5: More and more people are now moving away from an agricultural background
to cities for work.
What will be the consequences of this? What solution can you offer?
Consequences Solutions

● Rapid urbanization can strain urban ● Governments should develop

infrastructure and services
● This gives rise to unemployment
and underemployment.
● This migration can lead to
depopulation in rural areas.
efficient public transportation
systems
● Governments should implement
well-planned urbanization
strategies
● Governments should invest in rural
development

Reference:
● Urbanization: a problem for the rich and the poor? | Public Health Reviews
● Rapid urbanisation: opportunities and challenges to improve the well-being of
societies | Human Development Reports
● Urbanization Causes and Impacts | National Geographic
 TOPIC 3: HEALTH

Practice questions
1. Question: Some people think that public health is the responsibility of the
government while others think that people should be responsible for their own
health.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
2. Question: Doctors should be responsible for educating their patients about how to
improve their health. Do you agree or disagree with this?
3. Question: Healthcare should not be provided for free regardless of a person’s
income. The health of a person is in their own hands and they should, therefore, be
held accountable for that.
Do you agree with this opinion?
4. Question: Some people think that public health in a country can be improved by
the government making laws regarding nutritious food. Others, however, think
that health is a matter of personal choice and responsibility.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
5. Question: The number of people who are at risk of serious health problems due to
being overweight is increasing.
What is the reason for the growth of overweight people in society? How can this
problem be solved?
 Main points
Question 1: Some people think that public health is the responsibility of the government
while others think that people should be responsible for their own health.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

The reasons why public health is the The reasons why people should be
responsibility of the government responsible for their own health.

● Governments have the authority to ● Individuals who prioritize

implement large-scale public health
measures.
● Governments have the resources to
invest in enhancing healthcare
services.
● Government intervention helps
ensure the common good of a
healthy population.
preventive measures and maintain a
healthy lifestyle may incur fewer
healthcare costs in the long run.
● Individuals’ entire responsibility
for their own health can ease the
government’s burdens on
healthcare.
● Individuals’ entire responsibility
for their own health is also their
social responsibility.

Reference:
● Responsibility for health: personal, social, and environmental
● Governmental Public Health Powers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
● Why Investors Should be Optimistic About Vietnam’s Healthcare Industry
● The Impact of Personalized Preventive Care on Health Care Quality, Utilization,
and Expenditures

Question 2: Doctors should be responsible for educating their patients about how to
improve their health. Do you agree or disagree with this?

For Against

● Doctors can offer personalized
health advice based on an
individual's medical history.
● Doctors possess extensive medical
knowledge and expertise.
● Each patient has their own duty to
take care of their health on a daily
basis.
● Doctors have more urgent
priorities.
 For Against

● Doctors’ advice or sharing can be

too complex for each patient to
understand and follow.

Reference:
● 3 Benefits of Patient Education: Improving Safety and Quality of Care
● 6 Benefits of Patient Education & How to Educate Patients
● Patient Education
● Educating patients: understanding barriers, learning styles, and teaching
techniques

Question 3: Healthcare should not be provided for free regardless of a person’s income.
The health of a person is in their own hands and they should, therefore, be held
accountable for that.
Do you agree with this opinion?
Arguments in favor of providing Arguments against providing
healthcare for free regardless of income healthcare for free regardless of income

● This can lead to improved public
health.
● Free healthcare encourages
individuals to seek preventative
care and early treatment for
medical issues, reducing the spread
of diseases and the need for costly,
advanced treatments later on.
● When individuals have to pay for
their healthcare to some extent,
they are more likely to make
responsible health choices and
adopt healthy lifestyles.
● In a system where healthcare is
entirely free, there may be concerns
about overutilization of healthcare
services.
● Providing free healthcare to
everyone can strain a government's
budget.

Reference:
● Health care systems: models, pros and cons, and smart health card contribution
● Should the U.S. Government Provide Universal Health Care?
Question 4: Some people think that public health in a country can be improved by the
government making laws regarding nutritious food. Others, however, think that health is
a matter of personal choice and responsibility. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Public health can be improved by the Health is a matter of personal choice

government making laws regarding and responsibility.
nutritious food.

● Government regulations can reduce ● Individuals should have the

the prevalence of diet-related
diseases.
● Regulations can ensure that
healthier food options are more
accessible and affordable.
● Regulations can protect consumers
from deceptive advertising and
marketing of unhealthy food
products.
freedom to make their own dietary
decisions.
● People have diverse dietary
preferences, cultural backgrounds,
and health needs.
● Regulations alone may have limited
effectiveness in changing behavior.

Reference:
● Healthy Foods and Healthy Diets. How Government Policies Can Steer Food
Reformulation - PMC
● How Government Policies and Regulations Can Affect Dietary Choices
● Government Control of Your Diet: Threats to “Freedom to Eat” | The Heritage
Foundation
Question 5: The number of people who are at risk of serious health problems due to
being overweight is increasing.
What is the reason for the growth of overweight people in society? How can this problem
be solved?

Reasons Problems

● High consumption of processed ● The government should promote

foods contributes to weight gain
● A sedentary lifestyle leads to
overweightness
● The marketing of unhealthy foods
and beverages has influenced
dietary choices.
awareness and education about the
importance of a balanced diet and
regular physical activity.
● The government should invest in
programs that support physical
activity
● The government should impose a
ban on the marketing of unhealthy
products to children

Reference:
● Highly Processed Foods Linked to Weight Gain | NIH News in Health.
● A sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of obesity
● Promoting the production of healthy food
 TOPIC 4: ENVIRONMENT

Practice questions
1. While some people consider global warming to be the most pressing
environmental problem which we have at the moment, others believe that
deforestation has a more devastating impact on our world.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
2. With increasing populations and ever growing urban centers, many countries are
losing their natural beauty spots.
What benefits are there to protecting places of natural beauty?
How can this be solved?
3. Question: Human activities have negative effects on plant and animal species.
Some people think it is too late to do anything about this problem. Others believe
that effective measures can be taken to improve this situation.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
4. Question: Nowadays, people have little awareness of the importance of the natural
world.
What are the reasons and how can people learn more about the natural world?
5. Question: It is often said that governments spend too much money to protect
wildlife, while there are other problems that are more important.
Do you agree or disagree?
 Main points
Question 1: While some people consider global warming to be the most pressing
environmental problem which we have at the moment, others believe that deforestation
has a more devastating impact on our world.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

The reasons of why global warming is The reasons of why deforestation has a
considered the most pressing more devastating impact on our world
environmental problem which we have
at the moment

● Global warming contributes to the ● Deforestation can cause loss of

intensification and increased biodiversity.
frequency of extreme weather ● This phenomenon can entail a great
events. impact on indigenous peoples.
● Changes in temperature and
precipitation patterns disrupt
ecosystems.
● Warming temperatures contribute
to the melting of glaciers and ice
caps, leading to the thermal
expansion of seawater.

Reference:
● Global Warming 101
● Ice melt and sea level rise
● Effects of Deforestation

Question 2: With increasing populations and ever growing urban centers, many countries
are losing their natural beauty spots.
What benefits are there to protecting places of natural beauty?
How can this be solved?
 The benefits The solutions

● Protecting natural beauty helps ● The government should impose

conserve biodiversity.
● Many natural beauty spots can help
boost tourism.
● This can contribute to improved
human well-being.
strict laws on those who destroy
natural beauty spots.
● The local authorities should
integrate green spaces and nature
reserves into urban planning.
● Sustainable tourism practices
should be encouraged among
visitors coming to cities.

Reference:
● 10 Benefits of the Natural Protected Areas in San Quintin
● WHY WE'RE PROTECTING NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS
● Government Aims to Crack Down on Illegal Entrepreneurship and Protect
Greece’s Beautiful Natural Assets
● Alaminos takes measures for sustainable tourism

Question 3: Human activities have negative effects on plant and animal species. Some
people think it is too late to do anything about this problem. Others believe that effective
measures can be taken to improve this situation.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.

The reasons why it is too late to do The reasons why effective measures
anything about this problem can be taken to improve this situation

● Human activities have led to the
destruction and fragmentation of
natural habitats.
● Climate change, driven by human
activities, is altering ecosystems
and threatening species with
changing temperature and weather
patterns.
● Governments can enact laws to ban
illegal acts that pose a threat to
natural habitats.
● Governments can invest in the
establishment of protected areas.
● Increasing public awareness about
the importance of biodiversity and
the threats to plant and animal
species can lead to changes in
consumer behavior and policies.
 The reasons why it is too late to do The reasons why effective measures
anything about this problem can be taken to improve this situation

● Extinctions have occurred, and

once a species is lost, it cannot be
recovered.

Reference:
● Habitat destruction
● Climate change and its impact on biodiversity and human welfare
● Mass Extinctions
● 7 Strategies for protecting wildlife

Question 4: Nowadays, people have little awareness of the importance of the natural world.
What are the reasons and how can people learn more about the natural world?

The reasons why people have little Ways to help people learn more about
awareness of the importance of the the natural world
natural world.

● As more people move to urban ● The government should promote

areas, they become disconnected
from nature and spend less time in
natural environments.
● The prevalence of digital devices
and technology can lead to screen
time taking precedence over
outdoor activities and nature
exploration.
● In some cases, formal education
systems may not prioritize
environmental or ecological
environmental education at all
levels of the educational system,
from early childhood through
adulthood.
● The government should encourage
participation in nature-based
programs and outdoor activities.
● Information and stories about the
natural world should be widely
shared through mass media.
 The reasons why people have little Ways to help people learn more about
awareness of the importance of the the natural world
natural world.

education, leaving individuals with

limited knowledge about the
natural world.
● People's busy lives may leave little
time for outdoor activities or nature
exploration, further reducing their
awareness of the natural world.

Reference:
● Reconnecting communities with nature through local libraries
● How Modern Life Became Disconnected from Nature
● Disconnection from nature: Expanding our understanding of human–nature
relations

Question 5: It is often said that governments spend too much money to protect wildlife,
while there are other problems that are more important.
Do you agree or disagree?

Arguments in favor of government Arguments against government

spending on wildlife protection spending on wildlife protection

● Wildlife plays a critical role in ● Governments have limited

maintaining ecosystems, which resources, and these resources
provide essential services for should be allocated to more
human well-being. pressing issues.
● Protecting wildlife can help ● The cost of conservation efforts
mitigate the impact of climate does not justify the benefits.
change and emerging diseases,
potentially saving resources in the
long term.
● Wildlife-related activities, such as
ecotourism and sustainable hunting,
 Arguments in favor of government Arguments against government
spending on wildlife protection spending on wildlife protection

can contribute significantly to local

economies.
● Some people argue that the
preservation of wildlife has intrinsic
value and that humans have a moral
responsibility to protect other
species.

Reference:
● Determining the economic costs and benefits of conservation actions: A decision
support framework
● Why it’s Critical to Protect Wildlife and Endangered Species
● Conservationists’ moral obligations toward wildlife: Values and identity
promote conservation conflict
 TOPIC 5: BUSINESS

Practice questions

1. Question: Some people say that the increasing business and cultural contact
between countries is positive development, while others think that many countries
will lose their national identities as a result. Discuss both views and give your
opinion
2. Question: Research recently shows an increasing number of business meetings and
training taking place online. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the
disadvantages?
3. Question: The expansion of multinational companies and increase in globalization
produce positive effects for everyone.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
4. Question: Some people think that big companies should provide sports and social
facilities for the local community.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
5. Question: Large businesses have big budgets for marketing and promotion and as
a result, people gravitate towards buying their products. What problems does this
cause? What could be done to encourage people to buy local products?
 Main points
Question 1: Some people say that the increasing business and cultural contact between
countries is positive development, while others think that many countries will lose their
national identities as a result. Discuss both views and give your opinion

Growing business and cultural contact Loss of national identities

between nations is a positive thing

● In terms of business, companies ● Local companies might struggle to

now have a chance to expand to
foreign markets, creating job
opportunities among local
residents.
● Concerning cultural aspect,
increased cultural contact fosters a
deeper understanding and
appreciation of different cultures,
promoting global harmony and
cooperation
compete with larger multinational
corporations, leading to a decline in
traditional industries.
● Dominant foreign cultures may
overshadow local traditions,
customs, and languages, leading to
a loss of unique cultural identities

Reference:
● Discover the Top 5 Advantages of International Expansion
● Understanding The Role Of Culture In International Business
● How cultural differences impact international business

Question 2: Research recently shows an increasing number of business meetings and

training taking place online. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the
disadvantages?

Advantages of an increase in online Disadvantages of an increase in online

business meetings and training sessions business meetings and training sessions

● Online meetings and training ● Virtual meetings can be disrupted

reduce the need for travel, by technical problems like poor
accommodation, and physical internet connectivity, software
venue rentals. glitches, or hardware malfunctions,
reducing the quality of meetings.
 Advantages of an increase in online
business meetings and training sessions
● Online sessions can be more easily
scheduled and rescheduled, offering
greater flexibility to accommodate
different time zones and personal
schedules.
Reference:
● Pros and Cons of the Online Meetings
● The Advantages and Disadvantages of Virtual Meetings
● The Disadvantages of Online Meetings
Question 3: The expansion of multinational companies and increase in globalization
produce positive effects for everyone.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Arguments for positive effects
● Globalization and the presence of
multinational companies can lead to
increased economic growth.
● This can promote cultural diversity
and understanding.
● Globalization allows for increased
trade between nations, leading to a
wider variety of goods and services
available to consumers at
competitive prices.
Disadvantages of an increase in online
business meetings and training sessions
● Online meetings lack face-to-face
interactions, leading to challenges
in building rapport and trust among
team members.
Arguments for negative effects
● Globalization and the expansion of
multinational companies can
exacerbate income inequality.
● Some multinational companies are
criticized for exploiting labor and
resources in less developed
countries, leading to ethical and
human rights concerns.
● The homogenizing effects of
globalization can lead to the loss of
cultural diversity and the erosion of
local traditions and values.
● The pursuit of profit by
multinational corporations can
sometimes come at the cost of
environmental degradation.
 Reference:
● The Significance and Influence of Multinational Corporations on the Global
Economy
● How Globalization Impacts Local Culture & Society
● How economic globalisation affects income inequality (news article)
● Multinational Corporations and Labor Conditions
● Cultural Erosion: A Simple Explanation - Tourism Teacher.

Question 4: Some people think that big companies should provide sports and social
facilities for the local community.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Arguments for big companies providing Arguments against big companies
sports and social facilities for the local providing sports and social facilities for
community the local community

● Providing sports and social ● Building and maintaining sports

facilities can be seen as a part of
their corporate social responsibility
efforts.
● This can have a positive impact on
the overall well-being of the local
population.
● This can attract and retain a skilled
workforce, which can benefit the
enterprise’s operations and
reputation.
● Offering these amenities to the
local community can also boost
employee morale and satisfaction.
and social facilities might divert
resources and attention from
corporations’ core functions.
● Companies may not have the
expertise or understanding of
community needs.
● It may lead to disparities between
communities where companies are
located and those where they are
not.
● Companies may not always be
committed to long-term
sustainability of these resources.

Reference:
● Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility 2013
● Community benefits of major sport facilities: The Darebin International Sports
Centre - ScienceDirect
● From Corporate Social Responsibility to Employee Well-Being: Navigating the
Pathway to Sustainable Healthcare
● Sports Facilities Development and Urban Generation
Question 5: Large businesses have big budgets for marketing and promotion and as a
result, people gravitate towards buying their products.
What problems does this cause? What could be done to encourage people to buy local
products?

Effects of business marketing Measures to promote sales

● Product marketing may entice ● Government can subsidize small-

consumers to buy unnecessary
items.
● Marketing can be expensive and
drain profits, especially for smaller
businesses.
● Many promoting campaigns are not
effective because of a lack of
further outcome research.
● This practice might lead to a
hypercompetitive market, leading
to the loss of many small local
brands.
medium-enterprises through fair
trade reforms.
● Awareness campaigns can be
introduced to the population so that
they understand the importance of
supporting local vendors.
● The ban on targeted advertising can
be applied.

Reference:
● Advertising Makes Us Unhappy
● EU parliament backs tighter rules on behavioural ads
● The Disadvantages of Target Marketing
 TOPIC 6: ENTERTAINMENT

Practice questions

1. Question: Some people say that young people can learn useful skills by playing
electronic and computer games. Others say that young people who play electronic
and computer games are wasting their time. Discuss both views and give your own
opinions.
2. Question: Celebrities have a significant impact on young people’s lifestyles. Do
you think this is a positive or negative development?
3. Question: Films were produced by big companies in the past, but today people are
able to make a film. Is this a negative or positive development?
4. Question: The availability of entertainment such as video games on handheld
devices is harmful to individuals and to the society they live in. To what extent do
you agree and disagree?
5. Question: Some think that all entertainment TV programmes should educate
people about the importance of social issues. To what extent do you agree or
disagree?
 Main points

Question 1: Some people say that young people can learn useful skills by playing
electronic and computer games. Others say that young people who play electronic and
computer games are wasting their time. Discuss both views and give your own opinions.

Reasons why young people can learn Reasons why play electronic games are
useful skills by playing computer games wasting their time

● Many computer games require ● Prolonged periods of gaming can

players to think critically and solve
complex problems to advance,
enhancing young people's problem-
solving abilities
● Multiplayer games allow youngsters
to boost teamwork, communication,
and collaboration skills.
● Games with open-ended scenarios
or those that allow players to create
their own worlds can foster
creativity and imagination.
contribute to a lack of physical
exercise, leading to issues like
obesity, poor posture, and other
health-related problems.
● Excessive gaming can lead to
isolation from real-world social
interactions.
● Spending too much time in the
virtual world can negatively impact
academic or work performance.

Reference:
● The benefits of video games in learning
● The Benefits of Computer Games for Children
● What Are the Pros and Cons of Video Games?
● 5 Drawbacks & Benefits of Computer Games

Question 2: Celebrities have a significant impact on young people’s lifestyles. Do you

think this is a positive or negative development?

The positive influence of celebrities on The negative influence of celebrities on

young people’s lifestyles young people’s lifestyles

● Young people may be inspired by ● The lavish lifestyles of many

their success stories, hard work, celebrities can promote materialism
 The positive influence of celebrities on The negative influence of celebrities on
young people’s lifestyles young people’s lifestyles

and determination, motivating them and consumerism among young

to pursue their own goals and
dreams.
● Celebrities from diverse
backgrounds can promote cultural
understanding and appreciation
among young people.
● Celebrities can play a crucial role in
raising awareness about critical
issues such as mental health,
climate change, and social justice.
people.
● Some celebrities may engage in
behavior that is unhealthy or
immoral, which can negatively
influence impressionable young
people.
● Celebrities often represent an
idealized image that can lead to
unrealistic expectations for
appearance, contributing to body
image issues among young people.

Reference:
● How Celebrities Influence Teens and Why it Matters
● Positive Effect Celebrities Have on Teens
● The Influence of Celebrities on Children's Upbringing
● Are Celebrities Good Role Models for Teens?

Question 3: Films were produced by big companies in the past, but today people are able
to make a film. Is this a negative or positive development?

The advantages of individual Disadvantages of individual filmmaking

filmmaking

● Independent filmmaking allows for ● The lack of funding for high-

more diverse stories. quality equipment, experienced
● Individual filmmaking brings more crew, and professional actors can
opportunities for people who reduce the quality of the final
pursue filmmaking careers. product.
 The advantages of individual Disadvantages of individual filmmaking
filmmaking

● The ability for individuals to make ● Independent filmmakers are also

films provides a platform for more vulnerable to legal issues.
artistic and creative expression.

Reference:
● Pros and Cons of Independent Films
● These Factors Give Independent Films An Advantage Over Blockbusters
● What is Independent Filmmaking?

Question 4: The availability of entertainment such as video games on handheld devices

is harmful to individuals and to the society they live in.
To what extent do you agree and disagree?

The reasons why the availability of The reasons why the availability of
entertainment is harmful to individuals entertainment is beneficial to
and to the society individuals and to the society

● People may choose solitary ● Entertainment can offer stress relief

activities over social interaction.
● Easy access to entertainment can
lead to distractions from daily
tasks.
● The drive to keep up with the latest
trends in entertainment can foster a
culture of consumerism.
and mental relaxation.
● The entertainment industry is a
significant source of employment.
● Many forms of entertainment have
educational content that can
complement formal education.

Reference:
● Mental Health and the Entertainment Industry
● Reasons Why Entertainment Is Important?
● he Role of Entertainment in Improving the Quality of Education
Question 5: Some think that all entertainment TV programmes should educate people
about the importance of social issues.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
The reasons why TV programmes
should educate about the importance of
social issues
● TV's broad approach makes it an
effective tool for bringing attention
to important social issues.
● Educating people about social
issues through TV programs equips
them with the knowledge to make
informed civic decisions.
● Learning about others' experiences
through TV can cultivate empathy
and social cohesion.
Reference:
● The Educational Impact of Television
● Journalism, Fake News & Misinformation
● Television's Impact On American Society And Culture
The reasons why TV programmes
should not educate about the
importance of social issues
● TV programs often simplify
complex topics to fit time
constraints, which could lead to
misinformation or shallow
understanding of important social
matters.
● The primary aim of many TV
programs is to entertain; mixing
entertainment with education might
dilute the effectiveness of both.
● The need to attract viewers may
lead to sensationalized or
exaggerated portrayals of social
issues, distorting public perception.
 TOPIC 7: SPORTS

Practice questions
1. Question: Some people think that governments should spend more money on sports
facilities for top athletes, others argue that this money should be spent on sports
facilities for ordinary people.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
2. Question: Some people think that it is more beneficial to take part in sports which
are played in teams, like football, while other people think that taking part in
individual sports, like tennis or swimming, is better.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
3. Question: Some people think that hosting international sports events is good for the
country, while some people think it is bad.
Discuss both views and state your opinion.
4. Question: Large companies use sports events to promote their products. Some
people think it has a negative impact on sports.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
5. Question: Some people believe that success in sports depends on physical ability.
But some people believe there are many factors that contribute to success at sports.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
 Main points
Question 1: Some people think that governments should spend more money on sports
facilities for top athletes, others argue that this money should be spent on sports facilities
for ordinary people.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

The reasons for allocating more money The reasons for allocating more money
to sport facilities for top athletes to sport facilities for ordinary people

● This can enhance a country's ● This encourages physical activity

international competitiveness in
sports.
● This increases athletes’ high
performance, bringing honor and
recognition to the country.
among the general population,
promoting public health and
reducing healthcare costs.
● Sports facilities for ordinary people
can foster social inclusion and
community engagement.

Reference:
● The Economics of Sports Facilities and Their Communities
● The Economic Impact of Sports Facilities, Teams and Mega-Events
● Managing Sport Facilities
● Public Policy and Professional Sports

Question 2: Some people think that it is more beneficial to take part in sports which are
played in teams, like football, while other people think that taking part in individual
sports, like tennis or swimming, is better.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

The reasons for engaging in The reasons for engaging in

team sports individual sports

• Team sports foster a sense of ● Team sports foster a sense of

community and respect for both community and respect for both
teammates and opponents. teammates and opponents.
• Playing in a team gives people the
● Playing in a team gives people the
opportunity to interact with others,
expanding their social circle. opportunity to interact with others,
expanding their social circle.
 Reference:
● Are there differences in motives between participants in individual sports
compared to team sports?
● Interpersonal emotion regulation in team sport: Mechanisms and reasons to
regulate teammates' emotions examined
● Motivation for Participation in Sports Based on Athletes in Team and Individual
Sports

Question 3: Some people think that hosting international sports events is good for the
country, while some people think it is bad.
Discuss both views and state your opinion.

The reasons for hosting international The reasons against hosting

sports events international sports events

● Hosting worldwide athletic ● Hosting such events put a strain on

tournaments can boost national
economic growth
● Hosting such an event can serve as
a platform to showcase the host
country's culture, history, and
advancements,
● Preparations for such large-scale
events often necessitate
infrastructure improvements.
financial burden
● The focus on international sports
events can lead to the dearth of
pressing social issues
● Hosting global events leads to
various socio-economic issues such
as traffic congestion, and increased
pollution levels

Reference:
● The benefits of hosting international events
● Hosting Global Sporting Events Advantages And Disadvantages
● The pros and cons of hosting sporting events
Question 4: Large companies use sports events to promote their products. Some people
think it has a negative impact on sports.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

The reasons why large companies The reasons why promoting their
should use sports events to promote products has negative impacts on sports
their products

● Sports events often attract large ● Sponsorships from controversial or

audiences, both in-person and
through broadcast media, providing
companies with a platform for
widespread exposure.
● Boosts companies’ credibility
through association with
prestigious sports events or
athletes.
unhealthy brands can tarnish a
sport's reputation.
● The essence of sports can be
overshadowed by corporate
interests, shifting focus from
athleticism to profits.
● Sponsorship obligations can
distract athletes from their primary
focus—excelling in their sport.

Reference:
● What Are the Benefits of Sports Marketing?
● Reasons Why You Should Invest in Sports Sponsorship
● The Pros & Cons of Sports Sponsorships

Question 5: Some people believe that success in sports depends on physical ability. But
some people believe there are many factors that contribute to success at sports. Discuss
both views and give your opinion.

The reasons why success in sports There are many factors that contribute
depends on physical ability to success at sports

● Physical traits such as speed, ● The ability to stay focused, handle

strength, and agility often serve as
the primary metrics for success in
many athletic disciplines.
● High-level physical conditions
reduce the risk of injury, allowing
pressure, and recover from setbacks
often determines the outcome in
sports.
● Mastering the specific techniques
can sometimes outweigh the
 The reasons why success in sports There are many factors that contribute
depends on physical ability to success at sports

athletes to maintain consistent advantages of natural physical

performance. talent.
● Physical strength allows for better ● Years of competition give athletes
control and domination over the invaluable knowledge of how to
opponents. manage various situations.

Reference:
● How Strength Enhances Your Sports Performance
● What Skills Do Athletes Need to Succeed?
● Benefits of Strength Training In Sports
 TOPIC 8: LANGUAGE

Practice questions
1. Question: In order to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country
as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak this language.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. Question: Some people think governments should spend money on measures to save
languages with few speakers from dying out completely. Others think this is a waste
of financial resources.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
3. Question: A few languages are increasingly spoken in different countries, while the
use of others is rapidly declining.
Is it a positive or negative development?
4. Question: The development of tourism contributed to English becoming the most
prominent language in the world. Some people think this will lead to English
becoming the only language to be spoken legally.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of learning one language in the world?
5. Question: As computers translate quickly and accurately, learning foreign languages
is a waste of time.
To what extent do you agree?
 Main points
Question 1: In order to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country as
well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak this language.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Arguments in favor of learning about Arguments against learning about the

the country, cultures, and lifestyles of country, cultures, and lifestyles of the
the people who speak that language people who speak that language

• Understanding the culture • Emphasizing cultural understanding

associated with a language fosters
cultural competence, enabling
people to communicate effectively
and respectfully.
• Knowledge of cultural norms and
customs aids in avoiding
misunderstandings and
miscommunications.
• This provides learners with a
broader understanding of the
contexts in which the language is
used.
might distract from the primary
goal of language that is to
communicate.
• Language learners often face time
constraints, and adding cultural
studies may be perceived as an
additional burden.
• Focusing on a specific country's
culture might not adequately
prepare learners for the diverse and
evolving ways in which language is
used globally.

Reference:
● Culture and Language as Factors in Learning and Education
● Integrating Culture and Language Learning in Institution-wide Language
Programmes
● Teaching-and-learning Language-and-culture

Question 2: Some people think governments should spend money on measures to save
languages with few speakers from dying out completely. Others think this is a waste of
financial resources.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Arguments for saving languages with Arguments against investing in saving

few speakers languages

• Preserving languages with few • Governments have limited financial

speakers helps maintain the resources.
 Arguments for saving languages with Arguments against investing in saving
few speakers languages
richness and diversity of global • The decline of certain languages is
cultural heritage. a natural part of linguistic
• The preservation of a language can evolution.
contribute to maintaining social • Focusing on widely spoken
harmony and a sense of belonging. languages might have a more
• This can help retain valuable significant impact on
insights into traditional practices, communication and understanding.
medicinal knowledge, and
historical events.
Reference:
● On endangered languages and the safeguarding of diversity
● Saving Languages: An Introduction to Language Revitalization
● Language Maintenance, Language Shift, and Reversing Language Shift

Question 3: A few languages are increasingly spoken in different countries, while the use
of others is rapidly declining.
Is it a positive or negative development?

Benefits of the increasing prevalence of Drawbacks to the increasing prevalence

some languages in different countries of some languages in different countries

● The dominance of certain ● The rapid decline of less widely

languages facilitates global
communication and understanding.
● The increasing prevalence of some
languages promotes greater
international trade.
● The spread of a language promotes
cultural exchange.
spoken languages can lead to their
extinction.
● The decline of a language often
means the loss of cultural stories,
history, and knowledge that are tied
to that language.
● Speakers of minority languages
may face discrimination, as their
language is marginalized.

Reference:
● The advantages and disadvantages of a global language
● English as a Universal Language: The Pros and Cons
● Dangers of a Global Language
Question 4: The development of tourism contributed to English becoming the most
prominent language in the world. Some people think this will lead to English becoming
the only language to be spoken legally.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of learning one language in the world?

Advantages of learning one language in Disadvantages of learning one language

the world in the world

● Learning one language that ● The dominance of one language

dominates global business can
provide individuals with a
competitive edge in the job market.
● Learning global languages can help
eliminate language barriers.
● A single global language simplifies
international communication.
can contribute to cultural
homogenization.
● The widespread use of a single
language could lead to the decline
and extinction of many languages.
● A universal language could
contribute to a loss of linguistic and
cultural identity for many
communities.

Reference:
● Language loss, Identity, and English as an International Language
● The importance of culture, language and identity
● The Benefits Of A Universal Language

Question 5: As computers translate quickly and accurately, learning foreign languages is

a waste of time.
To what extent do you agree?

Reasons for learning foreign languages Reasons against learning foreign

languages

● Learning a foreign language can ● With the advent of advanced

help people deepen a culture’s translation tools, people can
understanding. communicate easily without the
● Learning a foreign language can need of being fluent in the target
lead to better job opportunities. language.
Reasons for learning foreign languages Reasons against learning foreign
languages

● Relying solely on translation ● It is more time-saving to use

technology can be risky in translation tools to communicate
situations when the technology may with foreigners than learning
not be accurate or reliable. languages.
● Translation tools capture the true
meaning of the original text while
humans can make mistakes when
learning and translating the
meaning.

Reference:
● Translation technology is useful, but should not replace learning languages
● AI Translators: The Future Of Language Learning?
● Why Study a Foreign Language?
 TOPIC 9: TECHNOLOGY

Practice questions
1. Question: Many people think modern communication technology is having some
negative effects on social relationships. Do you agree or disagree?
2. Question: Some people say that modern technology has made shopping today
easier, while others disagree. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
3. Question: Scientists believe that computers will become more intelligent than
human beings. Some people find it is positive while others think it is a negative
development. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
4. Question: Some people believe that technology causes more problems for modern
society than it solves.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
5. Question: More and more people no longer read newspapers or watch TV programs
to get news. They get news about the world through the Internet.
Is this a positive or negative development?
 Main points
Question 1: Many people think modern communication technology is having some
negative effects on social relationships. Do you agree or disagree?

Negative effects Positive effects

● There is a potential decrease in ● Modern communication tools allow

face-to-face interactions people to stay connected across
● Digital communication can lack distances.
nuance, leading to ● Digital communication offers
misunderstandings or flexibility in terms of time and
misinterpretations. location.
● Communication technology can ● The ease of sharing information
lead to increased isolation. and ideas globally can foster
understanding and awareness about
different cultures, perspectives, and
issues.
Reference:
● Exploring the Disadvantages of Virtual Communication
● The Now: Is Technology Making Us Lonely?
● How Telecommunications Revolutionized Communication

Question 2: Some people say that modern technology has made shopping today easier,
while others disagree. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Advantages of modern technology in Disadvantages of modern technology in

shopping shopping

● E-commerce websites and apps ● Online shopping can expose

often offer a vast array of products consumers to identity theft.
from various brands and sellers. ● One drawback of online shopping
● Customers can browse through a is the absence of tangibility.
wide range of products from the
comfort of their homes.
● Advanced algorithms and data
analytics allow online retailers to
personalize shopping experiences
for users
 Reference:
● E-commerce and the shift towards online shopping
● The Future Of Shopping: How AI Is Enhancing Customer Experience In Retail
● 6 Online Shopping Security Threats and How to Avoid Them
● Online Shopping vs In-Store Shopping: the Future of Retail?

Question 3: Scientists believe that computers will become more intelligent than human
beings. Some people find it is positive while others think it is a negative development.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Positive sides of computers Negative sides of computers

● Intelligent technology can perform ● The increasing use of AI-driven

tasks with greater precision than
humans.
● Intelligent technology can help
businesses reduce labor costs.
● AI can replace humans in
hazardous situations.
devices can contribute to social
isolation.
● AI can replace certain jobs, leading
to unemployment.
● The collection and analysis of vast
amounts of personal data by
intelligent systems raise significant
privacy concerns.

Reference:
● Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence [AI]
● Top advantages and disadvantages of AI
● Advantages and Disadvantages of Computer

Question 4: Some people believe that technology causes more problems for modern
society than it solves.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
 Reasons why technology causes more Reasons why technology does not cause
problems for modern society than it more problems for modern society than
solves it solves

● Advanced technology increases ● Technology can enhance the overall

unemployment rates.
● Overreliance on technology can
lead to the erosion of critical skills
and knowledge.
● The production and disposal of
technological devices can have a
significant environmental impact.
quality of life.
● Technological innovation fosters
economic growth by creating new
industries, jobs, and markets.
● Technology has revolutionized
communication.

Reference:
● Advantages And Disadvantages Of Technology
● Modern technology: advantages and disadvantages
● Advantages and Disadvantages of use of technology

Question 5: More and more people no longer read newspapers or watch TV programs to
get news. They get news about the world through the Internet.
Is this a positive or negative development?

Benefits of getting news through the Drawbacks of getting news through the
Internet Internet

● It is more convenient to update the ● The internet is rife with

latest information on news websites
or apps.
● The internet provides real-time
updates.
● Users can personalize their news
experience.
misinformation.
● Accessing news online may expose
users to cybersecurity risks.
● Some news websites may lack
credibility.

Reference:
● Top 3 advantages and disadvantages of Online News
● Advantages of Reading News Online
● Digital News: Pros and Cons
 TOPIC 10: SOCIAL ISSUES

Practice questions
1. Question: Some people think that young people should go to university to further
their education, while others think they should be encouraged to work as car
mechanics or builders etc. to serve society. Discuss both views and give your own
opinion.
2. Question: In some parts of the world it is becoming popular to research the history
of one’s own family. Why might people want to do this? Is it a positive or
negative development?
3. Question: Nowadays, there is a trend that media reports focus on problems and
emergencies rather than positive development. Some people think it is harmful to
individuals and to society.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
4. Question: In many countries, imprisonment is the most common solution to
crimes. However, some people believe that better education will be a more
effective solution.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
5. Question: Many countries aim to improve their living standard by economic
development, but some important social values are lost as a result.
Do you think the advantages of economic development outweigh the
disadvantages?
 Main points
Question 1: Some people think that young people should go to university to further their
education, while others think they should be encouraged to work as car mechanics or
builders etc. to serve society. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Reasons for going to university Reasons why they should be encouraged

to work as car mechanics or builders

● University provides in-depth ● Car mechanics and builders provide

knowledge and expertise in a
particular field of study.
● A bachelor degree can enhance job
prospects.
● Individuals with a university degree
tend to earn higher salaries over
their lifetimes compared to those
without a degree.
essential services that contribute to
the functioning of society.
● They can have the opportunities for
hands-on learning.
● It is more cost-saving to enter the
workforce than attending
university.

Reference:
● Six Advantages of Working After High School
● On-the-Job Training vs. A College Education
● Why go to university? - Make Happen

Question 2: In some parts of the world it is becoming popular to research the history of
one’s own family. Why might people want to do this? Is it a positive or negative
development?

Why people research the history of their Is it a positive or negative development?

family

● Many people are motivated by a ● Genealogical research can lead to

desire to preserve and pass down
their family's cultural, historical,
and ethnic heritage to future
generations.
● Learning about family medical
history is important for
understanding potential hereditary
health conditions.
● People are often intrigued by the
the discovery of long-lost relatives
or distant family members,
fostering connections.
● Discovering one's family history
can provide a sense of identity and
belonging.
● Researching family history can be
time-consuming and may require
significant resources, especially if
 stories and experiences of their detailed records are not readily
ancestors. available.
● Some families may have kept
secrets and uncovering them may
disrupt family dynamics.

Reference:
● 5 Benefits of Knowing Your Family History
● Why We Need Family History Now More Than Ever
● The Pros and Cons of Doing Family History
● Common Reasons Why People Don't Do Family History

Question 3: Nowadays, there is a trend that media reports focus on problems and
emergencies rather than positive development. Some people think it is harmful to
individuals and to society.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Reasons why media reports focusing on Reasons why media reports focusing on
problems and emergencies rather than problems and emergencies rather than
positive development is harmful positive development is not harmful

● Continuous exposure to negative ● Focusing on problems can mobilize

news can increase stress and
anxiety.
● Overemphasis on problems can
distort our perspective on the
world.
● Constant exposure to negative news
can desensitize people to violence,
tragedy, and suffering.
communities and governments to
address these pressing issues.
● Reporting on emergencies can
enhance public awareness to
prevent potential consequences.
● Reporting on problems and
emergencies keeps the public
informed about issues that may
directly affect their lives.

Reference:
● When too much news is bad news
● Why Bad News Has Such an Impact
● Negative news evokes stronger psychophysiological reactions than positive news

Question 4: In many countries, imprisonment is the most common solution to crimes.

However, some people believe that better education will be a more effective solution.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Reasons why better education will be a Reasons why imprisonment is the most
more effective solution to crimes effective solution to crimes
● Education can help individuals ● The threat of imprisonment deters
understand the consequences of individuals from engaging in
their actions on others and the criminal behavior.
community. ● Incarceration removes dangerous
● Education can increase awareness individuals from the general
of the legal consequences of population, protecting society from
criminal behavior. further harm.
● Access to education and vocational ● Imprisonment holds individuals
training while incarcerated can accountable for their actions.
reduce the likelihood of
reoffending.
Reference:
● The Relationship Between Education And Crime
● Education as a tool to preventing crime and promoting a culture of lawfulness
● Crime Prevention & Criminal Justice Module 6 Key Issues

Question 5: Many countries aim to improve their living standard by economic

development, but some important social values are lost as a result.
Do you think the advantages of economic development outweigh the disadvantages?

Advantages of economics development Disadvantages of economics

● There is a positive relationship
between economic growth and the
rate of poverty reduction.
● Economic growth has a positive
impact on the literacy rate of
children, and vice versa.
● As economies continue to
experience growth, the amount that
is spent on infrastructure such as
transportation networks,
communication, electricity, gas,
development
● An increase in income inequality is
another possible effect of economic
growth.
● Increased crime rate is often
associated with the expansion of
the economy.
● Industrialization and increased
consumption associated with
economic development can harm
the environment and lead to
ecological problems
Advantages of economics development Disadvantages of economics
development
water supply as well as various
technologies has also increased.
Reference:
● Causes and consequences of economic development | HCEO
● The effects of economic development and built environment on diabetes in China
| Population Health Metrics | Full Text
● The environmental impact of industrialization and foreign direct investment:
empirical evidence from Asia-Pacific region | SpringerLink