Middle Technical University Institute of Medical Technology Al-Mansour nt of pharmacyIntroduction * It is quite important for the students and the lab workers in general to be familiar with the instruments and equipments that are utilized in different purposes in the lab. The following pictures represent some tools: 1. Glassware and related tools A.Graduates: These are calibrated in metric measures and are subdivided into the following types. 1- Cylindrical flasks known as a graduated cylinder and measuring cylinder It is one of the most common piece of lab. glassware Used to measure the volume of liquids accurately 2. Conical flasks Conical flasks are 4 i another widely used glassware in any Lab. \ They are made up of pyrex or other borosilicate glass They can be used for heating and cooling Sn liquids without much risk of cracking.3. Beakers Beakers are used for various purposes, for example: = 1,Storing samples to be used later. 2.Preserving small chemical reaction 3.Pouring the solutions easily. * For heating purpose we use borosilicate beakers. 4. Burettes * Mainly utilized in titrations. * Used in quantitative chemical analysis to measure the volume of a liquid. Lo °° &*5. Pipettes * Pipettes are of two types: * They are filled by either rubber suction device (recommended) or by Pa mouth (Only for distilled Water But not Pi for dangerous liquids, e.g. strong acids). A. Calibrated pipets: glass tubes of uniform diameter calibrated in mL. B. Bulb pipets: * narrow glass tube containing enlarged bulb in the middle with single accurate graduation.Pipette Filler * They are of 2 types: 1. Pipette Sucker ( also called pipette filler with suction Ball) 1. Pipette filler C. Micropipettes This kind of pipette is very accurate and is used for very small volumes of liquids. Micropipettes are available in different capacities: 1-10 uL, 10-100 pL, and 100-1000 pL. . ‘Rey | Bi Micropipettes are supplied with disposable tips.: ale, B. Vol SKS They are calibrated to contain a precise volume. Volumetric flasks are used for precise dilutions and preparation of standard solutions. These have mark on their neck, which let us measure exact volume of any sample or liquid. Sion ee ft = f \ | C. 1.Funnels * Used to channel liquid or fine- grained substances into containers with a small opening.C. 2.glass rods (stirrers) * Used for mixing of chemicals 2. Domestic Measures a. Teaspoonful (tsp.) = 5 mls b. Tablespoonful (tbsp.) = 15 mls c. Glassful= 7 | 240 mLs"i TOs ay Hig Th) nae De! a oath ic a an a 3. Balances: * Used for weighing substances in the Lab4. Miscellaneous: Washing bottle, « Asthe name indicates, itis a bottle which is used for the washing of any lab equipment or glassware. 4. Miscellaneous: Mortar and pestle, / * Mortar and pestle is \ used for crushing ‘ and grinding dry \ chemicals into a fine \ powder4. Miscellaneous: Spatula. * Spatulas are used for transporting dry chemical compounds. They're used when weighing chemicals on a balance because they allow users to collect small quantities of chemicals.