Healthrecord 1702631173976

Name M VENKATA SURESH BABU Order PTGOC2300463275
Age / Sex 43 years / Male Sample Drawn 15-Dec-23 / 09:38 AM

Contact 8247412020 Sample Accepted 15-Dec-23 / 01:09 PM
Collection Centre INTGHYD95309 Sample Reported 15-Dec-23 / 02:32 PM
Referral Doctor SELF Report Status Final
Kidney Function Test
Department of Clinical Biochemistry
SampleType: Serum
INVESTIGATION RESULT UNITS BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE INTERVAL
Urea 31 mg/dL 17-43

Method: GLDH Kinetic
Clinical Significance: Urea

• Serum urea and serum creatinine determinations are frequently performed together in the differential diagnosis of kidney function.
• Plasma urea concentration is determined by renal perfusion, urea synthesis rate, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and may be
increased in acute renal failure, chronic renal failure and prerenal azotaemia.
• Prerenal elevation of urea occurs in cardiac decompensation, increased protein catabolism and water depletion.
• Urea levels may be elevated due to renal causes such as acute glomerulonephritis, chronic nephritis, polycystic kidney, tubular necrosis
and nephrosclerosis.
• Post renal elevation of urea may be caused by obstruction of the urinary tract.
• In dialysis patients the urea concentration is representative of protein degradation and is also an indicator of metabolic status.
• In end-stage renal failure, the urotoxic signs, relating to the gastrointestinal system, correlate well with urea concentration.
Creatinine - Serum 0.93 mg/dL 0.84-1.25

Method: Jaffe kinetic IDMS Traceable
Clinical Significance: Creatinine

• Measurements of creatinine are used in the diagnosis and treatment of renal disease and prove useful in the evaluation of kidney
glomerular function and in monitoring renal dialysis.
• Serum level is not sensitive to early renal damage and responds more slowly than blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to haemodialysis during
treatment of renal failure.
• Both serum creatinine and BUN are used to differentiate prerenal and postrenal (obstructive) azotemia.
• An increase in serum BUN without concomitant increase of serum creatinine is key to identifying prerenal azotemia.
• In post renal conditions where obstruction to the flow of urine is present e.g. malignancy, nephrolithiasis and prostatism, both the plasma
creatinine and urea levels will be increased; in these situations the rise is disproportionately greater for BUN
Uric Acid 6.6 mg/dL 3.5-7.2

Method: Uricase POD
Clinical Significance: Uric acid

• Primary hyperuricaemia is associated with gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, Kelley Seegmiller syndrome and increased phosphoribosyl
pyrophosphate synthase activity.
• Secondary hyperuricaemia is associated with numerous conditions including renal insufficiency, myeloproliferative diseases, haemolytic
diseases, psoriasis, polycythemia vera, type I glycogen storage disease, excess alcohol consumption, lead intoxication, a purine-rich diet,
fasting, starvation and chemotherapy.
• Hypouricaemia may also be due to increased renal uric acid excretion, which may occur in malignant diseases, AIDS, Fanconi syndrome,
diabetes mellitus, severe burns and hypereosinophilic syndrome.
• Quantitation of urinary uric acid excretion may assist in the selection of appropriate treatment for hyperuricaemia, providing an indication
of whether patients should be treated with uricosuric drugs to enhance renal excretion, or allopurinol to supress purine synthesis.
Note: Please contact us for possible remedial action if test results are unexpected. Abnormal * Critical
MedPlus Health Services Limited #11-6-56, Opp: IDPL Railway Siding Road, Kukatpally, Hyderabad-500037,Telangana
CIN: U85110TG2006PLC051845 040 6700 6700 wecare@medplusmart.com www.medplusmart.com Page 1 of 6
Kidney Function Test
SampleType: Serum
Sodium - serum 140 mmol/L 135 - 145

Method: Ion Selective Electrode
Potassium - Serum 4.1 mmol/L 3.5 - 5.1

Chloride - Serum 102 mmol/L 101 - 111

Calcium - Serum 9.5 mg/dL 8.8-10.6

Method: Arsenazo III
Clinical Significance: Calcium

• Measurement of calcium is used in the diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid disease, a variety of bone diseases, chronic renal disease,
urolithiasis and tetany (intermittent muscular contractions or spasms).
• Calcium ions are important in the transmission of nerve impulses, as a cofactor in several enzyme reactions, in the maintenance of normal
muscle contractility, and in the process of coagulation.
• A significant reduction in calcium ion concentration results in muscle tetany.
• A higher than normal concentration of calcium ions produces lowered neuromuscular excitability and muscle weakness along with other
more complex symptoms.
Liver Function Test (LFT)
SampleType: Serum
Bilirubin Total 1.45 mg/dL 0.3-1.2

Method: DPD Diazotization
Bilirubin Direct 0.24 mg/dL 0.0-0.20

Method: DPD Diazotization
Bilirubin Indirect 1.21 mg/dL 0 - 0.8

Method: Calculated
Clinical Significance : Total Bilirubin

• Prehepatic Jaundice : Diseases of prehepatic origin with predominantly unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
a) Corpuscular haemolytic anemias e.g. thalassemia and sickle cell anemia;
b) Extracorpuscular haemolytic anemia e.g. blood transfusion reaction due to ABO and Rh incompatibility;
c) Neonatal jaundice and haemolytic disease of the newborn.
• Hepatic Jaundice : Diseases of hepatic origin with predominantly conjugated hyperbilirubinemia include acute and chronic viral hepatitis,
liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
• Post hepatic Jaundice: Diseases of post-hepatic origin with predominantly conjugated hyperbilirubinemia include extrahepatic cholestasis
and liver transplant rejection.
• Chronic congenital hyperbilirubinemias include the unconjugated hyperbilirubinemias Crigler-Najjar syndrome and Gilbert's syndrome
as well as the conjugated hyperbilirubinemias Dubin-Johnson syndrome and Rotor syndrome.
Clinical Significance : Direct Bilirubin

• The assessment of direct bilirubin is helpful in the determination of hepatic and post-hepatic jaundice.
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) 49 IU/L 0-50

Method: UV Kinetic IFCC without P5P
Clinical Significance : Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

• Elevated serum ALT activity is mainly regarded as an indicator of parenchymal liver disease.
• Increased serum levels indicate deterioration in the integrity of the hepatocyte plasma membrane.
• ALT has greater diagnostic sensitivity for hepatobiliary disease than AST.
• Activities >50 times the upper reference limit are mainly associated with acute viral hepatitis, acute disorders of liver perfusion and
acute liver necrosis due to ingestion of toxins including paracetamol and carbon tetrachloride.
• Markedly elevated serum ALT levels is found in hepatitis, mononucleosis and cirrhosis.
• Levels greater than 15 times the upper reference limit are indicative of acute hepatocellular necrosis of viral, toxic or circulatory origin.
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) 26 IU/L 0-50

Method: UV Kinetic IFCC without P5P
SampleType: Serum
Clinical Significance : Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)

• Measurement of AST is indicated in the diagnosis, differentiation and monitoring of hepatobiliary disease, myocardial infarction and
skeletal muscle damage.
• AST levels may be increased in viral hepatitis and liver disease associated with hepatic necrosis, with 20 to 50 fold elevations frequently
encountered.
• The evaluation of AST activity in relation to ALT (De Ritis ratio; AST/ALT) is a useful indicator of liver damage.
• Ratios > 1.0 are indicative of severe liver disease, usually involving necrosis.
• Ratios < 1.0 are indicative of mild liver damage associated with inflammatory conditions.
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 137 IU/L 30-120

Method: pNPP AMP Buffer IFCC
Clinical Significance : Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)

• Increases in total ALP are either due to physiological causes, or are caused by diseases of the liver or bone.
• Physiological increases in ALP are found in pregnancy from the 2nd trimester onwards due to placental ALP, in growing children due to
bone ALP and postprandially in individuals with blood groups B and O, who are secretors of blood group substance H (intestinal ALP).
• Most common cause of elevated ALP is hepatobiliary disease.
• Primary bone diseases with elevated ALP : osteomalacia, osteogenesis imperfecta, vitamin D intoxication and primary bone tumours.
• Secondary bone diseases with elevated ALP : skeletal metastases, and in diseases such as multiple myeloma, acromegaly, renal
insufficiency, hyperthyroidism, ectopic ossification, sarcoidosis, bone tuberculosis and healing fractures.
Protein - Serum 7.6 gm/dL 6.6-8.3

Method: Biuret Serum blank End point
Albumin-serum 4.6 gm/dL 3.5-5.2

Method: Bromocresol Green
Globulin-Serum 3.0 gm/dL 2.2 - 4

Method: Calculated
Albumin/Globulin Ratio 1.5 1.2-2.5

Method: Calculated
SampleType: Serum
Clinical Significance : Albumin

• Measurements of albumin concentrations are vital to the understanding and interpretation of calcium and magnesium levels
because these ions are bound to albumin, and decreases of albumin are directly responsible for depression of their concentrations.
• Hyperalbuminemia is infrequent and is caused by severe dehydration and excessive venous stasis.
• Hypoalbuminemia due to impaired synthesis : Liver disease or in protein deficient diets.
• Hypoalbuminemia due to increased catabolism : Tissue damage and inflammation
• Hypoalbuminemia due to reduced absorption of amino acids : Malabsorption syndromes or malnutrition.
• Hypoalbuminemia due to protein loss : Nephrotic syndrome, enteropathy or burns.
*** END OF THE REPORT ***
Mr Krishna Dr Lakshman Kumar Dr G Srinivas

Verified by Consultant Biochemist Director - Lab Services
Page 6 of 6

Healthrecord 1702631173976

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Healthrecord 1702631173976

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Name M VENKATA SURESH BABU Order PTGOC2300463275

Age / Sex 43 years / Male Sample Drawn 15-Dec-23 / 09:38 AM

INVESTIGATION RESULT UNITS BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE INTERVAL

Urea 31 mg/dL 17-43

Clinical Significance: Urea

Creatinine - Serum 0.93 mg/dL 0.84-1.25

Clinical Significance: Creatinine

Uric Acid 6.6 mg/dL 3.5-7.2

Clinical Significance: Uric acid

INVESTIGATION RESULT UNITS BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE INTERVAL

Sodium - serum 140 mmol/L 135 - 145

Potassium - Serum 4.1 mmol/L 3.5 - 5.1

Chloride - Serum 102 mmol/L 101 - 111

Calcium - Serum 9.5 mg/dL 8.8-10.6

Clinical Significance: Calcium

INVESTIGATION RESULT UNITS BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE INTERVAL

Bilirubin Total 1.45 mg/dL 0.3-1.2

Bilirubin Direct 0.24 mg/dL 0.0-0.20

Bilirubin Indirect 1.21 mg/dL 0 - 0.8

Clinical Significance : Total Bilirubin

Clinical Significance : Direct Bilirubin

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) 49 IU/L 0-50

Clinical Significance : Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) 26 IU/L 0-50

INVESTIGATION RESULT UNITS BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE INTERVAL

Clinical Significance : Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 137 IU/L 30-120

Clinical Significance : Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)

Protein - Serum 7.6 gm/dL 6.6-8.3

Albumin-serum 4.6 gm/dL 3.5-5.2

Globulin-Serum 3.0 gm/dL 2.2 - 4

Albumin/Globulin Ratio 1.5 1.2-2.5

INVESTIGATION RESULT UNITS BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE INTERVAL

Clinical Significance : Albumin

*** END OF THE REPORT ***

Mr Krishna Dr Lakshman Kumar Dr G Srinivas

You might also like

* END OF THE REPORT *