Worksheet - 3

1. Octane (C8H18) is burned with 250 percent theoretical air, which enters the
combustion chamber at 25°C. Assuming complete combustion and a total pressure of
1 atm, determine (a) the air–fuel ratio and (b) the dew-point temperature of the
products.

2. A certain natural gas has the following volumetric analysis: 65 percent CH 4, 8 percent
H2, 18 percent N2, 3 percent O2, and 6 percent CO2. This gas is now burned
completely with the stoichiometric amount of dry air. What is the air–fuel ratio for
this combustion process?
3. A fuel mixture of 60 percent by mass methane (CH4) and 40 percent by mass ethanol
(C2H6O) is burned completely with theoretical air. If the total flow rate of the fuel is
10 kg/s, determine the required flow rate of air.
4. A gaseous fuel with a volumetric analysis of 45 percent CH4, 35 percent H2, and 20
percent N2 is burned to completion with 130 percent theoretical air. Determine (a) the
air–fuel ratio and (b) the fraction of water vapor that would condense if the product
gases were cooled to 25°C at 1 atm.
5. n-Octane (C8H18) is burned with 60 percent excess air with 15 percent of the carbon
in the fuel forming carbon monoxide. Calculate the mole fractions of the products and
the dew-point temperature of the water vapor in the products when the products are at
1 atm pressure.
6. Calculate the HHV and LHV of gaseous n-octane fuel (C8H18). Compare your results
with the values in Table A–27.
7. Methane (CH4) is burned with 300 percent excess air in an adiabatic constant-volume
container. Initially, air and methane are at 1 atm and 25°C. Assuming complete
combustion, determine the final pressure and temperature of the combustion products.
8. Ethyl alcohol [C2H5OH(g)] is burned with 200 percent excess air in an adiabatic,
constant-volume container. Initially, air and ethyl alcohol are at 100 kPa and 25°C.
Assuming complete combustion, determine the final temperature and pressure of the
products of combustion.
9. Liquid propane (C3H8) enters a combustion chamber at 25°C at a rate of 1.2 kg/mm
where it is mixed and burned with 150 percent excess air that enters the combustion
chamber at 12°C. If the combustion is complete and the exit temperature of the
combustion gases is 1200 K, determine (a) the mass flow rate of air and (b) the rate of
heat transfer from the combustion chamber.
10. A large railroad has experimented with burning powdered coal in a gas turbine
combustor. Fifty percent excess air was introduced to the combustor at 1380 kPa and
127°C while the powdered coal was injected at 25°C. The combustion was adiabatic
and at constant pressure. Based on a coal from Colorado that has an ultimate analysis
(by mass) of 79.61 percent C, 4.66 percent H2, 4.76 percent O2, 1.83 percent N2, 0.52
 Worksheet - 3

percent S, and 8.62 percent ash (noncombustibles), what is the estimated temperature
of the combustion products? Neglect the effect of the sulfur in the energy balance.

11. To supply heated air to a house, a high-efficiency gas furnace burns gaseous propane
(C3H8) with a combustion efficiency of 96 percent. Both the fuel and 140 percent
theoretical air are supplied to the combustion chamber at 25°C and 100 kPa, and the
combustion is complete. Because this is a high-efficiency furnace, the product gases
are cooled to 25°C and 100 kPa before leaving the furnace. To maintain the house at
the desired temperature, a heat transfer rate of 25,000 kJ/h is required from the
furnace. Determine the volume of water condensed from the product gases per day.
12. Liquid octane (C8H18) enters a steady-flow combustion chamber at 25°C and 1 atm at
a rate of 0.25 kg/min. It is burned with 50 percent excess air that also enters at 25°C
and 1 atm. After combustion, the products are allowed to cool to 25°C. Assuming
complete combustion and that all the H2O in the products is in liquid form, determine
(a) the heat transfer rate from the combustion chamber, (b) the entropy generation
rate, and (c) the exergy destruction rate. Assume T0 = 298 K and the products leave
the combustion chamber at 1 atm pressure.

13. A steady-flow combustion chamber is supplied with CO gas at 37°C and 110 kPa at a
rate of 0.4 m3/min and air at 25°C and 110 kPa at a rate of 1.5 kg/min. Heat is
transferred to a medium at 800 K, and the combustion products leave the combustion
chamber at 900 K. Assuming the combustion is complete and T0 = 25°C, determine
(a) the rate of heat transfer from the combustion chamber and (b) the rate of exergy
destruction.
14. Ethylene (C2H4) gas enters an adiabatic combustion chamber at 25°C and 1 atm and
is burned with 20 percent excess air that enters at 25°C and 1 atm. The combustion is
complete, and the products leave the combustion chamber at 1 atm pressure.
Assuming T0 = 25°C, determine (a) the temperature of the products, (b) the entropy
generation, and (c) the exergy destruction.