LAPORAN

PRAKTIKUM PERKERASAN JALAN

Disusun Oleh :
Angger Panji Saputra (30202100032)
Anjan Hima Ali Al Majdi (30202100035)
Aprita Putri Fadila (30202100036)
Aqim Setia Aji (30202100037)
Ardhyansyah (30202100038)
Arifiandani Putri (30202100039)
Artha Nicgara Bella Wijaya (30202100040)
Audi Juventio Kurniawan (30202100041)
Aulia Helmania Putri (30202100042)
Aura Ramadhan Nurul Falah (30202100043)

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK SIPIL FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS ISLAM SULTAN AGUNG
SEMARANG
2024
 HALAMAN PENGESAHAN

Diperiksa dan disetujui Laporan Praktikum Perkerasan Jalan sebagai syarat untuk
mendapatkan Surat Puas guna mengikuti ujian akhir semester gasal pada Fakultas Teknik
Jurusan Teknik Sipil Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) Semarang Tahun
Ajaran 2023/2024.

Disahkan pada
Hari :..........
Tanggal :..........

Dikerjakan Oleh :
Angger Panji Saputra (30202100032)
Anjan Hima Ali Al Majdi (30202100035)
Aprita Putri Fadila (30202100036)
Aqim Setia Aji (30202100037)
Ardhyansyah (30202100038)
Arifiandani Putri (30202100039)
Artha Nicgara Bella Wijaya (30202100040)
Audi Juventio Kurniawan (30202100041)
Aulia Helmania Putri (30202100042)
Aura Ramadhan Nurul Falah (30202100043)

Semarang, Januari 2024

Disetujui, Diperiksa,
Kepala Laboratorium Perkerasan Jalan Asisten Praktikum Perkerasan Jalan

Juny Andry Sulistyo, ST., MT Firlan Ruslani

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 KATA PENGANTAR

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Puji dan Syukur kami panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas
anugrah-Nya saya dapat menyelesaikan Laporan Praktikum Perkerasan Jalan yang
merupakan salah satu tugas persyaratan akademis Jurusan Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) Semarang.
Selesainya Laporan Tugas Praktikum Perkerasan Jalan ini, maka perkenankan
penulis menyampaikan terimakasih kepada:
1. Allah SWT. Yang telah melimpahkan karunia, rahmat dan ridho-Nya sehingga
tugas ini dapat terselesaikan tepat pada waktunya.
2. Bapak Juny Andry Sulistyo, ST., MT Selaku Kepala Laboratorium Perkerasan
Jalan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang.
3. Saudara Firlan Ruslani Selaku Asisten Praktikum Perkerasan Jalan Fakultas
Teknik Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang.
4. Semua pihak yang telah membantu sehingga tugas laporan ini terselesaikan
dengan baik dan lancar.
Penulis berharap semoga tugas laporan ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca. Tidak
lupa saran dan kritik dari pembaca sangat penulis harapkan.
Terimakasih untuk semua, semoga dapat bermanfaat bagi kita semua untuk saat
ini dan di masa yang akan datang. Salam sejahtera.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Semarang, Januari 2024

Penulis

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 DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL .................................................................................................... i

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ...................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................................. iii
LEMBAR ASISTENSI ................................................................................................. iv
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................................ xv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................... 1
1.1 Uraian Umum ......................................................................................... 1
1.2 Aspal (Bitumen) ...................................................................................... 2
1.3 Aggregate ................................................................................................ 6
1.4 Benda Uji ................................................................................................ 8

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 10

2.1 Perkerasan Jalan Raya............................................................................. 10
2.1.1 Jenis Konstruksi Perkerasan dan Komponennya........................ 10
2.1.2 Fungsi Lapisan Perkerasan ......................................................... 11
2.2 Bahan Penyusunan Perkerasan Lentur.................................................... 14
2.2.1 Aspal ........................................................................................... 14
2.2.2 Aspal Minyak (Refinery Bitumen) .............................................. 14
2.2.3 Agregat ....................................................................................... 17
2.3 Karakteristik Marshall ............................................................................ 22
2.4 Hasil Penelitian Relevan ......................................................................... 27

BAB III PENGUJIAN MATERIAL ......................................................................... 28

3.1 Berat Jenis ............................................................................................... 28
3.1.1 Pengertian ................................................................................... 28
3.1.2 Maksud dan Tujuan .................................................................... 28

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 3.1.3 Peralatan ..................................................................................... 29
3.1.4 Persiapan Benda Uji ................................................................... 31
3.1.5 Cara Pengujian............................................................................ 35
3.1.6 Hasil Pengujian Berat Jenis ........................................................ 40
3.1.7 Kesimpulan ................................................................................. 41
3.2 Analisa Saringan ..................................................................................... 43
3.2.1 Pengertian .................................................................................. 43
3.2.2 Maksud dan Tujuan ................................................................... 44
3.2.3 Peralatan .................................................................................... 44
3.2.4 Persiapan Benda Uji .................................................................. 45
3.2.5 Cara Pengujian .......................................................................... 46
3.2.6 Hasil Pengujian Analisa Saringan ............................................. 46
3.2.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................ 48
3.3 Abrasi (Los Angeles) ............................................................................... 49
3.3.1 Pengertian .................................................................................. 49
3.3.2 Maksud dan Tujuan ................................................................... 49
3.3.3 Peralatan .................................................................................... 49
3.3.4 Persiapan Benda Uji .................................................................. 51
3.3.5 Cara Pengujian .......................................................................... 51
3.3.6 Hasil Pengujian Aspal ............................................................... 52
3.3.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................ 53

BAB IV PENGUJIAN ASPAL .................................................................................. 54

4.1 Penetrasi .................................................................................................. 54
4.1.1 Pengertian .................................................................................. 54
4.1.2 Maksud dan Tujuan ................................................................... 54
4.1.3 Peralatan .................................................................................... 55
4.1.4 Persiapan Benda Uji .................................................................. 55
4.1.5 Cara Pengujian .......................................................................... 56
4.1.6 Hasil Pengujian Penetrasi Aspal................................................ 57
4.1.7 Kesimpulan................................................................................ 57

4.2 Titik Lembek (Softening Point) .............................................................. 59

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 4.2.1 Pengertian ................................................................................... 59
4.2.2 Maksud dan Tujuan .................................................................... 59
4.2.3 Peralatan ..................................................................................... 60
4.2.4 Persiapan Benda Uji ................................................................... 60
4.2.5 Cara Pengujian............................................................................ 61
4.2.6 Hasil Pengujian Titik Lembek Aspal ......................................... 62
4.2.7 Kesimpulan ................................................................................. 62

BAB V JMD (Job Mix Design)................................................................................... 64

5.1 Pengertian ............................................................................................... 64
5.2 Maksud dan Tujuan ................................................................................ 64
5.3 Peralatan dan Bahan Uji ......................................................................... 64
5.4 Persiapan Benda Uji................................................................................ 65
5.5 Cara Pengujian ........................................................................................ 65
5.6 Hasil Pengujian JMD .............................................................................. 68
5.7 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 69

BAB VI PENGUJIAN BENDA UJI .......................................................................... 70

6.1 Marshall................................................................................................... 70
6.1.1 Pengertian ................................................................................... 70
6.1.2 Maksud dan Tujuan..................................................................... 70
6.1.3 Peralatan...................................................................................... 70
6.1.4 Persiapan Benda Uji.................................................................... 72
6.1.5 Cara Pengujian ............................................................................ 74
6.1.6 Hasil Pengujian Marshal ............................................................. 75
6.1.7 Kesimpulan ................................................................................. 82
6.2 GMM ....................................................................................................... 83
6.2.1 Pengertian ................................................................................... 83
6.2.2 Maksud dan Tujuan..................................................................... 83
6.2.3 Peralatan...................................................................................... 83

6.2.4 Persiapan Benda Uji.................................................................... 84

6.2.5 Cara Pengujian ............................................................................ 84
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 6.2.6 Hasil Pengujian GMM ................................................................ 85
6.2.7 Kesimpulan ................................................................................. 86
6.3 Ekstraksi .................................................................................................. 86
6.3.1 Pengertian ................................................................................... 86
6.3.2 Maksud dan Tujuan..................................................................... 87
6.3.3 Peralatan...................................................................................... 87
6.3.4 Persiapan Benda Uji.................................................................... 87
6.3.5 Cara Pengujian ............................................................................ 87
6.3.6 Hasil Pengujian Ektraksi ............................................................. 89
6.3.7 Kesimpulan ................................................................................. 90

BAB VII KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .................................................................. 91

7.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 91
7.2 Saran........................................................................................................ 92
7.3 Lampiran Kegiatan .................................................................................. 92

PENUTUP .................................................................................................................... xvi

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................... xvii
LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................................. xviii

xii
 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1 Aspal Semen............................................................................................. 3

Gambar 1.2 Blown Aspal.............................................................................................. 3
Gambar 1.3 Cutback Aspal .......................................................................................... 4
Gambar 1.4 Aspal emulsi ............................................................................................. 6
Gambar 1.5 Agregat ..................................................................................................... 8
Gambar 3.1 Timbangan dan Agregat ........................................................................... 42
Gambar 3.2 Piknometer + Air ...................................................................................... 42
Gambar 3.3 Oven ......................................................................................................... 42
Gambar 3.4 Analisa Saringan ...................................................................................... 43
Gambar 3.5 Grafik Analisa Saringan ........................................................................... 47
Gambar 3.6 Brass Round Sieve .................................................................................... 48
Gambar 3.7 Timbangan dan Agregat ........................................................................... 48
Gambar 3.8 Mesin Abrasi Los Angeles ....................................................................... 50
Gambar 3.9 Bola-bola Baja .......................................................................................... 50
Gambar 3.10 Penyiapan Agregat ................................................................................. 53
Gambar 3.11 Agregat Setelah Pengujian dengan Mesin Los Angeles 100 Putaran ... 53
Gambar 4.1 Pengujian Penetrasi .................................................................................. 54
Gambar 4.2 Alat Penetrasi ........................................................................................... 58
Gambar 4.3 Sampel Uji ................................................................................................ 58
Gambar 4.4 Pengujian Titik Lembek ........................................................................... 59
Gambar 4.5 Cincin Kuningan ...................................................................................... 63
Gambar 4.6 Bejana, Termometer, Alat Pemanas ........................................................ 63
Gambar 4.7 Penjepit, Bola Baja ................................................................................... 63
Gambar 5.1 Menyiapkan Benda Uji ............................................................................ 65
Gambar 5.2 Timbangan Benda Uji .............................................................................. 66
Gambar 5.3 Memasukkan Benda Uji pada Wajan ...................................................... 66
Gambar 5.4 mengangkat Wajan dan Mendiamkan ..................................................... 66
Gambar 5.5 Memasukkan benda Uji Kedalam Cetakan ............................................. 67
Gambar 5,6 Memadatkan Benda Uji ........................................................................... 67
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Gambar 5.7 Mengeluarkan Benda Uji .......................................................................... 67
Gambar 5.8 Menimbang Benda Uji .............................................................................. 68
Gambar 5.9 Wajan, Benda Uji dan Termometer .......................................................... 69
Gambar 5.10 Benda Uji Setelah Dipadatkan ................................................................ 69
Gambar 6.1 Alat Marshall test...................................................................................... 75
Gambar 6.2 Grafik Kadar Aspal Terhadap Stabilitas ................................................... 79
Gambar 6.3 Grafik Kadar Aspal Terhadap Flow ......................................................... 79
Gambar 6.4 Grafik Kadar Aspal Terhadap Berat Isi .................................................... 80
Gambar 6.5 Grafik Kadar Aspal Terhadap VMA ........................................................ 80
Gambar 6.6 Grafik Kadar Aspal Terhadap VIM .......................................................... 81
Gambar 6.7 Grafik Kadar Aspal Terhadap VFA.......................................................... 81
Gambar 6.8 Grafik Kadar Aspal Terhadap MQ ........................................................... 82
Gambar 6.9 Pengujian Test Marshall ........................................................................... 82
Gambar 6.10 Rumus Perhitungan GMM ...................................................................... 83
Gambar 6.11 Rumus Perhitngan GMM ........................................................................ 85
Gambar 6.12 Pengujian GMM ..................................................................................... 86
Gambar 6.13 Reflux Extractor ...................................................................................... 90
Gambar 6.14 Kerucut dan Material .............................................................................. 90

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1 Pemeriksaan Berat Jenis dan Penyerapan Agregat Halus ........................... 40
Tabel 3.2 Pemeriksaan Berat Jenis dan Penyerapan Agregat Kasar ........................... 41
Tabel 3.3 Data Agregat Sebelum Diayak .................................................................... 46
Tabel 3.4 Data Agregat Setelah Diayak....................................................................... 46
Tabel 3,5 Data Praktikum Agregat Kasar .................................................................... 47
Tabel 3.6 Daftar Gradasi dan Berat Benda Uji ............................................................ 51
Tabel 3.7 Data Praktikum ............................................................................................ 52
Tabel 4.1 Data Sampel ................................................................................................. 57
Tabel 4.2 Data Praktikum ............................................................................................ 62
Tabel 5.1 Data Job Mix ................................................................................................ 68
Tabel 5.2 Data Hasil Pengujian Job Mix Desain Setiap Benda Uji ............................ 68
Tabel 6.1 Syarat Pekerjaan Pencampuran Maupun Pemadatan Aspal........................ 72
Tabel 6.2 Data Praktikum Kadar Aspal Kelompok 6 .................................................. 75
Tabel 6.3 Hasil Perhitungan Praktikum Kadar Aspal Kelompok 6 ............................ 76
Tabel 6.4 Hasil Angka Korelasi Kelompok 6.............................................................. 76
Tabel 6.5 Angka Korelasi ............................................................................................ 77
Tabel 6.6 Hasil Perhitungan Marshall Test ................................................................. 78
Tabel 6.7 Data Uraian Permeriksaan Ekstraksi ........................................................... 89

xv
 PENUTUP

Puji syukur kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang telah melimpahkan rahmat dan
karunia-Nya sehingga senantiasa diberikan perlindungan-Nya. Tidak lupa penulis
mengucapkan terimakasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membatu dalam kelancaran
penulisann laporan ini. Banyak hal yang penulis dapatkan dalam melaksanakan Laporan
Praktikum Perancangan Perkerasan Jalan ini sehingga dapat menyusunnya dalam sebuah
laporan. Meskipun demikian penulis merasa masih terdapat kekuangan dalam
penyusunan baik dari segi materi maupun susunannya. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena
keterbatasan pengetahuan penulis dalam membuat laporan ini.
Oleh karena itu, demi kesempurnaan laporan ini maka penulis berharap adanya
saran yang sifatnya membangun, semoga laporan ini dapat berguna bagi adik – adik
tingkat pada khususnya dan pembaca pada umumnya.

Hormat Kami,

Kelompok VI

xvi
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 1991. SNI 06-2489-1991. Campuran Beraspal,

Metode Pengujian dengan Alat Marshall. Badan Standardisasi Nasional : Jakarta.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 1994. SNI 03-3640-1994. Metode Pengujian Kadar
Beraspal Dengan Cara Ekstraksi Menggunakan Alat Soklet. Badan Standardisasi
Nasional : Jakarta.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2003. RSNI S-01-2003. Spesifikasi Aspal Keras
Berdasarkan Penetrasi. Badan Standardisasi Nasional : Jakarta.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2008. SNI 1970:2008. Cara Uji Berat Jenis dan
Penyerapan Air Agregat Halus. Badan Standardisasi Nasional : Jakarta.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2008. SNI 2417:2008. Cara Uji Keausan Agregat
dengan Mesin Abrasi Los Angeles. Badan Standardisasi Nasional : Jakarta.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2008. SNI 1969:2008. Cara Uji Berat Jenis dan
Penyerapan Air Agregat Kasar. Badan Standardisasi Nasional : Jakarta.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2011. SNI 2456:2011. Cara Uji Penetrasi Aspal.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional : Jakarta.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2011. SNI 2434:2011. Cara Uji Titik Lembek Aspal
dengan Alat Cincin dan Bola (Ring and Ball). Badan Standardisasi Nasional : Jakarta.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2011. SNI 2441:2011. Cara Uji Berat Jenis Aspal
Keras. Badan Standardisasi Nasional : Jakarta.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2012. SNI ASTM C136:2012. Metode Uji Untuk
Analisis Saringan Agregat Halus dan Agregat Kasar. Badan Standardisasi Nasional :
Jakarta.
Kelompok III. 2022. Laporan Praktikum Perkerasan Jalan. Universitas Islam
Sultan Agung : Semarang.
Kelompok VI. 2020. Laporan Praktikum Perkerasan Jalan. Universitas Islam
Sultan Agung : Semarang.

xvii
LAMPIRAN – LAMPIRAN

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