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pare: ft PAGENO.: 2 Elecknode Potentials - Q-) || What ig elecknoneqativity ? \e'S the Change of chemicat energy to elecknicod in eh cs xy OIL RIG hoxed in a bead 6-2) || nak Ww _ electrode Po Eleckode porentiat is the voikace measuxed fo O_haire -ceul Compaxed With another hat -celt. * The vaime bein us the ease and hors Fax weduction cceuxs, CE) — mone sesijive = REDUCTION. “The 4 ode. nNG\ IS dhe Volkage, measuned tundex standard coeditians tithe a_standard hycriagen electuode asthe othen howe -ceu CE *) STANDARD CONDITIONS ¢ : ceaeeeee = 298K bempexatwie. = fot KPa pmeesune = 4 moldwi® concentuation of ork. 0-3) Electnodle 2. — Standoxcl Hudsegen Elecrxode (SHE) is given A value of O-00V. AN oinex ctandarid electuecle polenta axe measumed selative to +nis vole Ho ges at 104 KPa bubbles into a tmoidm# H" ion solution. A Platinum (pt) eiecttocle dovexdd with Pe black is in _contack Weitio _Haigy_ ancl _H? ions “The Pi bier i fineiy divided to allan Clese contact OF Hara) ‘www.bafnaexports.com Teacher's Signature... and _\* ion: Hat _equilitorti qsickly, + | PE cotteck, Hae ack id\n_Goncen nati can be maintained ale that point # || Pe electhode is inert so lees it take pout in the Meactan. SEs iasioucs inite { = ak farm (405 xs gloss bell saith bo For Hats) to buiee'e | cue LT platinum elecnode ” HY (totes) ! 2Wiagt Ze" === Hoar (SRS Kyte == tee I SHE can oct oS a tve oR -v ing —& i nate =Cest i 6-4)|| Erecexochemicat cei | i > || Elecknochemical Celi convert chemical enexqu to eleckHica\ enexgy . > || They, axe Famed by combining tee _\naif Ces ; Hare Celle ane cosas connected using: ; + || win necting the mekat Keds in each hae cells bo a hhigin 1 Mesiscance Vvotemetex _€" Flos from less positive E* to mmo - positive €* A +) Save oss 1% 2 nave ~ i tp _maratain hatance (k doesst Auow movement of €- ‘www.bafnaexports.com ‘Teacher's Signature. | Lee ae PAGE N zn as Gf C2 egy + 26° FS Ca sy Eo. +O-B4y Zn" @gy *2e =F Zoecy Ef. = o-t6y Sait _tadae contai KNO: — K* ions flow to _Cu** to cancel our effecr of e7 being sent to this nove ~ceu = NOs” ons Flas to Zn** to cancet our def: jency of e Sate ovidoe maintains ion balance. = “Rupes of elecknochemicAl cetis, © Hare cey voit metal vod and meta jong @ Hare ce wsitin non-mekrat Koch and noo -metat ions > Plarinum wike + platinum foil is used ag an cle: bo _cxeake electnical contact with the Solution @ Hare cele Containing ions oF diferent oxidavion stare. __ @ Hare cen wi electrode and ton @ binection of e” Flows The e° Goo from ve bo +ve elect wok <5 m Enis Chapten > aoade = -ve. hecause docidation takes place bexe Gavvecle = tve hecause — neduction takes place hexe © Pxedick feasibility of 5 Cel _volkage = Reduction + oxidation 2 i€ cell voltage » O-B0v action coil Occwwe + if oxidising agent has higher £81 it's mone likely to be. seduced and cause oocidation. www.bafnaexports.com Teacher's Signature _ a thle Ua Call potential = Reductian + Oxidation @-7) Tue batcgeas as oxidision ans 7 Down the gvoup Vi the E* vatues of th natogens decstec + the dbbility sé the halrgen Tons 2 ack as oxidising ages decieases down tne Quoup (Cre_alviti i a neducins increases dousn the yeu) ‘ha + eo ==> x -| O-<) || _himitations cf E* values | oO -si condi Feasiio' ‘A necliched. ¥ || €%ey & not accurate — a ey change in Aiton 2 Ev ®|\ Rate o& reaction cart be pyedicted +11 Qody know when the weackicn will hapeen Q-4) || The NESE equation W'S used to Find electyede FNP nen_standascl_ conditions E+E + 0.059 104 Eoxicised species] Sete a [reduced specie] stare No. of € lost ov gained bes thein concentuations www.bafnaexports.com Teacher's Signature | 9-10) ||_ Cells and _battesu'es ! >| In _wimaxy celts the ee Hedor meackions continue UNL the Concentnation of the weackOnts Keathes a low vale go the. Notkoge declines And tne cei can't be usech anumone ey: Oxu cet. > in a c \ con se- Chow: ees he giectre cremmcal_cety can toe ve. chsegeeh 3 See Rage ce eae Fetters Sereprine 2 csi We NEE To concine@s the an - pep cnx inten, (head strage cell) + Fuel celts en SeienTi _ NE. S 5 ¥ ic it Hechonagibie = the sve + mass of the cei # the voltage. vf i iv meaxe' * the natuwe af the cleckuolite ¥ Cost of the cel g-") Rechanpeolele:-Celig: ona it head Stomage battery (cox _bateers4) a 2 Cheng bo nvanufackute _® envy Nickel- Cadmium cet © Small size © Gwe low vortage. 2 tow moss, 2 dorft_ ‘nun dais’ quickly —Ailurainium - ain batbesuy 2 Ligntuoeignt © expensive 2 pho ra ° www.bafnaexports.com Teacher's Signature Q-1a) Prrmany cells, - Slick state cei Solid _si celis (hutkon cet On DB eu 2 small_and lightweight * give a. high voitage ¢ 2 gi cons Vou = they deri contain liquid @ paste , so. Ane dori Lectis Commonly Usecl button Ceus Axe =ve_ pols +ve_pote: kithium on 216. Lodo Manganese (W oxide silver oxide, Ai ox 2 2 MoO 2 on Ago O13) Fuct cell: A Fuck Ce san Cleckwochemical ce in which a Fuel gives up_e” ak one eeckyede and oxugen gains e- at the othe elected, eg: > ox Fuel cou, Hare and Orig) axe butbied fhxough two peous PE -coared Clectwodes ushete the haif-celt_ Keactons take place. 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