How to Use

16 Tenses
KKN-DR 37 UINSU 2020
English Education Department
Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training
State Islamic University of North Sumatera

Lecturer : Fatimah Zahara, M.A ( 197302081999032001 )

Author : Suci Elyda Ramadhan ( 0304173154 )
 Preface
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamu'alaikum Warahmatullah Wabarakatuh

First of all, let me thank to God Allah SWT the lord of the world who
has given me mercy and blessing so I can finish this pocket book
timely. Shalawat and salam to our prophet Muhammad SAW which
one day we hope to get his intercession in the last day.

This pocket book which entitled " How to Use 16 Tenses " I
compiled to fulfill my KKN-DR ( real work lecture - from home )
assignment. I'm from 37th group of KKN-DR UINSU 2020. I realize
there are many shortcomings in preparation and compilation of
this pocket book. Hopefully, the contents of this pocket book can
be useful for us. Aamiin.

Medan, 10th of August 2020

Author,

Suci Elyda Ramadhan

List of Content
Simple Present Tense
Present Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Present Prefect Continuous Tense
Simple Past Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Simple Present Future Tense
Present Future Continuous Tense
Present Future Perfect Tense
Present Future Prefect Continuous
Tense
Simple Past Future Tense
Past Future Continuous Tense
Past Future Perfect Tense
Past Future Perfect Continuous
Tense
Idioms
1. Simple Present Tense
Simple present tense is used to describe habitual actions
that occur regularly and reveal facts or ideas, or are
believed to be true at this time or in all time. This is
often used with adverbs or adverb phrases.
Form :
(+) Subject + V1 + O/C
( - ) Subject + do/does + not + V1 + O/C
( ? ) Do/does + subject + V1 + O/C
( -? ) Do/does + not + subject + V1 + O/C
Example :
(+) Clara speaks English well.
( - ) They don ’ t win the olympiad.
( ? ) Does Angelina read the novel?
( -? ) Don ’ t you remember me?
2. Present Continuous Tense
Present continuous tense is used to express an action
or event that occurred at the present or present but did
not occur while speaking. It is also used to talk about
changes and things happening in the period around now.
Form :
(+) Subject + is/am/are + V-ing + O/C
( - ) Subject + is/am/are + not + V-ing + O/C
( ? ) Is/am/are + subject + V-ing + O/C
( -? ) Is/am/are + not + subject + V-ing + O/C
Example :
(+) Alfiera is visiting her friend.
( - ) We are not looking for a job.
( ? ) Are you writing the letter?
( -? ) Isn ’ t she working at the post office?
3. Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense is used to refer to an action or event that
began sometime in the past and continues or has an effect on
the current situation. It is also used for actions that have just
been done.
Form :
(+) Subject + has/have + V3 + O/C
( - ) Subject + has/have + not + V3 + O/C
( ? ) Has/have + subject + V3 + O/C
( -? ) Has/have + not + subject + V3 + O/C
Example :
(+) Ali has sat here for an hour.
( - ) I have not looked at the sketch.
( ? ) Have you gotten the gift from the teacher?
( -? ) Hasn ’ t it been cold for the last three days?
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present perfect continuous tense is used to refer to an action or
event that began sometime in the past and continues or has an
effect on the current situation. It is also used for actions that have
just been done.
Form :
(+) Subject + has/have + been + V-ing + O/C
( - ) Subject + has/have + not + been + V-ing + O/C
( ? ) Has/have + subject + been + V-ing + O/C
( -? ) Has/have + not + subject + been + V-ing + O/C
Example :
(+) Anna has been waiting for you for an hour.
( - ) You have not been cooking a cake.
( ? ) Have you been playing basketball in the basketball court?
( -? ) Haven’t you been studying Science?
5. Simple Past Tense
Simple past tense is used for actions or events that
occurred in the past and not related to the current
situation.

Form :
(+) Subject + V2 + O/C
( - ) Subject + did + not + V1 + O/C
( ? ) Did + subject + V1 + O/C
( -? ) Did + not + subject + V1 + O/C

Example :
(+) I sang a hard song yesterday.
( - ) We didn ’ t submit the assignment last week.
( ? ) Did Faris enjoy the moment at the beach yesterday?
( -? ) Didn ’ t you bring some fruit?
6. Past Continuous Tense
Past continuous tense is used to say that someone is doing an
action at a certain time. This is often used together with simple
past tense to state that something happened in the middle of an
event.

Form :
(+) Subject + was/were + V-ing + O/C
( - ) Subject + was/were + not + V-ing + O/C
( ? ) Was/were + subject + V-ing + O/C
( -? ) Was/were + not + subject + V-ing + O/C

Example :
(+) I was watching a film when you came to my house.
( - ) Nizam was not telling me the truth about this incident.
( ? ) Was Verrel talking to the teacher?
( -? ) Weren ’ t you sleeping when I studied last night?
7. Past Perfect Tense
Past perfect tense is used to describe an action or event that
occurred in the past before other past events. It can also be used
similarly for actions that begin before speaking time in the past
and was continuing at that time or stop at that time or just before
that, or stop some time before speaking time.
Form :
(+) Subject + had + V3 + O/C
( - ) Subject + had + not + V3 + O/C
( ? ) Had + subject + V3 + O/C
( -? ) Had + not + subject + V3 + O/C
Example :
(+) Arif had corrected the answer to this question.
( - ) I had not cleaned my room for weeks.
( ? ) Had you gone to this place before?
( -? ) Hadn’t you followed this account of social media before?
8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past perfect continuous tense is used to denote an action
that started at a certain time in the past and is continuing
or has just finished at another time in the past.

Form :
(+) Subject + had + been + V-ing + O/C
( - ) Subject + had + not + been + V-ing + O/C
( ? ) Had + subject + been + V-ing + O/C
( -? ) Had + not + subject + been + V-ing + O/C

Example :
(+) Awi had been sleeping well for weeks.
( - ) You had not been running out of this cafe.
( ? ) Had you been singing for an hour when we came here?
( -? ) Hadn ’ t it been raining for 12 hours?
9. Simple Present Future Tense

Simple present future tense is used to express

events that will occur in the future. It is
expressed with using of shall and will.

Form :
(+) Subject + will/shall + V1 + O/C
( - ) Subject + will/shall + not + V1 + O/C
( ? ) Will/shall + subject + V1 + O/C
( -? ) Will//shall + not + subject + V1 + O/C

Example :
(+) I shall buy jewelry for you tomorrow.
( - ) You will not send this letter by email.
( ? ) Will you marry me?
( -? ) Won ’ t you call me tomorrow?
10. Present Future Continuous Tense
Present future continuous tense is used to express future action
without definite time limits. It ’ s also used to express something
that will be continuing at some particular time in the future.

Form :
(+) Subject + will/shall + be + V-ing + O/C
( - ) Subject + will/shall + not + be + V-ing + O/C
( ? ) Will/shall + subject + be + V-ing + O/C
( -? ) Will/shall + not + subject + be + V-ing + O/C

Example :
(+) Reina will be walking alone after you back home.
( - ) We shall not be laughing when you tell us the story.
( ? ) Will you be living here after graduation?
( -? ) Won ’ t she be having lunch if we come at noon?
 11. Present Future Perfect Tense
Present future perfect tense is used to refer to an action or event which
will have been completed at a particular point in time in the future. It’s
also used to refer to an action or event which will have been continuing
for a while by a particular point of time in the future.
Form :
(+) Subject + will/shall + have + V3 + O/C
( - ) Subject + will/shall + not + have + V3 + O/C
( ? ) Will//shall + subject + have + V3 + O/C
( -? ) Will/shall + not + subject + have + V3 + O/C
Example :
(+) Arly will have coached the dancer by the time I come to the dance
studio.
( - ) I shall not have finished my course in 6 months.
( ? ) Will you have accepted her coming to this place?
( -? ) Won’t you have pretended to know her as your friend?
12. Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Present future perfect continuous tense refers to an action or
event that is not currently completed but will be completed in the
future.
Form :
(+) Subject + will/shall + have + been + V-ing + O/C
( - ) Subject + will/shall + not + have + been + V-ing + O/C
( ? ) Will//shall + subject + have + been + V-ing + O/C
( -? ) Will/shall + not + subject + have + been + V-ing + O/C
Example :
(+) Afifah will have been learning Japanese when she finishes this
course.
( - ) I shall not have been swimming for 7 years.
( ? ) Will you have been playing badminton for 10 months?
( -? ) Won’t you have been waiting for her for more than 3 hours
when she arrives here?
13. Simple Past Future Tense
Simple past future tense is used to talk about the future from
the perspective of the past. This tense can be used to express an
event or action that will be carried out (voluntary or planned)
or that occurs, recurs, or has become a habit in the past, makes
predictions, and makes promises in the future while in the past.
Form :
(+) Subject + should/would + V1 + O/C
( - ) Subject + should/would + not + V1 + O/C
( ? ) Should/would + subject + V1 + O/C
( -? ) Should/would + not + subject + V1 + O/C
Example :
(+) I should bring my pet the next day.
( - ) Ayla would not lend you this camera.
( ? ) Would you come to my secret room?
( -? ) Wouldn ’ t you feel sleepy?
14. Past Future Continuous Tense
Past future continuous tense is a form of the verb used to
express an action that is supposed to be happening at a certain
time in the future.

Form :
(+) Subject + should/would + be + V-ing + O/C
( - ) Subject + should/would + not + be + V-ing + O/C
( ? ) Should/would + subject + be + V-ing + O/C
( -? ) Should/would + not + subject + be + V-ing + O/C

Example :
(+) I should be going to my course at 05.00 pm.
( - ) Zahra would not be singing a song at the party last night.
( ? ) Would you be drinking coffee by this time yesterday?
( -? ) Wouldn ’ t he be planting the flower by this time 2 days
ago?
15. Past Future Perfect Tense
Past future perfect tense is used to denote an action that is
expected to have completed at some time in the past. It is also
used to talk about things that might not happen.
Form :
(+) Subject + should/would + have + V3 + O/C
( - ) Subject + should/would + not + have + V3 + O/C
( ? ) Should/would + subject + have + V3 + O/C
( -? ) Should/would + not + subject + have + V3 + O/C
Example :
(+) Aira would have eaten all the desserts by the time you
came to the cafe last night.
( - ) We should not have known the problems last week.
( ? ) Would you have given me a gift yesterday?
( -? ) Wouldn ’ t you have seen the accident on the corner of the
street?
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past future perfect continuous tense is used to express a

sentence that will have happened in the past. This tense is a
supposition or assumption, the meaning is that the actor in the
sentence only assumes the sentence stated by him.

Form :
(+) Subject + should/would + have + been + V-ing + O/C
( - ) Subject + should/would + not + have + been + V-ing + O/C
( ? ) Should/would + subject + have + been + V-ing + O/C
( -? ) Should/would + not + subject + have + been + V-ing + O/
C

Example :
(+) We should have been living in the town for 10 years.
( - ) I should not have been swimming for 20 years.
( ? ) Would you have been traveling around the world 3 years
ago?
( -? ) Wouldn ’ t you have been driving a car for a day 2 days
ago?
 IDIOMS
Don’t rush me : Jangan buatku terburu-buru
Long time no see. : Lama tidak bertemu
I need to take a dump : Saya mau buang air besar
I need to take a leak : Saya mau buang air kecil
Drop me off here : Turunkan aku disini
I’m in a hurry : Saya buru-buru
Just a minute : Tunggu sebentar
Just curious : Cuma ingin tahu
Wish me luck : Doakan saya berhasil
Get out of here : Pergi dari sini
 IDIOMS
How could you : Teganya dirimu
Bullshit : Omong kosong
I didn’t mean to : Aku tak sengaja
Stealing eyes : Curi-curi pandang
Just so-so : Biasa-biasa saja
Move a bit : Geser sedikit dong
Hands of : Jangan sentuh aku
Watch your manner : Jaga sopan santunmu
Not a big deal : Engga masalah kok
Keep your cool : Cuekin saja
 About the Author
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamualaikum Warahmatullah
Wabarakatuh
Hi guys,
I'm Suci Elyda Ramadhan, majoring in
English Education, Faculty of Tarbiyah and
Teacher Training - State Islamic University
of North Sumatera. I was born in Medan,
on December 12, 1999. My biggest goal
is to become a dentist. However, destiny
was not as I had hoped. So, my biggest
goal now is to become a tour guide and
translator. You may followed my accounts
of social media as below :
Instagram : @sucielydaramadhan
Twitter : @Suci_elRamadhan

Thank You ☺