BOHR'S ATOM MODEL

POSTULATES OF BOHR’S ATOM MODEL:

● Electrons revolve around the nucleus in a fixed circular path termed “orbits” or
“shells” or “energy level.” The orbits are termed as “stationary orbit.”
● Every circular orbit will have a certain amount of fixed energy and these circular
orbits were termed orbital shells. The electrons will not radiate energy as long as
they continue to revolve around the nucleus in the fixed orbital shells.
● The change in energy occurs when the electrons jump from one energy level to
other. In an atom, the electrons move from lower to higher energy level by acquiring
the required energy. However, when an electron loses energy it moves from higher
to lower energy level.
● The different energy levels are denoted by integers such as n=1 or n=2 or n=3 and so
on. These are called as quantum numbers. The range of quantum number may vary and
begin from the lowest energy level (nucleus side n=1) to highest energy level.
● The different energy levels or orbits are represented in two ways such as 1, 2, 3, 4… or
K, L, M, N….. shells. The lowest energy level of the electron is called the ground state.

BOHR'S THEORY EXPLANATION

EX. The radius of the shortest orbit of a single electron system is 18 pm. This system can be
represented as -For shortest orbit n = 1

SOL :
Ex. Determine the ratio of area of circular orbits in doubly ionised lithium atom in 2nd& 3rd Bohr
orbit

Determination Of Velocity Of Electron In Circular orbit

Ex.3. Determine the ratio of speed of electrons in hydrogen atom in its 3rd & 4th orbit .

EX.4.
Determination of energy of electron in Bohr's Circular Orbit-
(1)Kinetic Energy Of Electron

(3)Total energy of an electron:Total energy of an electron in any orbit is sum of its kinetic
potential energy in that orbit.

RESULTS:
Results Based On Total Energy Equation :
(i) With The Increase in Principal Quantum number,both total energy potential energy of an
electron Increases. Simultaneously, kinetic energy decreases
(ii) With the increase principal quantum number,the difference between any two consecutive
energy level decreases.
(iii) Total energy of an electron in any orbit in H-like atom =(Total energy of an electron in that
orbit in H-atom×z2)
(iv) PE of an electron in any orbit in H-like atom = (PE of an electron in that orbit in H-atom)×z 2
(v) KE of an electron in any orbit in H-like atom = (KE of an electron in that orbit in H-atom) z 2
(vi) En1n2 in any H-like atom = (En1n2 in H-atom )×z2

TIME PERIOD AND FREQUENCY OF ELECTRON'S MOTION

EXPLANATION OF-SPECTRUM SPECTRAL LINE FORMULA: