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B737NG/22/301

Yamper System

Boeing B737-600/700/800/900

Yaw Damper System


Training manual
page 1
For training purposes only 15 - 04 - 2009
LEVEL 3
22-23-00 Rev : 2.0
B737NG/22/301
Training manual Yaw Damper System

This publication was created by Sabena technics training department,


Brussels-Belgium, following ATA 104 specifications.

The information in this publication is furnished for informational and training


use only, and is subject to change without notice.

Sabena technics training assumes no responsibility for any errors or


inaccuracies that may appear in this publication.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,


or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission
of Sabena technics training.

Contact address for

course registrations
course schedule information

Sabena technics training

trainingservices@sabenatechnics.com

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List of Effective Pages.


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Table of Contents.
1. YAW DAMPER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION...............................................6

2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION..........................................................................8

3. COMPONENT LOCATIONS.....................................................................10
3.1. Flight Compartment Component Locations...........................................10
3.2. Electronic Equip. Compartment Comp. Locations..................................12
3.3. Vertical Stabilizer Component Locations................................................14

4. INTERFACES...........................................................................................16

5. MAIN RUDDER PCU ACTUATOR - SOLENOID VALVE...........................18

6. MAIN RUDDER PCU - ELECTROHYDRAULIC SERVO VALVE.................20

7. STALL MANAGEMENT YAW DAMPER..................................................22

8. SMYD FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.......................................................24

9. OPERATIONS..........................................................................................26
9.1. Engage Interlocks.................................................................................28

10. TRAINING INFORMATION POINT........................................................30


10.1. SMYD BITE.........................................................................................30
10.2. SMYD BITE - Existing Faults.................................................................32
10.3. SMYD BITE - Fault History....................................................................34
10.4. SMYD BITE - Ground Tests..................................................................36
10.5. SMYD BITE - Servo.............................................................................38
10.6. SMYD BITE Other Functions................................................................40

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List of Illustrations. Abbreviations and Acronyms


ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT COMPARTMENT COMPONENT LOCATIONS.................................... 13 AC Alternating Current
ENGAGE INTERLOCKS............................................................................................................. 29 ADR Air Data Reference
FLIGHT COMPARTMENT COMPONENT LOCATIONS................................................................ 11
INTERFACES............................................................................................................................ 17 ADIRU Air Data Inertial Reference Unit
MAIN RUDDER ACTUATOR - SOLENOID VALVE....................................................................... 19 AOA Angle Of Attack
MAIN RUDDER PCU - ELECTRONIC SERVO VALVE................................................................... 21 ARINC Aeronautical Radio Incorporated
OPERATIONS........................................................................................................................... 27 ATR Austin Trumball Radio
SMYD - EXISTING FAULTS....................................................................................................... 33
SMYD 1 - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION..................................................................................... 25 BITE Built In Test Equipment
SMYD BITE............................................................................................................................. 31 CAA Civil Aviation Authority
SMYD BITE - FAULT HISTORY.................................................................................................. 35 CDS Common Display System
SMYD BITE - GROUND TESTS.................................................................................................. 37 CPU Central Processing Unit
SMYD BITE - OTHER FUNCTIONS............................................................................................. 41
SMYD BITE - SERVO TEST........................................................................................................ 39 DC Direct Current
STALL MANAGEMENT YAW DAMPER..................................................................................... 23 DEU Display Electronic Unit
VERTICAL STABILIZER COMPONENT LOCATIONS..................................................................... 15 DFCS Digital Flight Control System
YAW DAMPER SYSTEM - GENERAL DESCRIPTION..................................................................... 9 EHSV Electronhydraulic Servo Valve
YAW DAMPER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION................................................................................... 7
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FMC Flight Management Computer
IR Inertial Reference
I/O Input/Output
LRU Line Replaceable Unit
LVDT Linear Variable Differential Transformer
MCP Mode Control Panel
N1 Low Pressure Rotor Speed
NN A Number From 01 To 99
PCU Power Control Unit
SMYD Stall Management Yaw Damper
V Volts
WTRIS Wheel To Rudder Interconnect System
YDS Yaw Damper System

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1. YAW DAMPER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION.

The yaw damper system keeps the airplane stable around the yaw axis.
When in flight, the yaw damper commands rudder movement in proportion
to, and opposite to, the yawing moment. This keeps dutch roll to a minimum
and makes the flight smoother.

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YAW DAMPER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION

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2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

The yaw damper system moves the rudder to oppose dutch roll. Main Rudder PCU.
The system is available for the full flight. The yaw damper system consists of The main rudder power control unit (PCU) is a hydraulic component that
these components : moves the rudder. It receives commands from the SMYD 1 to decrease
unwanted yaw motion.
- Yaw damper engage switch,
- Yaw damper disengage light, ADIRU.
- Stall management yaw damper (SMYD 1), The air data inertial reference units send airspeed and inertial reference data to
- Yaw damper indicator, the SMYD.
- Solenoid valve (main rudder PCU),
- Electrohydraulic servo valve (main rudder PCU),
- LVDT (main rudder PCU).

Yaw Damper Engage Switch and Disengage Light.


You engage the yaw damper system with a switch on the flight control panel.
When you engage the yaw damper, the B hydraulic system should be on.
The disengage warning light is above the switch. The light shows if the yaw
damper is not engaged while power is on the airplane.

Stall Management Yaw Damper.


The SMYD 1 controls the primary yaw damping function and the stall
management function. SMYD 1 receives data from the ADIRU and sends
commands to the main rudder PCU.

Yaw Damper Indicator.


The yaw damper indicator, on the P2 panel, shows rudder movement due to
the yaw damper.

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YAW DAMPER SYSTEM - GENERAL DESCRIPTION

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3. COMPONENT LOCATIONS

3.1. Flight Compartment Component Locations.


Engage Switch and Disengage Light.

The yaw damper engage switch and the disengage light are on the flight
control panel (P5 forward overhead panel).

Yaw Damper Indicator.


The yaw damper indicator is on the P2 panel.

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FLIGHT COMPARTMENT COMPONENT LOCATIONS.

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3.2. Electronic Equip. Compartment Comp.


Locations.
Stall Management Yaw Damper.
The SMYD 1 is on the E3-2 shelf in the electronic equipment compartment.

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ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT COMPARTMENT COMPONENT LOCATIONS

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3.3. Vertical Stabilizer Component Locations.


Solenoid and Electrohydraulic Servo Valve.
The YDS has two LRUs in the vertical stabilizer. The yaw damper solenoid valve
and the electrohydraulic servo valve (EHSV) are mounted on the main rudder
PCU. In addition to the LRUs, there is a linear variable differential transformer
(LVDT) that is mounted on the main PCU. The LVDT is not an LRU. You access
these components from the right side of the vertical stabilizer.

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VERTICAL STABILIZER COMPONENT LOCATIONS

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4. INTERFACES.

Power.
The SMYD 1 gets 28v dc from electrical bus 1 and 28v ac from transfer bus 1.
28v dc power goes from SMYD 1 to the engage switch.

The yaw damper indicator gets 115v ac from transfer bus 1. The LVDT gets
28v ac from the same circuit as the SMYD 1.

Digital Data.
The SMYD 1 gets this data from the ADIRUs :

- Airspeed (ADIRU 1 only),


- Impact pressure (ADIRU 1 only),
- Lateral acceleration,
- Roll angle,
- Roll rate,
- Yaw rate.

Analog Signals.
The SMYD 1 sends yaw damper commands to the main rudder PCU.
The LVDT on the main rudder PCU sends rudder position feedback, due to yaw
damping, to the yaw damper indicator and the SMYD 1.

The trailing edge flap limit switch sends flap position data to the SMYD 1.

The AOA sensor sends angle of attack information to the SMYD 1.

When you close the yaw damper engage switch, it sends an engage signal
through SMYD 1 to the actuator solenoid on the main rudder PCU.

Power goes from the DC power and dim control to the yaw damper disengage
light.

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INTERFACES

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5. MAIN RUDDER PCU ACTUATOR - SOLENOID VALVE.

The yaw damper solenoid pressurizes the yaw damper system on the main
rudder PCU. When you engage the yaw damper system the solenoid lets
hydraulic fluid flow to the electrohydraulic servo valve that controls the yaw
damper actuator.

Physical Description.
These are the three hydraulic ports in the solenoid :

- Pressure for input hydraulic pressure,


- Return of the hydraulic fluid to the reservoir,
- Cylinder for the output of hydraulic pressure.

An electrical connector attaches the wires from the SMYD computer.

Functional Description.
When the solenoid is energized, it ports hydraulic pressure to the
electrohydraulic servo valve and the yaw damper actuator. When the electrical
signal stops, the electrohydraulic servo valve and yaw damper actuator are
ported back to the return system.

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MAIN RUDDER ACTUATOR - SOLENOID VALVE

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6. MAIN RUDDER PCU - ELECTROHYDRAULIC SERVO VALVE.

The electrohydraulic servo valve (EHSV) changes an electrical command from


SMYD 1 into a hydraulic flow to the yaw damper actuator. It controls the rate
and direction of the yaw damper actuator motion.

Physical Description.
These are the four hydraulic ports :

- Input port for the jet pipe controller and control spool,
- Return port,
- Two output ports to the yaw damper actuator.

A four pin electrical connector attaches the wires from the SMYD computer.

Functional Description.
When an electrical signal comes from the SMYD computer, it moves a jet
pipe in the EHSV. This causes the pressure at each end of the control spool
to change. This pressure differential causes the control spool to move which
changes the output pressure in each of the two output ports. This change in
the output pressure moves the yaw damper actuator and the rudder.

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MAIN RUDDER PCU - ELECTRONIC SERVO VALVE

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7. STALL MANAGEMENT YAW DAMPER.

The stall management yaw damper uses the motion data from the ADIRU to Keypad.
detect dutch roll. The SMYD then sends commands to the main rudder PCU to The keypad has these keys :
cancel the dutch roll.
- MENU,
Physical Description. - YES,
The SMYD weighs approximately 10 lbs. It uses 10 watts of power. - Up arrow (PREVIOUS),
It has these features on the front of the unit : - Down arrow (NEXT) ,
- ON/OFF,
- Bite instructions on the label, - NO.
- Display,
- Keypad. You use these keys to interact with the SMYD while operating BITE.

Bite Instructions.
Bite instructions tell how to test the unit and move through the BITE software.

For more information on performing BITE see BITE operation Later in this
section.

Display.
The SMYD has two amber eight character alphanumeric displays.
These displays show messages and instructions while operating BITE.

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STALL MANAGEMENT YAW DAMPER

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8. SMYD FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.

The stall management yaw damper (SMYD) calculates yaw damping based on
analog and digital inputs.

Engage Interlock.
The SMYD supplies 28v dc to the yaw damper actuator solenoid.
When the solenoid energizes, hydraulic power goes to the yaw damper
actuator and the electrohydraulic servo valve.

Yaw Damping.
The CPU is the most important part of the SMYD. The CPU operates the
control Law software. These devices send inputs for software calculations :

- ADIRUs (inertial and air data),


- AOA sensor,
- FMC,
- Main rudder PCU LVDT,
- Trailing edge flap Limit switch.

When the SMYD senses a yaw, it supplies a variable electrical current to


the electrohydraulic servo valve (EHSV). The current strength and polarity
determine how much, and in what direction, the rudder will deflect.
The EHSV applies hydraulic pressure to the yaw damper actuator.
The actuator moves the rudder to reduce the yaw. Rudder deflection limit
is 3 degrees with flaps down and 2 degrees with flaps up. The LVDT sends
actuator position data to the SMYD.

BITE.
The SMYD has BITE test and continuous BITE. It stores failures in fault history.
You use the keypad to interface with the BITE. The display shows test results,
and prompts you for input.

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SMYD 1 - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

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9. OPERATIONS.

There is only one control for the yaw damper system. This is the ON/OFF
switch on the flight control panel in the flight compartment.

There are two displays for the yaw damper system. These are the yaw damper
warning light and the yaw damper indicator. The yaw damper warning light is
on the flight control panel above the yaw damper ON/OFF switch.
The yaw damper indicator shows yaw damper movement.

Engage Switch and Warning Light.


With the B hydraulic system ON, you engage the yaw damper system with the
ON/OFF switch on the flight control panel. To engage the YDS, put the switch
in the ON position. If there are no faults, two seconds later the yaw damper
warning light will go out. The switch is held in the ON position electronically.

Put the switch in the OFF position to disengage the YDS. The yaw damper
warning light will come on. The warning light comes on anytime the system
disengages.

Yaw Damper Indicator.


The yaw damper indicator shows yaw damper movement. The yaw damper
can move the rudder, in each direction, a maximum of 2 degrees with flaps up
and 3 degrees with flaps down to reduce dutch roll.

The yaw damper indicator shows this rudder motion, but the rudder pedals do
not move.

If you move the rudder with the rudder pedals, it does not move the indicator.
To test the indicator and the yaw damper system, do the servo test on the
SMYD BITE - GROUND TEST pageset at the end of this section.

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OPERATIONS

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9.1. Engage Interlocks. SMYDs.


The two SMYDs are identical. When the SMYD is in the number 1 position it
There are two SMYDs on the airplane. SMYD 1 controls yaw damping during uses the main rudder PCU for the primary yaw damper function.
normal operation, and requires that hydraulic system B is ON. SMYD 2 The primary yaw damper function of SMYD 1 can only be engaged when the
operates the wheel to rudder interconnect system (WTRIS) and yaw damping flight control B switch is in the ON position.
during standby operation, and requires that the standby hydraulic system is
ON, and systems A and B are OFF. When the SMYD is in the number 2 position it uses the standby rudder PCU
for WTRIS and standby yaw damper functions. These functions in SMYD 2
Engage Switch and Warning Light. are activated by pin programming at the E/E shelf. The WTRIS function is used
You engage the yaw damper system (YDS) with a switch on the flight control when the flight controls are in manual reversion. The WTRIS and standby yaw
module when you put the switch in the ON position. Two seconds after you damping functions of SMYD 2 can only be engaged when standby hydraulics
put the switch in the ON position the yaw damper warning light goes out. is ON and both systems A and B are OFF.
The switch is held in the ON position electronically.

You put the switch in the OFF position to disengage the YDS. After moving
the switch to the OFF position the yaw damper warning light comes on.
The warning light comes on anytime the system disengages.

Training Information Point.


The electrical ground for the disengage light is connected in series through
both SMYDs. Thus, both SMYDs must be installed in the E/E shelf to test the
disengage light.

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ENGAGE INTERLOCKS

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10. TRAINING INFORMATION POINT.

10.1. SMYD BITE. To operate BITE, the airplane must have the flaps up and VCAS < 60 knots or
engine not running to start the test. Engines not running means that the on-
The SMYD has these BITE functions : side engine N1 < 15% and the off-side engine N1 < 50%.

- Continuous monitors, Main Menu.


- BITE tests. These are the BITE main menu selections :

The BITE tests on the front of the SMYD test those items that the continuous - EXISTING FAULTS,
monitor cannot test. - FAULTS HISTORY,
- GROUND TESTS,
Continuous Monitor. - OTHER FUNCTIONS.
Continuous monitors test the SMYD for proper operation. When the SMYD
has a failure, a fault is put in fault history. Some faults cause no SMYD You push the YES key to enter any of these menu selections.
outputs.

BITE Tests.
BITE tests have these functions :

- A quick system test,


- Check SMYD operation after replacement,
- A series of tests to show all functions are within specifications,
- Support fault isolation.

Six push-button switches and a two row 8 character display are on the front of
the SMYD for BITE tests.

BITE Operation.
Push the ON/OFF switch to start BITE tests. Push the up arrow to see the
previous menu item. Push the down arrow or NO key to see the next menu
item. Push the YES key to move down into the menu on the display. Push the
MENU key to move back up one level. In some Lists, TOP OF LIST and END OF
LIST show for one second when you move to the top or bottom of the list.

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SMYD BITE

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10.2. SMYD BITE - Existing Faults.


Existing Faults.
The existing faults test does a check of the interfaces to the SMYD.

To do the existing faults test, do these steps :

- Go to the main menu,


- Use the up or down arrow switches until you see EXISTING FAULTS? In
the BITE display,
- Push the YES switch.

If the test passes, then the display shows NO FAULTS. If the test fails, then the
display shows a fault message. You can use the switches on the BITE panel to
see more information about the fault message. You can also see if there are
other fault messages.

More Details.
MORE DETAILS? shows :

- The message number,


- Flight deck effect for the SWS, YD, and autoslat,
- The most likely LRU causing the fault,
- Whether the fault is Latched or not.

Reset Latches.
To reset the latched faults, push the YES switch. The RESET IN PROGRESS
display will show while the Latched faults are being reset.

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SMYD - EXISTING FAULTS

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10.3. SMYD BITE - Fault History.


The fault history selection shows fault information that is in the non-volatile
memory (NVM) in the SMYD. Monitors in the SMYD put data in the NVM
during these conditions :

- System tests using the SMYD BITE,


- Continuous monitoring,
- Power up tests.

The NVM keeps data for the Last 64 flight Legs and a maximum of 256
failures. Only flight Legs that have faults are displayed in fault history.
The flight Leg changes when the airplane goes from the ground to the air,
except during touch and go operations. Flight Leg 0 is the most recent flight.

To find fault information, do these steps :

- Go to the main menu,


- Use the up or down arrow switches until you see FAULT HISTORY? In
the BITE display,
- Push the YES switch,
- Use the up or down arrow switches until you see the flight Leg that you
want,
- Push the YES switch.

The information for MORE DETAILS? is the same as for the existing faults test.

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SMYD BITE - FAULT HISTORY

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10.4. SMYD BITE - Ground Tests. Discrete Inputs.


You check the status of the discrete inputs from the DISCRETE INPUTS? menu.
GROUND TEST has these menus : Push the YES switch to see the List of discrete inputs. Use the up (previous),
and down (next) arrows to move through the list.
- SELF TESTS?
- DISCRETE INPUTS? ARINC 429 Test.
- ARINC 429 INPUTS? You can check the ARINC 429 buses from the ARINC 429 INPUT? You can
- ANALOG INPUTS? check the activity status of these buses :
- SERVO TEST?
- DISPLAY TEST?. - On side IR bus,
- Off side IR bus,
To start one of these tests, do these steps : - On side ADR bus,
- CDS DEU bus,
- Go to the main menu, - FMC bus,
- Use the up or down arrow switches until you see GROUND TESTS? in - DFCS MCP bus,
the BITE display, - Cross channel bus.
- Push the YES switch,
- Use the up or down arrow switches until you see the test that you Push the YES switch to see if the bus is active or inactive. Use the up and
want, down arrows to move through the List.
- Push the YES switch.
Analog Inputs.
If the test passes, then the display shows TEST PASSED. If the test fails, then You check the status of these sensors from the ANALOG INPUTS? menu.
the display shows a fault message. The information for MORE DETAILS? is the Push the YES switch to select a sensor.
same as for the existing faults test.
Use the up (previous) and down (next) arrows to move through the list.
Self Test. These sensors can be checked :
The self test checks the SMYD for faults. When you push YES, the display
shows TEST IN PROGRESS until the test is finished. If the SMYD passes the - AOA sensor,
test, the display shows SMYD LRU OK. If the SMYD does not pass the test, the - Flap sensor,
display shows SMYD LRU FAIL for 2 seconds, then shows the first fault. - Wheel sensor,
- YD LVDT.

Push the YES switch to select a sensor. Use the up (previous),


and down (next) arrows to move through the list.

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Servo Test.
You test the yaw damper components on the rudder PCU, as well as the
interface between the SMYD and the PCU, with the SERVO TEST. You can test
these components :

- Yaw damper EHSV,


- Yaw damper engage solenoid,
- Yaw damper LVDT.

Display Test.
You test the display on the SMYD by pushing the YES switch when the
DISPLAY TEST? prompt shows.

The test takes about 10 seconds. ALL the LEDs on the Left half of the top line
will come on first. Then all the LEDs on the right half will come on. Next all the
LEDs on the Left half of the bottom Line will come on, and finally all the LEDs
on the right half will come on. When the test is complete, DISPLAY TEST? will
show on the display.

SMYD BITE - GROUND TESTS

EFFECTIVITY
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Training manual Yaw Damper System

10.5. SMYD BITE - Servo.


The servo test consists of these two tests :

- ZERO COMMAND,
- SWEEP TEST.

Zero Command.
The main rudder PCU is commanded to the zero position.
The signal from the LVDT is compared to the servo command.

Sweep Test.
The main rudder PCU is commanded to the Left, right and center position.
The signal from the LVDT is compared to the servo command to pass or fail
the test. If the test passes, the ZERO COMMAND menu shows after the TEST
EXISTING? display. If the test fails, the faults are listed the same as for the
existing faults test.

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SMYD BITE - SERVO TEST

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Training manual Yaw Damper System

10.6. SMYD BITE Other Functions.


OTHER FUNCTIONS has these menus :

- SYSTEM CONFIG?
- I/O MONITOR.

To enter these sections you must push the YES key.

System Configuration.
In the system configuration section you verify these attributes :

- Part number,
- Software Level,
- Position (1 or 2),
- Airplane type,
- FAA or CAA/FAA.

I/O Monitor.
In the I/O Monitor section you verify these inputs and outputs :

- ARINC 429 inputs,


- ARINC 429 low speed outputs,
- ARINC 429 high speed outputs.

EFFECTIVITY
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Training manual Yaw Damper System

SMYD BITE - OTHER FUNCTIONS

EFFECTIVITY
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Training manual Yaw Damper System

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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