593

Index

AL
5th Generation Core (5GC) 379, 385, 432, ACM see Address Complete Message

RI
435, 446, 451 Acquisition Indication Channel (AICH)
64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 132, 136

TE
(64‐QAM) 180 Active Antenna System (AAS) 384, 395
64‐QAM see 64 Quadrature Amplitude Active Set 158
MA
Modulation Adaptive Frequency Hopping (AFH) 537
802.11 standard 465 Adaptive Multirate (AMR) 16, 148
802.11a standard 488 Address Complete Message (ACM) 9, 52
802.11ac standard 497 Ad hoc mode 469
D

802.11ad 506 A2DP see Advanced Audio

802.11b standard 484 Distribution Profile
TE

802.11e standard 523 ADSL see Asynchronous Digital

802.11f standard 477 Subscriber Line
GH

802.11g standard 486 Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP)

802.11h standard 468 574–76
802.11i standard 468, 510, 519 AFH see Adaptive Frequency Hopping
RI

802.11n standard 489 AGCH see Access Grant Channel

802.1x standard 516 AICH see Acquisition Indication Channel
PY

AID see Association identity

a A‐interface 14, 81, 163
Abis interface 34, 95–96 Air interface access control 479
CO

Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Numbers
(ARFCNs) 25
Access Grant Channel (AGCH) 33, 83–84
Access Management Function (AMF) 433,
436, 448, 451
Access point (AP) 469
Access Stratum (AS) 115
ACK frames see Acknowledgment frames
Acknowledgment (ACK) frames 479
ACL see Asynchronous Connectionless packets
AKA see Authentication and key agreement
AMR see Adaptive Multirate
APSD see Automated Power Save Delivery
ARFCNs see Absolute Radio Frequency
Channel Numbers
ARQ see Automatic Retransmission Request
Asserted Identities 341
Association identity (AID) 478
Asynchronous Connectionless (ACL)
packets 540

From GSM to LTE-Advanced Pro and 5G: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband,
Fourth Edition. Martin Sauter.
© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published 2021 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
594 Index
Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line
(ADSL) 216
at+cgdcont 147
AT command 571
AuC see Authentication Center
Authentication algorithms 21, 329, 517
Authentication and key agreement
(AKA) 172
Authentication Center (AuC) 172
Authentication Server Function (AUSF)
433, 434
Authentication token (AUTN) 172
Authentication triplets 22, 100, 517
AUTN see Authentication token
Automated Power Save Delivery
(APSD) 529
Automatic Retransmission Request
(ARQ) 238
b Calling Line Identification Presentation
Backhaul considerations 432
Bandwidth Part (BWP) 401
Base Band Unit (BBU) 383, 385, 388
Base station controller (BSC) 35
Base Station Subsystem (BSS) 12, 24
Base Station Subsystem Mobile Application
Part (BSSMAP) 10, 36
Base transceiver station (BTS) 26
Basic service set (BSS) 468
BCCH see Broadcast Common
Control Channel
BCH see Broadcast Channel
Beacon frames 472–73
Beamforming 395, 493, 500–502
Bearer‐Independent Call Control (BICC)
protocol 11, 16, 356
Bearer‐Independent Core Network (BICN)
16, 111
BEP see Bit error probability
BICC protocol see Bearer‐Independent
Call Control
BICN see Bearer‐Independent Core Network
Billing records 63, 218
Bit error probability (BEP) 76
BLE see Bluetooth Low Energy
BLE Beacons 587
BLER see Block Error Rate
Block Error Rate (BLER) 139, 179
Bluetooth Low Energy 577
Broadcast Channel (BCH) 50, 82, 127
Broadcast Common Control Channel
(BCCH) 32, 76, 129, 228
BSC see Base station controller
BSS see Base Station Subsystem; Basic
service set
BSSMAP see Base Station Subsystem Mobile
Application Part
BSSMAP protocol 10, 36, 165
BTS see Base transceiver station
c
Call Control (CC) protocol 13, 111
Call‐independent supplementary services
(CISS) 287
(CLIP) 53
Calling Line Identification Restriction
(CLIR) 53
Call Session Control Function (CSCF) 327
CAMEL see Customized Applications for
Mobile‐Enhanced Logic
Carrier aggregation 272–78
CCCH see Common Control Channel
CCEs see Control Channel Elements
CCK see Complementary Code Keying
CC protocol see Call Control protocol
CCTrCh see Composite Coded Transport
Channels
CDMA see Code Division Multiple Access
CDMA2000 205
Cell breathing 124
Cell‐DCH state 151, 197
Cell‐FACH state 152
Cell‐ID 15, 32, 50, 55, 130, 133, 227, 289
Cell‐PCH state 150, 153
Cell planning 123
Cell reselection 50, 85, 135, 229, 261
Cell search 32, 247
Channel coder 43, 76, 131, 164
Channel Quality Index (CQI) 179

Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) 232
Charging Function (CHF) 440
Chase Combining method 178, 186
Chip rate 121, 122, 486
CID see Connection identity
C‐interface 12
Ciphering 22, 45, 89, 100, 238, 510, 563
Ciphering key (CK) 172
Circuit‐switched data 18
Circuit‐switched (CS) fallback 283
CISS see Call‐independent supplementary
services
Clear to Send (CTS) 480
CLIP see Calling Line Identification
Presentation
CLIR see Calling Line Identification
Restriction
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 116
Collision avoidance 481, 498
Common channels 30, 128
Common Control Channel (CCCH) 129
Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) 133
Common Traffic Channel (CTCH) 129
Complementary Code Keying (CCK) 485
Composite Coded Transport Channels
(CCTrCh) 131
Connection‐active state 547
Connection‐hold state 548
Connection identity (CID) 553
Connection‐park state 548
Connection‐sniff state 548
Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC) 193
Continuous timing advance update
procedure 94
Control Channel Elements (CCEs) 228
Control plane 128, 211, 315
Control Resource Set (CORESET) 403–404
Core Network Mobility Management 155
CPC see Continuous Packet Connectivity
CPICH see Common Pilot Channel
CQI see Channel Quality Index; Channel
Quality Indicator
CRC see Cyclic redundancy check
CSCF see Call Session Control Function
CS fallback see Circuit‐switched fallback
Index 595
CTCH see Common Traffic Channel
CTS see Clear to Send
Customized Applications for Mobile‐
Enhanced Logic (CAMEL) 63
Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) 44,
518, 541
d
DBPSK see Differential Binary Phase
Shift Keying
DCCH see Dedicated Control Channel
DCF see Distributed coordination function
DCH see Dedicated channel
DCI format see Downlink Control
Information format
Dedicated bearer 153, 242, 259, 332, 355
Dedicated channel (DCH) 156
Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)
130, 176
Dedicated Physical Control Channel
(DPCCH) 132
Dedicated Physical Data Channel
(DPDCH) 132
Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH) 130
Default bearer 250
Demodulation Reference Signals
(DMRS) 400, 412
DHCP see Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol
Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying
(DBPSK) 485
Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
(DQPSK) 485
DIFS see Distributed coordination function
interframe space
Digital dividend band 208
D‐interface 13
Direct forwarding 258
Direct link protocol (DLP) 470
Direct sequence spread spectrum
(DSSS) 485
Direct Transfer Application Part (DTAP) 10
Discontinuous reception (DRX) 262–67
Discontinuous transmission (DTX) method
48, 131, 151
596 Index
Distributed coordination function
(DCF) 480
Distributed coordination function interframe
space (DIFS) 480
Distributed Virtual Resource Blocks
(DVRBs) 226
DLP see Direct link protocol
DNS see Domain Name System/service
Domain Name System/service (DNS) 323
Downlink channel structure 228
Downlink Control Information (DCI)
format 244
Downlink scheduling 242
Downlink shared channel 174, 177, 249
DPCCH see Dedicated Physical
Control Channel
DPDCH see Dedicated Physical Data Channel
DQPSK see Differential Quadrature Phase
Shift Keying
Drift Radio Network Controller
(D‐RNC) 160
D‐RNC see Drift Radio Network Controller
DRS see Demodulation Reference Signals
DRX see Discontinuous reception
DSSS see Direct sequence spread spectrum
DTAP see Direct Transfer Application Part
DTCH see Dedicated Traffic Channel
DTX method see Discontinuous
transmission method
Dual‐carrier HSDPA 179
Dual‐cell HSDPA 179
DVRBs see Distributed Virtual
Resource Blocks
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
(DHCP) 296, 470
Dynamic scheduling 243
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) 381,
385, 410
e Enhanced HARQ Information Channel
E‐AGCH see Enhanced Access Grant Channel
EAP‐PEAP 515
EAPs see Extensible Authentication Protocols
EAP‐SIM authentication 517–18
EAP‐TTLS 513
Early Media 340
eCall 198
EcNo 157
E‐1 connection 34, 41, 89
EDCA see Enhanced Distributed
Channel Access
E‐DCH see Enhanced Dedicated Channel
EDGE see Enhanced Datarates for GSM
Evolution
EDGE for GPRS (EGPRS) 71
E‐DPCCH see Enhanced Dedicated Physical
Control Channel
E‐DPDCH see Enhanced Dedicated Physical
Data Channel
EDR see Enhanced datarate
Eduroam 515
EFR codec see Enhanced full‐rate codec
EGPRS see EDGE for GPRS
E‐HICH see Enhanced HARQ
Information Channel
E‐interface 12
eMBMS 367
EMLPP see Enhanced Multi‐Level
Precedence and Preemption
Energy sensing 498
Enhanced Access Grant Channel
(E‐AGCH) 185
Enhanced datarate (EDR) 534
Enhanced Datarates for GSM Evolution
(EDGE) 69
Enhanced Dedicated Channel
(E‐DCH) 184–87
Enhanced Dedicated Physical Control
Channel (E‐DPCCH) 186
Enhanced Dedicated Physical Data Channel
(E‐DPDCH) 186
Enhanced Distributed Channel Access
(EDCA) 526
Enhanced full‐rate (EFR) codec 40
(E‐HICH) 187
Enhanced Multi‐Level Precedence and
Preemption (EMLPP) 26
Enhanced Radio Network Temporary ID
(E‐RNTI) 190

Enhanced Relative Grant Channel
(E‐RGCH) 187
Enhanced Uplink (EUL) 183
eNode‐B 206
Enterprise mode authentication 512–18
E‐RGCH see Enhanced Relative
Grant Channel
E‐RNTI see Enhanced Radio Network
Temporary ID
ESS see Extended Service Set
ETSI GSM standards see European
Telecommunication Standards Institute
GSM standards
EUL see Enhanced Uplink
European Telecommunication Standards
Institute GSM standards 5
Eutran New Radio Dual Connectivity
(EN‐DC) 387
evolved Common Public Radio Interface
(eCPRI) 388
Extended Service Set (ESS) 469
Extensible Authentication Protocols
(EAPs) 512
f G.722.2 codec 148, 325, 337
FACCH see Fast Associated Control Channel
FACH see Forward Access Channel
Fast Associated Control Channel
(FACCH) 30
Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) 220
FBI see Feedback indicator
FCCH see Frequency Correction Channel
FDD see Frequency division duplex
FDMA see Frequency division multiple access
FEC see Forward error correction
Feedback indicator (FBI) 193
FFR see Fractional Frequency Reuse
FFT see Fast Fourier Transformation
FHS see Frequency‐hopping synchronization
FHSS see Frequency‐hopping spread
spectrum
File Transfer Profile (FTP) 569
Forward Access Channel (FACH) 131
Forward error correction (FEC) 540
Fractional DPCH 194
Index 597
Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) 280
Frequency bands 25, 208
Frequency Correction Channel (FCCH)
31–32
Frequency division duplex (FDD) 204
Frequency division multiple access
(FDMA) 28
Frequency‐hopping spread spectrum
(FHSS) 536
Frequency‐hopping synchronization
(FHS) 546
Frequency Range (FR) 381, 389, 407
FTP see File Transfer Profile
g
GAP see Generic Access Profile
Gateway GPRS support node (GGSN)
90, 145
Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
(GFSK) 534
Gaussian minimum shift keying
(GMSK) 48
Gb interface 96
Gc interface 98
General control SAP 115
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) 69
Generic Access Profile (GAP) 567
Generic Object Exchange profile
(GOEP) 568
GFSK see Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
GGSN see Gateway GPRS support node
Gi interface 97
GMM/SM see GPRS mobility management/
session management
GMSK see Gaussian minimum shift keying
gNB 383, 385–88, 416, 422, 436–43
Gn interface 96, 269
GOEP see Generic Object Exchange profile
Gp interface 98
GPRS see General Packet Radio Service
GPRS air interface 72
GPRS mobility management/session
management (GMM/SM) 99
GPRS state model 84
598 Index
GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP) 96,
145, 211
Gr interface 98
Gs interface 99
GSM base station 26
GTP see GPRS Tunneling Protocol
Guaranteed bit rate 333
Guard interval (GI) 490
Guard time 29, 492
h Hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request
Half‐rate (HR) codec 41
Handoff see Handover
Handover 54, 158, 254, 271, 359
Hard handover 157
HARQ see Hybrid Automatic
Retransmission Request
HCCA see Hybrid Coordination Function
Controlled Channel Access
HCF see Hybrid Coordination Function
HCI see Host Controller Interface
Header Error Check (HEC) 542
Headset profile 570
HEC see Header Error Check
HID see Human interface device profile
High rate/direct sequence spread spectrum
(HR/DSSS) 485
High‐Speed Downlink Packet Access
(HSDPA) 174
High‐Speed Packet Access 107–99
High‐Speed Physical Downlink Shared
Channels (HS‐PDSCH) 174
High‐Speed Shared Control Channels
(HS‐SCCHs) 175
High‐Speed Uplink Packet Access
(HSUPA) 183
HLR see Home Location Register
Home Location Register (HLR) 17
Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 217
Host Controller Interface (HCI) 549
HR codec see Half‐rate codec
HR/DSSS see High rate/direct sequence
spread spectrum
HSDPA see High‐Speed Downlink
Packet Access
HSPA see High‐Speed Packet Access
HS‐PDSCH see High‐Speed Physical
Downlink Shared Channels
HSS see Home Subscriber Server
HS‐SCCHs see High‐Speed Shared Control
Channels
HSUPA see High‐Speed Uplink Packet Access
HT Greenfield mode 494
HT‐mixed mode 494
Human interface device (HID) profile 577
(HARQ) 176, 229
Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF) 526
Hybrid Coordination Function Controlled
Channel Access (HCCA) 526
Hypervisor 299
i
IAPP see Inter‐Access Point Protocol
IBSS see Independent Basic Service Set
ICIC see Intercell Interference Coordination
I‐CSCF see Interrogating‐CSCF
Idle state 165, 263
IMS see IP Multimedia Subsystem
IMSI see International Mobile Subscriber
Identity
IN see Intelligent Network Subsystem
Incremental redundancy 78, 186
Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) 469
Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM)
band 466, 579
Infrastructure BSS mode 469
Initialization key 559
Inquiry scan 546
Integrated Services Digital Network
(ISDN) 2
Integrated Services Digital Network User Part
(ISUP) protocol 8
Integrity key (IK) 172, 518
Intelligent Network Subsystem (IN) 63
Inter‐Access Point Protocol (IAPP) 477
Inter‐BSC handover 54
Intercell Interference Coordination
(ICIC) 280
Interleaver 43

Inter‐MSC handover 55
International Mobile Subscriber Identity
(IMSI) 17
International Telecommunication Union
(ITU) standards 205
Inter‐RAT handover 271
Interrogating‐CSCF (I‐CSCF) 327, 331
Inter‐SGSN routing area update (IRAU) 90
Intersystem handover 162
Intra‐BSC handover 54
I‐path 140
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) 326
IPv6 in Mobile Networks 292
ISDN see Integrated Services Digital Network
ISM see Industrial, scientific and
medical band
ISUP protocol see Integrated Services Digital
Network User Part protocol
ITU standards see International
Telecommunication Union standards
Iu(cs) interface 109
Iu(ps) interface 145
Iur interface 147
k Message Integrity Code (MIC) 518
Kc see Ciphering key
l MIB see Master Information Block
LAPD see Link Access Protocol
L2CAP see Logical Link Control and
Adaptation Protocol
Link Access Protocol (LAPD) 34
Link controller 546
Link key 559
Link manager 549
LLC see Logical Link Control
Localized Virtual Resource Blocks
(LVRBs) 226
Location area update 50
Location update (LU) 50
Logical link access protocol 116
Logical Link Control (LLC) 95, 483
Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol
(L2CAP) 552
Long‐term evolution (LTE) 203
Index 599
LTE see Long‐Term Evolution
LU see Location update
LVRBs see Localized Virtual Resource
Blocks
m
MAC‐d layer 188
MAC‐e layer 188
MAC‐es layer 188
MAC header 91, 130, 240, 478
Machine Type Communication 306
MAC layer see Medium Access Control layer
MAP see Mobile Application Part
Master Cell Group (MCG) 387
Master‐eNB (MeNB) 387
Master Information Block (MIB) 229, 311
Master‐slave role switch 540
MCC see Mission Critical Communication;
Mobile Country Code
MCPTT see Mission Critical Push To Talk
MCS see Modulation and coding schemes
Media Gateways (MGWs) 111, 150, 346
Medium Access Control (MAC) layer 139,
479, 509
Message Transfer Part 1 (MTP‐1) protocol 7
MGWs see Media Gateways
MIC see Message Integrity Code
millimeter Wave (mmWave) 381
MIMO see Multiple Input Multiple Output
Minimum Set of Data 198–99
Mission Critical Communication 363
Mission Critical Push To Talk 368
MM see Mobility Management
MME see Mobility Management Entity
MMS see Multimedia Messaging Service
MNC see Mobile Network Code
MNP see Mobile number portability
Mobile Application Part (MAP) 10
Mobile Country Code (MCC) 17
Mobile device classes 79
Mobile Network Code (MNC) 17
Mobile number portability (MNP) 18
Mobile‐originated voice call (MOC) 170
600 Index
Mobile Subscriber Identification Number
(MSIN) 17
Mobile Subscriber Integrated Services Digital
Network Number (MSISDN) 18
Mobile Switching Center (MSC) 3
Mobile‐terminated call 51
Mobility Management (MM) 90, 100, 130,
156, 182, 260, 265
Mobility Management Entity (MME) 213
MOC see Mobile‐originated voice call
Modulation and coding schemes
(MCS) 76–79, 493, 497, 508
MSC see Mobile Switching Center
MSD see Minimum Set of Data
MSIN see Mobile Subscriber
Identification Number
MSISDN see Mobile Subscriber Integrated
Services Digital Network Number
MTC see Machine‐Type Communication
MTP‐1 protocol see Message Transfer Part1
protocol
Multimedia Broadcast Single Frequency
Network (MBSFN) 412
Multimedia Messaging Service 104, 360
Multiple Input Multiple Output
(MIMO) 233
Multislot classes 71
Multi‐User (MU) beamforming 384, 501
n Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factors
NACC see Network‐assisted cell change
Narrowband Internet of Things 307
NAS see Non‐access Stratum
NAT see Network Address Translation
NBAP see Node‐B Application Part
Nb interface 16
NB‐IoT see Narrowband Internet of Things
Nc interface 16
NDP see Null Data Packet
Near–far effect 124
Network Address Translation (NAT) 216,
292, 325
Network‐assisted cell change (NACC) 85
Network Function Virtualization 298
Network mode of operation 80
Network Sharing 288
Network Slicing 459
Network Subsystem (NSS) 12
NFV see Network Function Virtualization
NIDD see Non‐IP Data Delivery
Node‐B 109, 137, 170
Node‐B Application Part (NBAP) 142
Non‐Access Stratum (NAS) 115
Non‐IP Data Delivery 316
Non Standalone Architecture (NSA) 379,
382, 383, 385
Notification SAP 115
NSS see Network Subsystem
Null Data Packet (NDP) 500
o
OBEX see Object Exchange
Object Exchange (OBEX) 568
Object push profile 568
OFDM see Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing
OFDMA see Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiple Access
Open system authentication 474
Option 3x 387
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple
Access (OFDMA) 220
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
(OFDM) 486
(OVSF) code tree 121
OVSF code tree see Orthogonal Variable
Spreading Factors code tree
p
PACCH see Packet‐Associated
Control Channel
Packet‐Associated Control Channel
(PACCH) 81
Packet bursting 528
Packet Control Unit (PCU) 87
Packet Data Convergence Protocol
(PDCP) 238
Packet Data Network Gateway
(PDN‐GW) 215

Packet Data Protocol (PDP) 84, 103,
135, 171
Packet data traffic channel (PDTCH) 72
Packet Data Units (PDUs) 137
Packet loss rate 333
Packet Mobility Management (PMM)
130, 155
Packet‐switched data 70
Packet timing advance control channel
(PTCCH) 82
Paging 32, 53, 80, 130, 153, 165, 264,
311, 548
Paging Channel (PCH) 32, 129, 156
Paging Control Channel (PCCH) 130, 228
Pairing 559–60
PAPR see Peak to Average Power Ratio
PBCH see Physical Broadcast Channel
PCCH see Paging Control Channel
P‐CCPCH see Primary Common Control
Physical Channel
PCFICH see Physical Control Format
Indicator Channel
PCH see Paging Channel
PCI see Physical Cell Identity
PCRF see Policy and Charging Rules
Function; Policy Control Resource
Function
P‐CSCF see Proxy‐Call Session Control
Function
PCU see Packet Control Unit
PDCCH see Physical Downlink
Control Channel
PDCP see Packet Data Convergence Protocol
PDN‐GW see Packet Data Network Gateway
PDP see Packet Data Protocol
PDSCH see Physical Downlink
Shared Channel
PDTCH see Packet data traffic channel
PDUs see Packet Data Units
Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR)
222–23
Permanent Equipment Identity (PEI) 435
Personal mode authentication 510
Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) 228
Physical Cell Identity (PCI) 227, 248
Index 601
Physical channels 129, 230
Physical Control Format Indicator Channel
(PCFICH) 228
Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCC)
228, 276, 311
Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSC)
174, 227, 310
Physical Layer Convergence Procedure
(PLCP) 485
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)
132, 231
Piconets 538
PLCP see Physical Layer Convergence
Procedure
PLMN see Public Land Mobile Network
PMM see Packet Mobility Management
Policy and Charging Rules Function
(PCRF) 219
Policy Control Function (PCF) 433, 434,
440, 458
Policy Control Resource Function
(PCRF) 219
Power class 310, 537–38
Power Save Multipoll (PSMP) 493–96
Power saving (PS) mode 476
PRACH see Physical Random Access Channel
Prepaid billing 63
Primary Common Control Physical
Channel 132
Primary Synchronization Channels
(P‐SCH) 134
Primary synchronization signal (PSS)
227, 247
Process gain 119
Protocol service multiplexer (PSM) 553
Proxy‐Call Session Control Function
(P‐CSCF) 327
PSAP see Public Safety Answering Point
P‐SCH see Primary Synchronization Channels
PSM see Protocol service multiplexer
PSMP see Power Save Multipoll
PSS see Primary synchronization signal
Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) 13
Public Safety Answering Point 198–99
Puncturing 76
602 Index
q Release Complete (RLC) 9
QoS see Quality of Service
Q‐path 140
QPSK see Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
223–25
Quality of Service (QoS) 147, 260, 332–35
r RNC see Radio Network Controller
RAB see Radio Access Bearer
RACH see Random Access Channel
Radio Access Bearer (RAB) 114, 170, 210
Radio Access Network Application Part
(RANAP) 143
Radio link control (RLC) layer 95, 130, 138,
238, 332
Radio Link Reconfiguration 170
Radio Network Controller (RNC) 143
Radio Network Subsystem Application Part
(RNSAP) 143
Radio Resource Allocation 171
Radio Resource Control (RRC) 150,
240, 250–54
RANAP see Radio Access Network
Application Part
RAND see Random number
Random Access Channel (RACH) 33, 131,
230, 312
Random number (RAND) 45, 172, 573
RAN Notification Area (RNA) 455
RAU procedure see Routing area update
procedure
Ready state 85
Ready to Send (RTS) 556
Real‐Time Protocol (RTP) 333–40
Reassociation 477
Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) 156
Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI)
50, 261, 537, 546
Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)
261–62
Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)
261–62
Reference signals 226
REG see Resource Element Group
Remote Radio Head (RRH) 210
Resource Block (RB) 225
Resource Element (RE) 225
Resource Element Group (REG) 244
RFCOMM layer 553
RLC see Release Complete
RLC layer see Radio link control layer
RNSAP see Radio Network Subsystem
Application Part
Robust Header Compression (RoHC)
239, 336
RoHC see Robust Header Compression
Round‐trip delay (RTD) 176
Routing area update (RAU) procedure 86
RRC see Radio Resource Control
RRH see Remote Radio Head
RSCP see Received Signal Code Power
RSRP see Reference Signal Received Power
RSRQ see Reference Signal Received Quality
RSSI see Received Signal Strength Indication
RTD see Round‐trip delay
RTP see Real‐Time Protocol
RTS see Ready to Send
s
SABM see Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode
SACCH see Slow Associated Control
Channel
SAFER+ see Secure and Fast Encryption
Routine
SAPs see Service access points
S‐APSD see Scheduled‐Automated Power
Save Delivery
SAW see Stop and Wait
SCCP see Signaling Connection And
Control Part
S‐CCPCH see Secondary Common Control
Physical Channel
SCEF see Service Capability Exposure
Function
SC‐FDMA see Single‐Carrier Frequency
Division Multiple Access
SCH see Synchronization channel

Scheduled‐Automated Power Save Delivery
(S‐APSD) 530
SCO see Synchronous connection‐
oriented packets
S1 Control Plane (S1‐CP) protocol 212
S1‐CP protocol see S1 Control Plane protocol
SCPs see Service Control Points
Scrambling code 122
S‐CSCF see Serving Call Session Control
Function
SCTP see Stream Control Transmission
Protocol
SDCCH see Standalone Dedicated
Control Channel
SDN see Software Defined Networking
SDP see Service Discovery Protocol; Session
Description Protocol
Secondary Cell Group (SCG) 387, 426
Secondary Common Control Physical
Channel 132
Secondary‐gNB (SgNB) 387
Secondary Synchronization Channels
(S‐SCH) 134
Secondary synchronization signals
(SSS) 227
Secure and Fast Encryption Routine
(SAFER+) 558
Security Edge Protection Proxy
(SEPP) 434, 445
Security modes 564
Self‐Organizing Network (SON) 281
Semi‐persistent scheduling 245, 333
Serial Port Profile (SPP) 567
Service access points (SAPs) 115
Service Capability Exposure Function 316
Service Control Points (SCPs) 6, 63
Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) 554
Service set identity (SSID) 471
Service Switching Points (SSPs) 6, 9
Serving Call Session Control Function
(S‐CSCF) 326
Serving Gateway (S‐GW) 215, 327
Serving GPRS support node (SGSN) 88
Serving Radio Network Controller
(S‐RNC) 160
Index 603
Serving Radio Network Subsystem (SRNS)
relocation 162
Session Description Protocol (SDP) 338
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) 322
Session Management (SM) 99
Session Management Function (SMF) 433,
437, 439, 448, 460
Session Traversal Utilities for NAT
(STUN) 325
Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode
(SABM) 37
SGSN see Serving GPRS support node
S‐GW see Serving Gateway
S1 handover 256
Shared channels 129
Shared key authentication 475
Short interframe space (SIFS) 480
Short Messaging Service Center (SMSC) 23
SIB see System Information Block
SIFS see Short interframe space
Signaling Connection And Control Part
(SCCP) 9
Signaling radio bearer (SRB) 315, 430
Signaling radio bearer (SRB‐1) 253
Signaling System Number 7 (SS‐7) 6
Signaling Transfer Points (STPs) 7
Signal sensing 498
Signed response (SRES) 21, 517
SIM access profile 573
SIM card see Subscriber identity module card
Single‐Carrier Frequency Division Multiple
Access (SC‐FDMA) 222
Single frequency network 279
Single Radio Voice Call Continuity
(SRVCC) 346
Single‐User (SU) beamforming 501
S1 interface 210
SIP see Session Initiation Protocol
Slow Associated Control Channel
(SACCH) 30
SM see Session Management
Smartphone architecture 57
SMSC see Short Messaging Service Center
SMS over SGs 284
SMTP see Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
604 Index
SNDCP see Subnetwork‐Dependent
Convergence Protocol
Soft handover 158
Software‐Defined Networking (SDN)
305–06
SON see Self‐Organizing Network
Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) 232
Source‐filter model 42
Space time block coding (STBC) 493
Split bearer 387, 405, 416, 423, 427
SPP see Serial Port Profile
Spreading 119
SRB‐1 see Signaling radio bearer
SRES see Signed response
S‐RNC see Serving Radio Network Controller
SRNS relocation see Serving Radio Network
Subsystem relocation
SRS see Sounding Reference Signal
SRVCC see Single Radio Voice Call Continuity
SS‐7 see Signaling System Number 7
S‐SCH see Secondary Synchronization
Channels
SSID see Service set identity
SSPs see Service Switching Points
SSS see Secondary synchronization signals
Standalone (SA) 382, 385, 432, 433, 446, 454
Standalone Dedicated Control Channel
(SDCCH) 32
STBC see Space time block coding
Stealing bits 30
STM standard see Synchronous Transfer
Mode standard
Stop and Wait (SAW) 177
STPs see Signaling Transfer Points
Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)
11, 144, 212
STUN see Session Traversal Utilities for NAT
Subnetwork‐Dependent Convergence
Protocol (SNDCP) 95
Subscriber identity module (SIM) card 58
Subscription Concealed Identifier
(SUCI) 435
Subscription Permanent Identifier
(SUPI) 435
S1‐UP see S1 User Plane
Supplementary services 19–20
S1 User Plane (S1‐UP) 211
Switching matrix 2
Synchronization Channel (SCH) 32, 133
Synchronization Signal Block (SSB)
393, 396
Synchronous connection‐oriented (SCO)
packets 543
Synchronous Transfer Mode (STM)
standard 6
System Information Block (SIB) 229, 265
t
T‐ADS 349
TBF see Temporary block flows
TCAP protocol see Transaction Capability
Application Part protocol
TCH see Traffic channel
TCP see Transmission Control Protocol
TDD see Time Division Duplex
TD‐LTE interface see Time Division Long‐
Term Evolution interface
TDMA see Time Division Multiple Access
TEID see Tunnel Endpoint Identity
Temporary block flows (TBF) 91
Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity
(TMSI) 32
TFCI see Traffic Format Combination ID
TFCS see Transport Format Combination Set
TFI see Traffic Format Identifier
TFS see Transport Format Set
TID see Tunnel identifier
TIM see Traffic Indication Map
Time Division Duplex (TDD) 204
Time Division Long‐Term Evolution (TD‐
LTE) interface 241
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) 28
Timeslot aggregation 73
Timing advance 32
Timing advance control 32
TMSI see Temporary Mobile Subscriber
Identity
TPC see Transmit Power Control
Traffic channel (TCH) 34–37
Traffic Format Combination ID (TFCI) 186

Traffic Format Identifier (TFI) 91
Traffic Indication Map (TIM) 478
Transaction Capability Application Part
(TCAP) protocol 10
Transcoding and Rate Adaptation Unit
(TRAU) 39
Transcoding Free Operation (TrFO) 148
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) 8, 92,
139, 212, 568
Transmission Time Interval (TTI) 138,
180, 192
Transmit Power Control (TPC) 193
Transport Format Combination Set
(TFCS) 189
Transport Format Set (TFS) 140
TRAU see Transcoding and Rate
Adaptation Unit
TrFO see Transcoding Free Operation
TTI see Transmission Time Interval
Tunnel Endpoint Identity (TEID) 252
Tunnel identifier (TID) 104–105
u VGCS see Voice Group Call Service
U‐APSD see Unscheduled‐Automated Power
Save Delivery
UART see Universal asynchronous receiver
and transmitter
UDP see User Datagram Protocol
UL DPCCH see Uplink Dedicated
Control Channel
UM DRB see Unacknowledged Mode Data
Radio Bearer
UMTS see Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
(UTRAN) 142
Unacknowledged Mode Data Radio Bearer
(UM DRB) 332
Unified Data Repository (UDR) 433, 434
Universal asynchronous receiver and
transmitter (UART) 550
Universal Data Management (UDM) 433, 434
Universally unique identity (UUID) 554, 585
Universal Mobile Telecommunications
System (UMTS) 107–99
Index 605
Unscheduled‐Automated Power Save
Delivery (U‐APSD) 529
Unstructured Supplementary Service Data
(USSD) 19
Uplink Dedicated Control Channel 193
Uplink scheduling 244, 246
URA‐PCH state 196
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) 9, 212
User plane 128
User Plane Function (UPF) 439, 448
User plane management 88
USSD see Unstructured Supplementary
Service Data
UTRAN see UMTS Terrestrial Radio
Access Network
UUID see Universally unique identity
Uu interface 137
v
VAD algorithm see Voice activity detection
algorithm
VBS see Voice Broadcast Service
Virtual circuit switching 3
Visitor Location Register (VLR) 16
VLR see Visitor Location Register
Voice activity detection (VAD)
algorithm 48
Voice Broadcast Service (VBS) 26
Voice Group Call Service (VGCS) 25
Voice over LTE (VoLTE) 321
Voice over Wifi 356
VoLTE see Voice over LTE
VoLTE Emergency Call 350
VoLTE Roaming 352
VoLTE Roaming Local Breakout 352
VoLTE S8‐Home Routing 354
VoWifi see Voice over Wifi
w
WCDMA see Wideband Code Division
Multiple Access
WEP see Wired Equivalent Privacy
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
(WCDMA) 108
606 Index

Wi‐Fi Multimedia (WMM) 523 WPA authentication see Wireless Protected

Wi‐Fi‐Protected Setup (WPS) 519 Access authentication
Wired Equivalent Privacy WPS see Wi‐Fi‐Protected Setup
(WEP) 476 WTP see Wireless Transaction Protocol
Wireless bridging 472
Wireless Protected Access (WPA) x
authentication 510–18 XCAP 344
WLAN hotspots 516 X2 handover 254
WMM see Wi‐Fi Multimedia X2 interface 210