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Cours Introduction Robotique SNPI
Cours Introduction Robotique SNPI
—Definition
◦ A robot is a mechanical articulated and actuated
system controlled by acomputer.
9 2. Categories of robots
—Mobile robots
—Unmanned Aerial
Vehicles (UAV)
—Underwater robots
—Humanoid robots
—Industrial robots :
topic of this lecture
Other categories : biologically inspired robots, medical robots, space
robots, cable-driven parallel robots, agricultural robots, rescue robots,
military robots, nano robots,...
10 3. Specific vocabulary
Actuator = motor
Joint = axis
Link
End-effector
Tool
Base
4. Robot main characteristics
11
4.1 Geometry
1
—Two types of joint
1
1 1 1
◦ Translational /prismatic :
2 2 2 2 2
◦ Rotational : 1 1
2 1 2
2 1
—Geometric characteristics 2
◦ Number of joints
◦ Architecture (serial or parallel)
◦ Joint sequence
◦ Number of degrees of freedom
4. Robot main characteristics
12
1. Geometry
—Definitions
◦ The configuration of a manipulator is the
description of the position of every point of the
manipulator.
◦ A robot is said to have n degrees of freedom if its
configuration can be defined by a minimum of n
parameters.
◦ On a parallel robot, the end-effector is linked to
the ground by several independent kinematic
chains.
◦ On a serial robot, the end-effector is linked to
the ground by only one kinematic chain.
4. Robot main characteristics
13
1. Geometry
—Examples
◦ 3 joints, serial, RRR, 3DoF
◦ 4 joints, parallel,RP+RP,
3DoF
4. Robot main characteristics
14
2. Workspace
—Definitions
◦ Reachable workspace : whole set of points
reachable by a point on the end-effector,
usually the tool center point.
◦ Dexterous workspace : whole set of points that
a point on the end-effector can reach without
limitation in its orientation.
4. Robot main characteristics
15
2. Workspace
—Maximal velocity
◦ Given for each joint and also sometimes for
the end-effector in the most favourable case.
—Maximal acceleration
◦ Given for each joint in the most unfavourable
case (i.e. in the maximal inertia configuration).
◦ Usually, an industrial robot is in an
acceleration/deceleration state most of the
time.The joints have rarely the time to reach
their maximum velocity.
4. Robot main characteristics
18
5. Payload
6R
— anthropomorphic industrial robot :
4. Robot main characteristics
20
4.6 Example :the KUKA KR30
Workspace
— :
4. Robot main characteristics
21
4.6 Example :the KUKA KR30
Other
— characteristics :
—Characteristics
◦ 3 perpendicular prismatic joints
◦ Very good accuracy
◦ Easy to control
◦ Slow
—Example
◦ Epson XM3000
5. Different kinds of robots
24
3. Parallel robots (out of the lecture scope)
—Characteristics
◦ Limited workspace
◦ High stiffness
◦ High dynamic performances
This is real time footage
—Example of theAdept Quattro
robot playing the mobile-
◦ Adept Quattro s650H device game "1to50" The
point of the game is to
press the buttons for the
numbers 1 through 50 in
succession. Quattro now
tops the leader boards.
5. Different kinds of robots
25
4. Anthropomorphic robots
—Characteristics
◦ Inspired by the human arm
◦ 6 DoFs
◦ Highly polyvalent
◦ The most common structure
—Examples
◦ Stäubli RX170HSM
◦ Robocoaster G3 (Kuka robot)
26
5. Different kinds of robots
5.4 Anthropomorphic robots
Various sizes
— :
6. Robot usage
27
1. Overview
Medical robotics
— :telemanipulation,
insertion,milling, cutting, positioning,
handling.
7.Stats
37
7.1. Robots worldwide
https://goo.gl/T7qo8y
—