The Sequence

Energy
Transition
Renewable
Energy
Energy
Efficiency
Energy
Conservation • Home Energy
Environmental Audit
Impact of • Energy
Energy Conservation
Activities Project
Fundamental 1 Energy From Environment

Environment Environment Resource

Hydrogen

Biomass, Solar Waste

Wind

Coal Energy Natural Energy

Gas

Nuclear Natural
Gas
Oil

XSOS: Energy & Environment

Fundamental 2 Energy Pyramid
Fundamental 3 Energy Quad

Energy Resource Need

Security • Energy source should match the need
• Energy Source should be
abundant

Minimum Waste / Sustainability

Affordability
• Minimum waste should be created in the • Energy should be affordable
process
 Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency

Assessment

11 Renewable Energy

Once an organisationdecides that they wish to pursue a renewable

energy option for heating or electricity supply, the challenge is to
determine the appropriate renewable measure(s) for their business. In
determining this, the auditor should be able to help the organization

• Identify what is financially viable and what is most appropriate for the
business
• Decide on the financing mechanism, whether to develop their own
project or use an ESCO model to fund the upgrade, and
• Agree where to implement the renewable energy measure.

While one renewable measure may work well for one business, there is
no guarantee that it will work well for another; careful evaluation and
consideration are required before choosing any option. Any evaluation
should also consider the measure that fits best with the organisation’s
brand, image and environmental or corporate social responsibility
objectives.
Renewables
Renewables Solar Energy
India Solar Resource
 World Population Distribution

Source: Wiki commons

 Solar Why Solar ??

Areas with Areas with Power

No power
power outages 24 Hours Power Business

Solar Pumps, Home Villages, Semi-Urban Urban Areas, Solar Farms

lighting Systems, Areas Industrial belts
Street lights etc.

Solar in Oman | Technology and Prospects

Solar Key Advantages of Solar Energy

Low Maintenance Highly Versatile High Durability Green Energy

No moving parts, Can be installed almost System life up to Pollution free, saves
No Noise everywhere for any 25 years. CO2 emissions
kind of power needs
Solar PV Technology and Prospects

Purpose: Power source for Purpose: Reducing electricity

remote / isolated expenditure.
applications
Solar PV Off grid Systems
Solar PV Off grid Systems - Applications

Solar Pumps Solar Street Traffic and Road Weather

Lights Displays Monitoring
Solar On grid Systems
Solar PV On Grid
Satattva Sustainable Development Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Solar - Off-Grid Standalone
Solar Pumps – No Grid / No Batteries
Solar - On-Grid | Stable Grid / No Batteries
Solar - Off-Grid
No Grid / Batteries are required
Solar - Off-Grid with Grid as standby
Unstable Grid / Less Batteries are required than standalone off-grid
Satattva Sustainable Development Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
 Solar - Off-Grid Standalone
No Grid / Batteries are required
Satattva Sustainable Development Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Solar - Off-Grid with Grid as standby
Unstable Grid / Less Batteries are required than standalone off-grid
Satattva Sustainable Development Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Solar - Off-Grid Standalone
No Grid / Batteries are required
Satattva Sustainable Development Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Solar - On-Grid | Stable Grid / No Batteries

Satattva Sustainable Development Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

Satattva Sustainable Development Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Solar - Off-Grid Standalone
No Grid / Batteries are required
Satattva Sustainable Development Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Renewables Solar – Photo Voltaic (SPV)

Advantages Challenges

✓ No moving parts – low maintenance o Low efficiency ~ 19-20%

✓ Technology is highly versatile. From small handheld o Electricity storage technology is not well developed.
applications to large scale applications. Hence, even if PV can produce sufficient energy,
✓ Electricity generated can be used for any electric storing the same for non-sunshine hours is expensive.
application.
✓ Distributed systems are possible. On site energy
generation can be done for small / big requirements.
Renewables Solar Energy

Solar Photo Voltaic (PV) - Electricity Solar Thermal – Heat / Electricity

Solar Thermal Solar Water Heater
Solar Thermal Solar Thermal Power Plant
Solar Thermal Solar Water Heater

Advantages Challenges

✓ Less space: Solar thermal panels require less space o They require direct sunlight to function.
than solar photovoltaic panels. Fewer are required to o A major drawback is that they do not function on
heat water than in a PV array that is used to provide cloudy, rainy, or foggy days.
sufficient power for a home. o Solar thermal electricity generation needs fresh water.
✓ High efficiency: Since 80 percent of the sun’s radiation There are a lot of moving parts which add to
is turned into heat energy for heating water, they are maintenance issues.
efficient compared to PV panels.
✓ Cost savings: They are cheaper for larger domestic
installations.
✓ Low maintenance: They need minimal maintenance,
and can run for up to 20 years.
✓ Lower carbon footprint: They are known to have less
carbon footprint than their counterpart PV systems.
✓ Salt Storage: Storage of thermal power is possible with
low cost molten salt technology.
Renewables
Renewables Hydro Power

Link
Renewables Hydro Power
Renewables Hydro Power

Advantages Challenges

✓ 24 hours renewable energy. o Selection of sit- Land use issues etc.

✓ Low cost of energy generation. o Centralized power generation. Hence, losses in
✓ Agriculture can be promoted in the nearby areas by distribution are present.
efficient use of water through irrigation systems. o A lot of moving parts, hence high maintenance costs.
o Marine life issues
Renewables Wind Power

Link
Renewables Wind Power
Renewables Wind Power
Renewables Wind Power

Advantages Challenges

✓ Low cost of energy generation.
o Selection of sit- Land use issues etc.
o Centralized power generation. Hence, losses in
distribution are present.
o A lot of moving parts, hence high maintenance costs.
o Birds issues.
Renewables Biomass
Renewables Biomass

Introduction

How biomass works ?

Renewables Waste to Energy

Introduction
Renewables Biomass
Renewables Tidal

How it Works ?
Renewables Tidal

Advantages Challenges

✓ High predictability o High Cost

✓ More energy generation as compared to similar sized o Site selection. Not all places will have significant tidal
wind mill potential.
✓ No land use issues. o Centralized power generation. Hence, losses in
distribution are present.
o A lot of moving parts and marine environment, hence
high maintenance costs.
o Marine life issues
Renewables Geothermal

Introduction
Renewables Geothermal
Renewables Geothermal

Advantages Challenges

✓ Zero emission system o Not free in nature, must be extracted.

✓ Highly efficient and versatile
o Hydrogen itself may not be environment friendly.
o Difficult to handle / transport – perceived as unsafe –
highly explosive.
o High cost
o No existing infrastructure.
Renewables Hydrogen – the fuel of future

Types of hydrogen

Introduction
Reference: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/07/clean-energy-green-hydrogen/
Renewables Hydrogen – the fuel of future
Renewables Hydrogen – Fuel Cells

How fuel cell Works ?

 The Sequence

Energy
Transition
Renewable
Energy
Energy • Design of
Efficiency Solar Energy
Energy Systems
Conservation • Home Energy
Environmental Audit
Impact of • Energy
Energy Conservation
Activities Project
Energy Transition
Energy Transition
Energy Transition – Key Enablers
Energy Transition – Key Enablers
Energy Transition – Key Enablers
Energy Transition – Key Enablers
Energy Transition
Decarbonisation
Decarbonisation - Example
Decarbonisation - Example
Decarbonisation - Example
Fundamental 1 Energy From Environment

Environment Environment Resource

Hydrogen

Biomass, Solar Waste

Wind

Coal Energy Natural Energy

Gas

Nuclear Natural
Gas
Oil

XSOS: Energy & Environment

Fundamental 2 Energy Pyramid
Fundamental 3 Energy Quad

Energy Resource Need

Security • Energy source should match the need
• Energy Source should be
abundant

Minimum Waste / Sustainability

Affordability
• Minimum waste should be created in the • Energy should be affordable
process