EX.

1.Write a PL/SQL code to create Package with procedures to perform insert,

retrieve, update and
delete operations on student table.

create table student_table(regno number primary key, sname varchar(15), age

number,dept varchar(4));

insert into student_table values(7160, 'Sam', 19, 'DS');

insert into student_table values(7170, 'Ram', 18, 'AIML');
insert into student_table values(7180, 'Tom', 20, 'DCS');
insert into student_table values(7190, 'Som', 19, 'SS');

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE student_op_pack AS

PROCEDURE insert_student(reg_no IN NUMBER, s_name IN VARCHAR2, new_age IN
NUMBER, new_dept IN VARCHAR2);

PROCEDURE retrieve_students;

PROCEDURE update_student(reg_no IN NUMBER, new_dept IN VARCHAR2);

PROCEDURE delete_student(reg_no IN NUMBER);

END student_op_pack;
/

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY student_op_pack AS

PROCEDURE insert_student(reg_no IN NUMBER, s_name IN VARCHAR2, new_age IN

NUMBER, new_dept IN VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO student_table(regno, sname, age, dept) VALUES (reg_no, s_name,
new_age, new_dept);
END insert_student;

PROCEDURE retrieve_students IS
BEGIN
FOR rec IN (SELECT * FROM student_table) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Regno:' || rec.regno || ', Name:' || rec.sname ||
', Age:' || rec.age || ', Department:' || rec.dept);
END LOOP;
END retrieve_students;

PROCEDURE update_student(reg_no IN NUMBER, new_dept IN VARCHAR2) IS

BEGIN
UPDATE student_table
SET dept = new_dept
WHERE regno = reg_no;
END update_student;

PROCEDURE delete_student(reg_no IN NUMBER) IS

BEGIN
DELETE FROM student_table WHERE regno = reg_no;
END delete_student;
END student_op_pack;
/

set serverout on

exec student_op_pack.insert_student(7120, 'Jack', 21, 'DS');

exec student_op_pack.retrieve_students;

exec student_op_pack.update_student(7170,'AIML');

exec student_op_pack.retrieve_students;

exec student_op_pack.delete_student(7120);

exec student_op_pack.retrieve_students;

2.Write a PL/SQL code to implement function overloading using Package.

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE OverloadPackage AS

FUNCTION add_numbers(x IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER;

FUNCTION add_numbers(x IN NUMBER, y IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER;

FUNCTION add_numbers(x IN NUMBER, y IN NUMBER, z IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER;

END OverloadPackage;
/

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY OverloadPackage AS

FUNCTION add_numbers(x IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS

BEGIN
RETURN x;
END add_numbers;

FUNCTION add_numbers(x IN NUMBER, y IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS

BEGIN
RETURN x + y;
END add_numbers;

FUNCTION add_numbers(x IN NUMBER, y IN NUMBER, z IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS

BEGIN
RETURN x + y + z;
END add_numbers;
END OverloadPackage;
/

DECLARE
result1 NUMBER;
 result2 NUMBER;
result3 NUMBER;
BEGIN
result1 := OverloadPackage.add_numbers(9);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result with one parameter: ' || result1);

result2 := OverloadPackage.add_numbers(1, 2);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result with two parameters: ' || result2);

result3 := OverloadPackage.add_numbers(2, 1, 4);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result with three parameters: ' || result3);
END;
/

3. Write a row trigger to insert the existing values of the salary table in to a
new table when the
salary table is updated.

CREATE TABLE salary (

employee_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
salary NUMBER
);

INSERT INTO salary (employee_id, salary) VALUES (1, 50000);

INSERT INTO salary (employee_id, salary) VALUES (2, 60000);
INSERT INTO salary (employee_id, salary) VALUES (3, 70000);

CREATE TABLE salary_backup (

employee_id NUMBER,
old_salary NUMBER,
new_salary NUMBER,
update_date DATE
);

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER salary_update_trigger

BEFORE UPDATE
ON salary
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
BEGIN
INSERT INTO salary_backup (employee_id, old_salary, new_salary, update_date)
VALUES (:OLD.employee_id, :OLD.salary, :NEW.salary, SYSDATE);
END;
/

UPDATE salary SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE employee_id = 1;

SELECT * FROM salary;

SELECT * FROM salary_backup;

4. Create a Trigger that does not allow DML operations on the employee table during
weekends.
create table empl(employee_id number(2) primary key, salary number(8));

insert into empl values(1,53420);

insert into empl values(2,52320);
insert into empl values(3,57720);
insert into empl values(4,74420);

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER prevent_weekend_operations

BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE
ON empl
BEGIN
IF TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'DY') IN ('SAT', 'SUN') THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'DML operations are not allowed on
weekends.');
END IF;
END;
/

UPDATE empl SET salary = 55000 WHERE employee_id = 1;

INSERT INTO empl (employee_id, salary) VALUES (5, 72000);

DELETE FROM empl WHERE employee_id = 4;