1. Betty's sister is an accomplished artist, children's book writer, and gourmet cook.

2. Three actions that citizens can take to help reduce air pollution are joining car pools, walking
or bicycling to work, and using mass transportation.

3. Learning a foreign language requires dedication, hard work, and continuous exposure to the
language.

4. Thrill seekers must be brave, level-headed, and cautious.

5. Individuals who want to accumulate wealth need to save regularly, shop wisely and frugally,
and have an investment plan.

6. Bill and Tom's favorite activities are swimming, collecting stamps, and exercising.

7. A good soldier must always act bravely, selflessly, purposefully, and with dedication.

8. The president promised voters to lower taxes, increase benefits for the elderly, and allocate
more resources to education.

9. As a student, the things I hated most were spending time in the library, writing term papers,
and experiencing tiredness from lack of sleep.

10. Peacocks have large, brightly colored, and beautiful plumage.

Exercise 4.1:

The greatest boxer of all time was Mohammed Ali. - X

Jogging is good exercise. - G

Computers have changed the world. - G

Bananas are the best fruit because they contain all the essential vitamins needed for a healthy
body. - S

Using cell phones while driving can be a hazard. - X

Religion is a crutch. - G

The most challenging board game ever invented is chess. - X

AIDS kills people every day. - G

Music soothes the soul. - G

Lawyers are too plentiful in the United States. - G

Exercise 4.2:
1. Italian food, with its combination of fresh ingredients and simple preparation methods, offers
a healthy and convenient option for home cooking.

2. The United States government faces a significant challenge in addressing the multitude of
complaints received from its citizens.

3. Natural disasters wreak havoc on communities, causing destruction and upheaval for
individuals and infrastructure alike.

4. The extinction of species on Earth poses a profound threat to future generations, impacting
the delicate balance of ecosystems and biodiversity.

5. Fairy tales provide numerous benefits to children, nurturing their imagination, teaching
valuable life lessons, and fostering a love for storytelling.

Topic: Children's educational programs on TV

Controlling idea: are superior to cartoons for young minds.

Topic: Racial discrimination in the workplace

Controlling idea: is a waste of human resources.

Topic: The exploration of space

Controlling idea: needlessly expends resources that could be put to better use elsewhere.

Topic: Hobbies

Controlling idea: provide people with many benefits.

Topic: Learning a foreign language

Controlling idea: is also about learning the culture of that country.

Topic: Becoming a doctor

Controlling idea: requires skills other than just medical knowledge.

Topic: The time I spent in the Peace Corps

Controlling idea: was a horrendous experience.

Topic: Driving in Korea

Controlling idea: presents foreign drivers with many challenges.

Topic: A computer

Controlling idea: is a must for today's college students.

Topic: Teaching children the basics of fire prevention at home

Controlling idea: is fast and easy.

1. Throughout my life, I have prioritized saving a portion of my monthly income and depositing it
into a savings account. This practice is motivated by my desire to build a substantial nest egg for
retirement. I am committed to resisting the temptation of dipping into these savings, as I am
aware that succumbing to such impulses would lead to future regrets.

2. As a child, Halloween held a special place in my heart. It was a joyous occasion where I had
the opportunity to don various costumes and venture throughout the neighborhood, collecting
candy from my neighbors. Despite the abundance of treats, I never fell ill from consuming them
all at once. This was due to my mother's wise instruction to set aside most of the candy and
enjoy it in small portions each day. By following this approach, I was able to prolong the
enjoyment of my Halloween stash.

3. During my high school years, I had the privilege of being a member of the marching band. This
experience was truly remarkable as it granted us free access to all the football and basketball
games. While our fellow students had to pay for entry, we were fortunate to be exempt from
such expenses. However, our involvement in the marching band extended beyond the games.
We were also required to participate in various parades held by the city throughout the year.
While marching in the winter months was tolerable, the summer parades presented a challenge
due to the intense heat. Enduring these scorching conditions demanded great resilience and
determination.

1. The first dog I had after graduating from college was named Fred. He was a great dog who
loved to play ball and get a bath. However, he also had a tendency to chew my shoes and plants
when he was a puppy, which made me very angry.

2. The other day, John got a speeding ticket when he was driving through a school zone at forty-
five kilometers per hour. The speed limit was only fifteen kilometers per hour, but he didn't
realize it was the first day of school. Therefore, he wasn't paying too much attention to the
traffic sign in the middle of the road. He was very angry at the policeman because he was rude
and would not give him a break.

3. Telephones are probably one of the best and most convenient devices produced in the
twentieth century. You can call anyone, anytime from just about anywhere, especially now that
there are so many cell phones available. Moreover, telephones don't really cost that much to
buy or to use.