Introduction to Java

and object-oriented programming

 Hello World!
Let’s print “Hello World”

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 Hello World!
All you need to do is type System.out.println(“Hello World”);

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 Loops?
Make an incrementing line (i.e. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)

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 Loops?
To loop use, for(int i=0; i<10; i++) System.out.println(i+” “);

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 Let’s start learning
object-oriented

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 Object-oriented?
Code using the concept of “objects”, implementing this paradigm is called
object-oriented programming

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 Object-oriented?
Code using the concept of “objects”, implementing this paradigm is called
object-oriented programming

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 Object-oriented?
Each object has its’ own attributes and functions. A constructor is usually made
to initialize the creation of an object.

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 Implementation
1. Make classes, lots of classes!
2. Set class attributes.
3. Make a constructor!

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 Encapsulation
Encapsulation is used for information hiding.
Psstt… you don’t want your data being public! (it’s dangerous)

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 Encapsulation
There are 3 types of encapsulation:
public, protected and private

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 Encapsulation
Attributes that are public can be accessed by any class.
Attributes that are protected can only be accessed by child classes.
Attributes that are private can only be accessed by the class itself!

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 Implementation
Easy! Just add public, protected or private in front of your attribute / function
i.e. private int price;

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 Inheritance
Inheritance is used to make a child class inherit attributes of its’ parent class

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 Inheritance
Two important terms to remember for inheritance is parent and child

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 Inheritance
A child has all the attributes and functions of its parents (not the other way around)

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 Implementation
In Java inheritance can be implemented by using extends
i.e. public class Hatchback extends Car

In the example above, it means the class Hatchback is a child of the Car parent class.

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 Polymorphism
Polymorphism means “multiple forms”, essentially that is a literal
definition of polymorphism in object-oriented programming

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 Polymorphism
Polymorphism has variant implementations

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 Implementation
1. Referencing (having multiple inheritance thus making it polymorphic)
2. Virtual Methods (overriding parent class methods)

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 Oh… one more thing
overloading functions

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 Overloading Functions
Overloading functions are functions with the same name but have
different formal parameters

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 Implementation
public int a(){
This is an example of a overloading function. In
//functionstuff
this example, function a could receive two types of
}
parameters none or when an integer is passed.

public int a(int x){

Thus we can choose to implement a certain
//functionstuff
function by passing different parameters.
}

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 Study Reference
1. Tutorials Point: Java - Encapsulation
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/java_encapsulation.htm
2. Tutorials Point: Java - Inheritance
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/java_inheritance.htm
3. Tutorials Point: Java - Polymorphism
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/java_polymorphism.htm

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 and we’re done!

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