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    11 views10 pages

    Перегляд ФІНАНСУВАННЯ ДЕРЖАВНИХ I МІСЦЕ..

    Uploaded by

    N.V. Kyrychenko

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    “@INANCOHO-KPKUETHA ICT: HPOBIEMA HOPI HPAKTHKH 2021 N° 1 (36) VJIK 351.72 Jadonvxo JI. C. dokmop ekonominnu nayk, Ooyenm, npowbecop kaibedpu ny6xiunozo ynpasainna ma aduinicmpysanns Kuiécexoz0 nayionarsiozo mopeosermio-ekonominiozo ynisepcumemy, Vxpaina; e-mail: Ladonkoluda@gmail.conr; ORCID ID: 6000-0002-7699-7025 Opso6a H. C. dokmop Hayk 3 depacasnozo ynpasninns, yapasiinis nyGniuozo aduinicmpyeanns ‘ma pezionaisitol exonostixu Xapxiscoxoz0 nayiouanonozo exonomiunozo yrisepcumemy imeni Cemena Kysneys, Vxpaina; e-mail: nsorlova78@gmail.com; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0785-751x Teueaw A. O. doxmop ekonomiunux nayk, Ooyenm, sawidyear Kexpedpu nyOrinoco ynpasiinus ma aduinicmpyaanns Aoneyoxozo depocasnozo yuisepcumemy ynpasainus, Mapiynoas, Yepaina; e-mail: amachechel.ac@ gmail.com: ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4307-5574 Mipxo IL. B. kandudam nays 3 depowasnozo ynpasnins, doyenm karbedpu nyBxiunozo ynpassinns ma aduinicmpyeanns Kulscoxoeo nayionateuozo mopeasersto-exouomianozo ynisepcumemy, Ypaina; e-mail: Natatiia_mirko@ukr.net; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4884-5195 Kaxinoxo I. B. kandudam mexnisuux nay, doyeum, doyenm kaibedpu sacarntoekonomiunux ducyunain TIBH3 « Pinancoso-npacosuit koedone», Kuis, Vepaina; e-mail: kalinko_ira@ukr.net; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6937-9683 nporpecop kabedpu depacaenozo IHAHCYBAHHA JEPKABHHX I MICIEBHX FPOPPAM I TPOEKTIB B YKPAIHI TA MOJIbULL vauis. Jlocaiaxeno incrpymenrs ¢binanicyrannx zepxkanuux ra Micueeux uporpan. i npocktis 8 Yxpaini ta [onsmi (Gromxersi, rpautosi, dinancoso-Kpeantai Ta inpecruuiiiti incrpymentu). Mero crarti ¢ sianayenna Moxanpocteit suKopuctania inctpymentis (binancysanna aepxKapunx i MicuebHx mporpam ‘Ta upockris B Yxpaini i Tonbusi 18 peanisauii nanionanbHoi Ta perionansioi nyGnianoi mositaKn. Metoan qocaiKenna — nopinuaabnnii anatis anatirainux ra odiuiiimmx crarucruunux ganux Yxpaiun i Tospui wa ocnosi xsacmpixanii rpyn inetpymenrin inancyaanua jepaanuux Ta micuesux mporpam i mpoextin. Jovexzeno, wo ochosuumn incrpyMenramn (pinancysanua zepaxaBuux i MicuesHx upocKtiB ra nporpam & Yxpaini i Monsmi © Grorxetui (cyGrenuii, micueri uinsoni mporpamn) Ta rpanToRi incrpymenm (rpaurosi uporpana, mixnapoaua texniwia gouomora). Ouiuka erpykrypi postioainy Kourrin y pamkax oxpemux nporpam y Monbuti Ta Yxpaiisi aossomuta auainurn xsuoyoni oG"cxrH rpantovoro dhintancysauna B Yxpaini (ocuira, cuopr, oxopoua saopon’s Ta couianbunit saxuct) i 8 Tomsui (manypanna Tepuropiii, gopoxkubo-TpancnoprHa indpactpykrypa, posutrox Gisnecy ra innonauiii). Brsnayeno, m0 arcinpunt ¢pintancono- xpeairraum incrpymentom y kpaiax ¢ sixsHapoaui xpeaum Mirxuapoanoro Gauxy pexoucrpyxuit 1a posuitrky, Euporieiicnkoro Gauiky pexouerpykuit Ta possarrky i EuponeliceKoro innecriuiiinoro Gauky, upo mo cBiquars saranbui oGcarn Kpequris (O3HK), say¥eHHX gepxKaBaMH Bist Mixnapoanix opranisauiti, Jlocstixeno ocoGannocri possirrky ra peanisauit insecraniinnx incrpymenrin binanicysanna nepoxasuMx i MicuesMx uporpaM Ta mpoeKtis: sep>xasHo-upusaTHoro apmicpcrsa, stismuronoi stigtnnocri, Y sucHoBKaX ysaranbcHO McxaNisAM BHKOpHETAMINA incrpymenriv ¢binancysauna 6 Y«paini ra Tonbuti i sanporonosano Hanpama sMiuuenit HaNBHHX MOALIMHOCTCH Ta BIOCKONANCHIA NpoHecy (bitlaNcynaKNA JepKABNNX i MicueHHX mporpast ra npockris ais Yxpainn. 58 ISSN 2306-495 (prin); ISSN 23108770 online) FINANCIAL AND CREDIT ACTIVITIES. PROBLEMS OF THEORY AND PRACTICE 2021.91 (36) Kuowosi cavea: inctpymentu dhinancysanus, xepxaniti mporpasm i mpock ru. perionaapnuii possuTox, nep:kaBuo-npuarHe naprHepcrso. opmya: 0; pue.: 4; raGu.: 3: 6iGa.: 1 Ladonko L. Doctor of Economics, Professor of Public Management and Administration Department, Kyiv National University of Trade and Economies, Ukraine; e-mail: Ladonkoluda@gmail. com; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7699-7025 Ortova } Doctor of Science of Public Administration, Professor of Public Administration and Regional Economics, Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Ukraine; e-mail: nsorlova78@gmail.com; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0785-751x Chechel - Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Head of Public Administration and Management Department, Donetsk State University of Management, Maripol, Ukraine; e-mail: annachechel.ac@gmail.com; ORCID ID:0000-0003-4307-5574 Mirko N. Ph. D. in Public Administration, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration, Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Ukraine; e-mail: Natalita_mirko@ukr. net; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4884-5195 Kalinko I. Ph. D. in Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of General Economic Disciplines, Financial-Legal College, Kyiv, Ukraine, e-mail: kalinko_ira@ukr.net; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6937-9683 FINANCING OF PUBLIC AND LOCAL PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS IN UKRAINE AND POLAND Abstract, The article researches financing instruments of public and local programs and projects in Ukraine and Poland (budgetary, grant, financial, cvedit and investment instruments). The purpose of the article is to determine the possibilities of using financing instruments of public and local programs and projects in Ukraine aud Poland for the implementation of national and regional public policy. Research methods — comparative analysis of analytical and official statistics of Ukraine and Poland based on the classification of groups of financing instruments of public and local programs and projects. It has been proved that the main instruments for financing public and local projects and programs in Ukraine and Poland are budget (subventions, local targeted programs) and grant instruments (grant programs, intemational technical assistance). The evaluation of the distribution structure of funds within the framework of individual programs in Poland and Ukraine made it possible to allocate key objects of grant financing in Ukraine (education, sports, health and social protection) aud in Poland (territory planning, road transport infiastructure, business development and innovation). It is determined that intemational loans from the Intemational Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the European Investment Bank are an important financial and credit instrument in countries, as evidenced by the total volume of loans attracted by countries from intemational organizations. The peculiarities of development and implementation of investment instruments of financing of public and local programs and projects were studied: public-private partnership. leasing activities. The conclusions summarize mechanisms for the use of financing instruments in Ukraine and Poland and propose ways to strengthen existing capacities and improve the financing process of public and local programs and projects for Ukraine ISS 250644 (prin) 18982310770 one) 59 “@INANCOHO-KPKUETHA ICT: HPOBIEMA HOPI HPAKTHKH 2021 N° 1 (36) Keywords: fimaneing instruments, public programs and projects, regional development, public-private partnership. Formulas: 0; fig.: 4; tabl.: 3; bibl: 17. Beryn. JJepxasni ta micuesi nporpamu i mpocern ¢ 3acoGom peanisanit sepxasnoi noaitmxn, aKa HanpasaeHa Ha nigtpmNKy Ta gocarHensia cranoro posauTKy xpaitin B gonrocrpoxosiii nepcnexruei. Mokasiukn posnurky jepaaBHux Ta MicueRHX rporpam i npockrie RiqoGpaxxaroTL 2aranbunii CoujamsHo-exonomiunnii cran zepKann Ta if morennian jo cranoro posputky. B yMmorax oOMexeuocti ycix euais pecypeiz 1a HeoOxianocti sa6caneuenna GanaicoBauord ckouOMiMHOre, eKouoriuoro, couiabuoro posBitTky xepaabH crpareriauus, ‘waRaannam ypany ¢sanysenna ¢binanconnx pecypcin za peanizanil nporpam i mpockti Hapasi icuye Geais incrpymentiv dinaucyzauns, ski nazar MoxuuBicts crBopioBarH YMONH {UIA da1yeMNA inneerHuiiinOre Kanitaly, pospoGasrH mporpantn AepxaBHOrO i Micuenoro Pospirrky ra dhinancysarn ini saxon sui aceGiMMOrO nOsimMEHHA cOUiaIEHO-eKOHOMiMHIS yaon, Y¥ upoueci sukopucrauia xourris norpiGuo cbopysary waiiGiabus omrustaeuly ctpyKtypy incrpymenrin dinancynanns zepkannnx ra micuewHx nporpaM i npockrin Anais socairxens i ocranonka saniannst. OcoGunwocti ra incrpyseuri (binancysanna yepxabaux i MicueBux mporpaM Ta mpocktiB BucBiTacHO y Mpausx HayKOBUIB: Thomas Carothers [1], Rafal Cieslak [2], Mark Freeman [1], Beata Marczewska [2], Sifan Liu [3], Joseph Parilla [3], Cale Salih [1], Robert Templer [1], B. B. Benanucea [4], A. I. 'uarenxo [4], 0. A. Jerrspa [5], 0. C. 3inicuxo [4], 0. B. Kompenot [5], O. B. Kyatinis [4], H.C. Opnonoi [5], C. 1. [pnkasxa [5], A. M. Wanosaonoi [5] ta itt., y akux Zocaikero HopMaTuBHO-npaBose Tome peanisauit ra sarwepsoxeits niinboBnx nporpast Ha sepxannomy i Micnenomy pinisix, manaeHo neaoikH yuKuionyBaMa MexanisMy sepxapuNx i MicueBHX uiNbOBHX nporpaM. IIpore Heeupimenust wuraHuaM © RIRAMeHMA CHB | CHAGKHX CrOpiH RUKOPHETAN THX IH IMMLHX incrpymenrin dbinanicysanna 1epKaBHNX Ta MicueBHX Iporpam i pockTi8 & YKpaini mopipusuo ocRijIOM Kpaiti — sutentin CC Merow crarti € sianavenna Moxannocteii auxopucrana inctpyentin ¢inancyranna gepxapunx i MicuesHX nporpam ta upocktis B Yxpaini ra Tomasi uuiixom nopisisubuoro anaisy aa peanianit Hauionaamnot nyOaimot noxiruKu. Pesyanrarn gocaixaenus. Exouomisuuiii posenrox xpaiun saiexure Bia upusaruore ra aepxapnoro hinanicysanns, nia sosninnix i puytpinnix aaepen dinanconnx pecypeis. Mexauisn. (pinancysanua jepxKaBHux i sticnesHx nporpam va mipockti © cykynuicrto MerosiB i cops Buxopecrains (binanicounx pecypein sin AOCATHEMNS BHIHAYCHIX crparerisunx uinel eprKaBH 3a paxyHoK nosaGiospKeTHUX i GlosKeTHUX KOUITIB, Peanizauino aepkanuoi osituxn crasoro powursy Yxpainn na periouanuomy piaui aekiapye Jlepxasia crpareria perionansuoro possurky a 2021—2027 pon. Crpareria c OcHORHHM AOKYMeHTOM JIA KoopanHanit AepaanHol nosiTHKH B pianHX cihepax, BuKonaLHE cekropanbHHX Crpareriii posBMTKy, CuHOCTI LepxKABH, LOCArHeHHA B perioHax i TepHTOpianbHUX rpowauiax eextimuiocri sukopncraris stepaannx pecypein p inrrepecax suo Crpareriuna sera xepaasuoi periouansuoi noaitukn 20 2027 poxy moxke Gyr peasizonaua na ocnoni Tp.0x crparerimunx ui ni Kypentocnpomoxtocti perionin; hopmysann srypronanioi jepixann & ryMattirapHioMy, couiaibHOMy, ekoHOMiNHOMy, GestieKoBOMy, 1pOCTOpoBOMy, ekOsOriMHOMy BUMIpAX: pos6ysoBa eMpeKTHBHOrO GararopisneRoro BpasyRariia 6] @inancone saGemeveuns peatisayii Crparerii ayilicuocreca 3a paxynok Kourtin AepaasHoro GIOWKCTY B MCKAX GIOLKCTHUX mporpaM, AepIRABHOrO pouty periouamHoro pospurky: eyGuenuili, immux tpaucibeprin 3 aepaasuoro GiozukeTy Micuceun GiowKeram: KourTip Micucanx Giowseti; KouTia Mixnaponuux ¢isaiconux opravizauili, Mianapoauux xoHopin cexropansnot nintpumkn €C, xouria insecropin, rexnisnor onomorn macnx KoUr ianpuemers (6). 60 ISSN 2306-495 (prin); ISSN 23108770 online) FINANCIAL AND CREDIT ACTIVITIES. PROBLEMS OF THEORY AND PRACTICE 2021.91 (36) Y cnirowiit upaxtaui sxopucrowyiors inerpymentn ¢binancyBanus JepxaBnnx i MicueBnx §porpast ta npockrio, ski soxtua KnacurbixynaTn y rpyit 3a zoKepesan hianeynaui: GrosoKeri icono-Kpejuerii va inwecruuitiat inespy mewn (puc. 1) Buodncemui incmpyseumu Kourri aepasannoro Grosusery Pinancoso-xpedumni Tposax a60 opera KoMyHambuoro incmpymenmu ain OGnirauiiini nosmsn Tloxarxone crumy.nonannt Micueni rapanrii Losi cyGzenuit Kpeaurn mixnapoanux Micue®i uisoni nporpasn inancomx opranisaniis Perionastsni yroam m1010 conianbn0- Pevasinnepunii ous ekonominnoro possirKy Kpayabananur Myniumaone samonienia Mixmyninnname cninpoSitamreo —— —— IHCTPYMEHTH @IHAHCYBAHHA JEPKABHUX ‘TA MICIEBHX MIPOrPAM I TIPOCKTIB. i a es Tpanmoei inempymenmu Incecmuniitui inempymenmu Misxtiapoana texnisia Tepaanno-npanarne jonomora naprieperso Tpantosi nporpanit Jlisn Tpoexrn xopnoparusnot Inayerpiaasni, nayKoni coujansuoi nianonizanbuocti a TexHosoriuui nape Puc. 1. Incrpymewrs dbinaneysannst zepaxaBuix Hpusimea, Awtopenea pospotc, micnesix uporpam i npockris Biowaemii pecypen ¢ na choroaui rosoannM zekepenom dpiniancysannia eKonoMisnoro posurky. Boum (opmylorbcs sauaskH BHYTpINIHIM JKepeLAM Micra, rpomai, soBHiMHIM aokepentam. Jfo Takux incrpymcntie BiqnocaTb: npoxwx aGo opcHia KOMyHabHOro. Maiitta, noaarsi, s60pH va ini m1arexi, soxpema micueni HowarkH i 36opH (Mexanism ipinancyBanns sicyenoro posnurky), cyGrenuii, Micuesi uinboni nporpamu, MyHiuumaabue samopnenns ta in. [7] Tpioputerun sanaannawn aisnsocti aepaasuoro dboway periovamsioro poxeirky a Yepaini ¢ supisiosania perionanbumx aucupouopuili posBuTky i focarHenHa cradimBHOro: CouianbHo-exonominniore apocrannia Ha micucromy ii perionansuomy pinuax, nigrpumKa periouaiuol Kouxypenrocupomoauocri, chinpoOirunurea TepuTopiaubunx rpoMad, Toma € uiocrowo 4a nemrMHo BApoGunoT noTyKHOCTi KpainoW EC (wApoGumETBo cranonnrt 22.4 % BBI xpaitm). Hepaanunii Gower Moabuti ua 2019 pix nepexGarran 20xoan ura pinni 387.6 suipa sormx; eurrparn na pinni 416.1 mapa snorHs. ¥ Growaxcri saKateHo Mona, 3 Mpa SHOTHX Ha nporpaMy MogepHisanit apmif, noninii, noxexnoi, oxopounot ra inunx nepacanunx cayrK6 [8] Hopisniotoun oGcar zepxannoi nijerpuskn pospurky cexropis exonomixu 8 Ykpaini va Tlontunti na perionansuomy pinni, Mona 3a3naunTH, uo HaiiGinema KinEKicTh AepKaBHHX KoUTTIR 8 Yxpaini wanpanieua wa possrox aopoxuboi inppactpyxtypu Texnonoriii (39.4 %), perionansunii poannrox (19.20%), possnrox edpep oxopoum sopon’x (7.60%). Menu onyaxpuunn € raxysi poseursy 1paxenoprHot impacrpykrypH, exouoriMHOT GesneKu Ta crat0ro posnirky, couianuoro saGeaneenns. Y Tosbuni zepsanni Kourrn nepenaao cripamonani a perionasiuunit poseirox (32,30 %), exosioriuny Gesnexy i crasmii possurox (12,05 %) ra posnurox ISS 250644 (prin) 18982310770 one) 61 “@INANCOHO-KPKUETHA ICT: HPOBIEMA HOPI HPAKTHKH 2021 N° 1 (36) ocirn (9.41%) [7—8]. Cuoroani micueni uissosi nporpasn # sakopxonnili npaktani naiiGiawme kiqnosigaiors 3a pisnonanosi Micuesi crparerii (nporpasm!) possurky, ski nommpeni na periouasnsiomy pins [9] Haiinarosiumym ui exonomisnoro possurky ¢ cyGnenuit insecruuiiimux nporpam i upocktia periouaibuoro possurky, Ha Micuesuii conia ekonlomistntii ponierox, dopmynannis inpactpyktypn TepurTopiamnot rpostat Y aoxonax Gtowxcria micr oGaacHoro wwaiensa Yxpainn sactka cyOnenuiil cranoniT® 47%, y Gowacrax micr paiiouuoro savenna — 3.2%: y Glowaerax rpomaa — 45%, w oGuacHHX Giowxerax — 36 %, mo cRizturTe npo Ixmo RaxcIHBicTE UIA eKoHOMisHOrO poxRITKy. Y Moasmi uinsoni rpancdeprn salimaiore 22% nia crpyxtypy MixGionxcrHHx rpaneipepria (5). Chisminmn osnaxasn cySscnuiit ¢ ixuiii uimonnit xapaxrep i sumorn 10 saGesnencnns ckonoMisuoi espextnsuocti. Crauom ua 1 cist 2020 poxy oGear saraseuol GrowkerHol uiarpusisi, }orpaMt i npock tin coujansHo-ckonomisuioro possirky reprropiii » Yepaini cranonne 16,1 sips rpw mio y 32 pasn Gisure uporn 2014-ro. A 2018 pory Kourn cyGucnuit Gy.10 posnopisteno mias 665 repiropiatoinimn rpoMasiann (1,9 supa rpu), 2019-ro — 806 repmropiaibuMMH rponatanit (2.1 seipa rp), nponopuitino 10 naomi repmropit ta KinbKocTi cimenKoro HacenemA (puc. 2) na ginaneysanna a“ uu no Teaaian Deine Moma Meanie Gnean Runine Meneses Aenacion Mewine Foenar ewan Puc. 2. Perionansunit anais nazauns eyGnennit 2020 pix, Tue. rp 3 epakannoro GiorKery Ycpainn, Azeepero. [30]. Baranwanii oGear cyGeeuuii ua 2020 pik crauosurs 1,7 mapa rpH, 2 HHX posnoaineno Gumwxo 1,68 supa rp ua nonay 1 150 upockrin, Jlixepasm 2a poaosinom cyGuenuili ix aepaanuoro Goacty B Yxpaiti ¢ JIsnincexa, Jlyrancska i Zanopisbxa oOnacri [10] Chisue dinaneynauna npockrin, soxpesa sepes niatanns cyGuemuiti i Gosxery os micuezoro oprany aaaan (wyniuunanitery) GiowKeTosi imoro, WHPOKO sacTOcoRyIoTh iB Tlonnui (puc: 3) HaiiGimwa kinesicrs cyGnenuii 3 tepxasnoro Gowxery Tosbuni nanpantena 10 LLioncpkoro, Manonoscpkoro i BeankonouncbKoro BOCBO ACT. Hocaiwxeuns ceponeiicekoro slocaily saceisye, 0 MicueBi oprann waann ec caMOJOCTaTHiMH Hi HloBnicTio (binancono HexVIEHMMM, UO KOMMeHCYCTBCA Yepes ‘KULy4EHH AoaTKoRNX ¢pinanconx pecypcin i+ HauionamsHoro (

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