NAME OF PROGRAMME: BSC (PCM/PSM)

FIFTH SEMESTER / YEAR: THIRD

SUBJECT NAME:CLASSICAL & STATISTICAL MECHANICS, SUBJECT CODE: BSPH-351
Some Important Guidelines for the Question Bank Setter:
1. Question bank must cover: Course (subject) Learning Outcomes (CLOs) and bloom's taxonomy
(L1 : Remember, L2 : Understand, L3 : Apply, L4 : Analyse) details in this regard are attached with
the mail.
2. The question bank should be prepared in the given format would also be attached.
3. Each question and parts of the questions should be written in clear language. Also break the questions
relatively in shorter sentences if they contain brief information.
4. Repetition of a question is not allowed.
5. The file should be sent in MS-Word format.
6. The font size of the content should be Arial (font size 12) for English & Kruti Dev 010 (font size 14) for
Hindi.
7. Wherever the question papers have been prepared in both Hindi and English languages, the Hindi
version of the question should be written immediately after English version of each question.
8. In case of MBA Course, Section-C must contain Case studies (one case study per unit or
numerical type questions as per the format).
9. If the syllabus contains more than 5 units or less than 5 units then update the format accordingly.
10. A question bank moderation committee will be formed by the Dean of the concerned college
under the supervision of the concerned department HOD. Committee will check & ensure that the
question bank is prepared according to the guidelines. After that they will make a folder according
to the Program, Branch & semester/year wise, and would ensure that all question banks are
available according to the evaluation scheme. Hods will submit all folders to the CoE Office.
SECTION-A (Very Short Answer Type Questions)
UNIT-I
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Define the scleromous constraints. L1
b) Define the rheonomous constraints. L1
c) Define the degree of freedom. L2
d) Define constraints motion. L2
e) Define configuration space. L3
f) What is constrained system? L3
g) Define generalized coordinate system. L4
h) Explain type of coordinate. L4
i) Give the two examples of constraints. L5
j) Give the basic difference of scleromous constraints and rheonomous L5
constraints.
UNIT-II

S.No. Question CO Bloom's

Taxonomy
a) What is the general form of Lagrange’s equation? L1
b) Write Lagrange’s formula for conservative system. L1
c) Write Lagrange’s formula for non conservative system. L2
d) Define cyclic co-ordinates. L2
e) Write the formula of generalized momentum. L3
f) Write the general formula of Newtonian Equation. L3
g) Give the comparison of Newtonian and Lagrangian. L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5
 UNIT-III
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Define the phase space. L1
b) Define the phase point in phase space. L1
c) Define the conservative System. L2
d) Define the non-conservative system. L2
e) Give the comparison between conservative and non- conservative L3
systems.
f) At what condition Hamiltonian H is constant of motion? L3
g) Write the equation of motion of a simple Pendulum. L4
h) Give the physical significance of Hamiltonian H. L4
i) Give the physical significance of Lagrangian. L5
j) Give the comparison of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations. L5

UNIT-IV
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Define the Central force. L1
b) Define the areal velocity. L1
c) Write the differential equation of an orbit with physical significance of L2
constant.
d) Define bound and unbound orbits L2
e) Explain closed and open orbits L3
f) Give the properties of central forces. L3
g) Explain stable and non stable orbits. L4
h) Define Kepler’s first law of planetary motion. L4
i) Define the harmonic law. L5
j) Write the Bertrand’s theorem. L5

UNIT-V
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) What is the statistical mechanics? L1
b) Define the phase space and phase points. L1
c) Explain the accessible states. L2
d) What is the priori Probability? L2
e) Explain Phase trajectory. L3
f) Explain the Macrostate of the system. L3
g) Explain the microstate of the system. L4
h) Define the thermo-dynamical probability L4
i) Define the volume element of the system. L5
j) Define the probability in statistical Mechanics. L5

UNIT-VI
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Explain the Ensemble. L1
b) Explain the Microcanonical ensemble. L1
c) What is the Grand canonical ensemble? L2
d) How to calculate Phase cells in the system. L2
e) Define the degree of freedom. L3
f) What is the formula of average energy. L3
g) Give the statistical postulates. L4
h) State Liouville’s theorem. L4
i) Define the Canonical ensemble L5
j) Give the concept of time average. L5

UNIT-VII
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Give the importance of Statistical distribution law. L1
b) Give the statistical postulate of Maxwell- Boltzmann Distribution Law. L1
c) Give the statistical postulate of Bose-Einsteins Distribution Law. L2
d) Give the statistical postulate of Fermi-Dirac Distribution Law. L2
e) Write the equation of Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution law. L3
f) Define the Boson and Fermions with examples. L3
g) Define the thermal equilibrium. L4
h) Define the statistical equilibrium. L4
i) Define the Pauli’s exclusive principle. L5
j) Give the formula of Boltzmann canonical distribution Law. L5

UNIT-VIII
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Write the formula of Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics with physical L1
Significance.
b) Write the condition of Fermi-Dirac Statistics. L1
c) Write one postulate of kinetic theory of Gas. L2
d) Write the formula of Fermi energy. L2
e) Define the Fermi energy of the system. L3
f) Define the Black body. L3
g) Give the Planck’s Radiation assumptions. L4
h) Give the difference between classical and quantum Statistics. L4
i) Give the types of quantum statistics. L5
j) Give the properties of ensemble average. L5

SECTION-B (Short Answer Type Questions)

UNIT-I
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) What are generalised co-ordinates? What is the advantage of using L1
them?
b) What do you mean by holonomic and non-holonomic comstraints? L1
c) What is meant by a configuration space? How is this concept used to L2
describe the motion of a system of particle.
d) Explain scleronomic constraints with a suitable example. L2
e) Determine the number of degrees of freedom in case of : (i) 5 L3
particles moving freely in plane. (ii) 2 particles connected by rigid rod
moving freely in a plane.
f) Explain in detail the transformation equations in transforming L3
 Cartesian coordinates into generalized coordinates.
g) (i) Determine the number of degree of freedom in case of five L4
particles moving freely in a plane. (ii) Evaluate the number of
degree of freedom in case of a particle moving on the
circumference of a circle.
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-II
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Explain Conservative and non conservative forces, with example. L1
b) Define the components of generalized force. L1
c) Derive the general form of Lagrange’s equation. L2
d) What is Lagrangian function? Explain its role in classical mechanics. L2
e) Derive an expression of Lagrangian for a conservative system. L3
f) Derive an expression of Lagrangian for a non-conservative system. L3
g) Explain how Lagrangian formulation is superior to Newtonian L4
formulation.
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-III
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Establish Hamiltonian function for linear harmonic oscillator and the L1
equation of motion for it.
b) Describe the Hamiltonian and Hamilton’s equation for an ideal spring- L1
mass arrangement.
c) Define generalized momentum and conjugate momentum L2
d) What is Hamiltonian function? Write down Hamiltonian function for a L2
conservative system.
e) Is Hamiltonian equal to the total energy of a system? L3
f) State Hamilton’s equations of motion in canonical form. L3
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-IV
S.No. Question
a) When a particle moves under a central force, prove that the angular
momentum of a particle is conserved.
b) What parameter determine the shape and size of an elliptic orbit of a
planet? Explain.
c) What is central force? Show that the motion of a particle under central
force is always confined to a single plane, if the motion of the particle
is not parallel to the force direction.
d) State and explain Bertrand’s theorem.
e) Show that angular momentum is conserved in a central force field.
f) Explain stability of orbit under central force.
g) What are stable and un-stable orbits?
h)
i)
j)
UNIT-V

S.No. Question CO Bloom's

Taxonomy
a) State and explain the principle of equal a priori probability. L1
b) Define the phase space and find volume of a unit cell. L1
c) Define the thermodynamical probability. L2
d) Explain the postulate of equal a priori probability and obtain the L2
condition of statistical equilibrium.
e) Differentiate between microstate and macrostate. How does L3
probability depend upon the number of microstate.
f) What do you understand by a priory probability and L3
thermodynamical probability of distribution.
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-VI

S.No. Question CO Bloom's

Taxonomy
a) Write notes on concept of ‘Ensemble’ with suitable example. L1
b) Discuss ensemble and its average properties. L1
c) What are the postulate of equilibrium in statistical mechanics? L2
d) Discuss the application of Boltzmann’s canonical distribution L2
law.
e) Derive the condition β1=β2 for equilibrium of two systems in L3
thermal contact.
f) Discuss the concept of entropy and derive its relation with L3
thermal probability.
g) What do you mean by canonical ensemble? For what type of L4
system is it suitable.
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-VII

S.No. Question CO Bloom's

Taxonomy
a) Two states with energy difference 4.83x10-21 Joule occur with L1
relative probability e2.Calculate the temperature. Given
k=1.38x10-23 Joule/K.
b) Write a note on basic idea of statistical Physics. L1
c) Explain with examples the difference between system and L2
ensembles.
d) Explain what do you mean by degrees of freedom of a particle. L2
e) Explain the statistical interpretation in thermodynamical law. L3
f) What do you mean by phase space? How will you divide a phase L3
space into cell.
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-VIII

S.No. Question CO Bloom's

Taxonomy
a) What is indistinguishability of particles? What role it plays in L1
quantum statistics? What are its consequences?
b) What are Bosons? Which statistics is used to study them? L1
Compare the basic postulates of M-B, B-E and F-D statistics.
c) Distinguish between Classical Statistics, Fermi Statistics and L2
Bose Einstein Statistics.
d) What is Fermi function? Give its significance. L2
e) Define Fermi energy and Fermi Temperature. Explain the L3
significance of Fermi energy.
f) Explain the need for introducing quantum statistics. L3
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

SECTION-C [Descriptive Answer Type Questions / Case Study (for MBA COURSES only)]
UNIT-I
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) (i) What are constraints? Classify the constraints with some L1
examples. (ii) Write short note on holonomic and non-holonomic
constraints.
b) What are degrees of freedom? (i) What is the effect of L1
constraints on the degrees of freedom. (ii) Determine the degree
of freedom of a particle moving on sphere.
c) Define the generalized coordinates. And explain why they are L2
called generalized coordinates.
d) Derive the relation for generalized velocity of a system of N L2
particle.
e) Explain the constraints in the following cases: (i) A particle L3
rotating along a circle. (ii) A simple pendulum executing S.H.M.
f) Show that the constraints for rigid body are holonomic and L3
scleronomic also.
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-II
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) (i) Derive Lagrangian’s equations of motion from it for L1
conservative system.
(ii) How will the result the modified for non-conservative
system?
b) Set up the Lagrangian and obtain Lagrange’s equation for a L1
simple pendulum. Deduce the formula for its time period.
c) Discuss the superiority of Lagrangian’s approach over L2
Newtonian approach.
d) Define Lagrangian of a system and give its expression in terms L2
of kinetic energy and potential energy.
e) Obtain the Lagrangian and Lagrange’s equation of motion for the L3
Simple Pendulom
f) Is the Lagrangian formulation more advantageous than the L3
Newtonian formulation? Why?
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-III
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) What is Hamiltonian function? Explain its physical significance. L1
b) Show that for a conservative system, Hamiltonian is equal to the total L1
energy of the system.
c) Show that, if the Hamiltonian is not an explicit function of time, it is L2
constant.
d) Derive Hamiltonian’s equation of motion using Legendre L2
transformation method. What is the physical significance of the
Hamiltonian.
e) What is the Hamiltonian function? And derive Hamilton’s equation of L3
motion for a conservative system of particles.
f) Derive Hamilton’s canonical equations of motion. What is the physical L3
significance of the Hamiltonian function? Obtain the Hamiltonian
equation for the compound pendulum.
g) Explain the superiority of Hamilton’s formulation over Lagrangian L4
formulation.
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-IV
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Derive the equation of motion under central force and first integrals. L1
b) Find the differential equation for an orbit. L1
c) Show that the motion of a particle under central force takes plane in a L2
plane.
d) State Bertrand’s theorem. And explain how it leads to the L2
conditions for closed bound orbits.
e) Prove that a central force is conservative force and a L3
conservative force can be espressed as negative gradient of
potential or as grad V, where V is potential energy.
f) A particle moves under a central force. Show that (i) its orbit lies L3
in a plane and (ii) the radius vector from the centre of force to
the particle sweeps area at a constant rate.
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-V
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Define and explain the terms Macrostate and Microstate with the L1
help of an example.
b) For the phase space representing a single particle of mass m in L1
a volume V, calculate the number of phase cells in energy range
0 to E, given that volume of each phase cells h3.
c) Show that the volume of phase-space corresponding to a single L2
quantum state for particles of no spin is h3, where h is Planck
constant.
d) Explain the terms position space, momentum space and phase L2
space. Obtain relation between volume in phase space and
volume in position and momentum space.
e) Obtain an expression for the number of microstate accessible to L3
a free particle confined in a box of length L.
f) Show that number of microstates in the energy range 0 to E of a L3
free particle in three dimensional phase space is: ϕ(E) =
{4πV/3h3 }(2mE)3/2.
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-VI
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) State and prove Liouville’s theorems. L1
b) Explain concept of ensemble.Differentiate between L1
microcanonical, Canonical and Grand Canonical ensembles.
c) What do you understand by thermodynamical probability? How L2
is it related with the entropy of the system? Establish the
necessary relation.
d) Derive Boltzmann’s canonical distribution law. L2
e) Deduce Boltzmann’s entropy probability relation: S= k log Ω(E), L3
Where S is entropy, Ω(E) is the number of microstate in the
energy interval between E and E+dE and k is a Boltzmann’s
 constant.
f) Write notes on the following: L3
i) Density of states
ii) Statistical ensembles
iii) Thermodynamical Probability
iv) Fundamental postulates of statistical Mechanics.
v) Statistics and Entropy.
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-VII
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) Derive Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution law and derive the L1
expression for n(E)d(E).
b) What are fermions? Write down the postulates the Fermi-Dirac L1
statistics. Derive an expression for probability distribution.
c) Evaluate the value of constant and give their L2

thermodynamic interpretation

d) What are bosons? Write down the postulates the Fermi-Dirac L2

statistics. Derive an expression for probability distribution.
e) Explain the basic postulates of B.E. Statistics. And Derive an L3
expression for probability distribution.
f) Show that when two systems are placed in thermal contact: L3
β (E) = β’ (E)= 1/kT.
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5

UNIT-VIII
S.No. Question CO Bloom's
Taxonomy
a) What are Farmians the postulate of Fermi-Dirac statistics. Derive L1
an expression for the probability distribution of particles
governed by F-D statistics.
b) Applying Fermi-Dirac distribution to an electron gas and derive L1
the distribution of energy formula among free electrons of a
conductor is : n(E)dE=?
c) What is electron gas? Starting from Fermi-Dirac distribution law, L2
derive the expression for energy distribution of free electrons in
a metal.
d) Starting from Bose-Einstein energy distribution law, derive L2
Planck’s law of black body radiation.
e) What is meant by Fermi energy of conduction L3
electrons.Calculate the value of Fermi-energy.
f) Using the expression for Fermi-Dirac distribution of energy L3
 among electrons within a metal, prove that at absolute zero, the
average Kinetic energy E= 3/5 Ef.
g) L4
h) L4
i) L5
j) L5