Tithis: The Tithi Devatas Varaha Mihira » Follow Published in Thoughts on Jyotish - 9 min read + Mar 30, 2016 Se a2 toa Narada Purana. 56.133b-135. Tithi Devata. The Dieties lording the Tithis are in order, (Si) Brahma, (S2) Agni, (53) Virinchi, ($4) Vishnu, ($5) Gauri, (S6) Ganesha, (87) Yama, (S8) Sarpa, (S9) Chandrama, (S10) Kaartikeya, (S11) Surya, (S12) Indra, (S13) Mahendra, (S14) Vaasava, (P) Naaga, (K1) Durga, (K2) Dandadhara, (K3) Shiva, (K4) Vishnu, (K5) Hari, (K6) Ravi, (K7) Kaama, (K8) Shankar, (K9) Kalaadhara, (K10) Yama, (K11) Chandrama, (K12) Vishnu, K(13) Kaama, (K14) Shiva, and (A) Pitrs. It is important to understand the deities ruling the various Tithis. The energy and vibrations of the Tithis are encoded into the lordship of the Deities. For instance Purnima is governed by Naaga, indicating some secretive side of this Tithi. Here is a brief description of Tithi Devatas- 1. Shukla-Pratipada (S1): Brahma: Brahma, along with Vishnu and Shiva, is part of the Hindu Trinity. Brahma, along with Vishnu and Shiva, is also viewed as a different form of Brahman, the ultimate formless metaphysical reality and cosmic soul in Hinduism. One among Trimurti. Creator, four faces, facing four directions, born in a lotus arising out of Vishnu’s navel, Vagiga (Lord of Speech), creator of the four Vedas from each mouth, Prajapati, Hiranyagarbha (cosmic egg). Very few temples dedicated to him exist in India; the mostwp sad famous being the Brahma Temple, Pushkar in Rajasthan. Brahma temples are found outside India, such as in Thailand at the Erawan Shrine in Bangkok. Shukla-Dvitiya (S2): Agni: Rigvedic deity of fire. Conveyor of sacrifices to the Gods. God of divine knowledge- leads man to the gods. One of the most important of the Vedic gods. Shukla-Tritiya (S3): Virinchi. Virinchi is the first Brahma born at the beginning of the known time. The lifecycle of Brahma: Brahma has a life span of 100 Brahma Varsha. Each Brahma Varsha has 360 Brahma Ahoratra. Each Brahma Ahoratra consists of 2 Kalpas, One Dina Kalpa and One Ratri Kalpa. 1 Kalpa (Dina or Ratri) equals 1000 Mahayugas. Each Mahayuga consists of 4 Yugas of 10 Padas, spanning for 4,320,000 Sidereal Solar Years. At the end of Brahma’s lifespan, he ceases to exist and giving way to a new Brahma. The present Brahma is seventh in order as six Brahmas have already passed. The names of the Brahma from the beginning of time are (ast) Virinchi, (2nd) Padmabhu, (3) Swayambhu, (4th) Parmeshthi, (5th) Surajyeshtha, (6th) Hemagarbha, (7th) Shatananda, (8th) Chaturmukha, and (9th) Hanuman. The current Brahma is Shatananda. In terms of Sidereal Solar Years, Brahma’s life = 100 * 360 * 2 * 1000 * 4,32,000 = 311.04 Trillion Years. Since 6 Brahma has already elapsed, the age of current universe is 1866.24+ Trillion years old. Age of current Brahma as on 7th April 2016 is 155.521 Trillion 's. Thus, as per the Vedic time concept, the Age of Universe as on the mentioned date is 2,021.761 Trillion years. As per modern science, the age is 13.799+0.021 billion years. Thus, the scientists are yet to reach the true starting point of even the current Brahma. This means that modern science has reached back till the beginning of the Ratri Kalpa in the agth year of Brahma. Time elapsed from that till date is 4.32 (Ratri Kalpa of 49th year) + 8.64 (Ahoratra of 50th year) + 1.97 (from beginning of Dina Kalpa of the sist year till date) = 14.93 billion years. The Ratri Kalpa is when Brahma is sleeping, and everything in the universe is dark.a a Please refer to the hypothesis of the modern science of the end of the universe in Wikipedia. Shukla-Chaturthi (S4): Vishnu: One of the Tinity in Hinduism, responsible for Sustenance, Supreme god, Svayam Bhagavan of Vaishnavism, Narayana, Hari, one among the Pancha Devata of Smarta tradition, dark complexion of water-filled clouds, four arms, depicted as pale blue being, Dasavatara, Rama avatara and Krishna avatara. Depicted with Padma in lower left hand, the Kaumodaki gada (mace) in his lower right hand, the Panchajanya shankha (conch) in his upper left hand, the Sudarshana Chakra in his upper right hand. shuklaambaradharam vishnnum shashivarnnam chaturbhujam. prasannavadanam dhyaayet sarvavighnopashaantaye.. . Shukla-Panchami (S5): Gauri: Goddess of purity, goddess Parvati, consort of lord Shiva, bright golden complexion, associated with rice and grains, fertility Goddess. Shukla-Shasti (S6): Ganesha: One of the 5 Pancha Devata of the Smarta tradition, Son of Shiva and Parvati, remover of obstacles, patron of arts and sciences. Elephant head = intellect and wisdom. God of the beginnings, invoked at the start of auspicious activities, confer blessings of learning and writing, confer Siddhis. Principle scriptures on Ganesha are the Ganesha Purana, the Mudgala Purana, and the Ganapati Atharvashirsa. Shukla-Saptami (S7): Yama: God of death, Dharmaraja, Son of Surya Deva and his consort Sanjna, the daughter of Vishvakarman. Brother of Sraddhadeva Manu, elder sister is Yami who is identical with Yamuna. Yama is said to have been the first mortal who died. By virtue of precedence, he became the ruler of the departed, and is called “Lord of the Pitrs”. In Astanga Yoga, Yama stands for Self-Restrain, Ahimsa= Compassion for all living things, Satya= Truthful, Asteya= Non-stealing, Brahmacharya= Sense control, Aparigraha= Non covetousness.8. Shukla-Ashtami (S8): Sarpa: Sarpa = Snake or Serpent, represent dual expression of good and evil, fertility symbols. Symbolise the umbilical cord, joining humans to Mother Earth, cycle of time, birth-death-rebirth, vicious creatures, highly dangerous, Sarpa Yogas caused by Papagrahas in the Kendras, dreaded Kalasarpa and Kalamrita yogas caused by the nodes, snakes symbolised by Rahu and Ketu, inhabitants of the nether world, associated with the Kundalini Chakra, also lord over Ashlesha Nakshatra. 9. Shukla-Navami (S9): Chandrama: Chandra Devata, Soma, Samaras = Divine clixir, lord of plants and vegetation, young, beautiful, fair; two-armed and having in his hands a club and a lotus; rides a chariot across the sky every night pulled by ten white horses or an antelope; connected with dew; one of the gods of fertility; presides over Somavara (Monday); father of Budha from illegitimate relationship with Gurv’s wife Tara; married to 27 Nakshatras Daksha’s daughters; represents mind, emotions, sensitivity, softness, imagination, queen and mother; governs over Karka Rasi; governs Mrgashira Nakshatra. 10. Shukla-Dasami (S10): Karttikéya: Lord Murugan, Son of Lord Shiva and Godess Parvati, raised by the 7 Krttika sisters, 6 faces, six heads represent the six Siddhis bestowed upon yogis, bestower of Siddhis, Commander-in-Chief of Deva’s army, primary deity of the Kaumaram religion, worshiped primarily in areas with Tamil influences; weapons — Vel, the Divine Spear or Lance; mounted on peacock, peacock symbolises his destruction of the ego; Kumar — forever young, married to two wives, Valli and Devasena. 11. Shukla-Ekadasi (S11): Surya: Chief of the Navagraha, depicted as riding a chariot harnessed by seven horses which representing the seven colors of the rainbow, presiding deity of Ravivara (Sunday), regarded as the Supreme Deity by Saura sect, one of the Pancha Devata of the Smartas. Surya’s sons, Shani and Yama, are responsible for the judgment of human life. Shani provides the13. 14. 15. results of one’s deeds during one’s life through appropriate punishments and rewards while Yama grants the results of one’s deeds after death. Shukla-Dvadasi (S12): Indra: Leader of the Devas, lord of Svargaloka, devata of rain and thunderstorms, wields a lightning thunderbolt known as vajra, rides on a white elephant known as Airavata. Son of Dyaus and the goddess Savasi. Home situated in Mount Meru in the heavens. Celebrated as a demiurge who pushes up the sky, releases Ushas (dawn) from the Vala cave, and slays Vrtra; brash and amorous character at times. Also called Sakra- powerful one, Vrsan- mighty, Vrtrahan- slayer of Vrtra, Meghavahana- he whose cloud is vehicle, Devaraja — king of the devatas, Surendra — chief of deities, Svargapati- the lord of Svargaloka, Vajrapani- wielding Vajra in his hand, Vasava- lord of Vasus. Indra seduced Ahalya, Gautama Maharishi’s wife, hence cursed by him to have 1000 yonis all over his body. The curse was later turned into 1000 eyes, indicating enlightenment. Indira stands for Indriya, which pulls one towards enjoyment. One who is able to control his senses, gets enlightenment. Shukla-Trayodashi (S13): Mahendra: Maha= High + Indra = chief of the devatas. Another name of Indira. Shukla-Chaturdashi (S14): Vaasava: Another name of Indra. Indra is called Vasava for multiple reasons. (1) He is the king of the gods, hence he is also the lord of the Vasus. (2) After his famous defeat of Vritrasura, he was considered the vasu or treasure of the gods. Purnima (S15): Naaga: Naagas are the divine serpents having hoods. The inhabitants of Bharatavarsha have been worshipping the Naagas from time immemorial. The Naagas are specifically worshipped on Naagapanchami. It is usually celebrated on Panchami of Shraavana masa. Bhavishyat Purana mentions 12 naagas (1) Ananta, (2) Vasuki, (3) Shankha, (4) Mahapadma, (5) Kambal, (6) Karkotaka, (7) Ashvatar, (8) Dhrtaraashtra, (9) Shankhapal, (10)16. 17. 18. 20. Kaliya, (11) Takshak and (12) Pingala. More details on the nagas can be found here. Krsna-Pratipada (K1): Durga: Durga = Invincible. Principle form in Hinduism, Devi, Shakti. Mahashakti, both with form and formless; root cause of creation, preservation and annihilation. Manifested herself from Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva and other Devatas, for slaying of Mahisasura, who was almost invincible. She is pure Shakti (power, energy, effulgence), having manifested herself within the gods so that she may fulfil the tasks of the universe via them. Krsna-Dvitiya (K2): Dandadhara: Another name of Yama, as the beholder of Justice, the giver of punishment based on the Karma. Krsna-Tritiya (K3): Shiva: “The Auspicious One”. Mahadeva = “Great God”. Anant, one who is neither found born nor found dead. Parabrahman or the supreme goal in the Shaiva path. One of the five primary forms of God in the Smarta Tradition. Among the Trinity, Brama, Vishnu and Mahesvara, he is responsible for annihilation (Pralaya). At the highest level, Shiva is regarded as limitless, transcendent, unchanging and formless. Omniscient Yogi who lives an ascetic life on Mount Kailash. As a householder, with wife Parvati and two children, Ganesha and Kartikeya. Patron god of yoga and arts. The iconographical attributes of Shiva are the third eye on his forehead, the snake Vasuki around his neck, the adorning crescent moon, the holy river Ganga flowing from his matted hair. He is adorned with Trishula and Damaru. Trishula = Power to destroy evil. Derma = Heart beat of the Universe. Worshiped in the form of Shivalinga. . Krsna-Chaturthi (K4): Vishnu. Refer to #4. Krsna-Panchami (K5): Hari. Hari in Sanskrit means a Lion. Hari is from root verb hr which means "to grab, seize, steal”. In Vaishnava tradition, it means "to take away or remove evil or sin”. The form of Vishnu meaning "he who destroys samsara”, which is the entanglement in the cycle of birth and2 22. 23. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. death, along with ignorance, its cause. In this context Shiva is known as Hara, meaning, “seizer” or “destroyer”. Thi is used in mantra “Harer nama harer nama harer namaiva kevalam. kalau nasty eva nasty eva nasty eva gatir anyatha.” This means, “In this age of Kali, the only means of deliverance is the chanting of the holy name of the Lord. There is no other way. There is no other way. There is no other way.” . Krsna-Shasti (K6): Ravi. Another name of Surya. The specific meaning of the term Ravi is not clear. This should mean a specific aspect of Surya. Refer to #11. Krsna-Saptami (K7): Kaama: Kaama = Kamadeva. Kama = longing. Kamadeva = The god of love, affection and desire. Also know Mara, Manmatha (churner of hearts), Atanu (one without a body), Ragavrinta (stalk of passion), Ananga (incorporeal), Kandarpa (inflamer even of a god), Madan (intoxicating), Manasija (born of mind), Ratikanta (lord of Rati), Pushpavan (endowed with flowers), Pushpadhanva, Kusumashara (one with arrow of flowers). Kamadeva is the son of the Hindu goddess Sri. Pradyumna, Krishna’s son, is considered to be an incarnation of Kamadeva. Krsna-Ashtami (K8): Shankara: Another name of Shiva. Krsna-Navami (Kg): Kalaadhara: One of the names of 1000 names of Shiva. Meaning one who is Possessing Arts. Shiva in the form of giver of all the art forms. Krsna-Dasami (K10): Yama: Refer to #7. Krsna-Ekadasi (K11): Chandrama: Refer to #9. Krsna-Dvadasi (K12): Vishnu: Refer to #4. Krsna-Trayodashi (K13): Kaama: Refer to #22. Krsna-Chaturdashi (K14): Shiva: Refer to #18.30. Amavashya (K15): Pitrs: Good accounts of the Pitrs can be found in Vayu Purana, Brahmanda Purana, Matsya Purana, Padma Purana and Harivamsha. To major classes of Pitrs = Deva Pitrs and the Manushya Pitrs. There are 7 classes of the devah pitarah (divine Pitrs), 3 of them are amurtayah (incorporeal) while the other 4 are samurtayah (corporeal). The 3 amurtayah Pitrs orders are Vairajas, Agnishvattas and Barhishadas. The 4 samurtayah orders are Somapas, Havishmanas, Ajyapas and Sukalins (or Manasas). Each of the Divine Pitrs has a manasi kanya (mind-born daughter). Mena, the wife of Mount Himavat is the daughter of the Vairajas. Acchoda, the river is the daughter of the Agnishvattas. Pivari, the wife of the sage Suka is the daughter of the Barhishadas. Narmada, the river is the daughter of the Somapas. Yashoda is the daughter of the Havishmana, the wife of Vishvamahat and the mother of Dilipa. Viraja, the wife of king Nahusha is the daughter of the Ajyapas and Go or Ekshringa, the wife of the sage Shukra is the daughter of the Manasas. The Prajapatis: At the beginning Lord Brahma manifested 10 sons, called the Prajapatis to create and operate the world. They are the original Pitris as all creation originated from them. The 10 mind born sons or the Manasa Putra of lord Brahma are (1) Marichi, (2) Atri, (3) Angiras, (4) Pulastya, (5) Pulaha, (6) Kratu, (7) Daksha, (8) Vasishtha, (9) Bhrigu and (10) Narada.