Rectangular tank sizing Calculation

Objectives

- To calculate the thickness of tank plates

- To determine the size of stiffening frame for tank
- To determine dry and test weights

Assumptions

- Specific gravity of liquid is 1

- Acceleration due to gravity is 9.81 m/s2
- Density of steel is 7850 kg/m3
- Minimum Distance between stiffeners = 1.05m

References

1. UL-142, Steel Aboveground Tanks for flammable and combustible liquids,

Underwriters Laboratories Inc.
2 Eugene F. Megyesy, Pressure Vessels Handbook, Pressure Vessels
Publishing Inc.
3 Corus Construction and IndustrialStructural Sections to BS 4: Part 1:1993
& BS EN 10056:1999
4 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section II subpart D
5 Trauvay and Cauvin (2001), Piping Equipment
6 Young, W. C. & Budynas, R. G. (2002) Roark's Formulas for Stress and Strain
7th ed., McGraw-Hill. 2002
7 ASME B31.10M - 2000: Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
8 ASME B.16.5 - 2009: Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

Notes

1 A total of 10 Stiffeners were used based on a spacing of 1.05 m on the long

sides (3 stiffeners on each longer side; and 2 stiffeners on each shorter side)
2 Sump Pump weight was not included in calculations
3 Weights are calculated weights. Final weights to be advised by vendor
Weight calulation does not include weir.

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Definition of Terms

-a Length of top plate

-b Width of top plate

- CA Corossion Allowance

-E Modulus of Elasticity

-g Gravitational acceleration

-H Height of tank

- Imin Minimum Moment of inertia of top edge stiffening

-L Length of tank

-l Spacing between vertical stiffeners

- lb Spacing of bottom plate support

-R Reaction at top edge

-r Radius of contact of heaviest dead weight on top tank

-S Allowable stress of tank material

-t Required thickness

- ta Selected thickness

-w Load

-W Heaviest Dead weight on top plate

- Zmin Minimum Section Modulus of vertical stiffener

-α Factor Depending on ratio of Length to Width of top plate a/b

-β Factor Depending on ratio of Height to Length H/L

ρp Density of tank material

ρ Density of liquid in tank

ν Poisson ratio of tank material

CSA Cross-Sectional Area

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Page 8 of 66
Equipment Tag No. ABH 8000 Project No. 1216 No. of equipments

1 DESIGN DATA

Tank Material SA-516 Gr. 60

Modulus of Elasticity E = 203.4E+09 N/m2
Allowable Stress S = 117.9E+06 N/m2
Density of tank material ρp = 7850 kg/m3
Tank Dimensions:
Length L = 2 m
Width W = 2 m
Height H = 2 m
Type of Liquid Water
Specific Gravity = 2
Density of liquid ρ = 2000 kg/m3
Acceleration due to gravity g 9.81 m/s2
No. of vertical stiffeners one side = 2
Maximum Distance between Stiffners l = 0.6666666667 m
Corrosion Allowance CA = 0 mm
Height/length ratio (H/L) = 1.0000
Factor for H/L β = 0.16 (See Appendix)

2 SIDE PLATE THICKNESS

 gH
Required Plate Thickness t  l = 0.0048649208 m
S
= 4.87 mm

Thickness + Corossion Allowance = 4.87 mm

Selected Plate thickness ts = 8 mm

3 LOAD
gH 2
w = 39240 N/m
2
= 39.24 N/mm

4 VERTICAL STIFFENING
Minimum Section Modulus

0.1284 Hlw
Z min  = 56.979 cm3
S
An equal angle L-section of dimensions
150 x 150 x 15 (section modulus = 24.6 cm3)
frame is satisfactory for vertical stiffening

Total no. of vertical stiffeners = 3 (Note 1)

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5 TOP EDGE STIFFENING

Reaction at top edge R  0 .3 w = 11.77 N/mm

Minimum required moment of inertia for top edge stiffening:

RL 4
I min  = #DIV/0! mm4
192 Et a

= #DIV/0! cm4
90 x 90 x 8 (moment of inertia = 104 cm4)
frame is satisfactory for vertical stiffening

BOTTOM PLATE SUPPORT SPACING

using a minimum plate thickness of 4.87 mm calculated for side plates above,
the maximum spacing of bottom plate supports:
S
lb  1.254t = 0.334 m
gH

6 TOP PLATE THICKNESS

Dimensions of top plate

Length a = 0 m
Width b = 0 m
Constant based on length to width ratio a/b
a/b = #DIV/0!
α = -0.238000 (See Appendix)
Poisson's ration 0.3

Total dead weight on tank top plate = 325.69 kg (Note 2)

= 3195.0 N
Sum of Radii of load contacts with top plate
r = 1475 mm

Total Stress due to dead load on 4.57mm required plate thickness

3W 
 2 
1    ln 2b    = Err:502 N/m2
2t  r 
This Stress value is ### S( 117.9E+06 N/m2)
therefore required thickness for side plates is Err:502

Selected thickness = 8 mm

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7 WEIGHT CALCULATIONS

a Weight of Tank Plates

(Surface area of tank * tank thickness * Density of tank material)
i- Side plates
 2t p ( LH  WH ) = 1004.8
ii- Bottom Plate kg
 LWt s  p = 251.2
iii- Top Plate
 abt  s p
= 0

Total weight of tank plates = 1256

b Weight of Stiffeners
Weight of one vertical stiffener
(CSA*Length*density of stiffener) = 70.65 kg
Total Weight of vertical Stiffeners = 211.95 kg

Weight of top edge stiffening

(CSA*Length*density of stiffener) = 90.432 kg

Total weight of stiffeners = 302.382 kg

c Weights of nozzles
7 Nos. 2" nozzles @ 3.63 kg/Nozzle = 25.41 kg
2 Nos. 4" nozzles @ 9.53 kg/Nozzle = 19.06 kg
2 Nos. 24" Manways @ 140.61 kg/MW = 281.22 kg

Total weight of nozzles = 325.69 kg

d Total Empty weight of tank

(Weights of tank plates+Stiffners+nozzles) = 1884.072 kg

Weight of water to fill tank

(Volume of tank * density of water) = 8000 kg

e. Operating Weight
(Empty weight of tank + Weight of water at NLL)
NLL = 1.06 m
Weight of water at NLL = 8480 kg/m3
Total Operating Weight = 10364.072

f. Weight of tank filled with water

(Empty weight of tank + Weight of water) = 9884.072 kg

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 TANK SKETCH

Top Plate
4.4m x 3.2m

150mm

15mm
150mm

Vertical Stiffener Cross-Section

200mm

16mm
200mm

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 200mm

Top-Edge stiffening Cross-Section

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equipments 1

See Appendix)

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e plates above,

See Appendix)

(Note 2)

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m
2.4

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Summary of Results

Tank
-- material SA-516 Gr. 60

Thickness
-- of plates
Sides = 8 mm
Bottom = 8 mm
Top = 8 mm

Number
-- of vertical stiffeners = 10

Stiffener
-- configuration Equal leg (L section)
Stiffener Cross-section Dimensions
Vertical = 150mm x 150mm x 15mm
Top edge = 200mm x 200mm x 16mm

Dry
-- weight of tank = 1884.072 kg

Operating
-- weight of tank = 10364.072 kg

Weight
-- of tank filled with water = 9884.072 kg

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APPENDIX

Values for factors used

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
H/L or
Ratio H/l 0.25 0.286 0.333 0.4 0.5 0.667 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

Constant β 0.024 0.031 0.041 0.056 0.08 0.116 0.16 0.26 0.34 0.38 0.43 0.47

Table 1: Values of β
Table from Ref. 3

1 2 3 4 5 6
Ratio a/b 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 ∞
Constant α -0.238 -0.078 0.011 0.053 0.068 0.067 0.067

Table 2: Values of β
Table from Ref. 8

Interpolation for β Interpolation for α

Col. No. H/L or H/l β Col. No. H/L or H/l α

7 1 0.16 1 1 -0.238
8 1.5 0.26 2 1.2 -0.078
1.0000 0.16 1 -0.238

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 13

0.49

α
-0.238
-0.078
-0.238

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 TANK CALCULATION SHEET

I. DESIGN PARAMETERS:

- Code Design : API 650 & Roark's Formulas

- Design pressure Pd : Full water + 5 kPag
= 24.62 kPa
- Design temperature : 60 oC / AMB
- Operating pressure : ATM
- Operating temperature : 27 oC
- Corrosion Allowance C.A : 0 mm
- Liquid Specific Gravity : 1.00
- Joint Efficiency : 0.85 (For Shell)
: 1.00 (For Roof & Bottom)
- Elastic Modulus E : 2.9*E+7 psi
= 199947962 kPa

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION: :
- Shell, Roof & Bottom : SS 316L
- Allowable Stress Sa : 16700 psi
= 115142 kPa
- Nozzle Neck : A 182 F 316L
- Flange : A 182 F 316L
- Pipe Fittings : A 312 TP 316L
- Bolts & Nuts : A 193 Gr B8M / A 194 Gr 8M
- Stiffeners : SS 316L

TANK GEOMETRY:
- Height H: 2000 mm
- Length L: 2000 mm
- Width W: 2000 mm
Height (H)

Width (W)
II. DESIGN
II.1 Side Wall Plate Calculation (Height x Length)
II.1.1 Wall Thickness Calculation
(As per Roark's Formulas 7Th Ed, Table 11.4 Case 1a)

b b b b

a
Height (H)

a
a
a

Length (L) Stiffeners

Vertical length without reinforced a: 667 mm

Horizontal length without reinforced b: 667 mm
Ratio, a/b : 1.00
α = 0.044
β = 0.2870
Required thickness
tr = Sqrt(β*Pd*b2)/Sa) + C.A = 5.22 mm
Adopted thickness ta : 7.00 mm
Maximum deflection
Ymax = α*Pd*b4/(E*ta3) = 3.15 mm
Ymax < 1/2 ta
3,15mm < 3,5mm
Therefore, adopted thickness is satisfactory

II.1.2 Top Edge Stiffener

R1 = 0.03*Pd*a = 0.49 kN/m

R2 = 0.32*Pd*a = 5.25 kN/m

Moment inertia required:

 Jmin = R1*b4/(192*E*ta)
Moment inertia of used stiffener (angle 65x65x6):
Jx = Jy
Therefore, Top edge stiffener is satisfactory
= 361.94 mm4
= 0.0362 cm4
= 29.4 cm4

II.1.3 Horizontal Stiffener

Moment inertia required:
Jmin = R2*b4/(192*E*ta) = 3860.69 mm4
= 0.3861 cm4
Moment inertia of used stiffener (angle 65x65x6):
Jx = Jy = 29.4 cm4
Therefore, Horizontal stiffener is satisfactory

II.1.4 Vertical Stiffener

Maximum bending moment at Hy = 0.5773*amax = 384.87 mm

Maximum bending moment:

Mmax = 0.0641*Pd*b*Hy2 = 0.16 kNm
Required section modulus:
Zr = Mmax/Sa = 1.35E-06 mm3
= 1.35 cm3
Section modulus of used stiffener (angle 65x65x6):
Z = 6.26 cm3
Therefore, Vertical stiffener is satisfactory

II.2 Side Wall Plate Calculation (Height x Width)

II.2.1 Wall Thickness Calculation
(As per Roark's Formulas 7Th Ed, Table 11.4 Case 1a)

b b b b
a
a
Height (H)

a
a

Width (W) Stiffeners

Vertical length without reinforced a: 667 mm
Horizontal length without reinforced b: 667 mm
Ratio, a/b : 1.00
α = 0.044
β = 0.2870
Required thickness
tr = Sqrt(β*Pd*b2)/Sa) + C.A = 5.22 mm
Adopted thickness ta : 6.00 mm
Maximum deflection
Ymax = α*Pd*b4/(E*ta3) = 5.00 mm
Ymax < 1/2 ta
5mm < 3mm
Failed-Failed-Failed, The Tank need more stiffener

II.2.2 Top Edge Stiffener

R1 = 0.03*Pd*a = 0.49 kN/m

R2 = 0.32*Pd*a = 5.25 kN/m

Moment inertia required:

Jmin = R1*b4/(192*E*ta) = 422.26 mm4
= 0.0422 cm4
Moment inertia of used stiffener (angle 65x65x6):
Jx = Jy = 29.4 cm4
Therefore, Top edge stiffener is satisfactory

II.2.3 Horizontal Stiffener

Moment inertia required:
Jmin = R2*b4/(192*E*ta) = 4504.14 mm4
= 0.4504 cm4
Moment inertia of used stiffener (angle 65x65x6):
Jx = Jy = 29.4 cm4
Therefore, Horizontal stiffener is satisfactory

II.2.4 Vertical Stiffener

Maximum bending moment at Hy = 0.5773*amax = 384.87 mm

Maximum bending moment:

Mmax = 0.0641*Pd*b*Hy2 = 0.16 kNm
Required section modulus:
Zr = Mmax/Sa = 1.35E-06 mm3
= 1.35 cm3
Section modulus of used stiffener (angle 65x65x6):
Z = 6.26 cm3
Therefore, Vertical stiffener is satisfactory
II.3 Roof Plate Calculation

b b

a
Width (W)

a
Length (L) Stiffeners

Loads on roof plate:

- Roof area: = 4 m2
- Live load: = 1.5 kPa
- Roof weight: = 238 kg
- Roof structure weight: = 116 kg
- Roof Equipment weight: = 120 kg
- Dead load: = 1.2 kPa
Total load on roof plate: = 2.7 kPa

Distance without reinforced in width a: 2000 mm

Distance without reinforced in length b: 250 mm
Ratio, a/b : 8.00
α = 0.142
β = 0.7480
Required thickness:
tr = Sqrt(β*Pd*b2)/Sa) + C.A = 1.04 mm
Adopted thickness ta : 6.00 mm
Maximum deflection:
Ymax = α*Pd*b4/(E*ta3) = 0.03 mm
Ymax < 1/2 ta
0,03mm < 3mm
Therefore, adopted thickness is satisfactory

II.4 Bottom Plate Calculation

b b b b
a
Width (W)

a
a
a

Length (L) Stiffeners

 a
Length (L) Stiffeners

Distance without reinforced in width a: 1000 mm

Distance without reinforced in length b: 222 mm
Ratio, a/b : 4.50
α = 0.141
β = 0.7440
Required thickness:
tr = Sqrt(β*Pd*b2)/Sa) + C.A = 2.80 mm
Adopted thickness ta : 6.00 mm
Maximum deflection:
Ymax = α*Pd*b4/(E*ta3) = 0.20 mm
Ymax < 1/2 ta
0,2mm < 3mm
Therefore, adopted thickness is satisfactory
For Roof & Bottom)

retangular
APPENDIX

Values for factors used

Ratio a/b
Constant β

Table 1:

Ratio a/b
Constant α

Table 2:
APPENDIX

Values for factors used

Ratio a/b
Constant β

Table 1:
Ratio a/b
Constant α

Table 2:
APPENDIX

Values for factors used

Ratio a/b
Constant β

Table 1:

Ratio a/b
Constant α

Table 2:

APPENDIX

Values for factors used

Ratio a/b
Constant β

Table 1:

Ratio a/b
Constant α

Table 2:
factors used

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 3 4
0.2874 0.3762 0.453 0.5172 0.5688 0.6102 0.7134 0.741

Values of β
Table from Ref. 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 3 4
0.0444 0.0616 0.077 0.0906 0.1017 0.111 0.1335 0.14

Values of β
Table from Ref. 8
 Interpolation for β

Col. No. H/L or H/l β Col. No.

1 1 0.2874 1
2 1.2 0.3762 2
1.00 0.2870

factors used

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 3 4
0.2874 0.3762 0.453 0.5172 0.5688 0.6102 0.7134 0.741

Values of β
Table from Ref. 3
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 3 4
0.0444 0.0616 0.077 0.0906 0.1017 0.111 0.1335 0.14

Values of β
Table from Ref. 8

Interpolation for β

Col. No. H/L or H/l β Col. No.

1 1 0.2874 1
2 1.2 0.3762 2
1.00 0.2870
factors used

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 3 4
0.2874 0.3762 0.453 0.5172 0.5688 0.6102 0.7134 0.741

Values of β
Table from Ref. 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 3 4
0.0444 0.0616 0.077 0.0906 0.1017 0.111 0.1335 0.14

Values of β
Table from Ref. 8

Interpolation for β

Col. No. H/L or H/l β Col. No.

9 5 0.7476 9
10 20 0.75 10
8.00 0.7480

factors used

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 3 4
 0.2874 0.3762 0.453 0.5172 0.5688 0.6102 0.7134 0.741

Values of β
Table from Ref. 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 3 4
0.0444 0.0616 0.077 0.0906 0.1017 0.111 0.1335 0.14

Values of β
Table from Ref. 8

Interpolation for β

Col. No. H/L or H/l β Col. No.

8 4 0.741 8
9 5 0.7476 9
4.50 0.7440
 9 10
5 20
0.7476 0.75

9 10 1 2 3
5 20 Ratio a/b 1 1.2 1.4
0.1417 0.1421 Constant γ 0.42 0.455 0.478
 Interpolation for α

Col. No. H/L or H/l α Col. No.

1 1 0.0444 1
2 1.2 0.0616 2
1.00 0.044

9 10
5 20
0.7476 0.75
 9 10 1 2 3
5 20 Ratio a/b 1 1.2 1.4
0.1417 0.1421 Constant γ 0.42 0.455 0.478

Interpolation for α

Col. No. H/L or H/l α Col. No.

1 1 0.0444 1
2 1.2 0.0616 2
1.00 0.044
 9 10
5 20
0.7476 0.75

9 10 1 2 3
5 20 Ratio a/b 1 1.2 1.4
0.1417 0.1421 Constant γ 0.42 0.455 0.478

Interpolation for α

Col. No. H/L or H/l α Col. No.

9 5 0.1417 9
10 20 0.1421 10
8.00 0.142

9 10
5 20
 0.7476 0.75

9 10 1 2 3
5 20 Ratio a/b 1 1.2 1.4
0.1417 0.1421 Constant γ 0.42 0.455 0.478

Interpolation for α

Col. No. H/L or H/l α Col. No.

8 4 0.14 8
9 5 0.1417 9
4.50 0.141
 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1.6 1.8 2 3 4 5 20
0.491 0.499 0.503 0.505 0.502 0.501 0.5
 Interpolation for γ

Col. No. H/L or H/l γ

1 1 0.42
2 1.2 0.455
1.00 0.420

5
0.501
 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1.6 1.8 2 3 4 5 20
0.491 0.499 0.503 0.505 0.502 0.501 0.5

Interpolation for γ

Col. No. H/L or H/l γ

1 1 0.42
2 1.2 0.455
1.00 0.420
 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1.6 1.8 2 3 4 5 20
0.491 0.499 0.503 0.505 0.502 0.501 0.5

Interpolation for γ

Col. No. H/L or H/l γ

9 5 0.501
10 20 0.5
8.00 0.501
 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1.6 1.8 2 3 4 5 20
0.491 0.499 0.503 0.505 0.502 0.501 0.5

Interpolation for γ

Col. No. H/L or H/l γ

8 4 0.502
9 5 0.501
4.50 0.502