We discover the Earth rth contains a vast amount 01 energy is released ‘or volcanic eruptions. an cause extreme The Ea f energy. Sometimes this in earthquakes These natural hazards ¢! damage. How can we prepare for a natural hazard? _— _ oe tera [100 Pe aia Fyre sles surface? Think of another rat to ask the class; Escaneado con CamScannerMY STUDY PLAN Learn | The Earth in the Solar System | + The Earth's spheres * Globes and maps |» The uses of maps Do GEO lab * Interpret scale on maps * Design an orienteering game Language makers * Arecord eruption Take action * Plan an emergency drill Check your progress (@ WORK WITH THE PHOTO + What can you see in the photo? + What damage can it cause? * Do you know what to do when a volcano erupts? Escaneado con CamScannerWhere is planet Earth? The Solar System The Earth is located in the Solar System The Sun is a giant ball of very hot gases. their own light. + There are eight planets in the Solar System lercury, Venus, Earth + Other celestial bodies varie 2 ggalteas te supiter Saturn, to the Earth, d . travel around the Sun Uranus ond Neptune. * Planets do not produce * The Sun is the star at the centre of the Solar System. and heat. It constantly emits light * They travel around the Sun in an elliptical orbit e Satellites are celestia bodies that travel around a planet. e Comets are celestial bodies with a tail. They travel around the Sun. Day and night Day and night occur because the Earth continuously spins on its axis. This movement is called rotation. Ittakes 24 hours for the Earth toss oils once on its axis. This is one day. It is daytime on the side of the Earth that faces the Sun. Itis night-time on side of the Earth does not face the Sun. The Earth is a sphere. For this reason, different parts of the Earth receive different amounts of suntight. Escaneado con CamScannerThe seasons The Earth takes 365 days, or one year, to travel around iia the Sun. This movement is called revolution. tl Seasons occur becuse the Earth's axis is tilted and it ast) always points in the same direction. So, throughout the year, different parts of the Earth are tilted toward the Sun. ray | Spring Winter * The top half of the Earth is tilted away from the Sun. * The Sun's rays reach the top half of the Earth more directly. + The Sun's rays reach | this half at an angle. * The days are short. * Itis cold. * The days are longer. * Itis warmer. 2 Summer * The top half of the Earth is am tilted towards the Sun. * The Sun's rays reach the top half of the Earth less directly. * The Sun's rays reach this half directly. * The days are shorter. Reena 7 * Itis hotter. * Itis cooler. rsd 22 @ DESCRIBE a celestial body in the Solar Moe Mutant eaatiscdst cs System. Your partner guesses it. Miers er eee kes @ EXPLAIN. What causes night and day? erie tut araut(t What causes the seasons? Citigate Escaneado con CamScannerWhat makes the Earth Word bank an active planet? uri) Pritigel The Earth is made up of four major spheres: the atmosphere (gases), the hydrosphere (water), the geosphere (rocks and minerals) and the biosphere (living things). The geosphere is made up of three main layers: the crust, the mantle and the core. EES THE BIOSPHERE e It is the part of the Earth where life exists. UE Me THE ATMOSPHERE ' . ee ate The biosphere is made up It is a mixture of gases. of many ecosystems. The crust is the thinnest, © Nitrogen is the most outer part of the abundant gas. geosphere. It is a layer © There is also oxygen, of solid rock. It sits which we need to breathe. beneath continents and oceans. Weather happens in the atmosphere. The mantle consists of the middle layers. Itis very hot. There are areas of molten rocks. Molten rocks are called magma. THE HYDROSPHERE « Itis all the Earth's water: mantis oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, clouds and groundwater, THE GEOSPHERE e Itis the interior and surface of the Earth. © Itis made up of rocks and minerals. The outer core is liquid and is extremely hot. The central part of the inner core is solid. © The continents and islands are part of the geosphere. Escaneado con CamScannerNatural hazards Natural hazards are extreme natural events that can cause severe damage or disasters. UnTeV4N-T}-fee] sats Ne) =(0) pals) An earthquake is the sudden violent shaking of the ground. We During a volcanic eruption, hot melted rock called magma is expelled through the crater of a volcano. measure the intensity of an earthquake with a seismograph. When magma flows onto the Earth's surface, it is called lava, HAZARDS OF THE ATMOSPHERE AND OF THE HYDROSPHERE Hurricanes are Floods happen Droughts are long Wildfires can be storms with when heavy rain periods of time caused by lightning, heavy rain and causes a body of — whenitrains very —_ but most are caused strong wind. water to overflow. little. Heatwaves by human activity. can start droughts. BEA °8 DESCRIBE the Earth's spheres. GQ © DRAW the Layers of the geosphere. Ta eel ael isda Mce Garr