AS 350 D, B, BA, B1 and B2

Initial Pilot Ground School

Chapter 17
Starting and Checks
 Operating Procedures (A/C Manual Chapter 4.1)

CHECKS BEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE

Determine aircraft performance limits for the expected flying conditions
Ensure that weight and C.G. limits are observed

Seats and control pedals - adjusted

Seat belts - fastened (co-pilot seat belt fastened if seat unoccupied)
Battery and Generator in circuit - switches on
Battery voltage - check (approx. 24 - 26 volts)

What lights will be illuminated on the warning-caution-advisory panel?

HYD GEN M.G.B.T. BAT HYD GEN M.G.B.T. BAT

M.G.B.P. M.G.B.P.
HORN F.FILT FUEL BAT.T HORN F.FILT FUEL BAT.T

DOORS ENG PITOT DOORS ENG PITOT BLEED V

CHIP CHIP
FIRE FIRE
CHIP CHIP ENG.P FUEL P CHIP CHIP ENG.P
ENG.P
TGB MGB TGB MGB

FUEL P light for B1, B2 versions Bleed Valve light for D, B , BA versions

If completing an EPU start, what additional light(s), if any, will be lit?

B1 & B2: Press HYD for 2 seconds to de-pressurize the yaw hydraulic
TEST accumulator in order to center the yaw pedals.

Flight Controls - freedom of travel

Cyclic pitch control stick - neutral
Collective pitch control lever - low pitch & locked
Cyclic stick friction lock - adjusted (on)
Collective lever friction lock - adjusted
Rotor brake - forward (released)
Fuel shut-off lever - lock-wired & forward
Fuel Flow Control - off
Warning-Caution-Advisory Panel - W/LT TEST (all lights illuminate)
NG differences indicator (B2 only)

TEST:
All segments of readout energized
--- Temp probe operative
Value of NG at current MTP
Ng pointer centers to zero
Tolerance of ± .2% of chart ( sec 4.2).

Bleed Valve flag - visible

Hydraulic Pressure - on (if off, HORN light will be on)

Heating system, demister, air conditioner - off
Gyroscopic instruments - on
STARTING
Boost pump(s) on - 30 seconds
Check fuel - quantity and pressure (each pump separately)
Press the start button - (check voltage ~ 18 volts - abort if <15 volts)
Increase FFCL at 10% NG - move forward ~ 1/3 of travel range
Control T4 - modulate fuel flow as required (~ 700ºC)
Check rotor - turning
Release starter between 40 - 45% NG - engine oil pressure rise
Gradually increase fuel flow at constant rate (TQ < 40%)
Check that following lights go out: ENG P, MGB P, HYD
Check aural warning - turn on Horn ~ 350 rrpm
NR pointer - in green near lower limit
FFCL - in flight gate
During engine acceleration, do not allow NR value to remain steady between 300 and 320 rpm.
When do the systems come on line (lights extinguish)?

GEN
When the terminal voltage exceeds the bus voltage by .5 V (< 50 % NG)

HYD
When the pressure in the hydraulics builds up to > 30 bars
(~ 170 rrpm, HORN light comes on simultaneously)

MGB P
When the MGB oil pressure exceeds 1 bar (warm <200 NR /cold <110 NR)

ENG P
When the engine oil pressure exceeds 1.3 bars (< 70% NG)

HORN on from 170-250 rrpm,

out from 250 to 360 rrpm (flashing in B2),
on above 360 rrpm
What should the gauges show at flight idle?

NG ~83%

T4 560 °C

TQ ~20%

NR 375 - 385 RPM

Eng. Oil Temp 37 - 70 °C

Eng. Oil Press 2.0 - 3.0 bar

Gen Voltage 28.0 ± 0.2 VDC

Caution lights remaining on at completion of start?

HORN PITOT BLEED V (in B, BA, B1)

Disconnect EPU, if used - GEN and BAT lights out

Horn and Pitot switches on - all lights out (except bleed valve in B, BA, B1)
Check electrical system voltage and current - (>26 volts, amps below red line)
Check engine oil pressure - (in green)
B1 & B2 - Boost pump checks:
Run each boost pump separately and check that
- the fuel pressure is correct (above 0.4 bar)
- the FUEL P warning light is on
Switch on/engage all necessary systems (VHF, lights, etc.)
Note 1:

In strong wind, apply a little forward cyclic and accelerate the engine, up
to approx. 320 rotor rpm, as fast as compatible with T4 limitations, then
follow normal procedure.

Note 2:

• If the starting cycle has to be aborted, return the fuel flow control to the
closed position, and switch of the fuel pump and generator.
• If the reason for aborting the start is high T4, check the battery voltage.
• If voltage is normal, crank the engine for about 15 seconds and
immediately make a second attempt to start, increasing the fuel flow
gradually (without allowing NG to drop between cranking and the second
attempt to start).
• If battery voltage falls below 15 volts during the attempt to start, it may
be impossible to obtain light-up.
 Hydraulic Accumulator Test

Purpose: to ensure accumulators are pressurized in the case of an in-flight

hydraulic failure and that the horn will sound.

Procedure: Ensure that collective is down and locked

Release cyclic friction
HYD
Press TEST button on the console

the HORN will sound and the HYD light will illuminate
(turn the horn off if desired)
Move the cyclic stick 3 times along both axes separately
(fore & aft, then side to side) on 10% of total travel (~2")
Boost should remain for the duration (no control load felt)
Yaw pedals should feel stiff
HYD
Return TEST to normal,
HORN will go out (engage Horn switch if disengaged)
HYD light light will go out
 Hydraulic Pressure Isolation Check

Purpose - To ensure isolation of the three main servos simultaneously

Procedure: Ensure that collective is down and locked

Turn off ISOLATION SWITCH on collective

HYD light illuminates (no horn)

Non-boosted forces should be felt immediately
(Check for equal loads on both axes of cyclic)
Yaw control load should be low because of load-
compensating servo in B1 & B2
(yaw pedals in B & BA feel stiff)
Restore hydraulic pressure using ISOLATION SWITCH

HORN sounds for 2-3 seconds until HYD light goes out.

[ Both hydraulic checks are to be completed after EVERY startup! ]

 Normal Procedures
• Hover altitude approx. 3 - 5 feet (below H/V curve)
• Hover taxi 3 - 5 feet at speed not to exceed brisk walk

• Take-off (normal) - Check engine and transmission monitoring

instruments. Gradually increase airspeed without increasing the
power demand (hover power) and without climbing until I.A.S. is
40 kts. (keeps A/C clear of H/V curve).

• Take-off (max performance) - Smooth but

positive power application to MTP
until clear of obstacle, then intercept
normal take-off profile.

• Climb - ISA 55-65 knots at hover power.

Above 100 ft, MCP at optimum climbing
speed of 55 kts may be assumed.

Height/Velocity Chart (partial)

Point A - Hover at 8 feet
Point B - 25 feet AGL & 40 KIAS
Enroute Speeds

Maximum cruise power - top of the green in power (NG or TQ)

Most economical - add power until bleed valve just closes, then reduce slightly
Maximum endurance - airspeed approximately 55-65 knots

Approach and Landing

Final approach speed approx. 65 knots

Maintain a constant closure rate
Transition to hover/hover taxi without excessive pitch up attitude

Engine Shutdown

Switch off all unnecessary power consumers

Reduce FFCL to 67-70% NG (ground idle), wait 30 sec for temperatures to stabilize
Boost pumps and generator, other consumer circuits - off
Shut down engine - FFCL off
Rotor brake max - 170 NR (recommend 100 NR)
B1 & B2- press HYD for 2 sec to depressurize accumulator & center yaw pedals
Battery OFF TEST
Flight Training Procedures
&

Grand Prairie Airport

Helicopter Traffic Pattern
 Flight Training Rules

• PRIMARY MISSION - SAFETY OF FLIGHT

• AEC CFI is PIC and will handle all ATC communications.
• AEC Student will handle all flying duties unless otherwise informed.
Normally, the student will start the engine(s) and shut down the
engine(s).
All other times the FFCL will be manipulated by the AEC CFI ONLY
(except in an actual emergency).
• Positive transfer of controls at any time the engine is running.
• Altitudes for hover and hover taxi…between 3 and 5 feet AGL @ brisk
walk.
• Clear all turns, climbs, and descents. SEE AND BE SEEN !
• Remain clear of the GPM runway and extended centerlines unless ATC
clearance. Expect simultaneous airplane approaches and departures
with helicopter operations.
• All touchdown maneuvers conducted in the approved landing area (sod).
• NO emergency procedures to be conducted within the fenced area.
• IF YOU ARE NOT SURE WHAT IS GOING ON… ASK !!!!!
 Helicopter Traffic Pattern - Grand Prairie
Airport North Operations
Pioneer Pkwy (Rt 303)

Shopping
Center

17

Downwind
H
1200’ MSL
100 KIAS Parking
Ramp Touch-
Hwy Water down
360 Tank
Area
Ditch

Traders
Village
RV Park
35

Base to Final 900’ MSL @ 65 KIAS

Mayfield Rd
 Helicopter Traffic Pattern - Grand Prairie
Airport South Operations
Pioneer Pkwy (Rt 303)

Shopping Base to Final 900’ MSL @ 65 KIAS

Center

17
H
Parking
Ramp Touch-
Hwy Water down
360 Tank
Area
Ditch
Downwind
1200’ MSL Traders
100 KIAS Village
RV Park
35

Mayfield Rd
AS 350 D, B, BA, B1 and B2
Initial Pilot Ground School

End of
Flight Manual Section 4
Starting and Checks