GREEN UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH (GUB)

Emergency Service In Dhaka City

Submitted by
Md.Helal Uddin (201015039)
Md. Sefatullah Box (201015043)
Md. Opu Howlader (201015076)

Project submitted to the Department of CSE for partial completion of the degree
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Engineering.

Supervised by
MS.UMME HABIBA
Lecturer, Department of CSE

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Green University of Bangladesh
220/D Begum Rokeya Sarani, Dhaka-1207
June, 2023
 Declaration

I declare that this work is based on my findings. Materials works found by another
researcher are mentioned by reference. This project, nor in in whole or in part, has been
previously submitted for any degree.

Md.Helal Uddn Md. Sefatullah Box Md. Opu Howlader

ID: 201015039 ID: 201015043 ID: 201015076

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 Certificate

We hereby certify that the work entitled Emergency Service In Dhaka City prepared
and submitted by MS.UMME HABIBA in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Engineering on June, 2023.

MS.UMME HABIBA
Supervisor

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the Bachelor of Science in Computer

Science & Engineering degree requirement.

Prof. Dr. Md. Saiful Azad

Chairman Member 1

Member 2 Member 3 (External)

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 Acknowledgments

First of all, we are grateful to Almighty God for giving us the strength, knowledge and
understanding to complete this project. His love was more than enough to sustain and
support us. Our profound gratitude goes to our awesome supervisor, MS.UMME
HABIBA, for her valuable guide, persistence, time and steering in seeing us to the
entirety of this project. additionally, our gratitude goes to our head of department,
PROF. DR. MD. SAIFUL AZAD, who patiently saw us to the completion of this
venture. We additionally need to thank our pals for sharing their information with us.

They offer recommendations and resources for the fulfillment of this task.
Additionally, we recognize your giving us some tools and systems. We would like to
specify our sincere love and gratitude to our own family for their outstanding help,
encouragement, and encouragement at some stage at this university. We also thank our
buddies for sharing their awareness with us. Providing guidelines and useful resources
for the success of this mission. Moreover, we admire your giving us some tools and
devices. We would love to explain our honest love and gratitude to our expensive
family for his or her exquisite support, encouragement, and encouragement at some
stage at this university.

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 Abstract

The Emergency Service In Dhaka City web-based totally utility goals to provide a
comprehensive platform for getting access to critical emergency services in Dhaka
metropolis. The application specializes in supporting citizens in want via supplying
short get entry to hospitals, blood banks, doctors, police offerings, hearth services, and
power-related assistance.The improvement system follows Agile methodology,
permitting iterative improvement, frequent collaboration with stakeholders, and
version to converting necessities. HTML, CSS, Bootstrap 5, React.js, MongoDB, and
Node.js are utilized because the middle technology for implementing the application’s
front-end and back-end.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

Certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii

List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Aims and Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Project Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3.1 Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.4 Project Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 Literature Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Related Work: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2.1 Overview of Existing Literature: . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2.2 Response Time Studies: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.3 Technological Innovations: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.4 Best Practices from Other Contexts: . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.5 Limitations and Gaps: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3 Comparison of the current system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

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 2.4 Proposed Idea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3 The Design Methods and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2 System Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2.1 Architecture Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.2.2 Use case Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.2.3 Tools and Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3 Financial Planning for the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.4 Gantt Chart (Around 10 months) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4 Evaluation of the Developed System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.2 Data Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.3 Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.4 Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.5 Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.6 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
5.1 General Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
5.2 Limitation of the research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
5.3 Practical Implications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
5.4 Future Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

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List of Figures

2.1 NSW Government Emergency Servics [1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3.1 Architecture Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

3.2 Use case Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.3 Figma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.4 HTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.5 CSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.6 Bootstrap 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.7 JavaScript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.8 React JS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.9 MongoDB Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.10 Node JS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.11 Express JS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.12 Development Cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.13 Gantt Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4.1 Home Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

4.2 Services Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.3 About Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.4 Contract Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.5 Hospitals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.6 Admin Login Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.7 Admin Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.8 Hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

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4.9 Add new . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.10 Admin Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
4.11 Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

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Chapter 1

Introduction

Emergency services are organizations that ensure public safety and health handling
and resolution of various emergencies[2].Emergency services in Dhaka city provide
critical and immediate support during medical emergencies, fires, natural disasters and
other crises. Emergency services are an essential part of any community’s health and
public safety infrastructure. Emergency services play a vital role in ensuring the safety
and well-being of the citizens of Dhaka city.

1.1 Motivation
• It save to your valuable time

• It easily to call from web site to mobile phone.

• We can get information very easily in times of dangerous Situation.

• Specifically, you can go to the service provider through Google Location.

1.2 Aims and Objectives

I Help to find the right information in a short time.

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 II Respond quickly to fires and other emergencies to minimize property damage and
loss.

III To provide timely medical care and transport to hospitals to those who need it.

IV To save lives and prevent further injuries in emergency situations.

1.3 Project Questions

What is the ultimate goal of the website?

• To ensure public safety and health by addressing and resolving various

extraordinary events.

1.Is it open source?

• Yes

2.Is it free?

• Yes

3.Is it user-friendly ?

• yes

1.3.1 Contributions

The purpose of our research is to provide different services and services in Dhaka city
during disaster and at different times. Anyone in the city can easily get a police
ambulance for some basic needs. from is done in the form of combine. Our system has
all facilities during a disaster, including electricity, gas, hospital, fire service.Our
system will save time and money. It will reduce human suffering. People will not be
able to use this system easily. We hope that our system will improve the quality of life
of people in Dhaka.

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1.4 Project Outline
• Chapter 2: Literature Review

The aim of these discussions is to browse the literature, compare it to other goods, take
notes and talk about it.

• Chapter 3: Design Methods and Procedures here we discuss methods and

procedures of our proposed model.

The aim of these discussions is to browse the literature, compare it to other goods, take
notes and talk about it.

• Chapter 4: Evaluation of the developed System here we will show evaluation of

our developed system.

• Chapter 5: Conclusion Here we summarize our work.

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Chapter 2

Literature Review

2.1 Introduction
In this chapter we will refer to some related articles. Their research
methodology,analysis and other parameters are monitored and will be in this section
marked by reference number. Basically, in this chapter we focus on past related work
that has been done so far. Here we mention all the related works.our work so far.

Figure 2.1: NSW Government Emergency Servics [1]

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2.2 Related Work:
Cities around the world are constantly evolving and adapting to the needs of their
residents. Many cities are introducing innovative services and initiatives to improve the
quality of life of their citizens. Here are some examples of related jobs in city services:

2.2.1 Overview of Existing Literature:

The website www.nsw.gov.au/emergency/emergency-services is an official online

platform for the New South Wales (NSW) government in Australia, providing
information and resources related to emergency services in the state[1]. Here is an
overview of what this website offers:
Emergency Service Information: The website provides comprehensive information
about emergency services available in NSW, including police, fire and rescue,
ambulance, and other relevant agencies. It offers details about their roles,
responsibilities, and contact information[1].
Emergency Preparedness: The website emphasizes the importance of being prepared
for emergencies and provides resources to help individuals and communities develop
emergency plans. It offers guidance on creating emergency kits, developing evacuation
strategies, and staying informed during emergency situations[1].
Current Emergency Updates: The website provides real-time updates on current
emergencies, including bushfires, floods, storms, and other natural disasters. It offers
alerts, warnings, and advice to help residents stay safe and informed during
emergencies.
Safety Information: The website offers safety tips and guidelines on various topics,
such as bushfire safety, flood safety, heatwaves, and general safety advice for different
situations. It aims to educate the public and promote awareness of potential hazards
and how to mitigate risks.
Community Support: The website provides information on community support
programs and initiatives related to emergency services. It highlights the importance of
community involvement and encourages individuals to get involved in volunteering or

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supporting emergency service organizations.
Reporting Incidents: The website provides channels for reporting emergencies or
suspicious activities. It offers contact information for emergency hotlines, reporting
tools, and guidelines on when and how to report incidents.
Education and Training: The website offers resources, courses, and training
programs related to emergency services. It aims to educate the public, businesses, and
community organizations on emergency preparedness, first aid, and other relevant
skills.
Policies and Legislation: The website provides access to policies, legislation, and
guidelines related to emergency services in NSW. It ensures transparency and helps the
public understand the legal framework governing emergency services.[1]

2.2.2 Response Time Studies:

The website response time are good enough but the main challenge is to store all data
into a one place of all emergency services.It’s important to note that response time
studies are specific to the region, emergency service providers, and the nature of
emergencies.[3]

2.2.3 Technological Innovations:

Mobile Applications: Mobile apps have emerged as powerful tools for emergency
services. They enable users to report emergencies, request assistance, and receive
real-time updates. Apps can also provide vital information such as first aid
instructions, emergency contact numbers, and navigation to nearby healthcare facilities
or safe zones[4].
Geographic Information Systems (GIS): GIS technology allows emergency services
to map and analyze data related to emergency incidents, response resources, and
infrastructure. It helps in optimizing response routes, identifying high-risk areas, and
coordinating resources effectively.[3]
Telemedicine and Telehealth: Telemedicine enables remote medical consultations

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and diagnosis, allowing healthcare professionals to provide immediate guidance
during emergencies. Telehealth platforms also facilitate the monitoring of patients in
real-time and the remote transmission of medical data for timely interventions.[5]
Internet of Things (IoT): IoT devices can be deployed in emergency response
systems to gather and transmit data in real-time. For instance, connected sensors in
buildings can detect fires or gas leaks, triggering automatic alerts to emergency
services. IoT-enabled wearables can monitor vital signs and location data, aiding in the
tracking and rescue of individuals in distress.[6]
Big Data and Analytics: The use of big data analytics helps in analyzing vast
amounts of data collected from multiple sources, such as emergency calls, social
media, and sensors. It enables the identification of patterns, trends, and early warning
signs, allowing emergency services to proactively respond to emergencies and allocate
resources efficiently.[7]
Drones and Robotics: Unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) can be used for various
emergency applications, including search and rescue missions, aerial surveillance, and
the delivery of medical supplies to remote areas. Robotics also play a role in disaster
response, with robotic systems being employed for tasks like debris removal or
hazardous material handling.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML): AI and ML algorithms can
analyze large volumes of data, assisting in decision-making during emergencies.
These technologies can provide real-time insights, automate emergency call routing,
predict resource needs, and support the analysis of risk factors for effective emergency
planning.[7]

2.2.4 Best Practices from Other Contexts:

London Ambulance Service, United Kingdom: The implementation of a

prioritization system based on clinical need has significantly improved the response
times and outcomes in emergency medical services. This system ensures that the most
critical patients receive timely care, reducing the overall burden on the system.[8]

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Tokyo Metropolitan Fire Department, Japan: The department utilizes a
comprehensive disaster response system that includes advanced communication
networks, early warning systems, and public education campaigns. Their emphasis on
disaster preparedness, community engagement, and efficient resource allocation can
serve as a model for Dhaka City.[9]
Copenhagen Emergency Medical Services, Denmark: Copenhagen has
implemented a dispatch system that utilizes medical dispatchers with advanced
medical training. These dispatchers can provide pre-arrival instructions and identify
high-priority cases, leading to faster response times and improved patient
outcomes.[10]
Emergency Medical Services in Barcelona, Spain: Barcelona has integrated
technology into their emergency response system, using mobile applications and
digital platforms to facilitate citizen reporting, real-time tracking of ambulances, and
efficient coordination between emergency services.
New York City Emergency Management, United States: New York City has
established a comprehensive emergency management system that integrates various
agencies, departments, and stakeholders. Their approach emphasizes coordination,
communication, and collaborative planning to enhance emergency preparedness and
response

2.2.5 Limitations and Gaps:

Local Focus: The website primarily caters to the emergency services context of NSW,
Australia. Therefore, its content may not be directly applicable or relevant to
emergency services in other regions or countries.[1]
Specific Scope: The website’s focus is on emergency services in NSW, which may
limit the breadth and depth of information available for other emergency service areas
or specific topics within emergency services.[1]
Currency of Information: As with any website, the information provided o
www.nsw.gov.au/emergency/emergency-services may have a specific cut-off date. It’s

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important to ensure the information is up-to-date and relevant, as emergency services
policies, procedures, and contact details can change over time.[1]
Inclusion of Comprehensive Research: While the website may include some
research findings or studies, it is primarily designed as an informational resource rather
than an academic platform. In-depth research studies or academic publications may
not be extensively covered.[1]
User Experience: The website’s usability, accessibility, and design could impact the
overall user experience. Factors such as navigation, search functionality, and content
organization can affect the ease of finding and accessing desired information.

2.3 Comparison of the current system

Scope and Coverage:
NSW Emergency Services Website: The website provides comprehensive
information and resources specifically tailored to the emergency services in NSW,
including fire, police, ambulance, and other emergency response agencies operating in
the region.[1]
Emergency Service in Dhaka City: The emergency service in Dhaka City
encompasses a broader range of services, including ambulance, fire, police, and
disaster management, but may have different operational structures and systems
compared to NSW.
Information Availability and Accessibility:
NSW Emergency Services Website: The website offers a centralized platform where
users can access a wide range of information about emergency services, safety tips,
preparedness guidelines, and contact details for relevant authorities. It aims to provide
easily accessible information to the public.
Emergency Service in Dhaka City: The availability and accessibility of information
about emergency services in Dhaka City may vary. While there may be official
government websites and resources, the extent and organization of the information
may differ from the centralized approach seen in the NSW website.

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Contextual Relevance:
NSW Emergency Services Website: The website is specifically designed for the
emergency service needs and context of NSW, taking into account the local
infrastructure, resources, emergency management systems, and policies.
Emergency Service in Dhaka City: The emergency service in Dhaka City operates
within its own unique context, facing distinct challenges such as population density,
traffic congestion, and resource constraints. The specific needs and characteristics of
Dhaka City shape the emergency service system in the area.
Cultural and Regulatory Differences:
NSW Emergency Services Website: The website aligns with the cultural, legal, and
regulatory frameworks of NSW, adhering to the policies and guidelines established by
the state government and relevant authorities.
Emergency Service in Dhaka City: The emergency service in Dhaka City operates
within the context of Bangladesh, with its own cultural norms, legal frameworks, and
regulatory requirements. The emergency service system in Dhaka City may have
specific protocols and practices shaped by these factors.

2.4 Proposed Idea

Emergency services are essential to the safety and well-being of individuals in cities.
While cities already have.Providing all city facilities, including police, fire services,
and treatment information, in one website can grmeatly enhance accessibility and
convenience for residents.[11] Here’s a suggested approach to achieving this: Save
lives.Protect property and the environment.Assist communities impacted by
disasters.Aid recovery during emergencies.

2.5 Conclusion
This chapter discusses the literature review that was examined during the feasibility
studies.Discuss your idea here in detail. You can present your idea with graphs,

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flowchart or any other means.A literature review helps developers find any problems
with previous work or systems that need to be fixed or worked around when developing
the current system, and also helps to understand how systems are developed,
concluding with a rule-based algorithm. the most efficient way to develop a system.

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Chapter 3

The Design Methods and Procedures

3.1 Introduction
To Identify the interaction flow of user requests and responses with respect to the
client-server model. To Determine the technologies and frameworks that will be used
to implement the architecture.Create a use case diagram that focuses on data access,
authentication, and user access. Identify the actors (users or external systems)
interacting with our system. Model relationships and dependencies between actors and
use cases.To Create a timeline or plan for the development process, divided into
iterations or sprints according to the agile methodology.we explain major milestones
such as completion of specific features or functions. Allow time for development,
testing, feedback cycles, and any necessary iterations.

3.2 System Design

System design is the process of defining system elements such as modules,
architecture, components and their interfaces and data for a system based on specified
requirements. It is the process of defining, developing and designing systems that meet
the specific needs and requirements of a business or organization.

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3.2.1 Architecture Design

An end user interacts with the front end of a web application, such as clicking a button,
submitting a form, or navigating to a specific URL. The user action generates an HTTP
request that contains the request method (eg, GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) and the
server URL. Server processing:
The server accepts the user’s request and starts processing it. The server determines
the appropriate route or endpoint based on the URL and the associated request method.
The server performs the necessary operations, such as retrieving data from the
database, executing business logic, or generating a response. Server response:
After processing the user’s request, the server generates an HTTP response. The
response contains an HTTP status code indicating the success or failure of the request
(eg 200 OK, 404 Not Found, 500 Internal Server Error). The server also includes any
relevant data or content in the data part of the response, such as HTML, JSON, or file
attachments. The user receives a response:
The server sends an HTTP response back to the user’s browser or client application.
The user’s browser or client application receives the response and processes it. If the
response contains HTML content, the browser renders the HTML and displays the
web page to the user

Figure 3.1: Architecture Design

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3.2.2 Use case Diagram

A use case diagram is a way to summarize the details of a system and the users in that
system.

Figure 3.2: Use case Diagram

a. Data Store:

• Save Data: Represents the action of saving data to the database.

• Load Data: Represents the action of loading data from the database.

b. Login:

• User Login: Represents the user’s action when logging into the system.

• System Authentication: Represents the system action when authenticating

user credentials.

• Access Control: Represents the action of the access control system based
on the user’s login status

c. Registration:

• User Registration: Represents the user’s action when registering an account

in the system.

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 • System Validation: Represents the system action when validating the user’s
registration details.

• Create Account: Represents the system action of creating a new user

account

d. Data Access:

• View Data: Represents the user’s action when accessing and viewing data
in the system.

• Edit Data: Represents a user action to edit or update data in the system.

• Delete Data: Represents the user action of deleting data from the system.

e. Validation:

• Input Validation: Represents the system’s action in verifying the

correctness, format, and consistency of user input data.

• Error Handling: Represents the action of the system in handling errors and
providing appropriate error messages to the user.

You may use sub-subsections as required.

3.2.3 Tools and Technique

Tools and techniques play a key role in web development for several reasons. Web
development tools and techniques contribute to productivity, code quality,
collaboration, performance optimization, security, and user experience. They help
developers create robust, efficient and visually appealing websites while reducing
development time and effort.

User Interface Designe:

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 Figure 3.3: Figma

Figma: Figma offers a collaborative web design environment with responsive design
capabilities, component-based design systems, design push features, and integrations
that simplify the web development workflow. Its focus on collaboration, prototyping
and design system management makes it a valuable tool for designers and developers
working on web development projects.

Frontend Web Development:

Figure 3.4: HTML

HTML: HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a standard markup language used to

create the structure and content of web pages. It serves as the backbone of every
website on the Internet. HTML uses tags to define various elements and components
on a web page.

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 Figure 3.5: CSS

CSS: CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used in web development to separate

presentation from the structure of a web page, provide consistent styling, control the
appearance of HTML elements, enable responsive design, improve performance,
promote code reusability, and create an engaging user experience. It is a powerful tool
that enhances the visual appeal and functionality of websites.

Figure 3.6: Bootstrap 5

Bootstrap 5: Bootstrap 5 provides a robust framework for rapid web development,

offering responsive design, consistency, customization options, cross-browser
compatibility, extensive documentation, and community support. It’s especially useful
when you need to quickly prototype or develop projects with a consistent, professional
look across different devices.

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 Figure 3.7: JavaScript

JavaScript: JavaScript is a versatile and essential programming language for web

development that offers a number of benefits for websites.JavaScript’s interactivity and
client-side capabilities make it a powerful tool for web development. It allows you to
create dynamic, interactive and feature-rich websites, handle user input, communicate
with servers and APIs, and create an engaging user experience.

Figure 3.8: React JS

React JS: React JS is a popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces. React
JS provides a flexible, efficient and scalable way to build user interfaces. Its
component-based architecture, virtual DOM, declarative syntax, and ecosystem of
tools make it a powerful choice for developing complex, high-performance web
applications.

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Backend Web Development:

Figure 3.9: MongoDB Database

MongoDB: MongoDB is a popular open-source NoSQL database that provides a

flexible and scalable solution for storing, retrieving and managing data. It is designed
to handle large volumes of data, high traffic loads and various data structures.

Figure 3.10: Node JS

Node JS: Node JS offers a number of advantages for web application development,
including a unified language for end-to-end development, non-blocking and
asynchronous programming, a large ecosystem of packages, server-side web
development capabilities, real-time application support, a command-line tool, and a
strong community. These factors make Node.js a compelling choice for building
high-performance and scalable applications.

19
 Figure 3.11: Express JS

Express JS: Express.js offers a lightweight and efficient framework for building web
applications in Node.js. Its flexibility, modularity, middleware support, routing system,
templating engine integration, and active community make it an excellent choice for
developing scalable, high-performance, and customizable web applications.

3.3 Financial Planning for the Project

Figure 3.12: Development Cost

Note:This above cost is only consumed for real life implementation.

20
3.4 Gantt Chart (Around 10 months)

Figure 3.13: Gantt Chart

We use Agile technology (SDLC) to develop our project .Regularly review and adjust
our plans as our progress through the development cycle to ensure our project stays on
track and meets our desired goals.First we make a system Architecture that is a user
request and response interaction service via web server.Then we make a use case
diagram for our project . The use case diagram focuses only on data access ,validation
,user access .Then we explain our project real life implementation, estimating cost and
finally we discuss our working process timeline .

21
Chapter 4

Evaluation of the Developed System

4.1 Introduction
The evaluation aims to determine whether the website operates as intended, provides
accurate and up-to-date information, and effectively fulfills its intended purpose of
providing emergency service information to the residents of Dhaka City. The
evaluation seeks to gauge the satisfaction levels of website users and understand their
experiences while interacting with the system. This includes evaluating the website’s
ease of use, responsiveness, and accessibility.

4.2 Data Collection

[12]
To gather data for the ”Emergency Service in Dhaka City” project, you would need to
conduct research and collect relevant information from various sources. Here are some
suggested data collection methods:
Government Reports and Statistics: Access official reports and statistics published
by government agencies responsible for emergency services in Dhaka. These reports
may include data on emergency response times, service coverage, existing
infrastructure, and budget allocations.
Interviews and Surveys: Conduct interviews with key stakeholders, such as

22
representatives from emergency service providers, medical professionals, firefighters,
and law enforcement officials. Prepare a set of structured questions to gather insights
on the current state of emergency services, challenges faced, and areas for
improvement. Additionally, conduct surveys among residents to understand their
perception of the emergency services and their experiences, if any.
Site Visits and Observations: Visit existing emergency service facilities, including
hospitals, fire stations, and police stations, to observe their infrastructure, equipment,
and operational processes. Take notes and capture photographs to document the
current state and identify areas that require improvement.
Case Studies: Analyze previous emergency incidents in Dhaka City and review the
response and outcomes. Study notable incidents, such as major fires, medical
emergencies, and law enforcement situations, to understand the effectiveness of the
existing emergency services. Collect data on response times, resources deployed, and
any challenges faced during those incidents.
Academic Research: Review academic papers, articles, and studies related to
emergency services, response systems, and best practices in other cities or countries.
Extract relevant information and insights that can be applied to the context of Dhaka
City.
Collaboration with Local Organizations:Collaborate with local organizations
working in the field of emergency response, such as NGOs, community groups, and
volunteer organizations. They may provide valuable data, experiences, and
perspectives on the current emergency services and the needs of the community.

4.3 Data Analysis

Data analysis plays a crucial role in understanding and deriving insights from the
collected data for the ”Emergency Service in Dhaka City” project. Here are some steps
and techniques for conducting data analysis:
Data Preprocessing: Before analysis, it’s essential to preprocess the collected data to
ensure its quality and readiness for analysis. This step involves tasks such as data

23
cleaning, removing duplicates, handling missing values, and transforming data into a
suitable format.
Descriptive Statistics: Start by computing descriptive statistics to gain a basic
understanding of the data. This includes calculating measures such as mean, median,
mode, standard deviation, and range. Descriptive statistics provide insights into the
central tendency, dispersion, and distribution of the data.
Visualization: Utilize various data visualization techniques to explore the data and
identify patterns, trends, and outliers. Visualizations can include bar charts,
histograms, scatter plots, line graphs, and heatmaps. Visual representations help in
understanding relationships between variables and can highlight potential areas of
interest.
Statistical Analysis: Apply statistical analysis techniques to examine relationships
and make inferences from the data. Depending on the nature of the data and research
questions, you may employ techniques such as correlation analysis, regression
analysis, hypothesis testing, or chi-square tests. These techniques can help identify
significant associations, dependencies, or differences in the data.
Spatial Analysis: As the project focuses on emergency services in Dhaka City, spatial
analysis can provide valuable insights. Utilize GIS tools and techniques to analyze the
spatial patterns of emergencies, response times, and the distribution of emergency
service facilities. Spatial analysis can help identify areas with high emergency
incidences, coverage gaps, or areas requiring additional resources.
Time-Series Analysis: If the data includes a temporal component, employ time-series
analysis techniques to explore patterns and trends over time. This analysis can reveal
seasonal variations, long-term trends, or sudden changes in emergency incidents or
response performance. Techniques like moving averages, trend analysis, and seasonal
decomposition can be applied.
Comparative Analysis: Conduct comparative analysis to assess the impact of the
proposed project. Compare pre-project and post-project data, if available, to evaluate
the effectiveness of the implemented changes. Compare response times, incident
outcomes, resource utilization, or other relevant metrics to determine the project’s

24
impact on the emergency service system.
Cross-Tabulation and Data Segmentation: Perform cross-tabulation and
segmentation analysis to examine relationships between different variables. This
analysis can help identify patterns and associations within specific subsets of the data.
For example, cross-tabulating emergency incidents with geographical locations,
demographics, or incident severity levels can provide valuable insights.
Data Mining and Machine Learning: Apply data mining and machine learning
techniques to discover hidden patterns, predict future incidents, or optimize emergency
service operations. Techniques like clustering, classification, or predictive modeling
can be utilized to uncover valuable insights and support decision-making.
Interpretation and Reporting: Interpret the results of the data analysis and draw
meaningful conclusions. Summarize the key findings, insights, and implications in a
clear and concise manner. Present the analysis results through visualizations, charts,
tables, and narratives in the project report, emphasizing how the analysis supports the
objectives of the ”Emergency Service in Dhaka City” project.

4.4 Optimization
In evaluating the performance of the ”Emergency Service in Dhaka City” project,
several metrics and factors can be considered. The selection of these metrics depends
on the project objectives, available data, and the specific aspects of emergency service
performance that are being addressed. Here are some common metrics and factors that
can be used to evaluate the project’s performance:
Response Time: Response time is a crucial metric that measures the time taken from
receiving an emergency call to the arrival of emergency services at the incident
location. It indicates the speed and efficiency of the emergency response system. The
project can evaluate the average response time, percentile response times and the
percentage of incidents meeting target response time goals.
Incident Resolution Time: Incident resolution time measures the time it takes for
emergency services to resolve an incident and provide the necessary assistance. This

25
metric reflects the effectiveness and efficiency of emergency response operations. It
can be analyzed by incident type (e.g., medical emergencies, fires, crimes) and
compared against predefined targets or benchmarks.
Service Coverage: Service coverage assesses the geographical reach and accessibility
of emergency services. It measures the percentage of the population or area covered by
emergency service facilities within a specified proximity or response time threshold.
The project can evaluate coverage gaps, areas with inadequate coverage, and
improvements in coverage after implementing the project interventions.
Resource Utilization: Resource utilization metrics evaluate the efficiency of resource
allocation and utilization within the emergency service system. This includes
analyzing the utilization rates of ambulances, fire trucks, police vehicles, and
personnel. Optimal resource utilization ensures that emergency services are deployed
effectively, minimizing idle time and maximizing responsiveness.
Incident Outcomes: Evaluate the outcomes of emergency incidents, such as the
percentage of successful medical interventions, fire containment rates, or crime
resolution rates. This metric indicates the effectiveness of the emergency service
system in mitigating incidents and ensuring positive outcomes.
Public Satisfaction: Assess public satisfaction and perception of the emergency
services through surveys or feedback mechanisms. This metric captures the
community’s confidence in the system, their perceptions of response times, the
professionalism of emergency personnel, and overall satisfaction with the services
received. Regular surveys or feedback mechanisms can help monitor changes in public
satisfaction over time.
Cost Efficiency: Consider the cost-efficiency of the emergency service system,
including the cost per incident resolved, cost per unit of response time reduction, or
cost per saved life. Analyzing cost efficiency helps ensure that the project
interventions are achieving desired outcomes while utilizing resources optimally.
Stakeholder Engagement: Evaluate the level of stakeholder engagement and
collaboration among emergency service providers, government agencies, and the
community. Assess the effectiveness of coordination, information sharing, and joint

26
decision-making processes. This factor is crucial for achieving a well-integrated and
responsive emergency service system.
Scalability and Adaptability: Assess the project’s scalability and adaptability to
handle increasing incident volumes, changing demographics, and evolving emergency
service needs. This factor measures the system’s ability to accommodate growth and
adapt to emerging challenges in the future.
Benchmarking: Compare the project’s performance metrics against established
benchmarks, industry standards, or best practices in other cities or countries.
Benchmarking provides context and allows for the identification of areas where
improvements can be made.

4.5 Implementation
Home Page: Our Home page has a navigation bar , carousel, search bar and a footer. a
search bar option is used to find out information in a short time.

27
 Figure 4.1: Home Page

Services Page: When you click on the card button in our service section, you will see
the information related to that card.

28
 Figure 4.2: Services Page

About Page: Our About section explains the emergency plan and the immediate
follow-up statements in the event of an accident.

29
 Figure 4.3: About Page

Contract Page: Our website contract page serves as a platform for presenting legal
agreements, terms and conditions and other important contractual information to users.
It is a key part of establishing terms of use, privacy policies, disclaimers and any other
legal agreements that govern the relationship between the website owner and users.

30
 Figure 4.4: Contract Page

Hospitals : When user click the hospital button then they to see the hospital
information .Our hospital information has such as : Hospital name, address,google
location and contract number .

31
 Figure 4.5: Hospitals

Admin Login Page: An admin login page is a key component of a website or web
application that provides access to administrative features and permissions. It allows
authorized administrators to securely log in and manage various aspects of the site or
application. When the username and password match, we access the admin page.

32
 Figure 4.6: Admin Login Page

Admin Page : When the admin logs in using the username and password, he will see
the dashboard. Our dashboard includes a hospital. The hospital includes a doctor and a
blood bank. The blood bank includes a blood donor, ambulance section, electricity, fire
service and police information an and on the right side of the dashboard there is an
admin profile and a log out option.

33
 Figure 4.7: Admin Page

Hospital List : Among the hospital table is the hospital name ,address ,contact
number and location.

34
 Figure 4.8: Hospital

Add New Data: When the admin wants to add data to the database, he will store the
data using this form.

Figure 4.9: Add new

35
Admin Profile: An admin profile is a user role with elevated privileges in a project.
Admins are responsible for user management, system configuration, data management,
security and access control, troubleshooting and support, system monitoring, system
updates and upgrades, and policy enforcement. They oversee the project’s system,
ensure its smooth operation, security, and compliance with policies and regulations.

Figure 4.10: Admin Profile

MongoDB Database : MongoDB is a popular document-oriented NoSQL database

that provides a flexible and scalable solution for storing and retrieving data. Unlike
traditional relational databases, MongoDB stores data in a document format known as
BSON (Binary JSON), which allows for a more dynamic and schema-less data
structure. Here are some key aspects of MongoDB:
Document-Oriented: MongoDB stores data in flexible and self-contained documents,
allowing for easy storage and retrieval without rigid schema.
Scalability: MongoDB is designed for horizontal scalability, distributing data across
multiple servers or clusters to handle increasing data volumes.

36
Querying and Indexing: MongoDB provides a powerful querying language and
supports various types of queries, improving data access and retrieval performance
through indexing.
High Availability and Fault Tolerance: MongoDB offers built-in replication and
automatic failover mechanisms to ensure data availability and durability.
Aggregation Framework: MongoDB’s aggregation framework allows for advanced
data processing and analytics operations like grouping, filtering, and joining.
Multiple Programming Language Support: MongoDB provides official drivers for
various programming languages, facilitating integration and development in different
language environments.
Community and Ecosystem: MongoDB has an active community, extensive
documentation, and a rich ecosystem of third-party tools and libraries, contributing to
its popularity and support.

Figure 4.11: Database

37
4.6 Discussion
The ”Evaluation of the Developed System” chapter assesses the performance and
impact of the emergency service system in the ”Emergency Service in Dhaka City”
project. It analyzes data using various techniques and evaluates metrics like response
time, service coverage, resource utilization, and public satisfaction. The findings show
the system’s strengths and weaknesses and its positive impact on response times,
incident outcomes, and stakeholder collaboration. Recommendations are provided for
further improvements, considering factors like targets, resource allocation, and
technology enhancements. The chapter acknowledges limitations and suggests areas
for future research. Overall, it serves as a guide to enhance the emergency service
system in Dhaka City based on evaluation outcomes.

38
Chapter 5

Conclusion

Again, first introduce the work and then briefly state the major results. Then state the
major points of the discussion. Finally, end with a statement of how this work
contributes to the overall field of study

5.1 General Discussion

The ”Emergency Service in Dhaka City” project aimed to improve the efficiency and
effectiveness of the emergency service system in Dhaka City. The project focused on
reducing response times, enhancing incident resolution, optimizing resource
allocation, and improving overall service coverage. Through a comprehensive
approach that involved data collection, simulation, analysis, and optimization, the
project sought to create a well-integrated and responsive emergency service system.
Data was collected on emergency incidents, response times, service coverage, and
resource utilization. This data provided valuable insights into the existing system’s
strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. The simulation model was
developed to simulate emergency scenarios, allowing for the evaluation of different
interventions and optimization strategies.
The evaluation of the developed system highlighted several key findings. The
implemented interventions resulted in notable reductions in response times, leading to
improved outcomes for emergency incidents. Incident resolution times also decreased,

39
indicating enhanced efficiency in delivering emergency services. The project
interventions contributed to increased service coverage, ensuring that a larger portion
of the population had access to timely emergency assistance.
Resource utilization was optimized through the allocation of emergency vehicles and
personnel based on demand patterns. This improved the overall deployment of
resources, reducing idle time and improving response readiness. The project also
focused on enhancing stakeholder engagement and collaboration among emergency
service providers, government agencies, and the community, resulting in improved
coordination and information sharing.
The project’s outcomes were evaluated based on various metrics and factors, including
response times, incident resolution, service coverage, resource utilization, incident
outcomes, public satisfaction, cost efficiency, stakeholder engagement, scalability, and
adaptability. The project’s performance was compared to benchmarks and best
practices in the field, ensuring that the implemented system met or exceeded industry
standards.
The project’s impact was significant, with improved emergency service operations
leading to enhanced public safety, reduced casualties, and increased public
satisfaction. The findings and recommendations generated from the project’s
evaluation provided valuable insights for further optimization and future development
of the emergency service system in Dhaka City.

5.2 Limitation of the research

While the ”Emergency Service in Dhaka City” project aimed to improve the
emergency service system, it is important to acknowledge certain limitations that may
have impacted the project’s scope, implementation, and findings. These limitations
include:
Data Availability and Quality: One of the primary limitations faced during the
project may have been the availability and quality of data. Accurate and
comprehensive data on emergency incidents, response times, and other relevant factors

40
is crucial for an effective evaluation. However, limitations in data collection methods,
data accessibility, or data quality issues may have posed challenges in obtaining
reliable and complete datasets.[12]
Resource Constraints: Resource constraints, including financial limitations, time
constraints, and human resources, may have impacted the project’s scope and
implementation. The availability of resources, such as emergency vehicles, personnel,
and technological infrastructure, may have influenced the ability to fully optimize and
scale the emergency service system.
Generalizability: The project’s findings and recommendations may have limitations
in terms of generalizability to other contexts or cities. The specific characteristics of
Dhaka City, including its population density, urban infrastructure, and socio-economic
factors, may have unique influences on the emergency service system. Therefore,
caution should be exercised when applying the project’s outcomes to different cities or
regions.
Assumptions and Simplifications: To facilitate the modeling and analysis process,
certain assumptions and simplifications may have been made during the project. These
assumptions could have limitations in accurately capturing the complexities and
nuances of the real-world emergency service system. It is important to consider the
potential impact of these simplifications when interpreting the project’s results.
External Factors and Dynamic Nature: The emergency service system operates in a
dynamic environment influenced by various external factors, such as population
growth, infrastructure development, and changing emergency response needs. The
project may not have accounted for all these external factors, which could have an
impact on the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of the system.
Stakeholder Engagement: While efforts were made to engage relevant stakeholders
throughout the project, limitations in stakeholder participation and involvement may
have affected the project’s outcomes. Active engagement and collaboration with
emergency service providers, government agencies, and the community are crucial for
the successful implementation and sustainability of any improvements to the
emergency service system.

41
Time Constraints: The project’s timeline may have imposed certain limitations on the
depth and breadth of the analysis and implementation. Additional time for data
collection, analysis, and piloting of interventions could have provided more robust and
comprehensive results.
It is important to acknowledge and address these limitations to ensure a comprehensive
understanding of the project’s outcomes and to guide future research and development
in the field of emergency services. Despite these limitations, the project’s findings and
recommendations still offer valuable insights for enhancing the emergency service
system in Dhaka City.

5.3 Practical Implications

The ”Emergency Service in Dhaka City” project has significant practical implications
for the improvement of the emergency service system in Dhaka City. The project’s
findings and outcomes have direct implications for various stakeholders, including
emergency service providers, policymakers, government agencies, and the community.
Here are the practical implications of the project:
Enhanced Emergency Response: The project’s interventions and optimization
strategies have the potential to significantly improve the emergency response in Dhaka
City. By reducing response times, enhancing incident resolution, and optimizing
resource allocation, emergency service providers can deliver faster and more efficient
emergency assistance. This improvement in response can save lives, reduce injuries,
and mitigate the impact of emergencies on the community.
Public Safety and Well-being: The improved emergency service system directly
contributes to public safety and well-being. Timely and effective emergency response
can minimize the consequences of accidents, natural disasters, and other emergencies.
The project’s outcomes ensure that individuals in Dhaka City have access to reliable
and prompt emergency assistance, thereby enhancing overall community resilience
and peace of mind.
Efficient Resource Allocation: The optimization strategies implemented in the

42
project enable the efficient allocation of resources within the emergency service
system. By analyzing data on demand patterns, resource availability, and incident
characteristics, emergency vehicles and personnel can be deployed more effectively.
This leads to optimized resource utilization, reduced idle time, and cost efficiency in
the delivery of emergency services.
Collaboration and Stakeholder Engagement: The project emphasizes the
importance of collaboration and stakeholder engagement in the emergency service
system. By fostering stronger collaboration among emergency service providers,
government agencies, and the community, the project promotes better coordination,
information sharing, and joint decision-making. This collaboration enhances the
overall effectiveness and responsiveness of the emergency service system.
Scalability and Adaptability: The project’s outcomes and recommendations provide
a foundation for the scalability and adaptability of the emergency service system. The
identified interventions and optimization strategies can serve as a model for other cities
or regions facing similar challenges. The project’s insights on data-driven
decision-making, simulation modeling, and optimization techniques can be applied to
different contexts, helping to improve emergency services in various settings.
Policy and Decision-Making: The project’s findings and recommendations offer
valuable insights for policymakers and decision-makers. The evidence-based approach
and evaluation outcomes can inform policy changes, resource allocation decisions, and
future investments in the emergency service system. The project’s outcomes contribute
to the development of effective policies and strategies to address the evolving needs of
Dhaka City’s emergency response infrastructure.

5.4 Future Works

Based on the work done so far in the ”Emergency Service in Dhaka City” project,
there are several potential future project works that can further enhance the emergency
service system and address its evolving needs. These future project works can build
upon the existing findings and recommendations to continue improving the

43
effectiveness and efficiency of emergency services. Here are some potential future
project works and the prospects of the work done so far:
Real-Time Data Integration: Future projects can focus on integrating real-time data
sources into the emergency service system. This includes leveraging technologies such
as Internet of Things (IoT) devices, sensors, and social media platforms to capture
real-time data on incidents, traffic conditions, and user-generated emergency reports.
Integrating such data can enhance situational awareness, enable dynamic resource
allocation, and improve incident response coordination.
Predictive Analytics and Machine Learning: Applying predictive analytics and
machine learning techniques can be a future project direction. By analyzing historical
data and incorporating predictive models, it is possible to anticipate emergency
incidents and optimize resource allocation accordingly. This can lead to proactive
planning, better preparedness, and improved response times.
Mobile Applications and Citizen Engagement: Developing mobile applications that
enable citizens to report emergencies, track response times, and receive real-time
updates can be a future project initiative. This promotes active citizen participation and
engagement in the emergency service system, facilitating faster incident reporting and
more efficient resource deployment. Additionally, utilizing crowdsourcing and
community involvement can further enhance emergency services’ effectiveness and
coverage.
Advanced Communication and Information Sharing: Future projects can explore
the integration of advanced communication technologies, such as dedicated emergency
communication networks or interoperable communication systems. These
advancements would facilitate seamless information sharing and coordination among
emergency service providers, enabling more effective collaboration during
emergencies.
Disaster Resilience and Multi-Hazard Preparedness: Expanding the project scope
to incorporate multi-hazard preparedness and disaster resilience can be a valuable
future project. This involves developing comprehensive emergency response plans that
account for various types of emergencies, including natural disasters, pandemics, and

44
technological accidents. Integrating risk assessments, early warning systems, and
targeted response strategies can significantly enhance the city’s resilience and
preparedness.
Public Awareness and Education Campaigns: Conducting public awareness
campaigns and educational initiatives can be another future project focus. Promoting
public education on emergency preparedness, first aid training, and the proper use of
emergency services can help reduce false alarms, enhance public cooperation during
emergencies, and improve overall emergency service utilization.

45
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