COVID 19 AND

GLOBAL
RESPONSE
Gracia Paramitha, PhD
OUTLINE
1. COVID-19 and its impact
2. Policy responses
3. Balancing between health
and economic aspect
4. Best practices and lesson
learned
5. Case Study Discussion
COVID AND ITS IMPACT
 INDONESIA AND ITS
RESPONSE TO COVID
1. started to recover gradually but unevenly across
sectors. With weak economic demand --> Limit to
monetary policy (Habir and Wardana, 2020)
2. Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policy
3. a massive fiscal stimulus package through the
National Economic Recovery (PEN) program:
Government budget of IDR 699.43 trillion
(approximately US$ 49.3 billion) in February 2021
(Kemenkeu, 2021).
4. total amount devoted to combatting COVID-19,
Indonesia ranks among the top five countries in the
Asia Pacific region (ADB 2021)
COVID POLICY RESPONSES

(Chen., et al (2021)
COVID FISCAL
POLICY RESPONSES (Chen., et al (2021)

The US, China, and Japan may lead the way in adopting large fiscal stimulus packages and
employing fiscal expansionary policies, but this does not mean other countries should follow.
Traditions, social norms, and political institutions must be considered to help set the
appropriate context for policy design and execution during the transboundary crises (Ho and
Im 2015)
 HEALTH ECONOMICS
BALANCE?
1. The impact of COVID-19 on household
finances has been severe. Almost three-quarters of households (74.3%)
interviewed in October-November 2020 said they were earning less than they were
in January 2020 (SMERU, 2021) --> 12,216 nationally representative households
across all 34 provinces in October and November 2020

2. Food insecurity for vulnerable groups: Almost one-third (30%) of respondents

were worried they could not feed their families. The proportion of households
facing moderate or severe food insecurity rose to 11.7% in 2020
(SMERU, 2021)
 HEALTH ECONOMICS
BALANCE?

Disbursements for the health and business sectors only started to accelerate in August, with the government
needing time to learn and work through the system while following tighter governance standards.
Only social security as well as Micro and SME spending went relatively well; this did not involve new or
additional bureaucracy, and so could meet realization targets (Habir & Wardana, 2020)
CASE STUDIES
1. DeepMind’s AlphaFold :
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=G7gdOPEd6mU
2. Behind the Algorithm - IBM
Watson Assistant :
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=cTSIkGX3NfI
3. AI tools for medical diagnose
technologies :
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=jZg5QhL3Ckc
 QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION

1. What are the benefits, pros and cons using that AI

technology?
2. Why global health has to do with that AI technology?
3. How critical does every country have to use that
technology? Give an example or analytical argument on
this
4. What are the lesson learned of using this AI technology
as its best practice to be developed?