Professional Documents
Culture Documents
4. A nurse clarifies to a new patient in a rehabilitation center what rehabilitation means. What
statement made by the patient indicates a correct understanding?
a. “I will return to my previous level of functioning.”
b. “I will be counseled into a new career.”
c. “I will develop better coping skills to accept his disability.”
d. “I will attain the greatest degree of independence possible.”
ANS: D
The rehabilitation process works to promote independence at whatever level the patient is
capable of achieving.
5. A nurse assesses a patient who needs to be reminded to take premeasured oral medications,
wash, go to meals, and undress and come to bed at night, but coming and going as he pleases
is considered safe for him. What facility placement would be most appropriate for this
patient?
a. Skilled care
b. Intermediate care
c. Sheltered housing
d. Domiciliary care
ANS: D
Domiciliary care provides room, board, and supervision, and residents may come and go as
they please. Sheltered housing does not provide 24-hour care.
6. A nurse is making a list of the members of the rehabilitation team so the different types of
services available to patients may be taught to a group of families. Which lists should be
used?
a. Physical therapist, nurse, family members, and personal physician
b. Occupational therapist, dietitian, nurse, and patient
c. Rehabilitation physician, laboratory technician, patient, and family
d. Vocational rehabilitation specialist, patient, and psychiatrist
ANS: A
The rehabilitation team usually consists of all of the choices except the laboratory technician,
dietitian, and psychiatrist. (The mental health role is represented by the psychologist.)
7. A nurse explains the level of disability to a patient who was injured in a construction accident
that resulted in the loss of both his right arm and right leg. This loss has affected his quality of
life and ability to return to previous employment. At what level should the client be classified
as being disabled?
a. I
b. II
c. III
d. IV
ANS: B
The patient is limited in the use of his right arm for feeding himself, dressing himself, and
driving his car, which are three main activities of daily living. He may be able to work if
workplace modifications are made.
8. A nurse explains that in 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was passed. For
which extended services for the disabled persons did this act provide?
a. Covering the costs for the rehabilitation of disabled World War I servicemen by
providing job training
b. Extending protection to the disabled in the military sector, such as wheelchair
ramps on military bases
c. Extending protection to the disabled in private areas, such as accessibility to public
restaurant bathrooms and telephones
d. Affording disabled persons full access to all health care services
ANS: C
The ADA of 1990 extended the previous legislative Acts of 1920, 1935, and 1973. The ADA
now covers private sector individuals and public businesses in particular.
9. A frail patient in a long-term care facility asks the nurse if a bath is to be given this morning.
What is the best reply by the nurse to encourage independence and give the patient the most
flexibility?
a. “Based on your room number, you get bathed on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.
Today is Tuesday.”
b. “If you want to eat breakfast in the dining room with the others, you may sponge
yourself off in your bathroom.”
c. “When your daughter comes this evening, ask her if she can give you a bath.”
d. “I will bring a basin of water for a sponge off for right now. After breakfast, we
will talk about a bath schedule.”
ANS: D
The resident should be provided as much flexibility as possible and support for independence.
10. A computer programmer who lost both legs is being retained by his employer, who has made
arrangements for a ramp and a special desk to accommodate the patient’s wheelchair. What is
the disability level of the computer programmer?
a. I
b. II
c. III
d. IV
ANS: B
Level II allows for workplace accommodation, which is the desk modification in this case.
12. The home health care nurse performs all the following actions. Which is the only action that is
reimbursable under Medicare payment rules?
a. Observing a spouse cleaning and changing a dressing
b. Taking a frail couple for a walk to provide exercise
c. Watching a patient measure out all medications
d. Teaching a patient to self-administer insulin
ANS: D
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Papuan Blacksmiths.
But to be a blacksmith in ever so rude and humble a way, certain
tools are absolutely necessary; the ambitious one must have a fire, a
hammer, an anvil, and last, though most important of all, a pair of
bellows. A fire he has; for a hammer his old stone-headed club does
service; a handy bit of rock serves as an anvil; it is the bellows which
is the toughest obstacle; and there can be little doubt that many a
grand notion of blacksmithery has been nipped in the bud because
of the projector’s inability to find anything animate or inanimate of so
accommodating a nature as to hold and husband for his
convenience so slippery a thing as the wind. Wonderful are the
devices resorted to, all however more or less tedious and imperfect;
of all sorts and sizes, from the bottle-like bag which the blacksmith
holds under his arm, extracting therefrom a feeble blast as a
Highlander manufactures bag-pipe music, to the elaborate machine
in vogue in certain parts of Polynesia. Take that used by the
Papuans as an example. Here we find two hollow pillars of wood
fixed close together and furnished within a foot of the ground with a
connecting pipe terminating in a nozzle. The interior of the pillars are
perfectly smooth and furnished each with a “sucker” consisting of a
sort of mop of finely-shredded bark; squatting on the top of these
pillars the bellows-blower takes the mop-handles in hand and works
them up and down, causing a tolerably strong and regular blast to
emit from the nozzle.
It is related by the missionary Ellis, that King Pomare entering one
day the shed where an European blacksmith was employed, after
gazing a few minutes at the work, was so transported at what he saw
that he caught up the smith in his arms and, unmindful of the dirt and
perspiration inseparable from his occupation, most cordially
embraced him, and saluted him according to the custom of the
country by touching noses.
Le Vaillant, while travelling in Southern Africa, on one occasion
saw a number of Caffres collected at the bottom of a rocky
eminence, round a huge fire, and drawing from it a pretty large bar of
iron red-hot. Having placed it on the anvil they began to beat it with
stones exceedingly hard and of a shape which rendered them easy
to be managed by the hand. They seemed to perform their work with
much dexterity. But what appeared most extraordinary was their
bellows, which was composed of a sheepskin properly stripped off
and well sewed. Those parts that covered the four feet had been cut
off, and placed in the orifice of the neck was the mouth of a gun-
barrel around which the skin was drawn together and carefully
fastened. The person who used this instrument, holding the pipe to
the fire with one hand, pushed forwards and drew back the extremity
of the skin with the other, and though this fatiguing method did not
always give sufficient intensity to the fire to heat the iron, yet these
poor Cyclops, acquainted with no other means, were never
discouraged. Le Vaillant had great difficulty to make them
comprehend how much superior the bellows of European forges
were to their invention, and being persuaded that the little they might
catch of his explanation would be of no real advantage to them,
resolved to add example to precept and to operate himself in their
presence. Having dispatched one of his people to the camp with
orders to bring the bottoms of two boxes, a piece of a summer kross,
a hoop, a few small nails, a hammer, a saw, and some other tools,
as soon as he returned our traveller formed in a very rude manner a
pair of bellows about as powerful as those generally used in
kitchens. Two pieces of hoop placed in the inside served to keep the
skin always at an equal distance, and a hole made in the under part
gave a readier admittance to the air, a simple method of which they
had no conception, and for want of which they were obliged to waste
a great deal of time in filling their sheepskin. Le Vaillant had no iron
pipe; but as he only meant to make a model he fixed to the extremity
a toothpick case after sawing off one of its ends. He then placed the
instrument on the ground near the fire, and having fixed a forked
stick in the ground, laid across it a kind of lever, which was fastened
to a bit of packthread proceeding from the bellows, and to which was
fixed a piece of lead weighing seven or eight pounds. The Caffres
with great attention beheld all these operations, and evinced the
utmost anxiety to discover what would be the result; but they could
not restrain their acclamations when they saw our traveller by a few
easy motions and with one hand give their fire the greatest activity
by the velocity with which he made his machine draw in and again
force out the air. Putting some pieces of iron into the fire he made
them in a few minutes red-hot which they undoubtedly could not
have done in half an hour. This specimen of his skill raised their
astonishment to the highest pitch: they were almost convulsed and
thrown into a delirium. They danced and capered around the
bellows, each tried them in turn, and they clapped their hands the
better to testify their joy. They begged him to make them a present of
this wonderful machine and seemed to wait for his answer with
impatience, not imagining that he would readily give up so valuable a
piece of furniture. To their extreme satisfaction he granted their
request, and they undoubtedly yet preserve a remembrance of that
stranger who first supplied them with the most essential instrument
of metallurgy.
PART X
INCIDENTS OF PERSONAL PERIL AND DISCOMFORT OF TRAVELLERS AND
EXPLORERS.
CHAPTER XXV.
A night’s lodging at Brass—Delightful bedfellows—Sleeping out on the
Gambia—“Voices of the Night”—Lodging “up a tree”—Half a cigar
for supper—The “leafy couch” abandoned—The bright side of the
picture—Dr. Livingstone no washerwoman—An alarming
“camping out” incident—The terrible tsetse—The camp in the
wilderness—The privileges and perquisites of a Pagazi—No
finery worn on the road—Recreation on the march—Daily life of
an Eastern African—His sports and pastimes—Approaching a
cannibal shore.