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https://sites.google.com/view/hsc-minimum-standard/reading/sentence-types
Grammar
Definition
A sentence is defined as “a unit of written language consisting of one or more clauses that are grammatically linked. A
written sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop, question mark or exclamation mark. A sentence
contains a verb. There are different types of sentences: simple, compound and complex. (NSW English K-10 Glossary)
On this page
The resources below provide targeted teaching strategies to support student improvement in this skill.
learning intentions
Select the download all icon to download all available activities or select each activity separately.
Understanding sentence typesNotes on clauses, simple, compound and complex sentences with activities to support
student recognition of different sentence types
Find the sentence types Activity where students highlight and label the sentence types used in a text
Add to the sentence Multiple choice questions on recognising sentence types and their structures
Download all (ZIP)Download the resource pack containing all activities.
PLAN2 Areas of focus
An Areas of focus template has been created in PLAN2 to support targeted teaching of Text structure in your learning
area.
Search for the DoE template titled ‘DoE HSCMinStd Writing: Text structure’ in the Areas of focus template library
tab within the Plan menu, and customise it for your students’ needs.
For more information about using PLAN2 Areas of focus templates with this resource, visit the Using this resource with
PLAN2 page.
The feedback for a Level 3 performance in the HSC minimum standard online reading test states:
Individuals performing at this level typically “recognise the distinguishing features of common types of
texts” and “locate, integrate and interpret information in detailed written material, charts, diagrams and tables”.
In the reading test, students apply their understanding of sentence types to recognise the correct structure of simple,
compound and complex sentences.
The relevant Level 3 ACSF descriptors for reading are shown here to demonstrate how sentence types are assessed in
the HSC minimum standard online test. The performance features identified show what a student is able to do in order
to achieve at this level and are provided to support teachers to understand what is required to achieve a Level 3 in this
skill.
identifies the main messages in texts that incorporate some complex and compound sentences and dependent
clauses, and may involve the use of some abstract language and the use of the passive voice.
recognises the structures and distinguishing features of a range of familiar text types
begins to use knowledge of text structures and features as an aid to skimming and scanning
recognises introductory phrases which indicate that an opinion or a fact is being offered
identifies some signalling devices, including those that refer to words or phrases in previous clauses or
sentences, e.g. although, when, if, while, the second point is.
The progressions describe a typical developmental sequence of literacy and numeracy learning. The literacy progression
sub-elements, levels and indicators relevant to sentence types are provided here to assist teachers to identify students’
capabilities and needs to support targeted teaching.
UnT7 — Comprehension
monitors the development of ideas using language and visual features (e.g. topic sentences, key verbs, graphs)
UnT7 — Processes
integrates phonic knowledge, word recognition skills, grammatical and contextual knowledge to read
predictable texts (see Phonic knowledge and word recognition and Fluency)
identifies language and text features that signal purpose in a predictable text (e.g. diagrams, dialogue)
navigates texts using common signposting devices such as headings, subheadings, paragraphs, navigation bars
and links
UnT8 — Processes
monitors reading for meaning using grammatical and contextual knowledge (see Fluency)
uses sophisticated punctuation to support meaning (e.g. commas to separate clauses in complex sentences)
UnT9 — Processes
uses processes such as predicting, confirming predictions, monitoring, and connecting relevant elements of the
text to build or repair meaning
uses knowledge of a broader range of cohesive devices to track meaning (e.g. word associations) (see Grammar)