CS143 - DIPLOMA IN MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

FACULTY OF COMPUTER SCIENCES AND MATHEMATICS

RCS1435E

SMART DUSTBIN
GROUP PROJECT
ITT270 - DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

PREPARED FOR:
MISS MUSFIRA BINTI MOHD AZMIR

SUBMITTED BY:
16 JANUARY 2024

PREPARED BY:
NAME STUDENTS’ ID

YASMIN HANI BINTI AZMAN 2021462992

WAN RABIA'TUL A'DAWIYAH BINTI WAN 2021824042

ROSLAN

NURSYAHIRAH SYAFIQAH BINTI ARZANEE 2021469774

NUR DANISHA BINTI KAMAL BAHRIN 2021848388

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

NO CONTENTS PAGE

1 Group Folio 2-3

2 Project Background 4

3 Project Objective 5

4 Digital Collaboration 6

5 Techniques Of New Ideas 7

6 Project Management 8

7 Source Code and Components 9-10

8 Result and Discussion 11

9 Conclusion and Recommendations 12-13

10 References 14

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1.0 GROUP FOLIO
1.1 NUR DANISHA BINTI KAMAL BAHRIN

NAME NUR DANISHA BINTI KAMAL BAHRIN

STUDENTS’ ID 2021848388

GROUP RCS1435E

EMAIL 2021848388@student.uitm.edu.my

ROLE PROJECT MANAGER

1.2 WAN RABI’ATUL A’DAWIYAH BINTI WAN ROSLAN

NAME WAN RABI’ATUL A’DAWIYAH BINTI WAN ROSLAN

STUDENTS’ ID 2021824042

GROUP RCS1435E

EMAIL 2021824042@student.uitm.edu.my

ROLE SOFTWARE ENGINEER

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1.3 YASMIN HANI BINTI AZMAN

NAME YASMIN HANI BINTI AZMAN

STUDENTS’ ID 2021462992

GROUP RCS1435E

EMAIL 2021462992@student.uitm.edu.my

ROLE ELECTRICAL ENGINEER

1.4 NURSYAHIRAH SYAFIQAH BINTI ARZANEE

NAME NURSYAHIRAH SYAFIQAH BINTI ARZANEE

STUDENTS’ ID 2021469774

GROUP RCS1435E

EMAIL 2021469774@student.uitm.edu.my

ROLE DESIGNER ENGINEER

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2.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND

In response to the growing need for hygienic and efficient waste management solutions,
our project focuses on developing an Automatic Dustbin with a Hand Detection Sensor.
Traditional dustbins often require manual contact, leading to concerns about hygiene and germ
transmission. The proposed system aims to address these issues by introducing a touch-free
mechanism that opens the dustbin lid automatically when a hand is detected in proximity.

2.1 Problem Scenario

In modern urban environments, waste management poses a significant challenge.
Conventional dustbins require manual operation, leading to the potential spread of
germs and bacteria due to frequent human contact. Additionally, the need for touch-free
solutions has become more critical in the context of global health concerns, such as the
ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

2.2 Proposed Solution

Our IoT project aims to address these challenges by introducing an Automatic Dustbin
equipped with a hand detection sensor. The system detects the presence of a hand near
the dustbin and automatically opens its lid, providing a touch-free and hygienic waste
disposal solution. The hand detection sensor utilizes infrared technology to identify the
proximity of a hand, ensuring a seamless and contactless user experience.

2.3 Significance of The Project

Hygiene and Health: The touch-free operation reduces the risk of germ transmission,
promoting a cleaner and healthier environment. This is particularly crucial in public
spaces where multiple individuals interact with the same dustbin.

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3.0 PROJECT’S OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of our project is to design and implement a Smart Dustbin equipped with
a hand detection sensor to revolutionize traditional waste management systems. The key goals
of this project are:

● Hygienic Waste Disposal:

Develop a touch-free dustbin system that automatically opens its lid when a hand is
detected in proximity. This promotes a hygienic waste disposal process, reducing the risk
of germ transmission and enhancing overall cleanliness.

● User Convenience:
Prioritize user convenience by offering a seamless and effortless waste disposal
experience. The integration of a hand detection sensor ensures that the dustbin lid
opens without the need for manual operation, making it user-friendly and accessible to
people of all ages.

● Promoting Public Health:

Align the project with public health priorities by offering a solution that reduces the
potential for disease transmission. The touch-free operation of the dustbin contributes to
a safer and healthier environment in both residential and public spaces.

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4.0 DIGITAL COLLABORATION

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5.0 TECHNIQUE USES OF NEW IDEAS

We have listed a few questions that were found on the internet numerously and to
answer these questions, we have done research on the question asked on information
regarding this IoT used in daily usage.

NO. QUESTION ANSWER

1. Does it work? Yes, it does.

2. Is it better than manually opening the lid? Yes, because it is more hygienic.

3. How does this work? It operates based on a combination of

sensor technology, intelligent control
systems, and user-friendly design. When
the sensor detects hands, it will open its
lid.

4. What are the pros and cons of it? ● Pros:

- positive impact on public health
-hygiene and health benefits
-potential for IoT integration

● Cons:
-maintenance challenges
-initial cost and installation
-potential false triggers

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6.0 PROJECT MANAGEMENT

MEMBERS ROLE TASK

NUR DANISHA Project ➔ Develop a project plan and timeline,

manager outlining tasks, milestones and
deadlines.
➔ Coordinate team meetings to discuss
progress, assign tasks, and address any
issues or concerns.
➔ Monitor the project's progress, ensuring
that tasks are completed on time and
within budget
➔ Facilitate effective communication and
collaboration among team members.

WAN RABIA'TUL Software ➔ Design and implement the software code

engineer for the temperature reading and alert
A'DAWIYAH
system.
➔ Research and select appropriate
software platforms and development
tools for the project.
➔ Conduct thorough testing of the software
code and debug any issues or errors.
➔ Collaborate with the Electrical Engineer
to integrate the software with the
hardware components.

YASMIN HANI Electrical ➔ Design and create the circuit layout,

engineer considering the connections and power
requirements.
➔ Research and select suitable hardware
components
➔ Assemble and test the hardware
components, ensuring proper
functionality and accuracy.
➔ Document the hardware design, circuit
diagrams, and component specifications.

NURSYAHIRAH Designer ➔ Design new engineering products and

SYAFIQAH engineer processes.
➔ Research new product ideas and
methods
➔ Improve existing products and
processes.

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7.0 SOURCE CODE AND COMPONENTS

7.1 Coding

#include<Servo.h>
Servo servoMain;//Define our Servo
int trigpin = 2;
int echopin = 4;
int distance;
float duration;
float cm;

void setup()
{
servoMain.attach(7);// servo on digital pin 7
pinMode(trigpin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echopin, INPUT);
}

void loop()
{
digitalWrite(trigpin, LOW);
delay(2);
digitalWrite(trigpin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigpin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echopin, HIGH);
cm = (duration/58.82);
distance = cm;

if(distance<10)
{
servoMain.write(70); // Turn Servo back to center position (70 degrees)
delay(2000);

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 }
else{
servoMain.write(0);
delay(50);
}
}

7.2 Components

Arduino Nano Ultrasonic Sensor

Servo motor Mini breadboard

Jumper Wires Battery 9V

Arduino Nano USB Battery Holder

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8.0 RESULT & DISCUSSION

Based on the figure shown above, it shows that the bin’s lid does not open up because the
sensor does not detect any object in front of it and it is unable the servo motor to move the
cover of the smart dustbin.

Based on the figure shown above, it shows that the sensor will detect when an object
approaches, the sensor will sense it and trigger the servo motor to open the trash can's lid,
allowing waste to be disposed of in the smart dustbin.

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9.0 CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS

9.1 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the development of the Automatic Dustbin with a Hand Detection Sensor
represents a significant leap forward in addressing the challenges associated with traditional
waste management systems. The project stemmed from the recognition of the increasing need
for hygienic and efficient waste disposal solutions, especially in the context of modern urban
environments and global health concerns.The proposed solution effectively tackles the problem
scenario by introducing a touch-free mechanism that opens the dustbin lid automatically upon
detecting a hand in proximity. This not only mitigates hygiene concerns related to manual
contact but also aligns with public health priorities, offering a safer and healthier waste disposal
option.

The outlined objectives of the project, focusing on hygienic waste disposal, user
convenience, and promoting public health, have been successfully met through the integration
of a hand detection sensor and IoT technology. The touch-free operation enhances the overall
cleanliness of public spaces and facilitates a user-friendly experience accessible to individuals
of all ages.The collaboration among team members, with distinct roles and tasks assigned, has
played a crucial role in project management. From the project manager's strategic planning to
the software engineer and electrical engineer's technical contributions, each member has
contributed to the successful implementation of the Automatic Dustbin.

The technique uses and responses to frequently asked questions regarding the project
reflect its effectiveness and practicality. The positive impact on public health, hygiene benefits,
and the potential for IoT integration outweigh the challenges such as maintenance issues and
initial costs.The source code and components provided give a clear insight into the technical
aspects of the project, demonstrating the utilization of Arduino Nano, Ultrasonic Sensor, and
Servo Motor to create a responsive and efficient Automatic Dustbin.

The results and discussions showcase the system's functionality, emphasizing its ability
to differentiate between the absence and presence of an object, thus effectively opening and
closing the dustbin lid. Further improvements and refinements can be made based on these
observations to enhance the system's reliability and performance.

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 In essence, the Automatic Dustbin with a Hand Detection Sensor not only addresses the
current challenges in waste management but also sets the stage for future innovations in
IoT-based solutions that prioritize hygiene, user convenience, and public health.

9.2 RECOMMENDATIONS

The success of the Automatic Dustbin with a Hand Detection Sensor project
underscores its potential to revolutionize waste management practices. To further enhance the
project's impact and ensure its successful implementation, the following recommendations are
provided.

Continuous testing and improvement form the backbone of ensuring the effectiveness
and reliability of the Automatic Dustbin with a Hand Detection Sensor. Regular testing protocols
should be established to systematically identify potential issues or limitations within the system,
ensuring its seamless operation. Concurrently, gathering user feedback and real-world usage
scenarios provides valuable insights for refining and enhancing the system's performance over
time, aligning it more closely with user needs and expectations.

User education and awareness play pivotal roles in promoting the adoption of this
innovative waste management solution. Developing informative materials that highlight the
benefits of the touch-free dustbin system is crucial for ensuring users understand its
advantages, especially in terms of hygiene and public health. Implementing awareness
campaigns in public spaces further reinforces the importance of hygienic waste disposal and
underscores the significant role that the Automatic Dustbin plays in fostering a cleaner and
healthier environment.

Effective collaboration with local authorities is paramount to the successful integration

and widespread adoption of the Automatic Dustbin. Engaging with municipal and waste
management authorities opens avenues to explore opportunities for seamlessly incorporating
the system into existing waste disposal infrastructure. Seeking partnerships to deploy the
Automatic Dustbin in key public spaces and high-traffic areas not only enhances visibility but
also contributes to the broader goal of creating cleaner and more efficient urban environments.

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10.0 REFERENCES

1. [ Projek Y EE 014 ] Diy Automatic Dustbin || Arduino Nano || Ultrasonic Sensor || S…

2. https://mega.nz/file/WxVTwapJ#nhfWHHq6dxsHnz5-ATeNwu_LytKXjgmJWqEiU2jc2Tw
3. https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/ArduinoNano
4. How to make Smart Dustbin with Arduino | Arduino Project
5. https://www.tiktok.com/@iotman2030/video/7226955894247001349?_d=secCgYIASAH
KAESPgo8fCvzFhQrp6kk819eIahJlxDMzamQuhlBMAuCWwb%2Fw11iYQaXPuua6php
BesCeSLNlxCB7%2FzPJO%2F3YZqvGgA%3D&_r=1&checksum=c13a89f48b5aa67dbc
b1d56f3e4cd1d701c96a85e31eb7b3162a55148cba526f&mid=7122861933417876251&
preview_pb=0&region=MY&sec_user_id=MS4wLjABAAAAJwEkHzjf5hvepi49XcRtR944_
ESQ4Ip3Eu2zzYh7baHwhOypOMqH2z1YMhAEnt_l&share_app_id=1180&share_item_i
d=7226955894247001349&share_link_id=b23acd05-e31f-41cd-9727-722a40910d78&s
harer_language=en&social_share_type=0&source=h5_t&timestamp=1704637973&u_co
de=df2918bjbg48f7&ug_btm=b6880%2Cb2878&ugbiz_name=MAIN&user_id=68834729
97752767489&utm_campaign=client_share&utm_medium=android&utm_source=whats
app

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