— Scanned with OKEN ScannerTECHNICAL COMMUNeRN, [R.G.P.V., B.Tech,, I11-Sem, 4 | Songun fey (CSETOTICY/AL/IS/CO/ADjfy, 4 UNIT «I | Technical Communication Skills : Understanding the process and Pe scope of communication, Relevance & Importance of communication in @ globalized worl Forms of communication, Rol forms of communication. mn (O3 le of unity, Brevity and Clarity in various on 13, UNIT 11 ‘Types of Communication Verbal & Non-verbal communication, Classification of NVC Barriers to communication, Communicating globally, communication, Soft Skills : (35K Culture and UNIT ~ 1: We n ting Skills: Traits of technical writing, Principles of Waness wring, Sivie of writing. nace Writing memos, Letters, Reports ai Characteristics, Format ar GEeRN PAPE nnn 1 peaking Skills + Audience-awarene i : Paralanguage, Group discussion, ating sonable oe ia One and to one thousand. Moc Presentations nnn Peaking M11 tot UNIT -1V Job Interviews : p otective fesume, Drese. fees, Assessing yourself, Drafting Techniques of handling Interviews. (24 delivery techniques, iglerviews, Handling turbulenes during ine et Non-verbals durin Group Discussion : Object: Mathaq’ 2'Views Argumentation skills. ni ds Foe US, Coy cree senna awareness, Body language, Doty ua Content gf he. Aucinco UNIT-V:Grammar& Linguistig Ability "e8entation (163 to 17 error in writing and speaking ics of, rama Study of advanced grammar, Syllables, Vowel sounds, Falling Tone. Flow in speaking, Speaking with a py Professional personality attributes... scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wih OnE ScanerIT UN TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION i} SHIULS | UNDERSTANDING THE PROCESS AND SCOPE OF COMMUNICATION, RELEVANCE & IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD Q.1. Define communication. ~ [R.GPV., Dec. 2014 (F* Year)] Ans. Communication can be defined as ‘the act or process of sharing formation or intelligence’. According to Newman & Summer, mmunication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two more persons.” Language is the most common medium of communication er means of communication are physical gestures, non-linguistic symbols 1d codes, such as, traffic lights, road signs, railway signals etc. Peter Little defines communication as, “the process by which information transmitted between individuals and organizations so that an understanding rise results, For communication to be effective, the receiver should be able clearly understand and comprehend the message transmitted by the sender. William Scott rightly says, “Administrative communication is a process hich involves the transmission and accurate replication of ideas ensured by edback for the purpose of eliciting actions which will accomplish anizational goals.” Effective communication aims at eliciting a positive and result-oriented response mm the receiver. Main points in the definition of ‘communication’ are — (i) The process involves transmission of ideas. (ii) The ideas should be clearly and completely communicated. (iii) The receiver should fully understand the message and respond Accordingly. (iv) The receiver should send back his 0.2. Elaborate the objective of communication. [R.GRV., June 2012 (P* Year) is feedback to the sender, Ans, The basic objective of human communication is trying to elicit a Feaction from the person we are trying to communicate with, From a business & scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wih OnE Scaner6 Technical Communication RGPV. Bech, Sem. (CSEOTICVALASCOVAg, {¢) Stimulates others to act to achieve individual as yy professional objectives (4) Develops information and understan dit making in mectings and conferences. (¢) Promotes maintenance of professional relations. essential for decisis (stivani-2023) Technical Communication Skills 7 Q.4. Communication isthe process of sending and receiving information. Explain the communication process in the light of this statement. Drave the communication cycle to support your answer. [R-GRV., Dec. 2016 (MCA) ‘Ans, Communication is a two-way process whereby information is encoded, channelled and sent by a sender to a receiver via a medium. The (ii) Speaking Sklls~ Speaking skills are also very important fog receiver then decodes the message and gives the sender a feedback. In any persons professional survival and growth. Every academic, professional « communication there are two, or more than two partis involved, The person business work requires effective speaking skills. A person need to exhjp Who sends his idea or message is the sender andthe person who receives this speaking (ral communication) skills in several formal communicaiy Messuee is called the receiver. The sender selects medium or channe! situations like meetings, conferences, group discussions, panel discussion: ins teonaecg in ofr tema meen So Widow ol sommniion tre wil st fe socal a ein rll cto i med deve spain as ‘need to be successful in their careers. Most of the professionals are hire through a selection process, which requires speaking skills in the form o group discussions, case discussion, personal intervie i ‘onal interview, ion 0 some other form of oral communication, a sie As oral communication ral communication is necessary for professional and busines interaction, on shou i a ibe abl tos ent, efetvely nd confident. Feat ow to speak using appropriate grammatical and lexis eee phonological and graphical forms * ou definitely know h i i ‘srg fr sie infomation fora beter eng pone rae reading is robot not ‘kills ~ listening, speaking, reading and weiting- lsadvaniages of ede el sl good reader can rise above th ‘and writing a language. Boban received in terms of listening, speakint manual, nd coro ens such as reports, proposals {0 feadig of leters and memon ae None days readings no lie ‘ophinicated technical mateias: cian eas Eeei¥ing and interpreting on websies nad as © messages, intranet information tills to write business letters, memos, ‘minutes, notes, professional summaries send his idea, The message is considered successful if the receiver sends a response. The response of the receiver gives the sender the clue to understand. the effectiveness of the communication. The Shannon-Weaver model of communication process is shown in fig. 1.1 Noe chant Caos [rice >< ters Fae) Fig. 11 Shannon-Weaver Model ‘The various constituents of the communication process are sender, receiver, message, channel, response and a feedback. These constituents are discussed below — (@ Sender ~The senders the firstimportant clement ofa communication process, He transmits the information to those he wants to and to those who are in need of it, The background, attitude and mood of the sender plays a erucial role in the process of communication. A slight lapse on the part ofthe sender may affect the fortune of a group, community or even of a nation, (i) Message ~ Message isthe information thatthe sender sends. Itis ‘an idea, sometimes data, a meaningful utterance o statement issued by the sender. The message may be in the form of words, symbols, gestures, ele. Now-e-days the beep of your cell phone, electronic trafic lights, icons on Your mobile sereen ae all messages. A message is as important as 2 sender in 4 communication process. (iil) Channel ~The channel isthe med! transmits his messave or idea. The select ium, through which a sender ‘of a particular channel for & Scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmnerRPY, Deh, Som (CSEIOTICYNASCONDy e's moo [S000 2029) Technic! Communication Sits 9 {ax or Whaarplepartmants of on organization need to communkats within and ‘you may want to have # personal interaction, facross diferent departments, eg. functional heads have to communicate to atfiend through e-mail, mobile or Faceboaheir sub-ordinates for giving job-related instructions, suggestions, advice and “ling a precting eard by post. But when yorders. For cooperation between various departments, communication inthe father, you wouform of information exchange plays an important roe. ial responsiilitic Communication skills also necessary to design appropriate advertisements and promotional material to conduct effective interviews, arrange better training 8 Tochnke! Communication depersls upon the situation’s requirement, rectations, A message may be sent via, emai receivers exp tat on many occasio cexanple, wishing birth imay be more effective than se Brot sor eens ed Jost certainly wantto doit in person. Incase of dealing wth /erhal communication ppenrs o be more effective. (iv) Receiver Receiver isthe person for whom the message is intendePrograms, ete. ‘The sucess of n communication process depends upon the understandir What is technical communication ? Give its importance and need. Between the serer and the receiver. The familiarity between them faciltat ~~ technical communication is, “th . } ns, Technical com ‘the process of communicating a secoing, People working in simile types of organizations can understand at,..cfe message to a specific audience with a specific purpose. In this decode each her's message beter than others. The receiver alr receiving W Peis, apex cise the word “specific indicates the special mate of es ase hisrexpneelbuck tthe sede The eis ol communiton ecnsleommunietion a eenal far in cart wile decoding te mesa and vening his response. A hasty respomye emerging knowledge society, where technocrats and professionals of fray meni in eto of tine sad undun poodles, different areas communicate. Its transmission of scientific and technical (0) Feedback ~ Sender after sending the message waits for information from one individual or group to another. Ths information may response In ease of no respons sender stars thinking what went wroninclude simple definition of tools, complex description of machines and ‘The evaluation ofthe receiver's response i called feedback that allows tpracesses or sophisticated explanation and interpretation of scientific sede io mesure he eetivenes of ennuminzation Feedback should nips. idem cape oe tee camanion be es ni ea ysis ofthe nature of the response. prerequisite wo effective management. Its importance for an individual or an | QS. What isthe process and scope of communication ? breanization cannot be overemphasized. The list of ts multipurpose functions (HGP, Nov. 20211 Very long, not only makes professional interaction possible but also directs the flow of technical information and knowledge for the guidance of io Process of Communteation ~ Refer Q.4, technocrats, engineers and others in their professional activities. Tect ane a ef Communication Scope of communication canbe undes!® communication imulats scientists and researches toast achive individual Sie ‘as well as social and organizational objectives and develops information and ()) External Dimensions ~ External dimension of communicatio ¥°erstanding essential fo efficient group functioning. Itensures free exchange f information and ideas and promotes scientific temper and maintenance of refers to building relations with external agenci ir ics and stakeholders. Effecti¥ : ~ — is necessary to build a healthy external iopanioal ciao professional relations It also leads to unification between various individuals cal con cuttst €0operation, collaboration, innovation and commitmen! °F @ team and foster positive atiudes required for motivation, cooperation Iscrlenndrehsbemeene peace so npran ema Pe In today’s global world, the Ics pubcimage nd goodwill the rgnialion. 3 of echnoogy essential fer sono own and sirmaion of a county. (1) Interna! Communication — Internal communication that tke" lce within the organization include form 7 C ‘rgniatoninelude formula ator Constantly changing informati policy objectives misting corporate vision, layin tna communication task, and new kinds of communication ski sich nd takin is format 18 Goals to their stage of implementation. FO , anges a of pee Fh rans ie rea tm and ower manegement thrgh various forme, Commmunictot DEN complex echnical information in simp andes we Proper understanding of policies in their right spirit Var Tunsion! “derstand and explain quantitative data, and ability to analios om prioritize pen. anions information will be required in the changed technological environment. jon technology has a profound impact on & scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wth onEN Sener10. Tectia! Communication FRGPY, Bch, thSen (OSEHOTCVALASCONDY Jy sophisticated technology or professional skills w row how to communicate that knowledge an tively, For that we need effective technicy Koon fie ve wt ioe dos 0 pets isis € Comma sil How technical commun contin 7 ec Senha anes com itt om ener communition ae sted Blo — Na Tl Communica | General Communication @ | Technical content. General content. (i) | Always formal in style. May be both formal and informal ion differs from genere tion that mak, insiyle (ip | Formal elements. No formal elements () | Speciatized vocabulary. General vocabulary. (9) | Always based on facts, May or may not be based on facts, Always objective Both objective and subjective, Logically organized and ste-| Not always structured. t or | Josip] usatyinvoves rapes. | May or may not involve graphics (ix) | Specific audience, Notalways for aspecific audience. 08. What are the requirements of effective technical communication | Ans. Effective technical comm 4s 1 dynamic interchange the may involve systematic understanding of scientific and technical subjects Tiree important requirements of effective technical communication are ~ (i) Subject Competence \deation sta, ic i 122 in technical eommunicatior ress depends othe sender's bjt nowledg, experiences and abi Subic campsine refers tothe possesion of highly sophisticated techni i rofesional cis An inadequate background inthe subject or lack o! ion might lead to incomplete and ineffective communication. sechrca A Litewitic Competence ~ Technical commun Dates ration of ata in epors, proposals, research paper technics Jenohauuls and handbooks. Linguistic competence refers to the — infor Prat Ianguoge skills and ability to present these scientific ‘on clearly and objectively It includes ability to — w Analyze facts or information for clear presentation. (b) Use appropriate rhetorical deviees to present scientific dat (©) Use graphs, charts and diagrams systematically. ication jon involvet shivan-2023) Tothnlcal Communication Skits 19 (ii) Organi systematic a ational Competence ~ Technical communication is red presentation of information. Organizational ‘competence is the ability to organize the technical information in a logical and structured way. Organization competence includes skills like ability to sequence thoughts in a Sentence, organize a paragraph according to the demand of subject and needs of the reader, use appropriate logical ordering, and provide thematic coherence to expression. 0.9. What do you understand by the term ‘noise’ in the process of communication ? IRGPN., Dec. 2016 (MCA) ‘Ans, The word ‘noise’ is used to refer to physical noise as well as all kinds of physical interference such as, unclear fax messages, illegible handwriting, smudged copies of duplicated typescript, poor telephone connection ete. Noise is quite often a barrier to communication, In factories, oral communication becomes difficult due to the loud noise of machines. Electronic noise like blaring or loud sounds often interferes in communication by telephone or loudspeaker system. In meetings too, unruly and loud voices ‘or arguments can lead to miscommunication 0.10. “The responses of the receiver ereate feedback”. Do you agree or disagree ? Why ? IR.GRY., Dec. 2016 (MCA)] ‘Ans. The last stage of any communication process is the receiver's response to the message sent by the sender. The examination or evaluation of the receiver's response is called feedback that helps the sender to understand the effectiveness of the message. The feedback that goes to the sender makes it clear whether the receiver has accepted the information and filed it in bis memory or rejected it. Sometimes, the receiver may ask for more information orclarification. Therefore, yes, the responses of the receiver ereate feedback. GEA wracs the mportanc ofeach in te proces of communication ? “ns. Feedback is the response or reaction ofa recciver to the message sent bya sender andit plays an important ole inthe process of eommunication. Moving on the presumption that listening bas been accurate, the receiver is also expected to provide feedback. This is the most important part of ‘communication that completes the entire loop. If it is missing, chances are igh that errors in interaction are going to bound. A good strategy of giving feedback is to follow a three-tier process — (@) Listen to what the sender is trying to communicate. (Gi) Repeat the crux of the message to ensure that your intentions have been rightly understood. Give a response to the message. & scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmner12 Tecnica! Communication RGAV, Bech Sem. CSSOTCVAMSCON yan 2023) Technical Communication Skits 13 ‘The repetition itis the most important, ACRE HME OCB, ET raricians acknowledge the message by probably 9 nod of the head q- FORMS OF COMMUNICATION, ROLE OF UNITY, BREVITY ‘es, Wherein lies the assurance that whatever has heen said, has hy AND CLARITY IN VARIOUS FORMS OF COMMUNICATION understood with the same intention ? The same Words USCd iN 0 Cif. contexts could have two different interpretations. Moving on the assump, 9.73, What do you mean by channels of communication ? Name them. that a stereotyped meaning can be applied to all situations can tend, ‘jy, For the internal functioning of any organization, communication is salacomnri oe the most essential. Communication by integrating the managerial functions GD) Explain the importance of communication in a globaiizinfluences the behaviour and attitudes of people through persuasion, helps to world ‘achieve organizational objectives. The interaction between the different Ans, Communication hasbecome very important to everyone in the wogttividuals working in an organization takes place through different channels. In isan activity of exchanging information through ideas, thoughts, messagHese channels could be both formal and informal, and information. Communication ean be compared to water. Both are fo A formal communication channel refers to the formal methods of cverthere in the world, both are integral in our life, and both are taken feommunication that are followed in management. Four different channels of sanicd. ndaily life, communication brings people together. In business, communication used within an organization are — communication is a key leads to success. In a global envitomes (i). Downward communication communication is avery useful tool to develop diplomatic relation betwe: i) Upward communication counties. Many people believe thatthe significance of communication is I Horizontal communication Be epontnce of breathing, Diagonal communication. {Communication plays a pivotal role in the personality of any individu These channels are shown in fig. 1.2. ‘Without communication we cannot know the feeling ofthe other person at ‘Senet his eling towards ther person. In present age communica ‘ili introduced in every organization, whether you ae joining for a job¢ ‘tng sdmision in any good institution, Foner ining ees hn alized are alin wor where many creations even ini Of the werd et Coutts. Connecting with people on the ater sf opt ables nd inter a Nas 8 Few years ago, Satlites, be siren ti iteffortless to share information with those Fig, 1.2 Channels of Communication ; formation across countri€ —"nforrnal channels transmit official news through unofficial and informal vidual having good technit! communicative interactions known as grapevine. These channels are not very ile: Saat recognition in other countries if reable as they may be company rumour oF just Bossip. 14. Discuss in brief downward and upward communication. slobal communication skills. ‘Ans. Downward Communication ~ It refers to the communication from ‘gher level in managerial hierarchy to the lower ones, €.8. communication roe eae invitee of company to the branch managers, Some ole important to take culture int i Mahe vel ne tage of business FO ner , a s : bow bs anyaceted lnquge of bse rc of downward commaricton isle aml confer reyes onde ee Te ra item Performance appraisals, notices, announcements of compan) Pt a cross countries, it ; fon may include notes, i olen : instructions ete. Forms of downward communication may stg Rimatona communication yeyce meron poe cones ie ma oma or aetosie tion between international busine® ‘conversations. & scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmner14 Technical Communication RGPV. Bec, IkSem. (CSEFOTCVAUISCOAnSHvant-2023) Technical Communication Skits 15 ‘The main function of downward communication is t0 provide dicey _(¥) Information to be communicated must be passed through the ‘and contol, It is essential for working of any organization as it invohjerarchical structures of the organisation. There should not be by-passing of funsformation of information, instruction, advice, request, feedback, ete, ny authority. ‘Ghordinates I increases selPawareness, facilitates implementation of (vi) ‘The commu policies, and evaluation and appraisal of the performance of employehe possibility of distortion. However, oo much downward communication can lead to reaction fic . subordinates and hamper ther relationship with upper management, 0.16. Write briefly about the limitations of downward communication. Upward CommunicationItrefers to communication from subording Ans: Limitations of downward communication are ~ to superiors, e.g. a sales manager reporting to the branch manager. Soy (Delay ~Thisisa major imitation of downward communication ‘ther examples of upward communication are business proposals, suggestA message has to pass through many levels and this can be very time ‘box, exit interviews, grievance committees, etc. sonsuming, This delay can have a negative impact on the message or it may The main function of upward communication is to provide feedback 0S is significance by the time. several areas of organizational functioning. It promotes better worki (Gi) Loss of Information — It bas been proven that, “only 20% of, "eatonshps within an oreanization by giving the subordinate staff opportuntghe communication sent downward through five levels of management finally to share their views and ideas with upper management. It also promaigetsto the workers’ level". Except for writen communication, other forms of sation lines should be shortened in order to minimise «employee involvement in te decision making process. ‘communication i rarely transmitted down in its entirety. A part of its cera 215. What are the main objectives of downward communication'® °° . wenward cor tion Also describe the essentials of effective downward communication. (iii) Distortion — Apart from loss of information, many times the ‘Ans The main objectives of he message sommuniated goes through exaggerations and becomes distorted. ‘permits fhe downward stem of eommunicaton aman nae tends fo understand, xagae, imply er otherwise st enrased su Bt ssf drestives or instutions about the job beicommuniction. Many times the received messge is unrecogisable when (i) Tocaplain polices end onus compare to the original sent message. (i) Tose pis and organisational procedures. (iv) Overload or Underload ~ Downward communication is often (iv) To sy ¢ subordinates of their Performance. marred either by over-communication or by under-communication, ie, a understate cea tia the rationale ofthe job so that tsuperior may ether tlk to mucho: oo litle. The first leads to an interfering (¥) To enfo ice of the job better. ‘and arrogant attitude on the part of the superior ‘which negatively impacts the ree standards of work quality, ‘communication, The second approach of ‘too little’ communication gives the (i) To wam or reprimand d approach ‘i erring or disgruntled workers. subordinates inadequate information and details which again leads to (i) motte wore for beter performance i Unsatisfactory performance. Thus, ithe communications overloaded or under i) To clarify doubts, assist and educate workers. loaded it ultmately suffers and has an adverse effect on the performance of ‘The essentials of effective d @ Te lownward communication are — Oe sepacisaticn the work tobe done” SHOU have clarity of thought and purpose abot 17. Hite notes on i) The superior shou (i). Limitations of upward communication information o be staled. ud Have complete idea of the message 8 (i) Essentials of effective upward communication. ___ (i) He should be fa ‘Ans. () Limitations of Upward Communication ~ As with othr things, Previous management” 8¥BE ofthe policy decisions taken by & upward atin, oe its utility and valve has its limitations. Some (iv) The of these are — , Ist be decided beforehand ged Not cording to well prepared plat! (a) Employees are usually reluctant to initiate upward nd at what time, Ths wil on et formation is to be communica Communication. The managers may keep theit doors open but they cannot ‘communication or under anorre*®%! # Communication gap as well as OY" force employees to walk into their room. Upward communication fils unless n. & scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmner16 Tecnica! Communication GRY, BTR, MSam (OSEOTICYALASCON, H cant in the process. The Management ha tot the pats are active partici Sear Sena he ner han 1 el ol cous rate iy upward communicato Fe ar orpvers may not be totaly Ronest and accurate «ee edock-They fend t conceal ther problems aoe ac tom thir superiors. Tis includes hing their ignorance aati They foo that if the communicate ther probeg Fnabilyfom thei superior. They Fa oe ay Rave an aves pact om tee ack ror. ear facing problems withthe workers and he complains to his supers irtap fet advencly upon his own ellcency The superior may felt mate Hels not well quipped or efficent enough, (c) Uprand flow of communication is more pronc to distort: than downwanl communication. In downward communication distortion ‘mostly unconscious. But in upward communication, information-especit the unpaltable one which may not go down well with the superiors is oft ted and omits In th exe ofetcismand faults to, the subordinates ¢ ieaedo communicate their felings for fea ofthe superiors having a nega Fame of mind for them, (@) Sometimes in the process of upward communicatc sotkers become too bold and overconfident and ignore their immedi ‘uperiors and approach the top mest authorities directly with their suggest: compli This hams both theses because the Eypassed authority fe: Aighied and becomes suspicious ofthe subordinates intentions and 20 Slaton between both the pics get trained andthe work suffers, (i Essemas of Exfectve Upward Communication an 2 tere tenable the workers to overcome thee awe the managers should keep on encouraging them to communi Sh Abketh ns age “Tey booger x manages to walk though itand get among this people: The open door! augers 10 walkthrough, not employees." (©) Distortion and delay can be avoi e lines Jamun ae en oEY 28 Be aed I the lines © (©) All upward communication should ul "munication should be seriously anal ‘tule grievances and complaints should be ied col Ae eh Finprovement if ene fa en resolved, rage ares praised, Tee kp for implementation and work ded waace i SPeat communication hast be ented (4) The corporate £ oF mutual trust and co-peration, Thee tne organisation should tte abou pre ero.The boris shoul be made tf ding enoogh eng tits or suggestions The maaneen ah tlm and oo niga Me¥T Feedback and information tee ene wi? (shivant-2023) Tochnical Communication Skills 17 G18, What is horizontal communication ? [RGRY., Dee. 2014 (ACA)] Ans. ‘The horizontal communication takes place among people working ‘on the same level of hierarchy. Its fess formal and structured than both «downward and upward communications, It may be carried out through informal discussions, mi nt gossip, telephone calls, teleconferencing, memos, routine meetings, ete. The horizontal communication develops teamwork and promotes group coordination within an organization, Q.19. Define diagonal communication. [RGRV., Dec. 2016 (MCA)J Ans. Diagonal communication lows in all direetions. The diagonal channel of communication occurs between people who do not have to follow rigid ‘norms of communication protocol. Diagonal communication is the product of ‘modern changes in information technology and management and is the result of the growing realisation of fraternity and equality in modem corporate world. ‘The diagonal communication is much faster and efficient than any other channel 2.20. Explain what is grapevine and discuss merits and demerits of grapevine in detail. IR.GBM,, Nov. 2022 (MCA)] Or What is grapevine ? Discuss merits and demerits of grapevine in detail. IR.GPY., Nox. 2018 (MCA)] that operates in every organization. It does not follow any certain, definite or predetermined niles or direction but spreads like the grapevine in any and every direction and fast. This informal communication network includes teatime gossip, casual szatherings, lanch time meetings, and so on. These channels may not be very reliable as they may be company rumours or just gossip. These channels are ‘more active in organizations that are not transparent. Any group of people working together are sure wo be interested in one nother and talk about appointments, promotions, retrenchments and even personal and family problems. Information on these matters is supposed to be secret but many people derive great pleasure from gathering such secret information and transmitting it to others. Rumours and gossip are especially activated in certain situations such as insecurity of service, uncertainty over promotion, special increments t0 a Particular employee, certain changes or transfers in the organization ete. ‘The grapevine isnot set with the lines of organizational hierarchy. It can ‘work horizontally, vertically or even diagonally. Merits of Grapevine ~ Grapevine though being less reliable channel of communication has following merits ~ A Safety Valve ~ Grapevine acts like a big safety valve since it Allows the employees an outlet for their pent-up emotions. Apprehensions & scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN Scannerr recrmes! Communion OPV, Bia, them (CSEIRVALIS CA, 18 Technical % ion, retrenchment ring the Od othe, ith thee crs on matters like promotion, f ee extent alleviated by workers’ ‘experienced by works Caer ease 9 tatlenues. provides emotional reli ti Speedy and Quick This isthe fastest Way OF cOMMIncaig and information spreads ike wildfire ive way of tansmiting inf ity Inexpensive ~ This isaninexpensive way i information since it see and eqs rth ad reaches maximum number of ple iv) Feedback ~The grapevine provides feedback to the management enables them to know what the subordinates think about them and the epaizaion Hct athe barometer of public opinion and gives a clear ides sf the existing ideas, opinions snd interests inthe organization, () Organizational Benefit ~The grapevine cuts across hierarchical boundaries and crosses layers of organization. It is multidirectional and therefore, if wsed properly and intelligently by managers can be used to deal with problems that need cutting across departmental barriers. A properly culivated grapevine can work to the advantage ofthe organization. Demerits of Grapevine ~ Grapevine communication has following demerits - Distortion ~ This is the foremost demerit of the grapevine. I respects nobody and can ascribe the worst motives to the best of peopl. I ‘can spread baveless and distoned fats which are malicious and hurting. i) Damaging Swifiness ~ The grapevine is the quickest way of ‘spreading information end as such can cause a Jt of damage in a short period = Arno ray sar nd spread ad eause damage before any comecive an be taken, wea come cea termation~ Since thisisan informal and wfc ‘f communication information circulated is often ete sketchy which eds to faher misinerpetatons. (iv) Negativity and Resentment ~ The grapevine often creates fesentment and nepativity especis Dini. The nmap cn bcos vce ee ao ng ways ~ ‘tae these pope wal informed ora ead They sho srapcvine thy do nt spead bul ung they are active of (ona 2023) Technical Communication Shits 19 (ii) “The prapevine should be used to feel the palse and the feedback about the empley observed and attended to (it) In cease of false and damaging rursours, the management should immediately use the official chanrels to contradict them and dispel the fears of the employees. (ix) The employees shouldbe kept well-informed and up-to-date by the management regatding the policies, objectives andthe work procedures of the ganization. Adequate accesso information and feeling of security negates the bad effects of the grapevine. (8) As much as possible, the workers should be associated with decision making. This frustrates the troublemakers and the rumourmongers. ‘If the workers are aware that the plant is to be modernised and in fact support it the arrival of the new machinery and the engineers will not cause unde apprehensions among them. Thus, the harmful effects ofthe grapevine will be successfully counteracted. GB Whar is media of communication [R.GPY, Dec. 2016 (C4) or Explain media of communication _[RGPV-, Dec. 2014 (MCA)] Ans. Communication can be made possible through a variety of media. A ‘manager wants to talk a subordinate can tlk to him on telephone or summon hhim to his room. If information is to be transmitted to all the employees, 2 notice may be put on the notice board, or a senior officer may announce it publicly. General public can be reached through advertisements on the radio, television, or in the newspapers and popular journals. Selection ofa particular media depends on various factors like the urgency ofthe message, the time available, the expenditure allowed, andthe intellectual and emotional level ofthe receivers. Various media available for communication can be broadly classified into following groups ~ () Written Communication - Before the invent of {elecommunication, the leters were the only means of conveying messages. Even today's technology world, the leters sill n important method of conveying messages, Other than leters, written communication also includes circulars, ‘memos, fax, e-mails, reports, minutes, forms of questonaires, manuals, etc. In broader context, everything that has to be written and transmitted intoa written form falls under the eategory of written communication. (i), Oral Communication ~ Oral communication includes face-to- face conversations, conversations on telephone, radio broadcasts, interviews, ‘oup discussions, meetings, conferences and seminars, announcement over the public standard system, speeches, ete. & scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN Scannernson (CSEHOTCVALISCOAD: sation — It includes gesture and facig (iii) Viswat Communi Js, movie posters, slides, ef, te and charts graphs, diagrams ‘Communication ~ Includes video conferencin, the visual impact with narration, sision aed eines files that combine vw) Compater Besed Communication ~ Wt includes e-mail, voigg media. ets. 0.25. Wher changes hes computer technology brought about in th ‘field of commanicetion ? Sete its merits and demerits. JRGRS:, Dec. 2003 (MCA), Jume 2020 (MCA) dns. Computer technology has dramatically changed the landscape 0: kesizess communication by bringing about enormous advancements it og: It fas annihilated the barriers of time and space and they ha into small global village. For example, now its possible scantancously with people inhibiting the remotest place: Lets compere sending a message through a letter with an E-mai In earlier times, the mansger dictated a letter to his secretary: Whet ‘be secretary brouehe it yped, he reviewed it, revised it and got it retyped robably more modifiatons were made and the final draft was retyped. Thx s=selope was typed too. The leter was dropped in the mail and was deliveret the destination several days later. The whole process was quite cumberson sod ume-consuming. Now itis possible that wo persons have the facility © ‘0 computer terminals connected on network. One of them types a message co bis computer. He can edit it alter itor reword it as many times as he like ‘ecu asin any tne, When he i fully satisfied, he just presses a butor ‘4'8e messages immediately transmied tits destination, At the other end ‘Be feshercan open the mal. read the message on the monitor and immediateh ERLE AS Stott at hi sue. The whole process takes hardh esas tise mal mai cella phones, telephone answering machines Video conferencing, et. Souletensing, ete. ate some of the computer-based medio 0! Merits ~ Some merits of computer technology are ~ ) Quickest Means o has ease ithe Means of Communication ~ Computer technolo) (Shivani.2029) Technical Communication Skis 21 (ii) Distance is No Longer a Barrier t Communication ~ Messages now be sent quickly toany place in the world provided that place is accessible on the network. The world has shrunk because of this computer technology. (iii) Video Conferencing can Replace Personal Meetings ~ Executives ean now hold conferences without undertaking long, uncomfortable journeys that also prove to be expensive both in terms of time and money. This facility offers all the advantages of a conference without any of the executives stepping out oftheir office. (iv) Beer Means of Keeping Permanent Record of Valuable and Butky Data ~ Information stored in files and books, becomes, over the years, Micult to manage. This information can now be stored digitally on CD- ROMS, optical dises, tapes and other storage media. These are easy to store, casy to retrieve, easily accessible by a large community of people and since it is stored in a compressed format, it is possible to store even bulky data. (+) Freedom from Physical Presence ~ The laptop computers, palmtop computer and notepad enable one to work from outside the office. Multinational companies these days have several employees who work from home without needingto be physically present in the office. Even while traveling tone can keep in touch with one’s office and clients, receive latest information, cary updated data and use time spent on traveling productively. (si) Worldwide Web as a Publishing Platform — World-wide web is a hypermedia ic. it supports audio, video, raphics. text distributed delivery system on the intemet. Today itis widely used for publishing a variety of {information on all subjects. It lets you access information which could be residing in computers anywhere in the world, by pressing just a few key strokes. Vendors can use this facility to give better service toi by getting a faster feedback, Demerits ~ Demerits of computer technology are ~ (@ Uncertain Legal Validity ~ Written communication is a permanent record of proceedings and is accepted as a legal document in a ‘court of law. No such sanetty has yet been assigned to computer records ‘Computer data being prone to easy tinkering, its legal validity is yeta debatable issue. And if data has to be stored both on a hard dise and in office files, it will "muiply work rather than reduce it (i) Fear of Undesirable Leakage~ Easy accessibility of information ‘on network ean sometimes become the biggest liability of this channel. Information of a highly sensitive nature is vulnerable to hacking and this can ‘ven threaten the security ofa nation, . (ili) The Virus Malady ~ Sometimes undesirable viruses get into ‘important data files and corrupt them. Retrieving correct data then becomes & scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN ScannerAV, Bah, Som (CSEAOTVALISCOADA, yoy 2023) Ea Tochnical Communication Skits 23 22. Technical Communication FR ic. Hskng by paar ca ae sean oe ston oregon or ie GA Name sineren form cody a wie ang conta awe ana bees aad 10 virus being deliberate alco Ie stom. Thi unl modulation of one's voice. While speaking one has to give importance nave dissstty jt ony to what is said but also to how iis said. Thus, friend who drops in fan inconvenient time may he greeted with “Oh! How lovely of while the tone of the words may suggest, “I wish you hadn't ‘come right now munication can be made more effective by making following 1 of communication. interactive technologies ate available fy den be divided into two majo categories — @ Correct and Clear Pronunciation ~ Correct and clear (Verbal communication pronunciation isthe basic requirement for good oral communication, because (i) Nonxerbl communication. : ifthe oral transmission is poor the receiver would not be abe to follow the Verba communication again ea be sub-classified as — message properly, and consequently either there will be no feedback or it will (_) Orel communication be beyond the expectation, b (b) Weiten communication. (i) Firmness ~ The communicator must speak with firmness. He 3 ‘Besides this communication can also be classified as — should be firm in his ideas, opinions and whatsoever he wants to convey. In ) (i Inzapersonal communication the absence ofthis clement, the speaker may probably lose the confidence and Interpersonal communiestion ‘would not beable to impress or convince the receiver fora favourable response. : communication Finmness comes from sincerity of approach and careful thinking and planning fa Se ee eee So before conveying the message the speaker shold propery formulate and GB ers ora commeriston How can oa communication resin — tye sehr pst yt expres hms na ew made more effective ? IRGRV, Dec. 2016 (MCA) words as posible bet wilson een ing the main idea or other significant Ans. A face-to-face interaction between the sender and the receiver is calle elements. Many a times, oral communication becomes over communication ral communication. In this communication, there could be two or more ths because the communicator keeps on talking and the transmission goes away ‘wo pensons who use spoken language as 2 medium of communication. Fo from the main stream which resuls in distraction, «sample, presentations, deliver speeches, participate in group discussions, appt (iv) Choice and Association of Words ~ Some words get additional nears crsimply interact with somebody. The spoken word has a2" meaning ox power of suggestion bectse of being meneiied wih cca Falak ray ctite wea word, Wed leaders sucha, Gandhi, Rousse ides or activities. The speaker while uansmting he mascage knows wher Naim fino and Manin Luter King were adept a making speeches 8 imeang, a he presume hat the resver ow does soba oc always true, ‘fpasing People's emotions. Their oratory and speaking skills exercised! the reeeiver may conclude some other meaning. Besides, there are certain “emeadius influnee onthe common man and bought about revolutions. words whicharedefinielyunplesantstehs elurechesadecsng cle (rc communications vital to human society bei the field of education ete. Use of such words should be avoided. the business sphere, or interpersonal relations. A successful teacher is 03 holt ableto clearly and effectively communicate his learning to his student is one, which has a good and stroné (®) Precision ~ Precision is another important requirement for the ‘communicator which enables him to arrest the attention of hs listener. In order to be precise, the speaker should use a specific word instead of general term and a fone. For example, instead of saying, ‘transfer preferable to say’, pour the liquid into the beaker. A well-run, successful organis ly the message will become meaningless and the communication ih: ©3CI€ will not be completed. & Scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmnerormncaton RPL BTC. CSEOTEVAASCONG vent 202) Technical Communication Skits 25 Fe echesea ass and HHS MANY tineyy Demers - Onl communication has certain demerits too, They are ~ (si din erate rds ake US OF HACKNEY py, ()_ Oral communication doesnot constitute written record and as spesker when ae io tte Such phase err the, uch, have no leg validity. They cannot be refered to in cases of dispute he ow se esgrandieeces ees ae STEM icone (ii) Oralcommunieation is highly unsuitable for lengthy and detailed nt messages. pel renfing The Receivers) ~ People [rom different so, i) There is greater chance of distortion and misunderstanding with an feet etal tsckgound and of diferent educational oral communication, One may have dificult in recalling the exact message Fea eck of understanding Ifan educated listener need onl, and may also misinterpret the message, This can lead to confusion and laxity aa ret fllow the main deaf the message: an uneducated listener in carrying out instructions, re noreSothe communicator should have the ability (o make such typeg (iv) Inoral communication tone and modulation of one's voice is as “Teen and understanding thea speak, keeping in mind, his listeners ly, mportantas the actual words. Thus, any feling ofl will or sarcasm or resentment fraieiig the part of either the speaker or the listener becomes immediately apparent in ‘ 7 a coral communication, This can make the situation awkward and difficult unlike, GB ae mer ont deme of rl communication triten commoniaton where personal interaction is ess imporant ri fh a sm ni ce a communication ? [R.GPM., Dec. 2014 (MCA, = RGR Dee 204 (MCA GF aptain writen communication wth ts dierent forms Ans Metts Oral communication has the following merits ~ E com : . Ans, In writen communication, te sender uses the writen mode to transmit hister message. Writen communication is routinely used for documentation purposes in business and government organizations. Reports, proposals, books, handbooks, leter, emails ete. are come inthis typeof communication. (Oral words and speech have greater power than the write ‘ord. A powerful speaker can convince and sway people's opinions a9 argument especialy in an oral dialogue or group discussion. For a profession: Petsonadepnes at ofl communication enables him to give comvincin i Preto, bic es sng oy tna fering his Cee wongen extn coe Es) Watencnseno esas nal eae: a dames ine, Oral communication is a face-to-face dialogs: par of life today. Letters, memos, documents, report and articles are constantly recedes arti sed anywhere, Large groups of pcople «prepared and exctanged especial in the busines and professional area Useful when mene eesed oly which swves alot oftime, Itis especial) Now-a-days, any organisation requires # team of specially qualified ate action is required. persons who cary out specific assignments. In order to coordinate and communi! 3885 money. Wrten communication is costlier than on integrate the knowledge and work ofthese diverse specialists, written tnstion especialy when large groups within an organisation are invoke. Communication is employed. Ween communication isanindispensableaspect (is ese to communion oat inp iB business house as itreceves, analyses and records information and altace macs cts abet mil ‘enmnsie ia age oop easly cond on Written communication ha various forms such s ~ () Ora commanication, ‘ko respond accordingly. The speaker recenr ‘one's communication a bis doubts This ents aes EME cables once cdhackse! Letter ~ Leters ate the most widely used form of writen neo ftinmesit feeb communion. Tye abn pen alle scan sin Ie a cnimediate respon’ tablished ones. Letters are mostly used by a businessperson to corespond ILS o proceed furhes beac ee So and communicate with customers, suppliers, buyers, business associates, further faster banks, employees and government agencies. (ii) Memo—Amemo ot memorandum is used to communicate within informal message system and generally relates to daily Scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN ScannerBt, Be (CSENOTEVASEO ADR spy. 2023) Tochnital Commutation Shite 27 communication RG im ’ Ings fie the exch 28 eon iv) Promotes Uniformity ~ Viriten communis ange of short n jem i. lank npany"s ne ion promotes prod pas of mean ie Hanh ara ave the co jmty in poly a poe helped eat song miu TS ove fr date the work orth top of he form SPIES parent. Typ eXERUIVES ey aliens sat ene a versare spread ‘epariment and the rover eeray mi beaigl pet ad WellsPCE Sohal agen aghmaesaling Lee st os Gin) Circular ~ It is a detailed document giving informatiq (vil) Accurate and Unambiguous ~ Written communication follows insretons or orders ona specific issue. circular has a number and date some predefined rules, which makes itaccurate and unambiguous, Letter moma reisenceand sed bythauhorizd signatory ofthe fssuing office. Ciculeorreports need tobe drafted with eres thatthe message ineffectively conver tis generally sud by government departments and official bodies such; nora communication, every speaker hashisown way of puting himself soe, councils, universities and head offices of organizations. which creates confusion. On the other end, written communication rises above (s) Report Areportis a document prepared by an individual e the person, specially in e business organization where precision i essential commineeentsted with the task of collecting and compiling data on a giv (vii) Delegation of Authority ~ Writen communication helps the tops. It els earefl esearch, collection of data, thorough planning a authority to delegate the power and authority to the subordinates. Irs quite Joc preseason of findings alongwith conclusions and recommendatioe impossible to delegate power without a writen document, Repos can be of varying length and ean be anything from two pages tof (ix) Permits Substation and Revision ~ Spoken words cannot be brook divided into chapters. taken back or erased, while the sender of a written message gets time to (i) Minutes ~ Minutes are the writen record of decisions taken SOMeeive the idea and formulate his message after due substation and revision 'amecting. Different orzanizations have their different conventions of record Of his text. the discussion and decisions ata meeting. Minutes may be written by hand! Disadvantages of Written Communication Some majo disadvantages 'yped and pasted ina minute book or typed and fled in a minute file. Mine! Of written communication are ~ ‘of meeting constitute a legal document ( Useless for Mterate Person ~ Writen communication is limited Wie the. 3 ef iitiuad bois to literate people, who have the capability to read and write, In India, where CBr advetagesend hewn, ef re ea Tore rare ty level sil low, tis form of communication wll not be of any use Ans. Advantages of Written Communication - Some major advanias (i) Time Consuming ~ Unlike oral communication, written of writen communication are ~ ‘Communication takes time to reach the target. Both encoding and transmission in Na it if the take tir Iting in delays. @ Permanent in Nature — Written i yer OF the message take time, resulting in delays spies tees communication i perms : oi ie eS to afr er See ears pais avs = ction minutes of meetin yeh fan organiza ol (1 Use os « Reference 0 store and preserve them, Very often valuable papers get Tos FreeOnes inponan ada Gee Baers. Wielomes scope ee pai Teits: hich can be used for ef People who are good in their job, may be poor in expressions, 30 special a reference there may be comiS* persons needs to be hire for this purpose. ; ion comes 10 a hal. (ti) Legat Defence ~ ‘ () Costly ~ Written communication requiring stationary, expert Lega ence Wien record of letters, reports and me persons and record keeping is costlier than oral communication. organization, & Scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN Scanneree eee ui Lack of Immediate Feedback — ¥" ky characteris of Con takes his time to understand a ‘pmmunication. The receiver of oF eto aio 229 he eramenton = eo COMMU Sis om of nan er hic geebinn ftp nie i cotmmea ced es a a aura oak ae ae ee wt ee a es —naies racecar ea ecm ection, is not possible in the messag? of w The ei Cit oat be ese, ii Goober ack dwg Intrapersonal Communication - ntcapersonal communication refe he communication within himself rel, without any visible compaaic Insuch a communication, the electrochemical and electromechanical activitit Ste bdiy senses re ivoled In ths typeof communication, eyes eco ‘he transmitters of electrochemical impulses, the central nervous syste ecomes the medium, the brain acts as the receiver, and feedback is product 2y the activation of muscles. Such a communicstion occurs both in group and in isolation whet Jerson concentrates more on any of the past actions or events. Intrapersos ‘mmariction help nindividual realize his faults, and at ober times, infurit im also, ‘What do you mean by organisation in technical communication ‘Ans. Oreasisation in echnical communication refers to the process‘ {taneing information logically. Unlike general communication, technic Frunation follows a linear logical pate to organize information. 13* He of Aecanical communication whether a technical report, a0 0° facepiece Sn is pois in his i ome common types of orgznisatons wed se pare ‘communi a (sreans2023) Technical Crmemunieatn Shits discussed below (iy, Spatial Organisation — Spa of a subject of topic om the basis of herw the, simplest organisation that techn ‘or speakers information in a technical document or presenta (i) Chronological Organis are narrated in the order in which they event, going on to the next, and so on. Chronological org periodic reports, progress reports, accid: industrial processes, experimental descriptions, instruction ma easy to use and understand, but may create boredom and mannton: logical organisation used in technical communication, in which general information is presented first and then the spacific information. A general statement covers a wide range of condition, situation, events and times =H: 2 specific statement refers toa singe situation or condition. Technical writers and speakers use this pettem for organising short informative talks an presentations, technical description of objects and processes, etc. This approach is easy to understand as writer/speaker makes everything clear in the beginning itself. However, retaining audience attention tillend may become 2 problem. (ix) Specific-to-General Organisation ~ Tis is dectly opposite to {generalto-specific organisation. In this type of organisation, specific details, examples and illustrations come first. These are followed by a general stcment. ‘Specific-to-general organisation is an objective and scientific logical technique, Which have been used by scientists over the years, (0) Order of Increasing Importance In this type of ereznisation, the wrter/speaker begins with the least important details. The imporat deals come later followed by the most important point. Tis technique is quite similar to the one used by fiction and script writers to develop a climax in their Stories. Technical articles, reports on experimental work, thesis, dissertations, ‘nd technical reports were organised in this way. This technique is easy to follow and holds, builds and retains audience attention. However, time Consuming for busy technocrats or executives who are interested only in important points. Order of Decreasing Importance — In his type of organisation, Selo gute nvr odio rial pclae wh & Scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN Scannerechnical Communication RGPV, Bet, BrSem (CSEIOVCVALISICOMADA, a or unimporantdstais. Tis logical sequence j ta ou xcentes who do nt Have eth Fen the ei report gl 0 the man oi A eat boredom for the reader because he/she already receive, Tso enn an what et is ot much important ae ey Emphatic Organisation -Ermphaic organisation i a modifi fomof organisation using ineeasing order of importance In this organisatia vantages of creasing by neeasing as wel 8 decreasing importance ax intcpated In emphatic orgaistion, an abstract ora short summary is adds inthe bepnning ofthe technical document, which helps the reader to get th fet of the mater without waiting for the main points to come at the ent However te summary or abstract should be drafted carefully because th success ofthis oganisation depends onthe effectiveness of the summary. CT at do sou mean by ABC of technical communication ? Or Explain the importance of accuracy, brevity and clarity in techies, communication. ‘Ars. ABC of technical communication refers tothe three basic element ~ Accuracy, Brevity and Clay ( Accuracy~Accuracyisessental fora professional and technic! communicator. One rust assure oneself about the accuracy of informatio before communicating. Fats and dats that need to be included in a techni ‘spot or oral presentation should be checked repeatedly. Any factual em ‘il puta question mark onthe reliability ofthe report. ‘An accurate technical communication should be free from errors ¢ aera Pein, punctuation or usage. The communicator should throug! jew and revise the daft for these eros, In case of an oral presentation. meeting oF discusion, the communicator shou ‘on, accent, intonation and non-verbal mannerst* H the audience is able to understand W¥ confusion or misunderstanding. {isthe soul of wit. The same can be said ab” {he quality of being brief but comprehensiv® | brief, and verbosity done away Wi importa (Shivani-2023) Technical Communication Shits 91 Cty cmt ho ay of eng wnt ed en teicvood intcbalooanaristan caters norte Cini tvhor bah cry efespeion el ercanyaee Pcer espionage Sopylopslerpeomce Sota Shoes nha clr i etna compe CDW do you me yw of communis drs Amergeconmuricind shoal spa be sn A ims sha be draped on oi cs ny es os wk Vane oping Ut ns UGHGLA restaging dcenlthone mas te solenecnfdonl dence hen beso tre dpen shuld be aed. Ean word sence oe Scares pang tech pamper eval asap oo eto eumicd (GED) eaptin she Uniy, Brevity and Cory tn anon forms of conbiteton aie Nena) ‘Ans, Refer Q31 and Q.32. (0.34. How clarity can be achieved in communication ? Suggest some ways. Ans. In order to achieve clarity, following points should be remembered ~ _ Clarity of Thought ~ The process of communication starts with the generation of an idea in the transmitter’s mind. So, a this stage, a reat deal of clarity is required because, ifthe beginning is fuddled, itis likely ‘0 mar the entire communication process. The transmitter of the message ‘ust be clear about three points — (a) Odjective of communications (b). Message to be communicated (c). Medium, that will best suit ‘Suppose some inflammable material is stored at a particular place in the y and the manager wants to prohibit smoking there. The objective of ‘Communication, is to give a warning, The message to be communicated is just this “Please do not smoke here". The most suitable medium for this i) Communication should be a visual one. A poster showing a cross mark on a lighted cigarette, Ifthe manager chooses to puta notice near the stored material, 1 OF on the notice board, the message would go unheeded and the purpose of ‘Communication would not be achieved. (i) Clarity of Expression ~ The receiver grasps the idea in the {tansmitter's mind through the coded message, Meencodingisinap, the message i ™y he misinicepreted. © Fsobvious toh: careful while encoding the message. & scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmner32 Technical Communication Fe ge ae f fu about the meaning Since most of the messa ‘words demand attention ~ trent shoal be cael about Be 9 The flowing point about the ch (a) Use Sipe Words = Rem swords ae mor effective than pompous and es ‘pay a for ‘compensate . Mark Twain say, “Tnever write ‘me for iy” . Free uy Single Words For Long Phrases ~ A single word ferret or, os ooking rss For example, sing ‘now is more appropriate and convenient instead ¢ sing athe prem tine. Similarly a single word ‘because’ can be used Fler of sevenl phrases liken account of “in consequence of", “in vie Sf, on the rounds th’ and “in the light of z (¢) Use Verbs For Nouns ~ Using verbs in place of nour ‘en ring about smplicy and clarity look athe following examples — come toa conclusion conclude make a decision Submit proposal tak nto consideration rake the amouneement announce onan our agement as we ageed (@) Avoid Double Entry ~ We often use phrases witht ‘ors conveying the same ides Such phrases can be easly simplified. sropolis’ when I can get the sam Date ey Simple revious experience ri cee walt Abroltely complete ‘iicaamatne come Terid of one week one week. cost an mount of costs poral pion ny opinion onal rin cr se . sprenion~ Concrete expessons cea Siete Reet meng Vague and 2 ‘advantage from being Goakeres era, Concrete and effective ‘espuched Goods will be despatched 00” This piece of jewellery is iy. ease Ts teu bangs co nly 7 1600, bo pv, ae tem. (CSEIOTICYALISCOM rancmitted with the help of words, ti 1g and organisation OF Word, Remember that simple and shor vy words. It is better to uy (Shivari-2023) Technical Communication Skit “The given below should not be used, as far as possible — had big small a few soon easy a quick slow frequent most least Such type of words may be described as opinion or contextual w for ‘many’ and ‘a few" are « matter of opinion or context. Ten students al ina class of thirty are ‘many’. Ten members absent in a group of five hun are ‘a few’. (f) Prefer Active Constructions — Active sentences are © tounderstand. Ifyou deliberately want to create an impersonal style, you be justified in using passive constructions. But in ordinary circumstance, better to use active constructions. See how elegant the active construct look in place of awkward passive ones — (U) Active — A committee will discuss about your ¢ Passive —Yourcase willbe discussed about by acomar (2) Active — We all await his instructions. Passive — His instructions are awaited by all of w (g) Avold Excessive Use of the Infinitive - The use of infinitive (to-verb—to run, to cat) tends to make the style impersonal and fore ‘Action in the infinitive ‘Action in the verb Itis the duty of the clerk to book orders. The clerk books orders, It is my job to arrange for. 1 arrange for. (by Avoid Jargon ~ ‘Jargon’ refers to the specific language 4 trade, profession, or field of study. It may refer to words as well as to 1 style of writing. Inthe medical field, jargon will be mostly confined tot choice of words. Legal jargon is primarily stylistic. Jargon creates difficult of understanding and it makes the style formal and stiff, so better avoid jarge Inthe business field, jargon consists in the use of words ike instant’, ‘ulkinx ‘proximo’, ‘as per’, ‘we beg to’ ‘and oblige’, is beter to gi the date instead of using words like “instant” and ‘ultimo’. “We beg to ‘an and oblige’ can be easily omitted. See the following examples. (1). Seift— We send you our test pricelist enclosed erewit ‘Simple — Enclosed is our latest pricelist. (@) Stitt — As per, in accordance with. Simple ~ According to... (0) Avoid Ambiguity ~ If your message can mean more th ‘ne thing, itis ambiguous. Ambiguity is very often caused by a careless use 0 Personal pronouns. ‘Amit told Santosh that he was not being considered for promotion. & scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmnerMbSemt, (GOES VOSTRO, sation RGPV. BC, * recta! Coniston oor icigost owes ether 16 Ay Te eet ting consid for promo a ver canemorcarcasof canine AMDIEUIY is cay inc of this kindof ambiguity is prog Sometimes words it exe areas are confused. An exam by the flowing slogan ~ “We dispense with eae” “The word ‘ssperse’ has two meanings Dispense = to prepare medicines Dispense with = get ri of 10 dismis, TYPES OF COMMUNICATION & SOFT SKILLS UNIT 4 Ll VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION, CLASSIFICATION OF NVC only succeeded in saying tha at his shop they had no use for being carefi CDW do you mean by verbal commantation ? ‘The above slogan was actualy used by 2 chemist, who Wanted to cl thisshop da precetions were taken while preparing medicines. Huth c Ambiguity destroys clanty and ereates confusion, so ambiguity should 6 avoided, s fares posible ‘Ans. Verbal communication means communication with words. In this type of communication, language is the vehicle of communication. The verbal communication stands both for the spoken and written words used in the communication process. Thus, verbal communication can be of following two types ~ i i) Oral communication (1) Use one sentence to express only one idea, (i) Written communication. (2) If sentenee cans beyond 30 words, itis better Also refer Q.25 (Unit) and Q.27 (Unit). ‘reac it up ito to sentences The following example shows how @2yrheat is non-verbal communication (NVO)? Give its importance. by bresking i into small sentences. Ans. Communication without the use of words or speech is called non- verbal communication. Anthropologists point out that man used non-verbal communication forhundreds of years before he developed. system of linguistic symbols for communication, We sil use non-verbal means of communication our daily life, despite the fat that linguistic communication attained much es sophistication, Many of the means of non-verbal communication are instinctive, lustion and appraisal are very important #MStural and spontaneous. Some of these are culture-specfic, and some are ‘one thing is, clethat, ween ee is tem upin this area Howene. etal innate, Sattonsndappnigl llevant daa with us before takingt? Non-verbal communication, in general ~ (is less stevetured ii) is spontaneous and often unplanned. oe (ii) has no vocabulary or books. (iv) is complementary to speech ‘The use of appropriate means of non-verbal means of communication has a great importance Incase of any conflict between verbal and non-verbal Communication, the latter would more truthfully reveal the intention and atitude OF the speaker. () Use Short Sentences ~ Whether your communication ‘orl or writen, use very shor sentences. Lang sentences tend to be comple sed need greater concentration. And nobody has time or patience for hom selences. To make sentences short, you can follow two very simple rules ‘complex statement can be improve: & scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN Scanner36 Tech In modern business transactions, the importance of non-verby iderably. Most of us at our workplacg? communication has increased cons pay more attention to non-verbal cues than we do to words. We have mo faith inthe message conveyed by non-verbal cues sometimes, than we have ‘words, For example, when asking permission to leave early from the offic"! ‘you Took more onthe face of the boss then the words he is saying. The polig “officer while interrogating a criminal looks into the criminal’s eyes to wet th real picture. Studies have shown that only 7% of our messages are conveyed by Wordhattitude, instinels and 238% by voice and the est $5% by non-verbal (visual) means. 03. Differentiate berween verbal and non-verbal communications, ‘Ans, Verbal communication refers to oral communi face to face conversation, meetings of all kinds, telephonic conversation an’ hnical Communication [RGPV. B.Tech, li-sem. (Lok \M MAN OAD iy (shivani-2023) Typos of Communication & Soft Skis < and confident exterior. Good and postive body language goes a lon ands making, verbal presentations effective le, both forms of communication are important in their ow ipplements and reinforces what the other one says fay tows To conel ind each GW har are the characteristics of non-verbal communication ? ‘Ans. Non-verbal communication has following characteristics (i) Non-verbal communication is instinctive in nature, it indicates the ing of the speaker. (ii) Non-verbal communication is less deliberate and conscious s most expressions and gestures are mainly unconsciously expressed. This is contrary to the verbal communication in which words are writen or spoken after due tion and include sinking and with conscious effort. (iii) Non-verbal communication is subtle and needs skill to be interaction, public speech, interview and oral presentations. Non-verbi understood, ‘communication onthe other hand, includes visual symbols, auditory symbol: Physical gestures, facial expressions and non-linguistic codes. Verbal communication is based on the spoken word and non-verbs ‘communication is the process of sending and receiving wordless messages (iv) Non-verbal communication cannot substitute verbal communication. I only complements the verbal communication to make it more effective. GE Wet are dierent ypes of nonverbal communication? Dicwse \erbsl communication involves spoken interaction between the sender ani*©™ Mt brief. ‘recive. I occurs through the sensory channels of mouth and ears ~ mous 4" {0 speak and eas to listen, Non-verbal communication can occur through am CM8O"ES — ght, sound, smell, touch, or taste. I ean be communicated sensory channel ~ through gesture; body language or posture, facial expression and eye contact object communication suchas clothing, hairstyles or architecture, symbol sane nahi prosodic features of speech such as intonation and sie posing linet eaures of speech suchas voice quality, emation a adeanape, Smmasication ithe most common form of communication. 15 fe immedie ee ites easier to communicate, enables one openness end lenne Ses money and being largely informal brings abou! me dh * erections. Non-verbal communication, on its 8% inporaee sine te peel EoMMncation. However, iti of immenst Stites have shown tha the eye ey Ate Seba communication feinforced by suitable bod f fan eet, estes and tony eae The facial expression, postutts ‘hse id ea ene should cordingly reat language v ng eine® 8nd persuade his fgg pene, Making a presentation MMBSES Nich ate convertal modes of cages He his posture and ‘Communication should also prese™! Ans, Non-verbal communication can be classified into following major @Kinesies Gi) Proxemies Gi) Chronemics —_(iv) Paralanguage (v) Haptics, (0 Kinesis ~The erm kinsis hasbeen coined by Ray Bndwhisell According to him, all movements of the body have meaning. accidental. The science that analyzes the movements of our body is calle kinesies. Bodily movements gestore and body language is an important ft. ‘especially in fuce-o-face communication. Body language i reflection of ou thoughts, feelings and position. By nodding our head, blinking eves, WoN OS hands and shrugging shoulders we communicate. Body language or kinesies fom of appearance, ees, poste an NE % i from proximi (i) Proxemics ~The word proxemics has been dei Which means the state of being near or distant. Proxemics isthe study of ow We communicate with the space around Us. = Space refers othe distance between to or ote persons during 8 1% {orice communication. Habitual use of saree erg peer © some extent, a person's personality. Far example, when an eoptonte interacts with his superior the distance between them s more Wat uk 1 8 hen he was ‘king tw 1 officer of same rank. Careful comma scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN Scannery i BTech, Been OY 1 Communication RGPV. 38 ec pena avaro hse Aya (SAN 202) Typ0 of Communication & SoM Skits 39 space ith devi effin. 1 OA a ‘he message, but paralamuags involves the how” of a speaker's voice or the seen vila ie unig a personal communication may’ make gvay i which he speaks, Voting a sine commication i(may result mg Pa c isa method! of communication that relates the way in which scram inept 0 fen Tl sh ii nh an hel ah ‘Ast oie mansgementanditsol in communication iscalledchroneniyyofunye signifies the enety or amplitude ofthe sovnd. For eel when CChronemics tells how human being utilize time while communicating, Miyye want to convey anger or displeasure, we tend to raise your vce, When people have suceeded besase they have used time dexterously. Someone is excited, hoor sh tals lat ule hehe wurbongs hacks eal Time reflects our sincerity and punctuality. In many organizatqtalk slow with some pauses executive appreciate completion ofa job within the stipulated period. Wi (v) Haptics ~ Mapties is the study of touch behaviour in completing a task afer the deadline may considered lack of scriousness. communication. Touch has been eur earliest mole of making cont this is mot rue abvays. may also be due tothe reason that the person is bothers and has become essential to humas development It isan se overburdened means of expressing intimacy, warmth, cornfort and discomfort. In our lite ln business world time is very important. The growth of an organizas ouch plays an important role in how we respond to uthers and to our too depends largely on the importance given to time. Time has made man ¢™¥iFonment. Touching actions serve ss regulator. They both act as conveyors ol proctces redundant and new ones significant. In business being res elicitors of positive and negative felings. Touching conveys the tot % range from highly impersonal to highly personal meanings 0.6. “Silence is also a form of communication”. Comment on above aoe ing. For example, asking your boss for raise in salary during: Statement. hoes hee interpreted negatively, while doing same after off, An. Silence is also form of communication. As we know communication sis relaxed may give favourable results. involves shared assumptions and unspoken agreements between individuals dn sme cass, busy executives use ime to assert authority, For exam 2 tars. Oral presentation comprise both verbal and now-revbal mes-aoes nding verbal messages does not imply that one should keep talking all the 4 luge numberof people wat 0! ‘siting outside an official’s sit Se “Tan wet lias poston and importance As per elon 1st. Song messages and impressions ae conveyed even without making space speaks”, ~"™ any sound. Pauses and silences during presentations, conversations, interviews There are - . ‘cay value. Silence at sive a respit Couns Suchs Senda isis in the use of time. In mane geeactes canbe of great value, Silence and pauses give a resp lo both vTndn Punctuality brings admiration, jp Janguage, there is a provision for space.,.t always exists between delay shows less con inci td some Latin American cou ci ne sree tees aes a eae snd ee ea being lates nota bi sissue, What i fed but most often rewarded: ae nPtaion, punctuality isn0'®! OF thoughts, I Ts not necessary to fill up these spaces with meaningless You rich dividends, dividual, respecting time ca" P synapses. Silent time is thinking time. Silence provides a way to pace and Punctuate our presentation. The spaces should not be filled with non-words, (0) Peratonguage meee alt ageis another aspect ofthe way pew? Non-words are often interpreted as a lack of preparation and confidence. communicate, Paralanpaae But without i, we ‘is non-verbal because ise wor? They are confused noises and are counter productive. Noise is a distraction vords do it does not comprise ' ‘ " ut silence and selected pauses can contribute greatly to our presentation, ‘means ‘like’. Thus, paring oY tht intended " linguistic the Win simple wend EaRIME, The Word TS Many aime, tought & presentation pauses can add emphasis andlor give study of hoy Means ‘like language *, the listeners a chance to ponder, or even laugh. includes ariculation p84 25, “a type orn reaeet Verbalizes his WF) However being silent at wrong places, such as Not congrat Talis The etal a eich, wna coma on hisachevenet can result ina ling beg seat snes mets communi shale wan heclat bial yaent profi nln const oft nn ett MAb result in ls: snes and eons! pois ing friend & scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN Scannersnmnicason RGPY, Ac, Sem. (CSEHOTICI yamine Typo of Communication & Sot Skis 44 i non-verbal comm 1. Give four examples with explanation of nor municg Ce Te did in four etegrgg, 8 How cm We eo mvandertadg in nom serbalcommunicaton? inc Nonverbal communication €2 r a cannes Falowing sea explanations (PH, Now 9023 CA] anon erbal communication — Ans. Considering following guidelines, we can avoid misunderstanding in {Aesthetic communication occurs through creative expreg "Yt! communieaion ‘This would include all the arts, musi, dance and sculpture, Ballet is ag (i) The appearance ofa person makes frst impression onthe listener. sea of sas thee i dance and music But no spoken or sung yy TMS Uy © Took good, smart and well-dressed for the osasion Even an opera, where there are words, there are still facial expressa (i) Facial expressions can communicate much more than you costumes posture and gestures. ‘understand. Thus, during an interaction with a person or group, maintain a i) Physical communication covers the personal king “™&*™! exrression on Your fee . ‘communication and includes a smile, wink, touch, smell, salute, gesture (ii) Make sure your body language is inne with what you are saying, Str body novenents social conversation usesalotof there physical sig YO" A= ANE On ting but your body language is saying something ese, long withthe spoken words. s likely that your message willbe misinterpreted. (ii) Signs area more mechanical kind of non-verbal communica “Giv) There is a difference in between how men and omen which includes signals gs or li 1 mince communicate. Men tend to be more literal when they communicate, while foals flags or lights, a21 gun salute, a display of airplane women tend to be more attuned to non-verbal cues. 40 Technica! Cor formation, hors and sirens. (iv) Symbols of communicati (¥) Pay proper attention to the context of conversation. Consider the sts ets el oe amitication are used for religious or pers scing, the topic of discussion andthe relationship between the people involved Sloing sed ober lags to sooseunay mu cludes Jewelery (vi) Maintain good eye contact with your listener. imunicate social status, financial mes (i) Make the rate of speaking as normal as it could be, take pauses influence o ei at appropriate places, keep your volume moderate and pronounce the words 8. Enlist various reason kiatrreed, 8 TA80RS, why non-verbal communication is of propery to avoid any misintrpettin. (vii) Get rid of preconceived ideas and assumptions, as they can Ans. Few reasons beca misinterpreted ncaa °° OF Which non-verbal communicatioe Hinder your ability to read body language accurately. (© There maybe cultural differences i be erences in meaning of BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION, COMMUNICATING effensive in anode POU OF espetfl in one aneuealt eal ‘GLOBALLY, CULTURE AND COMMUNICATION ei ‘experiences eee body language based on their own persot @:10) What are the barriers to communication ? Name them (Gi) Body language ¢ ‘Ans. Communication is the process of transmitting information. If the snd the way they any themegjn 4 based on the individual's bot !ormation, as its present in the mind of the ans stransfemed comectly (iv) The; vu, and accurately into the mind of the receiver, we say that a perfect act of Of the situation, *i88 F body language can vary depending ye CO™Mmunication has taken place. But communication between ‘human beings is () People, onthe COM complex and interactive and as such is prone to frequent errors and ‘San mistaken} ‘misunderstandings, This miscommunication occurs due 0 several causes which ly over: (OPeplecen dere by ye non-verbal communicati# are known as barriers to communication. (Oneal og anguage to mislead or manipul# eat cn be three levels, where miscommaniion aay ate ce at are una 'y body language the level of the transmitter; atthe level of the medium oF at the level 9! Ne ofthe many differen waye orn inetpeted because peo? iver. Intechnical rlance anything hat obsincs ee lowofeomanunicaion ‘ean be used and interpreted. Sled noise or we may refer to it simply as #“arier 10 communication. & scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmner42 Technical Communication RGPV. jersto communication are the obstactes that occur in the communica; Da grr wih th tonision and een of Hea Faure to identify and prevent barirs to communication will also lea. future in eommanicaton inspite of proper planning and preparat imprtant to not only identify tals eradicate these barriers tocommunicat, “The major barriers that obstruct the process of communication ax (i). Wrong choice of medium (i) Physical bares (a) Noise (iy Semantic barriers (a) Interpretation of words (c) Denotations and connotations. (x) Ditfrent comprehension of lity (a) Abstracting (¥) Socio-psychological barriers (@) Atttadesand opinions —_(b) Emotions 60) Cloesd aad (@) Status-consciousne (c) The source of communication (f) Inattentiveness (g) Faulty transmission (h) Poor retention ()_ Unsolicited communication, Gi) explain the barsiers of communication in detail, ‘Ans Bates to coma (GRY, Now. 20: cntenal or physical barriers yon mY be language and semantic barrie imay wor opt rene lial aris. Al hese art Tar ge ater sero caus faire n communication Vie (b) Time and distance. (b) Bypassed instructia (b) Slanting. fone can end up convey! incorrect spellings, faulty sy rs. Work, jue! Hticiusty in order to yield the desired results To deal w seh, lhSem (CSEHOTCVALASICORp, {shivant-2023) Types of Communication & Sot Shits 43 such that movement of information may be held up and orders may have to pass through to0 many levels. These organizational defects create barriers for effective communication. Barriers ean also arse because of wrong choice of ‘medium of communication. For example, «reprimand or a warning would be more effective if delivered face to face rather than over the telephone. Another external barrier to communication is excess communication load. Ihe message is complex as well as lengthy, the recsiver will be unable to process the information received and misinformation will oecut. Physical barriers also Jude external defects such as mechanical defects of communication devices. Partial defects or faulty working of the telephone, the loudspeaker, postal system, telegraph system or the Intemet can create barriers since they an carry incomplete and distorted messages. The hierarchical system of an organization can also cause employees to feel lost and frustrated which ean ‘make them tur to grapevine, gossip and rumours and cteate misinformation (iii) Socio-psychological Barriers — These are the barriers that arise ‘ue to factors such as group identification, ttus consciousness, closed mind- set, self centredness and self interest. All these work to prevent a person from being unbiased and objective and increases the communication gxp. A person ‘who has poor communication skills, is inattentive isa poor listener and is emotionally unwell, will also fail to communicate effectively. Socio- psychological barriers arise duc to the clash of socal and psychological make- up between the sender and receiver. (iv) Cultural Barriers Cultural bariers arise ftom different practices in business communication. English isan international business language but the people of all English using countries do not follow the same practice in business communication. For example, the Chinese sign their last names first om a business document. In India there are instances when an officer, who has calleda meeting or invited a colleague to his chamber for formal discussion ‘of an issue attends telephone calls, causing disruption in the proceedings. In USA and UK such behaviour would be frowned upon In these counties the business companies are goal-oriented and go by facts and logic and not by emotions. For them performance is paramount. They also expect (heir «employees to keep professional ie and fail if separate Buti Japan thi "ot the ease. Japanese companies are people oriented lke Indian companies. ey expect their officers to achieve targets by putting in extra hours ot is the case with Indian eorpanies. On the other hand, the British and American companies too want the work to be competed in time, eto xtra hours of work, The ft employees to organise their time iours of work, They expect their empl ith people ofa foreign etiquette and customs a5 well Culture itis necessary to know theit soci! & Scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN Scanner| bypassed : ‘make F = on GAY. Bch, Sen (CSEIOTCVALASEO, 1. Whi fat are responsible for creating Semantic Bang communication ? : vine The word semantic isthe branch of Finguistics eoncemed amcor ofwons Langage is avety powerful foo of communication by PEGs tol that needs careful and corect handling, Semantic bani ‘omminieaton arise de tothe following factors — () Inerpreation of Words—Mostof the communication sexy cut though words, whether spoken or written, But words are capa communicating a variety of meaning. I is quite possible thatthe receine 2 message doesnot assign the same meaning tothe word that the transn tal intended. Ths may lead.to miscommunication. For instance, the» ‘run’ has TH meanings as a verb, another 35 as a noun and 4 more x adjective. This fact is eveaed by ‘Murphy and Peck" in their book, “Eee Business Communication’. Ifthe word ‘run’ is used in a message, the ress ayer tn any ofthe 10 mening, ba f the eomanction et the sender must asign tit the same meaning that existed in his x pare he sa aning that existed in his sin i ote example, tak he word “alu”. Consider the flo (2) Please tell me the value ofthis book. (6) What isthe value of learning “Ergonomics" ? (6) You should value your heritage. (4) Youd 2 ; ta ) wae iat Bet Bood value for your money. tg up our moral value in face of chang customs. A penalty stroke intootay, (9 “Pray stoke inhockey has twice the value of ape patel ama th (stivani-2023) Typos of Communication & Soft Skis 45 + was extremely important, she wanted an extra copy. However the puzzled new employee, afraid to ask questions, burned the letter with alighted destroyed the only existing copy. Gti) Denotations and Connotations ~ Words have wo types of seanings-enotative and connotative. The literal meaning of a word is called denotative meaning, It just informs and names objects without indicating ny positive or negative qualities. Word ike stone, pen,cup,batare denotatve (On the other hand, connotative meanings arouse qualitative judgements and personal reactions. Brave, dashing, faithful, dear etc, are connotative words Some of these words such as, brave, honest, faithful et, have favourable connotations, others such a, timid, crue, miser, ugly etc. have unfavourable connotations. But there also exist a large numberof troublesome words that have favourable connotations in certain contextsand unfavourable connotations others. “Cheap” isan example of sucha word. Inthe following two sentences, is used with different connotations — (a) Don’t give them such eheap stu (b)_ When the supply is abundant, goods are sold cheap. Inthe first sentence, *Cheap’ refers tothe quality and hasan unfavourable connotation, in the second one it refers to prices and gives a favourable onnotation. There are many words that are capable of being interpreted diferently is because of the connotative meanings ofthe words that sometimes remarks originally intended a8 a compliment, ae interpreted 2s an insult by the receiver. These cause semantic barirs to communication. ‘To conclude, semantic barriers are caused due tothe complication in using language incorrectly. This may happen when the sender and receiver assign different meanings to the same word or we different words forte same meaning, for when words mean different things to the sender and to the receiver. ‘Diseuss the types of physical barriers in brief “fo. Physical arirs that obsirt he ce ow of communication are — @ Noise ~ Refer Q9 (Unit). hi) Time and Distance ~ Time has a valuable influence on communion Terre ms oon commune. Te mange explains all the points quickly ina few words de to paucity of time, The employees may not understand them propety. Other than time the cistanee between the sonder and the receiver isalso a barter The use of mobile hones and internet has made eomnmunication very fstand toa large extent overcome i yeve .s mechanical breakdowns, telecom and, a een Ol .s ineffective, In such cases the network breakdown render these fae : re distance between the sender and the receiver becomes & mighty Barer the fet & scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmnerewe! Conmunicten GPU, Be, ISen (CSEIOTCVAUSCO, ~ rhgpanine Chane Seeing aninaprensne channel, cement Ceo tari For eae WIN ner commana rancor na dst ag oF 0 Ue (0.14. Give reasons of socio-psycholegical barriers ro communicariy, “Ans. Communication isthe interaction between individuals. As such, i ep menal wakeup socal sanding and i ee epee ies can arise tO (i) Status Barriers~Barsiers ean arise due 10a person's position social rank. A "boss" who is autocratic will find itdfficult to accept suggestog from his subordinates, Subordinates will also find it difficult to communica, ‘unfavourable but trucinformation to him. Status here will create a gap betwee the sender and the receiver. Social distance between workers and manages, employees and employer and superior executives and juniors in most cas lead toa communication g3p and becomes a major barrier. In this way, mag 00d ideas, innovative suggestions as well as accurate information disregarded and gap in communication ensures. (Gi) Group Identification - Ia person identifies himself too strong, ‘with group, then notoaly are his ideas and attitude influenced by those oft ‘ouput his ecepivity t communication is also influenced by it. For exampl ‘bank or railway employee may understand the economic, political and soci ‘damage thatmay be caused by his strike but suggestions about not joining th strike will not be accepted by him because the ideas of his group are mot {pont fr him. Because ofthis group identification, communication = ected and not accepted and this constitutes a socio-psychological baric oem spices and Sel cetredness~ This fectorisa majorbarte pion Mens ead oe and hear everything in the light of oe) sue cod sree ets: O's se iret leads one to accept wha! $ ae a ‘Goes against one’s interest. This self centre! ‘of reference which colours and governs every messi, Ths, apenen oad We) Feer Cadet “an create a barrier to communicatio®™ has tobe acquired by many ttin Skis — manmaneaton is an art ao aturally to some people where nication skills. Sull n speak 'Y People. comes cers have o hone and pois srivon 2023) Typos of Communtation & Salt Skits 47 and writing is essential for encoding idea property. A person who lacks these shills will be unable to communicate his ideas effectively and this becomes a barrier to communication, (9 Physical Health and Welteing — One's physical condition can also affect ones efficiency a a sender as well as areeciver A physically ill ‘person willbe unable to communicate propery because the mind is at sufiientty Ahr ade may lack slfcient energy to tink clay Perception slow when the se of heal spor ands can cet tari in communication. (vii) Emotional Well-being — A person's emotions and feelings also. play a role in governing one’s level of receptivity and transmission. A person who is disturbed or nervous or elicited or angry will not be able to communicate ropery and willed upmiscommunicating or sendingblured message, One" Excited or nervous state of mind will prevent one from composing the message STery. His uncer wil make him Und to eaon and loi nde wil be SEINE to aend or receive information propery. Thus, one's ematinal wel being s important for effective communication and negative emotions constitute 2 baer comnmmion (vil) Inatientiveness and Poor Listening ~ A major bates to communication is the listener's inattentiveness and lack of attention. This can fer aue tothe receivers redness, amet, worse or because ofthe boning style of the sender. An orator who uses difficult words and high flown language Wie adaressing group of werk i uf lose heir tention and hs Teds to poor ecepton of communication. (15 Diseuss some organizational barriers tffctve communication. fos, Organizational bares inthe communication arse due to faty crgetestiont entre us faulty rules and polices or due 10 lack of communication fa ties at the organizational level. Some important crpastzationa bres are : 1) Complicated Organizational Stuctare ~ More he umber 0 Neel of ei ge tpan con conn elation between Line and staff organization, ec. ereates distance between he sender andthe receiver of the message. Ths delays the communication of the message and even stor the mesg. ; ai) rgantationa Plies an der Seon apes Po and -ffect communication. ere is a polic; writter communication fen mete work delved dv 1 this policy Workers tend to hesitate in providing feedback in case of sit polices and rues. (li) Status Relationship Sats or position act a8 strong baie 7 ve in superior position to communication ina formal organization. An executive in superior Pos & scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmnera 2 mh via IGP Bre. Ser (CSEIOTCVAISEOADY, 2029) sea! Communication 48 Techn hts of his subordinates, 1, = Typ0% of Communication & Soft Stills 49 the t rot give attention 10 pecan re ama anne whic acne tack al be len ese nh communton yen satis ao became rca commeniation Bait oil wees contin, ‘Sherr does nt Tike. This ats Gi) Communication toad should be checked to ensure thatthe ication Devices and Other Material — Lack ther too le iv) Lack of Communication Devices a messages are neither too lengthy nor complicated. This will entare eomricaon cin be opantation Ihe telephone, Sompiter, ee x yarstanding and lea to better receptivity of messages, tate iesatonary temas asabig bare organizations communicatig Li) The proper mem of communication shoul be cone. One ow do personal opinion and prejudices of various individu should consider the situation, the receiver andthe nature of message and erm ini nd rn ei ini el i ein ceanples. [RGRM, Nov. 2018 (MC4y (iv) Personnel and executives should be trained in communication j i ils so that they are able 10 have effective personal interaction, Training opinion and prejudices (bias or wrong opinion) toward ski personal interaction. Training te ee ete sas seussecureamens en Me, Having negative opinion about someone can create difficulty i fee and modify their attitudes. Teaching awareness about psychological communication with him. Pople with neative perception tend to thi #2 Wills ensure that people avoid them. ‘negatively and look negatively at every event. Similarly prejudices about peop (7) Workshops ensuring mental and physical well-being of executives on the basisofeommunis cst, reigons oon personal assis very negaty 4 sta shuld be held regularly. Such workshop break actos the roup or for communication. hampers the communication Individuals with persons #88 block and ereate an atmosphere of healthy interaction between the opinion and prejudices neither lem from new information nor aceept a Nividuals. These step also ensure prevention of socio-psychologealbarers view contradictory other own. This rigidity of thoughts blurs their power c!® communication, Aiscrmination. Such individuals ignore to view the issues from the perspe (vi) Semantic and language barriers can be overeome by being carefil ‘ofthe oe. Ithppens moslyin cases where previous experiences atthe persnd it the use of language, Clear and concise words, proper pronunciation, correct 6 organizational font reat abarier in the mind ofthe sender and the procesPlling and punctuation mark and correct grammar should be used, of communication i begun withthe block or barrier uppermost inthe mind Q.18. Define global communication. Explain its need. For example, consider Sanjay who earlier was working with a small constuction company, joins, nan be defined just as any Ans. At its root, global communic: ner. He vase mmmunication, in which a message is sent from one person or group 10 Prather in terse he lh cons ee Sumac dts pope sre adie ero cote, Ferien move mye mee Sani peviescompany aed Sane ne EE option AG) The message tees rogh chan or media ‘ihe rgnizaton! scheme This wile ee oes mote (iv) The receiver in another country decodes the message Inanobe example Ini and several nha eee comMUTICHS 4) The recipient receives the message tenor fom sever! decades, Because fons ar facing Isla Today the igre and. advances in communication technologies have the whole worlds now having bad pemenal noe doing Of some PerS0X%opened new apportnities for both lage and small businesses. Now with a ommuriy, which isnot righ, on™ OPinion towards are entire Musisinge webpage and a ell phone, any busines person can reach new customers, 17 Seppest slag Doriners and suppliers anywhere inthe world. However, odo that businesses Measures to overco ‘eed to communicate wit thei global pariners. The communication need to Ans Batic to communi me communication barrier tniate with thelr global parmers. The commnicnien nes‘ impede the powth oh ora) a With interpersonal relation eaten fe fen ty Kn of re reven the an Prevent ie bari fom emerging ene sous Fant staround nor"? "Ae the world has continued to Become more ih comested and : area i” SPS ge“amunication technologies have continued to evolve, the more and more 6) The exer hierarchical, ers of faut “Sepsielervivedandeheced ng Fes 8 pl ae doping lol emma. fea anes & scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned wth onEN Scannersch, thSem (CSEVOTICVIALAS CON, conmercaton RGF B (svn 2023) 50. Technical pr Types of Communication & Soft Shits 54 «cultural communication. ie short note 07 C70 019. Write @ i ._ exgressions aml gestures, I is important to understand these differences TRGRV, Now 2018 (PY corre ine espe for olher cull mores en ce ee c 1 communication refers tthe communication Bey, signals fm other ules For example inthe united sates tic common Ans Cros somes of working, age. nationality, geo Fr yhe speaker to share personal anecdotes to build audience apport. but in people who have dtfereee’ et, Cross cltral communication cang ir countries this is considered tiresome, Humor canbe expecially tick to sexu rina rade to exchange negotiate and mediate cule cmpoy, better to be straightforward rather than run the rick that your joke referto the ates onguage, gestures and body language. may inadvertently embarrass or insult the listener. ier ean practice clare at varying evel Thereisthe cul Presentation Style ~ Believe eng ros up in tees work clue at his Work PIS: popyq diferent counties prefer o recive inarmation, Fr instance, ho ‘ther eutues to which one becomes an active parti an of onl wits interactive you should make your presentation depends on the culture to which frm Aninvials constantly confronted withthe clash between his oi yoy present. Generally, English speaking culture ike presentations obefively sre ad the msjty culture that he is exposed to daily. Cultural cat sn interactive. However, easter Europeans are accustomed to presentations secur at rest of individuals believing their culture is better than othen, ina are formal, high detailed and with few intemuptions. Questions ere answered ‘Cross cult communication hasbeen influenced by a variety of acade atthe end ofa presentation. iscigines is ecesary in orderto avoid misundersandings that can les) The key with any group of listeners from another culture is to do your confit between individuals or groups. Cross cultural communication crt homework, and don’t rely on your personal frame of reference when addressing 2 feeling of trust and enables cooperation. The focus is on providings the i an audience of another culture. By focusing on their own frames of reference, response rather than providing the right mestage. When two people of fla you acknowledge their customs and perspective, which goes far towards Courses ch oh, hy tony ne deren elt back wining hem ove. buttheirsystemsoftumtalkingare alo diffrent Crosscultural communies’ 9 verte soit decide wisedior 0 consmustcation willbe mre effective and easier i both the speakers have knowledge ol, aaanent A A ee ee Daa eM imagem binge inthe conversation Forexample,one Peri Communication in its widest sens, refers tothe sharing of Met eer ee ee some teed information, in an intelligible, participative form through the medium of words 0.20, Explain different barriers to cross cultural communication (spoken or written), gestures or other signs. IRGRY, Dec. 2017 ¥6 To important characteristics of communication are ~ Ans. “A process of exchanging negotiating and mediating one’s cu @ The message is o be both known and understood by others. — ‘through language, non-verbal gestures and space relationsst (ii) Communication is a symbolic act, whether itis verbal or non-verbal. lneffetve communication can confuse or senda misconstrued message ™? These two aspects — se and nature of communication ~ act as ole tobroken ration wih ester, partes, venorsand empl he tve deni acne inte ptr of eonmuncato inal omens ome diferent bares to cross cultural communication are given belo" of speaking or writing commun inne Barer Acomenoncrossculualbaierins® Herein lis the eruial difference between successful and failed omen cma eats Alou English i eparded 8 communictn, somethings communicated ans ot fly ders oy English on free, SESE: Of busines, not every business global he receiver, then communication has been infective (filed, not filly comrticaing Se Eaghe emPloyees may have more difficulty Wing he condition of being understood. Ifthe message has been understood, in English, which can lead to misunderstanding when ®'% Tesponse of the receiver i,t feedback, indiaes tis. ofurgency and communicating issues orcO™ | According to Keith Davis, “In the process of communication, the role of understanding by seine a esetions restive head nods, Check he receiver sas important as hat of the sender, There ae ve seps a the rasta siecciver's ication, viz. receive, understand, (i) Caturat Bari they just heard you ' end in the process of commun crv, understand busines ethics, accepted eon eet Cllr has a different set of CTP use and ive feedback. Without these sters being Toons’ "4 behaviour and decorum even different °°, no communication process would be complet: and ‘oF not, culture influences how & Scanned with OKEN Scanner (© scanned wt onENScmnerernie! Communication RGPV, Beh, Ison (CSEIOUCVALASE Oy ‘52. Technical Communica! “Thus, communication canbe considered suecessful, when {i The message i properly understood iy The purpose of the senders filed. {ii Th cender andthe eciverof he message remain inked th, feodbock Tra! ‘SKILLS - INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION, sor ISTENING, PERSUASION, NEGOTIATION, COMMUNICATING BAD NEWS/MESSAGES, COMMUNICATING IN A GLOBAL WORLD 0.22, What are soft skills? How do they differ from hard shils 2 Ans, Softor social sil (also called non-technical skills) are those pers ‘values and interpersonal sills that determine a person's ability to works ‘with others in a project team. Soft skills are needed to deal with the ext ‘word and io work ina collaborative manner within a team or group. Som most compulsive soft skills are — Listening sits (Gi) Teamwork skills (8) Problem solving skills (sii) Persuasion skills Gi) Communication skills (iv) Leadership skills (vi) Negotiation skills (ii) Time management sil (ix) Conflict management skills (x) Feedback skills (xi) Mentoring (xiv) Selfawareness. (i) Presentation sills (si Fleibilsy (hivan-2023) Typ0s of Communication & Soh Stils 5: 0.24, Write a brief note on interpersonal skits ‘Aus. Interpersonal communication skills refer to the Skills needed for ion between two persons or a small group of persnae, These skills ereate positive communication climate in which pele faethe The {ey factors to build a positive environmentin ll areafene's life ars ntelnorcs which convey respect for the other person and varied points of view are honesty, concer for the other party, demonstrate an atnude of equality, and reflect open-mindness of the communicator - Interpersonal communication skills are necessary for perfor functions ~ following (0 Gaining Information ~ One most obvious reason people ensaise in interpersonal communication is to gain knowledge about other individuals We can gain this information passively, by observing them: actively, by having others engage them; or interactively, by engaging them ourselves. Gaining information about others helps us to know how they will think, feel and actin particular situations, (i) Building Understanding — Imerpersonal communication helps Us to understand better what someone say in a given context. Words ‘mean very different things depending on how they are said or in what content. (iit) Establish Identity ~ People also engage in interpersonal ‘communication to establish an identity based on our relationships and the image we present to others. (iv) Interpersonal Needs ~ People engage in interpersonal ‘communication to express theit interpersonal needs which include inclusion (need t0 be included in a society), control(need to exercise leadership and rove one's abilities), and affection (need to develop relationship with people). 0.25. Give methods for improving interpersonal communication skills. Ans, Interpersonal communication skills or people skills ar an essential, ingredient for success in any career Por interpersonal communication sis "sult in low productivity simply because one does not have the tls needed ‘oinfluence, persuade and negotiate. Some methods of improving interpersonal communication skills are ( Congurency in Communication Elements ~ ltespersonat Communication is affected adversely, if the words used are incongurent with other interpersonal communication dynamics. For cmunication 1 be ‘uecessful words must convey the same message a the other interperson emmunication dynamics ~ body language, facial expression, poste, ‘Movement and tone of voice, Congureney between communication

You might also like

• The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good Life

  

  From Everand

  The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good Life

  Mark Manson

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (5814)
• The Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You're Supposed to Be and Embrace Who You Are

  

  From Everand

  The Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You're Supposed to Be and Embrace Who You Are

  Brene Brown

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1092)
• Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On It

  

  From Everand

  Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On It

  Chris Voss

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (844)
• • Magazines
  • Podcasts
  • Sheet music
• Principles: Life and Work

  

  From Everand

  Principles: Life and Work

  Ray Dalio

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (609)
• The Glass Castle: A Memoir

  

  From Everand

  The Glass Castle: A Memoir

  Jeannette Walls

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (1717)
• Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance

  

  From Everand

  Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance

  Angela Duckworth

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (590)
• Sing, Unburied, Sing: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Sing, Unburied, Sing: A Novel

  Jesmyn Ward

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1104)
• Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race

  

  From Everand

  Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race

  Margot Lee Shetterly

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (897)
• Shoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of Nike

  

  From Everand

  Shoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of Nike

  Phil Knight

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (540)
• The Perks of Being a Wallflower

  

  From Everand

  The Perks of Being a Wallflower

  Stephen Chbosky

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (2104)
• The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers

  

  From Everand

  The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers

  Ben Horowitz

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (348)
• Bad Feminist: Essays

  

  From Everand

  Bad Feminist: Essays

  Roxane Gay

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1018)
• Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future

  

  From Everand

  Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future

  Ashlee Vance

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (474)
• Her Body and Other Parties: Stories

  

  From Everand

  Her Body and Other Parties: Stories

  Carmen Maria Machado

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (822)
• The Outsider: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Outsider: A Novel

  Stephen King

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1850)
• The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer

  

  From Everand

  The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer

  Siddhartha Mukherjee

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (271)
• The Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction)

  

  From Everand

  The Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction)

  Viet Thanh Nguyen

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (122)
• Angela's Ashes: A Memoir

  

  From Everand

  Angela's Ashes: A Memoir

  Frank McCourt

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (441)
• Brooklyn: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Brooklyn: A Novel

  Colm Toibin

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (1947)
• The Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy Living

  

  From Everand

  The Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy Living

  Meik Wiking

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (401)
• A Man Called Ove: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  A Man Called Ove: A Novel

  Fredrik Backman

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (4770)
• The Art of Racing in the Rain: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Art of Racing in the Rain: A Novel

  Garth Stein

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (4203)
• The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century

  

  From Everand

  The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century

  Thomas L. Friedman

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (2259)
• Steve Jobs

  

  From Everand

  Steve Jobs

  Walter Isaacson

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (807)
• A Tree Grows in Brooklyn

  

  From Everand

  A Tree Grows in Brooklyn

  Betty Smith

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (1929)
• The Yellow House: A Memoir (2019 National Book Award Winner)

  

  From Everand

  The Yellow House: A Memoir (2019 National Book Award Winner)

  Sarah M. Broom

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (98)
• Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America

  

  From Everand

  Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America

  Gilbert King

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (266)
• A Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True Story

  

  From Everand

  A Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True Story

  Dave Eggers

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (231)
• Yes Please

  

  From Everand

  Yes Please

  Amy Poehler

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1898)
• Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln

  

  From Everand

  Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln

  Doris Kearns Goodwin

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (234)
• The Woman in Cabin 10

  

  From Everand

  The Woman in Cabin 10

  Ruth Ware

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (2522)
• Fear: Trump in the White House

  

  From Everand

  Fear: Trump in the White House

  Bob Woodward

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (738)
• Wolf Hall: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Wolf Hall: A Novel

  Hilary Mantel

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (3811)
• John Adams

  

  From Everand

  John Adams

  David McCullough

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (2409)
• On Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New Deal

  

  From Everand

  On Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New Deal

  Naomi Klein

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (74)
• The Light Between Oceans: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Light Between Oceans: A Novel

  M.L. Stedman

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (789)
• Manhattan Beach: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Manhattan Beach: A Novel

  Jennifer Egan

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (792)
• The Constant Gardener: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Constant Gardener: A Novel

  John le Carré

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (104)
• The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America

  

  From Everand

  The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America

  George Packer

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (45)
• Rise of ISIS: A Threat We Can't Ignore

  

  From Everand

  Rise of ISIS: A Threat We Can't Ignore

  Jay Sekulow

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (137)
• Little Women

  

  From Everand

  Little Women

  Louisa May Alcott

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (104)
• Amines

  

  Document24 pages

  Amines

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Iupac Name Question

  

  Document16 pages

  Iupac Name Question

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Aep - CPP - 1

  

  Document9 pages

  Aep - CPP - 1

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Isomerism Review

  

  Document7 pages

  Isomerism Review

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Trigonometric Eq 3

  

  Document2 pages

  Trigonometric Eq 3

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Cpp-General Organic Chemistry & Isomerism-Pkd - PG

  

  Document5 pages

  Cpp-General Organic Chemistry & Isomerism-Pkd - PG

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Quiz-Hydrocarbons-Snd SND

  

  Document6 pages

  Quiz-Hydrocarbons-Snd SND

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• #MOCK JEE Main Practice Test 11 Surface Tension, Viscosity & Elasticity

  

  Document6 pages

  #MOCK JEE Main Practice Test 11 Surface Tension, Viscosity & Elasticity

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Trigonometric Eq 1

  

  Document7 pages

  Trigonometric Eq 1

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• DPP-12 Statistics

  

  Document3 pages

  DPP-12 Statistics

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Aep - CPP - 2

  

  Document11 pages

  Aep - CPP - 2

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• TEV210 Lecture 12 P-Block Notes 14th July 21 - 210714 - 202203

  

  Document12 pages

  TEV210 Lecture 12 P-Block Notes 14th July 21 - 210714 - 202203

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• TEV210 Lecture 13 P-Block Notes 15th July 21 - 210716 - 194633

  

  Document18 pages

  TEV210 Lecture 13 P-Block Notes 15th July 21 - 210716 - 194633

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Group - 17

  

  Document7 pages

  Group - 17

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Heating Effect of Hydroxy Acids

  

  Document9 pages

  Heating Effect of Hydroxy Acids

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Graph

  

  Document9 pages

  Graph

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Civil Notes

  

  Document11 pages

  Civil Notes

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• TEV210 Lecture 8 P-Block Notes 5th July - 210706 - 105916

  

  Document6 pages

  TEV210 Lecture 8 P-Block Notes 5th July - 210706 - 105916

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• TEV210 Lecture 15 P-Block Notes 19th&21 July 21 - 210721 - 185608

  

  Document15 pages

  TEV210 Lecture 15 P-Block Notes 19th&21 July 21 - 210721 - 185608

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Computer Experiment No 3

  

  Document6 pages

  Computer Experiment No 3

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Vernier Caliper Experiment (BME) .

  

  Document5 pages

  Vernier Caliper Experiment (BME) .

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• TEV210 Lecture 9&10 P-Block Notes 7th & 9th July - 210709 - 202739

  

  Document20 pages

  TEV210 Lecture 9&10 P-Block Notes 7th & 9th July - 210709 - 202739

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Assigment

  

  Document13 pages

  Assigment

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• TEV210 Lecture 7 P-Block Notes 30th June - 210705 - 193122

  

  Document43 pages

  TEV210 Lecture 7 P-Block Notes 30th June - 210705 - 193122

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• CS RGPV - MOOCS - CS - and - IT140723071443

  

  Document6 pages

  CS RGPV - MOOCS - CS - and - IT140723071443

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Full Stack Placement Oriented

  

  Document2 pages

  Full Stack Placement Oriented

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Al CD 302 Introduction To Probability and Statistics Jun 2023

  

  Document2 pages

  Al CD 302 Introduction To Probability and Statistics Jun 2023

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Experiment No - 04

  

  Document3 pages

  Experiment No - 04

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• Experiment No - 03

  

  Document4 pages

  Experiment No - 03

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet
• 292 2023

  

  Document1 page

  292 2023

  ayesha sheikh

  No ratings yet