ig g i i i i i Z i 5 é i i i i :| Part « Pronoun /pn/ > Alas Jos sl aul ule Ja | I, he, she, it, who which whose play, played , is, are, have Adjective fadj./ 2 | SOS) p0) Karur ste » | quick boy / good student Adverb/adv./ I> | teal j) Jail ies Als ge te 2 | run quickly /study well / extremely tall Preposition /prep./ | css! zeal) ji i! 5us » | Ahmed goes to school . to-by-for )s sai Use 23>] in. with -from- of- about ... | They traveled by plane. Conjunction iconj.! Interjection lay gil Sal vi Jd a prams | This is abook. This is an apple. lay gil 58 The earth goes round the sun. ales 10H GS tel 23 (What How) hain Se ign -9 subject Jed.» Baar (dae) eh Sie gt verb Ji. object Jaks. t my (ia gi aj 48) tas 4 WHVCU OS sToHEBEEEOCEoEEoECoOLoOECoOR NNROUNERORRNENVBDURONEUNANOREEENBENUNEDELEEBUNDODHEEVVVUNDNREteg: ao They PE BESS FED ety jerk dail (¥ A Sel aay hg ot Se Lal Jel a GE my Gill Sadlh guy tga) Jal) 4 Eee (ta Ba EE Esl am is/are | was/were dail + ing (playing /eating) | Vm eating fish . (active) GN Lis wail ( played / eaten) | Music is played by Ali.(passive ) do/ does did >| sedi (play/eat) I didn’t play football yesterday. have /has had GIG iy waill (played /eaten) | He has just played tennis. will (i) would shall should can could bee might yaaa (play/eal } Twill play tennis tomorrow. must had to have to/hasto| had to ‘ought to ; sioxeyecaliylik a ae Ape Bla pall € Jubal gta) ge lhy ih pl Jab Rag Bo 9 oy Ex: 4)! play tennis everyday .2)He plays tennis every day . 3) She played yesterday. 2 ( Abagsl gd oa hay Gig6y Laie ly ) pel Sais soba dll padi by EX: 4) He is adoctor. 2)He has a car. 3)! usually do my homework . + (aca au ons 8) DNR NUDERORE NNN VNDURNEOUANNANEEENVUNNNODE peNwUNDODEEEEVAgNONEO REVENUE RUEREOINNEEEEEBENVONEREVUVUMDNDOREINDUDLNRDttal 2 Ue ee pine pale ye Ex:He's adoctor. | | x: He's tall. mine/ myself / piimiaie his / himself / eenanie eine , x; He runs quickly. with my frend hers ieee its! itself! +e i ours/ ourselves / Ex: Ha goestathe theirs! themselves / club. yours yourself/ usd yourselves Ex: He goes to the club once aweek. PLN Jal OSS ( always usually. sometimes. often-rarely-scarcely-seldom- never- ‘ever- just- already ....) Ex :1usually go to the pa He has just gone out. 1 My brother never 1 This is the tallest boy I have ever seen. i oh Ex: He went to the club yesterday, Peal oie Ex: He went to the club to play soccer. drives a car. ‘The fact that he was smart. (The fact that + 4s) AN aie op) Uap Jat Sentence ae Phrase oe He was smart. his smartness (Soares) being smart (boing + 4421 ) He wasn't smart. his stupidity (Saas sy notbeing smart (not being +4421) The fact that he wasn't smart. ‘The weather was cold. The cold weather (aae The weather being cold. (4+ being + 44a) The fact that the weather was cold. The weather wasn’t cold. The hot weather (aioe ty The weather being hot. (+ being + Aisi se) ‘The fact that the weather wasn’t cold. My brother studied hard. studying hard (ai Fin) The fact that he studied hard. My brother didn’t study hard. not studying hard (not + dail jan + ing ) The fact that he didn’t study hard. eooopoEELED: VNBOEVUUVVUBURVOVVVED Ve OVVAVAVAVAVUAVUVaVAVVAVVLALl in addition to + After eating his breakfast ,he went out. Te Se ay Sy like /such as /despite-in spite of / due to-because of-as a result of / during / Ex: There are many ways to become healthy like eating healthy food and doing sports. (after, before , when , while .... ) Jeti! Li Vi Ae dy Sh Sy[ons] st al i 3 VerbtoBe dad Verbto Have “ty | VerbtoDo dard g Eee am fis are | have /has do/ does yale was were | had did i & [ea] «[Vemtobe os Verbto Verbtobo | t am ('m )/ was have ('ve ) had ('d) do / did i a He [__is('s)/was has ('s )/had (‘d) does/ did a She is ('s) /was has ('s ) Thad ('d) does/ did a It is(’s)/was has (’s )/ had ('d) does/ did g aay oa pa is ('s) /was has ('s )Thad (‘d) does/ did g g We [Care (re )iwere | [have (ve )ihad(d) do aid 5 You are (‘re )/ were have ("ve )/had('d ) do/did z They are (‘re )/ were have (‘ve )fhad (’d ) ‘do/ did g ee are (‘re )/ were have ("ve )ihad(’d) | 3 i ‘are not was not were not *s not *re not isn’t aren’t wasn’t weren't have not | has not had not do not does not | do not "ve not "s not “d not I haven't hasn't hadn't ‘don’t doesn't, don't ‘do/ does GD didhimself Aaah | en herself Ma | ek Htself qeaile | ged / Aki / Auk ( dia 2A) ourselves Wu / Lath themselves arth / =i ‘Subject Pronouns etal a ‘Object Pronouns appiad lam (ail JS ) Spa aba Olas (see Salon) Jil (Gail sy) Sih (for -of..) sally ser - Ali is a good boy . He always gets high marks. - Where do they go ?- They go to the club. - My friend gave mea pen. - The little boy made it for her. Possessive Adjectives (lal chine ays lie Iplay football with my friends . Possessive Pronouns Au jae Se ADs w < These shoes are mine. Imet afriend of mine yesterday. Reflexive Pronouns ASS ile Jains a El GSE Soil a ull oh) sta (ya He fell down and hurt himself. Ido the homework myself. Help yourself. Enjoy yourself. Behave yourself. Hive by myself. (live lone ) a” “%, © sf Ce, idccogceo ares pessoa {ARVUVBBVEVVDLVUNEVAVVBRVVORVVAVABVAVVVVVTE:00 Relative Pronouns Jos! tu AD gD) A alll pal Jaa a ual) pas pad Ex: The boy was tall.He broke the glass__,The boy, who broke the glass , was tall. Relative Pn. | Usage Example Who (Gaia gi deh) Shall The boy ,( who )| met , was playing. The boy, who studies hard, gets high marks. Whom (sald Spek) iiald The boy , (whom )| met , was playing. aa I drove the car which my father bought me. Gale The boy ,( that)! met , was playing. a I drove the car that my father bought me. g (5 255576) This is the woman whose son died. g The dog, whose leg was broken , was small. 5 When a The holiday is a nice time when we enjoy. 5 Where Sal This is the school where we learn. g Why or Tdon’t know the reason why he was absent, g How re He told me how to face challenges. What allo pues SU This is all what I have. _ dial 4 we Which 3 Bel ge Whom pisiai UA ja iy atl Set) Ex: The boy , with whom | played yesterday , made an accident. This is the school in which | learnt, dada iS apalaiinl ie (who, whom , which , that ) Hiss oi oy Ex: The boy | met yesterday was playing. / Idrove the car my father bought me. = Aagth f I Jel yay Bay 2A ag GB Jeu he Jang) panda i Gl ny 9 Ex: The boy , who studies hard, gets high marks. 1 Late the apple that was on the table.| ( vethi sf elie aby) dey Soe (9) edie! Sly Det (1) "Yes/No" questions "Wh: / How" questions (AS a A Ss el fe oa Jel ai G5): oly Sl ip de F< EPS EP Saal EAT “They are playing - Are they playing ? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. -Heis reading abook. is he reading abook? Yes, he is ./ No, he isn't. = Tam eating fish. ‘Are you eating fish ? Yes ,1am./No, | am not. = Twas sleeping . Were you sleeping ? Yes, |was ./ No, Iwasn't. = We were studying. Were you studying ? Yes ,we were . No, we weren't. ~Thave got acar. Have you got acar? Yes, Ihave. INo, Ihaven't . ~He has got acar. Has he got acar? Yes, he has. Io, he hasn't. “We had got acar. Had you got acar? Yes , we had . 1No, we hadn't. = Twill play football . Will you piay football ? Yes , | will./ No, |won’ -Tean ride a bike . -You should play sports . Can you ride a bike? Should tplay sports ? Yes ,can./No,lcan't. Yes, you should . INo you shouldn't. + (de, does, did (We « You « They « cai mW!) su (do) 88 <—— (play ) (He « She «Its 25ii! 1. aya yil 51) se (does) ais «— ( plays ) So gate Jail SS 1 = wleddsas edie peal fi Sail JS. 1 - JS aa (did) asic «——( played ) pata! (i Jaill gis 1 = -Tplay football . Do you play football ? Yes, 1do.FNo, 1 don't. = He plays football . Does he play football ? Yes, he does. JNo, he doesn’t. ~He played football. Did he play football ? Yes, he did. /No, he didn't. -Twent to school. Did you go to school ? Yes, (did. TNo, I didn’t. do, does, did ) asia Wl G55 DiS ick GN ET ~He hasa car. Does he have acar? Yes, he does. INo he doesn’t. -|had to study hard. Did you have to study hard ? Yes, Vid. 7No,I didn’t. ~Idid my homework . Did you do your homework? Yes, I did. /Noi didn't. HNDORNRARRARVVBARAAAAAAABAAAAA! ee ‘modrsbook.com tis3.ga gt iWURHARAANVNAAD! Sai Tata EG Who are you?- I'm Ahmed . (tomorrow...) c3) 1<335| When will you come ?— Tomorrow - (to school /athome... ) S&)| Where de you go?-To the club. (the red car ..) Jai J J587\ Which car do you like ?—The red car. Which boy is taller :Ahmed or Ali? Ali (car ?dog = FRSA [What a you buy ?=Acar. (because -to-for )—-| Why didn’tyou come ?—Because! was il (Al's This...) | Whose book is this 7-It's_ All's book . (by car) 53,54; JIai| How do you goto work ?— By car. How old (dO years old )o 5) >a] How oldare you? 10 years old. How many (two /three ....) =a) | How many pens do you have ?-1 pen. How much ° (2 Dollars ) 4! 5! 544)| How much is this dress 7-40 $ (Skm far ) aa 5) “= faris your school ?-2km far. II (Smlong jess Joe | How long is this bridge ? 13 miong.. (for a day/ since 1990 | How los hero} — (150 cm ) =29\J,5] How tall is your father 7-150 em yo 5 ptlga alld 9) sehen ab lay Qua 3 AL shane ab ny ula 3B Ada) ino ppd Stal Cian 13) > 4B gale ‘hal atl 131 Ex: Gan you fe// me where the bank is , please? How + adj.( 42) = What #n.( =!) How tall? How long? [How old? | How far 7 How much? How What | What height ? | What length? | What age? | Whatdistance? | What price?PEDRO DEAD! Tag Question Jia J) SEU Ne Agag yaa ob Magthy agp gall seLeall Sul pli all Spell gS ASA JS gb se Ll Jail) iS Lyte Ata th ts Hy se Leal) Jal fis Lie Lag cats 15) = Beall pela ( idl ) 3 Small gAvaall (do, does ) pained Sete Stall alia Of) al 1H) 190 ‘Sentence Tag Question | [Sentence Tag Question It is very cold, isn't it? My friends play football, | don’t they? ‘They will come , won't they? ‘She watches TV, doesn't she? My friends haven't studied , | have they ? He has to study, doesn't he? He can drive a car, can’t he | Ali broke: his leg , didn’t he ? Tim not fine today , am 1? Let's play soccer, shall_we ? (cial) I'm a good student , aren't 1? Let us go out, will you? ( <5 lb) ‘Open the door, will you ?( 1) | | Letus =(will you?) sLet's =( shall we?) xii Don't come late, will you ? (44) Every one is het Aren't they ? o ggtlly gall llth y 4481 8 ( will you ? ) ating every one/ ) Sa SSN ( they) sal saa Leal 5i( every body play cape sonal) ad gut Maat GB Lage ale y Gill Ge yas ila!) any din Scarcely - hardly rarely - never - neither - nor - none - no one~no body - nothing ~ no where - little -few- auite often Ex:He never helps the poor, does he ? 7 She ate litile food, did she? (wouldn't) <—— ('d rather) 4s (hadn't) <—— (‘d better) as paki Ex: You'd better study , hadn't you ?/ You'd rather come early , wouldn't you? (Seti GASSER Y Sait jae oo (Don't + Jail ae) oo oe Open the door . Don't open the door. Sit down, please . Don't sit down . Always play sports. Never smoke cigarettes. WNRERNBURVNNDEEREBUBDNDHREVUREEDDENL! ID English Q i WeCssUoUsCHooUoEDOBEEEEBEDEECEC OR eszaoll Uisiaenl etl a ‘wenw.amodirsbbook.comSEDSSSOBEDEDSESDOBDDEEDED! ISoDoBSSESBDEDEEBEDD: Negative Sentence “iis La! ne Ex: I haven't eaten fish. (tes dab + mot + petal Jad) pad (pil aie (oS aa ei ay oa | Stas Ga mot Eat) Male yl Ewtm Uellagy Ue 1)P'm eating some fish now. 2) He's playing tennis now. 3) They were sleeping. 4) She has just studied English. 5) [have got a car. 6) I will come tomorrow. 7) You should sleep early. 1)I'm not eating any fish now. 2) He's not playing tennis now. 3) They were not sleeping. 4) She has not studied English yet. 5) [have not got a car. 6) [won't come tomorrow, 7) You shouldn’t sleep early. «Saal tail aS (not) EI A Saat! Ga} as (do does / did ) skied Aaa gl sete Gull say pie Ga Bly (He, She, It, ddl a! gate pall aH!) ay (does) 9(1, We You They + 2 a) ay ( do ) patina eal pt cj Bh IS ye pb (ci) al Rag tat nj oh 1) Tdrive my ear every day. 2) He drives a car every day. 3) She drove a car yesterday. 1) I don’t drive my car every day. 2) He doesn’t drive a car every day. 3) She didn't drive a car yesterday. aed AGES (not) a Se a ee (do does /did) as a A ea aN PTE 1) Thave a car. 2) He has curly hair. 3) [had some friends. 4) Ihave to study. 5) He has to get up early. 6) They had to play well. 7) Ido my homework. 8) He does his homework. 9) They did all their best. 1) Tdon’t have a car. 2) He doesn’t have curly hair. 3) 1 didn’t have any friends, 4) I don’t have to study. 5) He doesn’t have to get up early. 6) They didn’t have to play well. 7)1 don’t do my homework. 8) He doesn’t do his homework. 9) They didn’t do all their best. (amis /are/ was Were )oS di «(dol does [did Si jm I) oS ib GLI SW GLEy 1) Tama boy. 2) She was ill, 1) Lam not a boy. 2) She wasn’ ill. wohadl As LS hell SS ( had better / would rather ) s+ not 4) You'd better study. 2)'d rather have tea. 1) You'd better not play. 2)I'd_ rather not have te: (never , nothing , nobody, no one, none , neither , nor... ) Ja iil = pai CLS Sta Gl oy 4) He usually plays tennis. 2)There was something on the table. 3) There was somebody in the park. 4) Ilike fish and meat. 5) Both of my parents love shopping. 6) All (All of the) students like English 4)He never plays tennis. 2)There was nothing (none) on the table. 3) There was nobody (no one/none) in the park. 4) |don’t like fish or meat. /| like neither fish nor meat. 5) Neither of my parents loves shopping. 6) None of the students (like /likes ) English. Ae pepe Co Saat abe ppasdtid (nome / no one / no body) & Saat se (Neither pte Os ( Hikke ) eo Lined dad si (likes ) spb Lined Jad pladion! ose (nome ) aval (loves ) shal Smal Jad padi (neither )ay- 4 05) 4p Spal dal Jai none )9( both )c#¥4( neither ) s (and )4¥% (or) 44 just / already) &¥4( yet ) #( some ) Ge Y3e(any ) pias Aa Jaga gi (all) 0474 ( no one / no body /Irregular Verbs ibs Justi Past PP. Present Past oe | aa eke |e cost cost ‘break > | broke cut cut choose “354 | chose hit hit speak 2235 / 1 | spoke hurt eee i | hure hurt steal Go | stole let caw st/ es | et let wake By | woke put | put put drive drove shut i | shu shut pis oe ae rise Sl dex | rose lend sake | tent lent conte eo | Se send Jas | sent sent es ss spend 8a | aay | spent spent beat Gia] eit | beat build | but buitt bite __ at | burn Gad | burnt burnt Dies Waa lbs | hie learn 54 | tearnt learnt smell eo | smelt smelt aby of |e lose 51 ty | Jost lost fall hy bing | fet shoot S| shot shot forget 3 | forgot m ‘ui | oat as sive os | gave Hight lee | tit lit - ge |e take HL | took sit oe | sat sat : keep Alss | kept kept blow ei oe | blew sleep 2s | slept slept grow E291 | grew feel as 4 | felt felt Know etn | knew g leave 25 | lett let throw tik gay | threw & meet dé | met met fly 2 | flew 3 dream A | dreamt dreamt on te | drew g mean ste et | meant meant show Gx / cn | showed a a bring 2 | brought brought begin ay | began g buy 45% | bought | bought eink so | drank a fight altos | fought fought swim ce | swam g think simg/ 39; | thought —_| thought ing. sy] ox | rang g catch aay / day | caught caught sing is | sane g teach aed 4 | taught taught run em | ran a a sell &H | sold sold come a | came come g tell sl os | told told become c= | became | become a f0 ai, | went gone g find 2 | found found Helping Verbs beta Gaby a = | had had a ear | heard heard saa a z Tieipa a hola sy fo | held held : = g be G9 |am/is | was been a iad ti | peaa read are were 5 say st | gaia said have dtiy [have/hhas | had had a pay Be! 4 | poi paid do db |do/does | did done a make a | made made Modal Verbs ai Ja g stand sits | sta - Sitentand | ag | eee | |= = ae py pau i == | would | should | could | might | hadto shine Gal GS | shone shone g g g : 2( go/ play ... ) dil! += Infinitive 0 Cr) Example (do, does, did , don’t, doesn’t, didn’t) bat gall yaya f Juan} gh Sl 9 859i = Did you go to school yesterday ? = My brother doesn’t play tennis . Aili! Judi {will (‘II) - would (‘d) / shall - should can- could / may- might-must - had to/ have (has ) to-had to- ought to - will visit you tomorrow . - You should study your lessons . + You ought to play sports . chad HS ell 4, We, You, They, | al -! usually get up early . ~My friends play soccer every week 7 hit (to) Gye SL Qu Ge (want - need - would like - hope ~ plan - try — afford- fall- refuse — arrange- tend- decide- forget- learn- promise - offer - manage } HHO + ia Bae sl ask - tell - advise teach - persuade - expect - encourage - help -remind... ) =I forgot to do. my homework . -I'dlike to have tea. ~My father told me to study. -Does he want to play football ? 2(to) oy ALS Ga Ga make/let ————+ Jie pase hs had better / would rather —> Jie bau SLY ~The film made me ery. +My father let me go. + You had better study. your lessons . +I'd rather have tea. used to er ~ When Iwas young ,| used to sleep early. to, in order to ,so as to a g0 to school to learn . to - The tea is too hot to drink. = He isn’t old enough to drivea car. etl MT ab > Open the door, please. + Never play with matches . = If you go to the club , call me please . Ve ing (ing ) e+ us (2) yl Examples (be/am, Bplay are/ was, were / been )oS dui -1am studying English now . +I have been waiting for two hours. (in, on, at, of for, about, by, : Gy with , without, through , during .....) -I'm fond of reading stories . + My sister is interested in cooking . 7 dell Lis hia yl (After, Before, when, while, As soon as. | - After watching TV, 1 went to bed. -While walking alone ,! saw a snake. 7 ALA Gail Qa = Did you enjoy walching the film ? ~My brother fears going out at night. - Healthy lifestyle involves playing sports. (go -enjoy -avoid-keep- complete -finish-stop- quit-give up-mind-suggest-imagine-fear-miss- practise-ceny-involve-risk- fancy ....) i 5 3 i 5 Verb + object (J+!) =I saw some boys playing football. -There is a man waiting for you. (am is, are) ~He’s used to reading stories. (was, were) [used to -1 get used to sleeping early . | (get, got ) aS Look forward to =T'm looking forward to seeing you. (S) otis chem LN aly (ey A) T = Playing sports makes you healthy . © 3 i 3 i WHUSUEsoECHeBOEEOEEDEECECCOEOOECOORjoDOBES Ican’t help It's no use / good Ws worth How about/ What about ? Would you mind /Do you mi 1g 3 -can’t stand waiting for him. -Ican't help laughing. -It's no use smoking cigarettes. = It's worth watching, Haw about playing soccer ? Would you mind opening the door ? ( goes / plays .... ) (VES) (CS) oe od (1) Examples sa (He, She, It, 2a oS aa Sopa eel nt el) |= My brother always gets_up early. - Water boils at 100 degree . Cing 2st Ba) Sail pa ~Playing sports makes you healthy. (went / played ) 4) nail 3d (4) AA Examples Dall alll Gn Oe pl - (yesterday-last- ago- one day - once - in the past...) - Yesterday, | studied English . -1 went to the zoo and saw many animals . 1 pall fae Ss eh) ol Ge = While | was running , | fell down. CMU) pall fp slow oy gy cae «(a et il ga - After Thad studied , Iwent out. - Ihad studied before | went out. (gone? played ) Si Gs 2a 3 38 (5) A Examples (have, has, had ) dey Ja (a pike Sg shane) LLM el ~ Pve just done my homework. - | haven't studied English yet. = Ididn’t go out till [had studied English. (be/being/am, is, are/was , were / been) oS bs (passive voice) Jaa jd say = Our school was built in 1980. -The children are told to sleep early . =e MNNNEDUVVVBVAAROVOAVAVDORRVVVVORVVURVVVeEVOBVVVARVaVVeBVVaVAVaRNR!l will, would ait) Judit ty have, has, had be, being,am,is,are,was,were, been —® (V+ ing) pl asaall / (V3) played seme do, does, did, don’t, doesn’t, didn’t —— (inf. ditt non) ( play / go) — —+ (3) (played / gone) (inf, da) pman) ( play / go) a i a a i i : WUOCoUSEOEEOCECECCoEOCEOOoORTenses sovSBSDEDEEDT wURE Tense ‘Affirmative er Negative Question Se Present Simple |- Inf. ( play /go) dail ua | ( don’t /doesn’t)+ sued | (do /does)+ JU) + ual? trvtte | vas (plays/ goes )(s+dai) | don’t / doesn’t (play/go) | Do youplay?/ Does he play? au ‘always - usually: sometimes - oceasionally- often-rarely-seldom-never- every ( day/week ..) Past Simple | Regular { played) ale didn’t + sAwaall Did + elili+ judi ? See ate | regular (went) as didn't ( play / go) Did you ( play / go) yesterday? es yesterday - once - one day - ago- in the past - last (day / week...) - in 1990 - WW1 Future | (will/shall)+ >saal(play) | won't+ haul play) will + deUli+ sued 2 Simple | 1 will play tomorrow. Iwon't play tomorrow. Will you play tomorrow ? Ey ddins | (am-is-are}+going to+inf. | (am-is.are) not +goingto+ inf. | (am.js-aro}+ dell + going to +inf.2 I'm going to play tomorrow. | I'm not going to play. eu:yougsngtegctornoncon? aus ‘tomorrow - next ( day / week ..)- soon- today - in the future - in (two weeks) - hope - wish Present | (amvis-are) +v + ing ( playing) | (anvis-are ) not + v+ ing (Amis-Are) + G8 4V+ ing ? Continuous cua jee | 1" Playing now. V'm not playing now. Are you playing ? “aus | now- at this moment - at the present time - these days - this week - Look !- Listen ! Past | (was-were J+ ving (playing) | (was /were }enot+w+ing | (was/were)+ Jee Ve ing Continuous saints - uu ai |!Was playing at Glast day. | Iwasn’t playing at Glast day. | Were you playing at 6 last day? co While (As) “S:- When = ~All (day-night) (017 pss!) Js at 6:00 yesterday Present Perfect ee (have /has )+V3 (played) | have just played tennis. (have /has}+ not + V3 (played) | haven't played tennis. yet. (have /has )+ Jeu + v3 ? Have you played yet? aus just - already - ever - never - for - since- yet - several times - so far - lately - recently Present Perfect Continuous ae (have / has ) + been + Ving Ihave been playing for 2 hours, (have /has}+ not + beent Veing Uhaven’t been playing . (have /has)+ EUs beens V+ ing Have you been playing wu. ? Past Perfect Sia had +{ V3) ( played / gone ) thad played tennis. hadn't + (V3) (played/ gone ) Ihadn’t played tennis . had + eti+ (V3) (played)? Had you played tennis ? mas (After-As soon as }/ (Till- Until )/ (Before - By the time ) He plays football . He played football . » eal Bally baad @ aa G5 EL (Wy Aly GLE A) pw LSAT gm EE «(Verb to Do ty pally col i Jail) jase paki ) anal palally yall 6 laa aid He didn’t He doesn't play football . Examples play football . Does he play football 7 Did he play football 7 eos oBEDCECEsEoEoUoE!Sapnsll @ plead Ge 5 100 c>@ live ——» lives Do play ig0;, = gon, don't live Watch __.watches play Does go try ——+ tries live study ——*studies doesn't go Yes, .....(dofdoes ) play ——~ plays don’t / doesn’t ) \ | \ We We we You You tint. you + inf. They They they eel eel one He He he She \@&S> She ED she + inf. It it ‘+ inf ‘it sis el 2k pl pee! lusually go to school. I don’t goto school . Ali plays football. Ali doesn’t play football. They ride bikes. They don’tride bikes . My sister reads stories. _| My sister doesn't read stories. Do you goto school ? Yes, | do. | No, | don’t. Does Ali play football ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’ What do they ride ? They ride bikes. What does your sister read ? She reads stories . pill g leaall aj le Dial cus 4 Always tis -usually 5- sometimes Usi -often WE Every / Each (day-week- month- year...) ~ Lusuially go te the park The sun rises inthe east . My father works in an office. x: When | travel to Paris, will see Eiffel Tower. fe dom / scarcely f rarely 1-never 13) (Boe set — seed — pi) dS ae (1 Baa (1 se iaa (Pr Tree ae Onl Ce pl aha yg oy byl Jedal) psbnad aeoCoocoCoseoeUCrsEONoELECoCoEoEEeCCoFEEOEOESwatch —» live ——> study __,. play ——» go ——> see ——> —+didn’t watch didn’t live didn’t study didn’t play didn’t go didn’t see (did ) . ( dicin’t ) have / has —> drink sing become write get speak fly draw sleep had drank sang became wrote got spoke flew drew slept ate do! does tell ring come ride give fall break blow feel make did told rang came rode gave fell broke blew felt made I went to school yesterday. Ali played football . They rode bikes last week. My father traveled, last year. Ididn’t go to school. Ali dicin’t play football . They didn’tride bikes . My father didn’t travel last year. Did you go to schoo! ? Yes, | did. / No, I didn’t. Did Ali play football ? ‘Yes, he did . / No, he didn’t . ‘What did they ride? They rode bikes. When did your father travel ? He traveled last year. 2 daa galall Gj Ae Mall Gals) yesterday wai last(day- week -month = year) (usual (dil) «2 -¢ gui pall) (two days~ two Weeks wn...) agO (sum Ge sl— Gn) Se - Inthe past wali - Once iat One day ewe Onceuponatime cigss- In 1990 FU ila tll A sn oF pelt yay Ex: | watched a good film on TV. last night. My friend bought anew last week. ‘My sister swam in the sea three weeks ago. | saw many monkeys when | went tothe zoo. I didn't come because | was ill, BRTRRAVAVABERAVVVVNVT:5 5 5 g 5 sggqroccuccseveocoveves essen eoBoD! The ame simple yal al os will | shall won't / shan’t Yes, .. No = Anat gan ga gal (will) Wi (1, we ) ged (shall ) pital | will come tomorrow . | will travel next week. | won't come tomorrow . | won't travel next week . Will_ you come tomorrow 7 Yes, will ./ No, | won't. When will you travel 7 Viltravel next week . =a + going to + sed + going to + mest J+S+going to +00! I'm going to watch TV today. My friend is going to study . I'm not going to watch TV today. My friend isn't going to study . Are you going to watch TV 7 Yes, !am./ No ,I'mnot. Is your friend going to study 7 Yes, he is ./ No, he isn’t. tomorrow 15 - soon Wa - next ( day - hope! wish gisy/ dy - 5 pel iad) aj gle a hal week - month - year} In the future asad (aad — gph Eset aaa!) dina yi In 2050 Ex; He will travel next week. Ex: | think Ali will come soon, Ex Iwill study English today. 'm hungry. | will have a sandwich. Ex: There are dark clouds . It’s going to rai "m going to study English today. : 43! ce »adl!( will +inf. ) 31 ( be+ going to + inf, ) piSiniy< Ex: After | finish university ,1 wili have ajob. When ya . (will ) 14 ( bee + Ayal ia Ex: If we boil water ,it turns into steam at Bay Spe da Ce et (wll Ff) eet Gad aj pas OF ppl pa et Gente J Ge spell apa Sia aj pda + going to + inf, ) passa Ds any se pel g fal a5 pS ly fhe lg ny dap el Gj pa go to Paris, I'm going to buy a new car. CH spl a ein Gj pain Yd (willturn ) dso) Som {Seni G5 GE) LEI & pall (am/islare + + ing ) Ea oO Ex: My father has got a ticket. He is traveling next week. So NNVUURTNAVNVNN TE VELVVVVAVVEVVRVUVAVAVaVUVVRVBVaVAVVVUNNt i Z 5 i i i 5 5 5; i 5 5 ; ; Z Yes, ..( am/is/ are). No, ... (am not /isn’t/ aren't ). the sae sega You You ‘They They They oe ote ted 'm eating fish now. tam not eating fish . ‘Are you eating fish ? ‘Yes,I.am., 1 No, I'm not . Look! Ali is playing football. | Ali isn’t playing football . Is Ali playing football ? ‘Yes,he is. / No, he isn't. They aren’t singing. ‘Are they singing ? Listen ! They're singing . Yes, they are . No, they aren't . "'mnot studying now. ‘What are you doing now ? ttm. studying now I'm studying now. + gateaall @ foal Ga} ye Mt) clade now ci!- at the moment tnasyi- Look! Listen! acui- today esl! This ( day—weel gseit—ey)T- at the present time — Aalicigt Bequiet! — & wal. Be carefull mcs ipa Sas) ( MBs) M1 Gaasy Jab ge pat gba Gj sas Ex: 1)My father is reading a newspaper at the moment. 2) Look ! My friend is climbing atree. 3) We are having exams this week. 1p Manah Satay Gab Oe panna @ ada aj sae Ex: Air pollution is increasing very fast. - 3 (ling ee ease) Bch a gf askin gl otey ¥ Balin any like / love ws- see ys -hear gus - have Sty think/ believe tu-feel a4 - understand si - prefer Jai - hope / wish i - seem/appear sv- smell --taste Ss sound “nec s- want s»- need cls - know dx- cost iy - own iw atl g Jalal Son ob gatas ( apo ab an ged ) ai) abl Upean Jial ole Ex: I hear aloud sound now . pian g faa yaa pak 9 ay ayn Li CS Ex: The food tastes delicious. (#2 Gs) / The cook is tasting the food now. ( 24a 29) EDNRENNBANVNODERREBUBDODOUAVUREBDEEAVVANDDED WRRBVRVAVEAVVVVVVEAR!was! were wasn't / weren't he see We We You You ‘They ‘They They ee we oe ‘was eating fish at 6:00 Twasn't eating fish at 6:00 Were you eating fish? yesterday . yesterday. ‘Yes, was. / No,I wasn’t . Ali was playing football . All wasn't playing football . Was Ali playing football 7 ‘Yes,he was. / No,he wasn't. They were singing . They weren't singing . Were they singing. ? ‘Yes, they were . INo, they weren't. ppd pbb Ga gle Uhl) cht at 6:00 yesterday Gas! duiull deLu!-allday yesterday Gai psi dish - While /As tay -When tae typi gd cone Cy ogb pas 8 Sa op pall pL 5 yas My father was sleeping_at 12:00 last night . It was raining all night yesterday. While | was walking, | met my friend . When I saw Ali, he was playing football While As 4» = - When eel, << While | As, ————+ uu pots My father came while | was studying. /While | was studying, my father came . Peele ¢—___________ When i ing my bike when | fell down./ When | fell down,1 was riding my bike. | fell down when I was riding my bike . pclae peal pal cya gh pall lll a psn ol ag ( Whom ) ay Lal pala tla On} phd (While As ) r€ cathe Le ey al pall Lt gh fa jane LS in Ge ty pl lll Atal BL a} pall SN oll FG pane ie BU GIS —x : While | was studying, my sisters were playing .have ——+(’ve) has __,(’s) have / has played haven't / hasn't played have / has lived haven't / hasn't lived Yes, ... (have /has ) have /has gone haven't /hasn’t gone No, ... ( haven't /hasn’t ) ' I We We You You haven't +P. They They eet eet He He She ‘She + PP It It ya pl sl pl Uhave already studied. | Ihaven’t studied yet. Have you already studied ? ‘Yes, 1 have ./ No,! haven't. My father has just gone out. | My father hasn't gone out yet, Has your father gone out ? Yes, he has../ No, he hasn't. Have gone/ Have been Have gone ——* (went but didn’t return) ae aly cad Ex : My father has gone to Paris . (He is still in Paris ) Have been ——»(went and returned ) se scad Ex : My father has been to Paris . (He isn't in Paris now ) 1p plall g jlaaall Ga 5 le Dial) Guls) g just Ys. already dail - for jul - since i. ever ddui- never isi - yet oN gis 80 far / up till now Mga» lately/recently thy iii several/manytimes sae cia pe 9 CANIS g gal gf (gil gh HDB fl 9 cpl (gb em Case Ge sylll G43 Nia pity Ex: Ihave lived in Cairo forsix years. Ihave not visited him since 1995 . She has written three letters just now . He has made a great progress in the project. Ihave washed my car. ( It looks lovely now ) He is very hungry . He hasn’t eaten anything since morning .Time Words Just ‘6 already Jay PODBB ESSE DADOBSPESSoEDSEBESEDESDODOEDED! (500) i yetlls avel has GH OMY! f apashini CF oh ASM) JNuall already pained Gl Sy alah glad) O05 gle Atal citalsti He has just /al jady gone out. Have you already studied your + ( Saal sgh 4S | econ 2 ever daca | ( Stil ci: pail 5 Jetill ow) Jt! A ever piSini | -This is the best meal I've ever never si Gail ae 8 pain’ 9) eaten. -Have you ever been toParis? (over Je ge a1) Gia 45 i never iia | No, Ihave never been to Paris. S( never )J# not (n't ) psn «| Yes,lwent there last year. etl Sj le hy CALM Watt 5h Peper reer ee) yet eM gis Ait gi elglttl Jaatl Lys Gd yet pita «| Have you finished yet ? No ,| haven't finished yet . Since 6:00 Since Monday Since 2003 Since yesterday Since last ( day/ week / month / year ) Since last decade Since last century Since my birthday Since World war Il Since morning Since he came For an hour( one hour )/two hours For aday ( one day ) / two days For five years . For aday ( one day ) . For a ( day/ week / month / year ) For ten years For 100 years For alongtime yh sa For ages thle dal For a while / amoment =i For aminute #3 1 (WA SIN AY) fata ej Saad ( For ) ay Ex:lhave known him for along time . pans oaj pHi ( Since )y 4 Ex: I have known him since 1995 i & 5 g | 5 g B i | a a ‘ gle +—— (Since) ——> Hae tle have Known him since we were children. Thaven't seen him since he traveled . (Since) = ——+» Dw ple pig be Since he traveled ,| haven'tseen him. . . g =(Since ) a3 de Ag Aina aj pdt hay pita taj hoe Geis «|B gta ~«——— ( Since) ——+ oS ghee : Ex: He has missed alot of things since he has traveled abroad . (He /s still abroad) a ( How long ) i (Since, For) ce Js 4 i Ex: How long have you visited Paris ? g Ihave visited Paris for several times . g Ihave visited Paris since 1998. 5 Oy i SUSOOU OSES SSOOEBE Es CoCooBEoLOoDEDDEoUECOUEOEECECCoCooOOoORi H 3 i i 5 5 5 5 i 5 5 Z hadn't played played had lived hadn't lived GC). lived had gone hadn't gone gone Yes, ... (had )/ No, .. (hadn't) Thad done my homework. | !hadn’t done my homework . | Had you done your homework ? Yes ,! had./ No, !hadn't. GN pala Ga j gle ALAN Cals) after =) -as soon as di! ,w-till / until 4- No sooner citay- hardly! scarcely 4p.0)/ 19) before / by the time Ji- when las bagilall A alas Jd sida yo sul pl pala Gaj pain Ex: He was hungry because he hadn't eaten his breakfast . He hadn't eaten his breakfast so he was hungry. Ifound the key which | had lost. Ihad hardly/ scarcely dene my homework when I went to the club. Hardly / Scarcely had ! done my homework when | went to the club . Ihad no sooner done my homework than | went tothe club. No sooner had | done my homework than | went tothe club . 1 (Said! told ) mabe co9Ss Jil Jay phlye ill IS pb ile dala) gs yall All pialall Ga j pain Ex : He told me that he had done his homework. 3 : 3 i a 3 i i 3 3 3 3 3 i 5 i i {had + PLP ) oS pols a Gilg After - As soonas - Till/Until- Nosooner- — Hardly/ Scarcely After my father had got money , he bought anew car. My father bought anew car after he had got money. After cca ‘ pe pie dae pl -—_——_ After ee =(had + PP ) a gpa tnsnyy (didn’t + staal) le tay aie patina (Till Until) J My father dicin’t buy a new car till /until he had got money. lang ity Ej dk Before By the time Ex: Before my father bouight anew car , he had got money. My father had got money before he bought anewcar. Before ——_____»+ Fay ple ‘ 2 ceil Mye — @ Before, ——____» hana ite yall) aioli ual pial padi o! oy ( When ) ay When had finished my homework ,1 went to the club . When | went tothe club 1 had finished my homework . Aida Salat Se clans AS gb byl oda a} labial Oey daly Ex:| waited till the train came./ After I studied ,1 went out.: 3 ; 5 3 Z : i 5 5 : ; Z be + V3 ppssied Sack dell agey a be , being, been 5 pnd Lal & Jbl Gj am / is / are 1 psd pe pill a5 was / were FAB yh gst ( Passive ) Uemel al ix ( Active ) pba gle ce dye! Jel dapat (Ste dail ay agate Dal Gas) Sed gma all Ae dll Lnette Read nj ald (Verb tobe ) oss Ju pat SO is pat A gD al a \ pai i 1 lay oy (ry ) oe ign Jeti ga € a 9 Ta gs gh US png Had gh 5805 gl tbls dit 1.9) a Verb to be Ubuine < | =a Sa SR SE | was, were: Past Simple el pth shall be. will be Future Simple pel Gaia am being, is being, are being Present Continuous >i ¢ A! | was being, were being Past Gontinuous —_>neal! alal has been, have been Present Perfect Spat f had been Past Perfect a saa | ‘can be, could be, may be, might be, must be, ought to be Modal Verbs akan gain Examples Ali writes letters everyweek . Letters are written (by Ali) everyweek. She wrote a letter vesterds Aletter was written (by her ) yesterday. Saif will buy acar next vear. Acar will be boualht (by Saif) nextvear. Khaled is hetbina Ahmed now. Ahmed is beina helped ( by Ali) now. She has already eaten the apple. The apple has already been eaten. You should study vour lessons . Your lessons should be studied . Causative 41) wale ) til + have ( Sai) 2) un) 4 Up We qa ae Saale Saal el usa My sister makes me cake. | | have cake made. ‘My sister will make I'll have cake made. me cake. My sister made me cake, | [had cake made, My sister has just | Ive just had cake made me cake. made. My sister's making me Vim having cake My sister hadmade | Ihadhad cake made. cake. made. me cake. My sister was making me | Iwas having cake My sister's going to _| I'm going to have cake cake. made. make me cake. made. ©) WEssoUOEoOEoOEsEC COCO EOR! 1" 5 i i z i :ff Adjectives cliffs Taye Singular [cactus | Oasis | criterion | curriculum [formula | bureau Plural | cacti Oases| criteria curricula | formulae/ | bureaus/ formulas | bureaux deer , fish , sheep (gap a shall) th sled aie 5 5 5 5 : 5 5 5 5 f 5 i dcecoooeooEEECooEoD, MACHA ARERR ERASE ‘werw.modrsbook.com UsS.ga gt1p BLAM pla) Gay lla man Ja, | men Jes woman sll | women hs child Jib | children Jul person vast | people (persons) ot / ui foot + | feet ai tooth ix. | teeth gual goose +55 | geese as Ox v# | Oxen os mouse Ja | mice ola louse as | fice Js Hasina plan sh bas diya Co pad elaal ty (a, an) Wb ect Ys (es) si(s)Winiy < flour oe food pale oil “33 rain oe g| salt a fish ae blood e steel = i butter 23 | chicken | cet | music we» | grass we g sugar cal water tle hair = wood pe 3 rice ja tea | knowledge | im sand oy £) bread pes coffee 348 | information| Suse. | gold at B| cheese | os juice — furniture | <2, | glass ges Z meat a milk os ‘snow - ice a paper gas 3 adel Chiles Gis Sipe! pa pL Gee Z Ex: Water is important for our growth. z Milk has proteins. = Rap alas Jaay Ab agin 5A pall JB Ast ie JS CLS caday JE y Ex: Two cups of tea are not enough for me. Five liters of oil do not operate this machine. g sessEeososeoOoEOU ELE Reman ‘wrw.modirsbook.com WHUSUEsoCoooBUEEOoEOoEoECOoCOoEoOENNNNHNRARAARAARAANVAnaAoanaananongaanaanannl ainaiian [aT] plural ei Uncountable =. 5a aati (water , tea , coffee .....) Alan (one ) two/ three ... / Both The The The Every Each [AN ET most eo All 7 most ku Each boy plays soccer. Alot of ( lots of)/ Alot of (lots of)/ Each plays soccer. Plenty Beni Every boyplays soccer. some au J any ol some w=] any sl each psini cl Sy Lil ay | enough Pad enough Pia Ll aia el Se pn a ey feel ae Ay 4 3d every many /more / several / anumber of 2s much / more /a great deal of a quantity of /a mount of /a Afew/ few/fewer JS | bit of. Alittle / little Fess Ji (some) ai (any ) tt (ied er ee) Se Ihave some books. Tdon't have any books. Do you have any books ? “eal Sos A (any | ''dlike some juice . Twouldn’t like any juice . Would you like some juice ? Iwant some milk. Idon't want any milk . Can Ihave some milk ? aes STF (some) Si (many / much fa lot of ) e's! ( alotof ) (many / much) (many f much ) Jia Thave a lot of books - Idon’t have many books. | Do you have many books ? Vdlike alot of juice. Iwouldn’t like much juice . | Would you like much juice ? ‘too many /too much (too ) US SA A (many much ) Ss ke Demonstrative adjectives $33) tie Sy Se Examples 4| This| These | This is my book./ These are my shoes. =| That| Those | That bird in the sky is flying fast. Another / Other s.81/ ss! ae [eal Sie Examples another = boys/ others | Other Twant another cup. | Other people disagree. The other (boy) | The other boys/ The other | Where's the other boy? The others Where are the other boys ? each other ) +52 sali G39 Ge GEN), S45 each other G5) Gus One another G5) ov i i 5 3 g