Banasthali Vidyapith

Faculty of Mathematics and Computing

Department of Mathematics & Statistics
COURSE HANDOUT ONLINE TEACHING

Semester: Second Semester Session: January-May, 2021

Course Title: Differential Equations Course No.: MATH 104

Contact Hours: 45 Contact Hours: 3 Classes/week of duration 1.10 hrs

each
MSC* In-charge: Dr. Abhishek Singh

Time Table

Faculty Name Venue Course Time Table

& Section (Day and Time)
Dr. Abhishek Singh PM-109(1) Wednesday-Friday
(Sections - A) 09.00 AM-10.10 AM
Dr. Abhishek Singh PM-109(2) Saturday- Monday
(Sections - B) 09.00 AM-10.10 AM

Learning Outcomes:
 Identify the type of a given differential equation and select and apply the appropriate
analytical technique for finding the solutions.
 Student will be able to solve first order differential equations utilizing the standard
techniques for separable, exact, linear, homogeneous, or Bernoulli cases.
 Create and analyze mathematical models using first order differential equations to
solve application problems.
 Determine solutions to the linear and nonlinear ordinary differential equations of first
order and second degree.
 Determine the complete solution of differential equation with constant coefficients by
variation of parameters.
 Evaluate the Laplace and Inverse Laplace transform of functions of one variable.

Scope and Objective of the Course:

The course is devoted to the solution of the linear and nonlinear ordinary differential
equations of first and second order. In this course, students also learn Laplace transform. The
course matter has many applications in several fields. This course develops the problem-
solving skills of students.

Course Content:

Unit 1 Solution of differential equation of the first order and first degree, Solution of
differential equation of the first order and any degree, Applications of first order
differential equations.
Unit 2 Singular solutions & extraneous loci, trajectories of a family of curves, orthogonal
trajectories.
Unit 3 Linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Homogeneous linear
differential equations.
Unit 4 Linear differential equations of second order: The complete solution in terms of
known integral, Method of removal of first derivative (or reduction to normal form
or change of dependent variable), Transformation of equations by changing the
independent variables, Method of variation of parameters.
Unit 5 Laplace transform: Definition, Laplace transform of certain elementary functions,
change of scale property, First and second translation properties, Laplace transform
of derivatives. Inverse Laplace transform: Definition, change of scale property, First
and second translation properties, inverse Laplace transform of derivatives.

Text/Reference Books:

Text Books:

T1. M.D. Raisinghania and R.S. Aggarwal, Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations,
S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi, 2ed edition, 1983.

T2. I.N. Sneddon, The Use of Integral Transforms, McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1974.

Reference Books:
R1. J.L. Bansal and H.S. Dhami, Differential Equations-Vol. I, Jaipur Publishing House,
5th edition, 2009.

R2. S.P. Goyal and A.K. Goyal, Integral Transforms, JPH, First edition, 2005.

R3. F. Ayres, Theory and Problems of Differential equations, McGraw Hill Book
Company, Singapore, 1st edition 1972.

Suggested E-learning material:

1. Separable, homogeneous, exact, Linear differential equations, Laplace transform
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/122104018/7
2. Open course in Differential Equations (All topics)
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/111106100/
3. Open course in Differential Equations (All topics) https://swayam.gov.in/course/3787-
differential-equations
4. Second order linear differential equation with constant coefficient
https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-03sc-differential-equations-fall-2011/
5. Laplace transform https://www.math.ust.hk/~machas/differential-equations.pdf

Course Plan:
Unit 1

Lect. Learning Objective Topics to be Covered Text. Book No.

No.
T1 (Chapter 1
1 Introduction to Differential Definition, types, order, degree, types of Exercise 1A
Equations solution, formulation only)
R1 (Chapter 1)
Methods of solution:
2-9 Differential Equations of first 1. Separation of variables T1
order and first degree (linear) 2. Homogeneous equations
3. Linear Differential equations R1
4. Exact equations
5. Integrating factor
6. Geometrical meaning of first order
and first degree differential
equation and applications
Methods of solution:
10-12 Differential Equations of first 1. Equations solvable for p T1
 order and any degree 2. Equations solvable for x
(nonlinear) 3. Equations solvable for y R1
4. Clairaut’s form
5. Lagrange’s form

Unit-2

Lect. Learning Objective Topics to be Covered Text. Book No.

No.
Envelope of a family of curves,
12-13 Singular solutions c-discriminant, p-discriminant, T1
determination of singular solutions R1
Definition,
14-15 Extraneous loci Tac, Node and Cusp locus, T1
Finding Extraneous loci R1

Definition, Trajectories of a family of

16-18 Trajectories curves, orthogonal trajectories, self T1
orthogonal trajectories R1
(in cartesian and polar co-ordinates)

Unit-3

Lect. Learning Objective Topics to be Covered Text. Book No.

No.
Linear differential equations Determination of complementary
19-26 with constant coefficients function (C.F.), Particular Integral T1
(P.I.), Short methods of finding P.I., R1
Method of undetermined coefficient

26-28 Homogeneous linear Definition, Methods of solution T1

differential equations R1

Unit-4

Lect. Learning Objective Topics to be Covered Text. Book No.

No.
29-30 Linear differential equations of The complete solution in terms of
second order known integral T1
R1

31-33 Method of removal of first derivative T1

(or reduction to normal form or change R1
of dependent variable)
34-35 Transformation of equations by T1
changing the independent variables R1

36 Method of variation of parameters T1

R1

Unit-5

Lect. Learning Objective Topics to be Covered Text. Book No.

No.
37 Laplace transform Definition, Laplace transform of certain T2
 elementary functions
38-39 Change of scale property, First and T2
second translation properties
40-41 Laplace transform of derivatives T2
42-43 Inverse Laplace transform Definition, change of scale property, T2
First and second translation properties
44-45 Inverse Laplace transform of T2
derivatives

Evaluation Scheme:
In this course (paper), a student will be evaluated out of 100 marks. Out of which 60 marks
would be for end semester examination; and 40 marks would be of continuous assessment
(two periodical tests and two assignments).

Component Marks Submission Allotment

Date
Home assignment I 10 27 Feb. 2021 Topics shall be allotted in
the class by 20 Feb. 2021
Periodical test I 10 3-8 March 2021 --
Home assignment 10 10 April 2021 Topics shall be allotted in
II the class by 2 April 2021
Periodical test II 10 17-24 April
2021
Semester 60 4-19 July 2021
Examination

NOTE:
1. All online classes will be taken through Google meet (only registered students will be
allowed to enter in the Google meet), the link of each class will be shared on Google class
room.
2. A Google classroom will created and all the registered students will be allowed to admit in
that classroom. This class room will be for- uploading related study material, assignments
and make announcements. A student is required to be in active attendance in all the classes. It
is her duty to submit the assignments, participation in tests, quizzes and other components of
evaluation on the schedule dates and time.

Consultation:

Question/quarry/problems will be resolved on their google class room or at the time of

scheduled class interaction on google meet.

Dated: 15.01.2021 Dr. Abhishek Singh