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# lutesheet-1Block Reduction Method)

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1. Find the ratio cls)/Rs) of the &ystem.

c(3)
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K

K
r

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R

R
-Cls)
L+Ggt 1+G3ti

G, 62G3
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C's)
RS)
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cs)

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K

K
4 G H
G.Ga03
4
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cs)
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3.Deternine TF C/R.
4G
R
GsGc)
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Ha aftes C3. And
23hi4 take off pointo Simplily Seies

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Connechon Ga Gs

R
Simphy eedback ommmei

Gis G3
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124G,0,HTCs)
cLs)
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4i2)Simplify the series Cohencho

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Ga G3
K

K
(G) Simpity the inner feedback coTnection.
r

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R
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4+G,G2 G
H, 1+ G
GyHy+G,Gs
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4+GaGHs G
R

R
) Simpli}y feedback connection,
G, G, G3
4+ G,GrHa+ G, GsH;

RS
4+ G,G,H, +G,GM,
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G,GaG3
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R()
Gu

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4. Find c/R.
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K
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Sol7*
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i) Simplity parallel connection Gu

Gs, Grs. Also simplty feedback
connection
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G,
andH Rt
R

GD Simplity serieg
G
Connection of ,H(G: G+GutGs) Block
Ga(Gat GutGy)
1+G,Hi
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i2) Simphfy feeo back cornection , nAler dhat cas cade

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Block. it
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ees G
Ga(Gy +G,G)

R
c's)

R
G,G:(Ayt G,+ Gg)
CL)

2 Determine TF
CVe, , Ca/e.
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TE C/R,, Co/k,
) Case
I- Consider Rp-t
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dgnore Ca

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K

K
r

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G
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cls)

d) Simpi}y
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o
Seaies connectron
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R

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Hence

Gi) Janore 4 (Gr)Simplity series Connechio

|C., M:),G3
G
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H
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4-G.G,H,ha
K

K
Hence,
back
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Case 1: onsi der R=0 ) lgnore Cp
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-R,G,G,
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Hence,
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313)\ 3implify feedback connection.

R
(Gv) Sinply feed back connecion
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4-H,HG,G

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K

K
Tutesheet-2[Signal Flow Graph
F Find
r

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1. TE
So' RÍ)
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StepdNumber of for ward paths-2
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Ha TG
R

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P;G,G,G,s
StepP Number of Tndividual loops-3
La -Ga Gzts Ly
-GsHs Ly= -Hsbs
Step 3+ Number ofpnon -touching loops
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Step 4
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A=4-(-H,G, -G, Gy, Hy - G

H)+ (G,G, H,Hs + Gy GiyogHs
H)

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K

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r

G.G,GaGu Gs + G,G,Gu Gs
r
de

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T=
in

in

+HsG
6,
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RlS) Soc(s)
R

bg

Step 1 Number of forwavd poths =3

Step 2+ Number of individual lopg 2

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Step 3-Vumber pair of hon- touching loops - O

R
T

,- 1, A, -4, g1
T= Sb, + Sbs +bs Sb, +S bat bs
1+ & Sls+sa, + >)
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3.. Find TE
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G2 G3
Step 1 Number of
forward paths=2

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A= G,G,Gs Pp= G4
K

K
Step 2: Number of îndividual loops-4
r

r
de

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L,= -H, L-H,, Lg=-G, H, Ly= -GQyHy
Step3: Num bes o pairs o non-toUching rops
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Step 4:
R

R
T=

G,G,Ga t Gu t Gyt, Gul, + GuhM

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4. Find TE
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Step 1: Number of forward pelhse 3 Ro oC

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P,= 1-2. 4. 4 = 8,
P,=13- 4-4 - 42, Py+4 54 - 203
K

K
r

Step 2: Number of individual loops 3 r

de

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L,=59:C2)=-40 ka- 2.4. (-p) - -t6 Ay3-4.6-2) PY
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Step 3: Number of pair o non touchi g lcps = O

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StepH: AL 1+40 +16 +a4 -21

A
R

81 81
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utesheet-3[Routh Hurwitz Stability Crétert)

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d. A unity feedback control system is described by chara
cterishc eguation. Determine stability:
(a) s+2s + 3s + 4s + 5 =o
3 Number df sign change -2
Hence, System is unstable.
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5

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(b) 2s* + + + = O
2s' S 20
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a small humbe
s2 POSubstitute 4ve
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in place o as ist elemet
s1
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Lets s now ex amint te sigh ehange
Lim E-RO Lim 4- 20e
S •
Numbe» sign change= 2

Hence, unstabe.
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s4 -2

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K

K
4 -3 -4 - 3s
•A(s)- s -4
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dA(S)
dS 4S-65
in

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put A(s)=o tos o cation o pol s

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S-166
R

s
put C
S-4
These is change in sign.
Demaj mig two poles lie in
-4)(+) =o
KHP. Mence Unstabe
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R

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s4 820 16
12 16
12 46
dA

46 as
At A()o and sed s'
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SI16 &21+16-o
9y+81+451 160
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ea e is no chanqe h
oSince
th Ral+4) Mo+)=
+

column. Theveose semajnirg

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1s+
to
K

K
P
paler lie in

stable s=-u,-2
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S=*{2,j2
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2 For condt ion of slability for 4he system:
in

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F(s)= S +
20S+ 224S + 1240S + p400 + K o
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So]4 224 PY00+K
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S20 1940
24004K
662YIRMO)-20o41)
S 112
S
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Pol2400 t< 16Rxpuo

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p4004 K<10,0

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K<7644
K

K
olso a4o 0+K0
r

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Mence ron ebi khy is
-u00< k<761
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(i9 o
anqinal Stability Make row corresponding to odt
o
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powe
row 162x )P40-20(24oo t)
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Take S'
)62
J4004K=|0,044
K= 764y
sus tain ed osll atoh
o0 16pg? + o => 162 S= -to,044-> S=-62
AlS) (2400 K=
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Mehte reg
uiey adSec.
0d/see
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3. The open loop transfer unetion o unity ed bach

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System is. G()
S(S+3)(s²+3 +) Find value of k that oil)
Cause sustained oscillalions inclosed loop system. find Areg
o osical lctie,

Sol CE: 4+ a(s)(s)

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1+k
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S(S+S'+s41)

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>(S+3s) (s+s +
)+k=o s+ + '+ 3s3+ 3s² + 3s 4 k
K

K
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o 03
S Sustained
coTes po nding to odd
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is 2es0,
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13/4 Hake 2es0
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S'34k15/4 4K= 34yk= 3
T6
S
K
k= 9.457s)
equenty of sustoined escilatio ng
fo 13S²+ 4(9437 5) =b
Al) 13 3* + K =o =)
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S9.7S
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13
0354037 844 nad/sec

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Hence 4regueney E
.366
K

K
4. Determine the range of K which cause sustained
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r
de

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oscillotions and find freguency oscillahions. of

S+ k+ o.5) ² + 4KS + S0=o

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sustained oseillatons mal

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Yk For
corresponding to odd
R

S K+ D.5 50 ze
4K42K-50
powes oSto
K0S
S 50
freguency sf oseillatons.
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Fox
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MK+2k 50=o = K+ K- 25= 0

R
901
k1tJ'4(:)(-35) -4

-14 14.17 -15.17

-3.792S
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o sdabilikyK> 3.92S 33
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tor sustain d oséalations

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(K+ 0.5) 5 + 5D=O
K

K
3.8 S*
= -
50 =) s²-50 -3./57
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3.9
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S=t3.627257
6379579/74908 Nad/sec
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Co = 3.

+ 0, Delesmine the anqe o k

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S+ 20ks + 53+ 10S 15=
stasle
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to which system is o
slability o syst em
5 15
4 column
SPOk 40 sho uld have sane sign.
60K -
S |4b0K-16 36ok 10 o) P000kbOK
ROK POK
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|K>01
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SI 30OK

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also -k0oo <2+ oo|
K

K
- 6oo0
K*tS0
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>120k3-1ok 41 < 0 -600k3 +50K - 5 >

KK-0.1 2243 o7 6.6147 + 6.o5 3i on o.061 47 - o. os 47

in

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K