ZXWR RAN V409R1 Advanced Feature Description

ZXWR RAN V409R1
Advanced Feature Description

ZXWR RAN V409R1 Advanced Feature Description
Version Date Author Approved By Remarks
V409R1 2009-02-18 Not open to the Third Party
© 2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be
disclosed or used without the prior written permission of ZTE.
Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information of the document is
subjected to change without notice.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Service and Radio Access Bearers .......................................................................... 1

1.1 ZWF21-02-020 WB-AMR Speech Support .................................................................. 1
1.2 ZWF21-02-022 PS Signalling RAB for IMS ................................................................. 2
1.3 VoIP Package .............................................................................................................. 3
1.3.1 ZWF21-02-021 PS Conversational RAB for VoIP ....................................................... 3
1.3.2 ZWF23-02-005 PS Conversational RAB for VoIP over HSDPA.................................. 4
1.3.3 ZWF25-02-005 PS Conversational RAB for VoIP over HSUPA.................................. 5
2 Radio Network Functionality ..................................................................................... 5

2.1 Connection Management............................................................................................. 5
2.1.1 ZWF21-01-009 SIB11bis ............................................................................................. 5
2.1.2 ZWF21-01-020 High Speed Signalling RB .................................................................. 6
2.2 Mobility Management ................................................................................................... 7
2.2.1 ZWF21-03-012 Transmitted Power Based Handover ................................................. 7
2.2.2 ZWF21-03-013 Quality Based Handover .................................................................... 8
2.2.3 ZWF21-03-021 Hierarchical Cell Structures ................................................................ 8
2.2.4 ZWF21-03-022 IMSI based Handover ......................................................................... 9
2.3 Radio Resource Management ................................................................................... 10
2.3.1 ZWF21-04-005 AMR Rate Controlling ....................................................................... 10
2.3.2 ZWF21-04-022 Frequency Priority ............................................................................ 11
2.3.3 ZWF21-04-024 User Differentiated Power Control ................................................... 12
2.4 QoS Guarantee .......................................................................................................... 13
2.4.1 ZWF21-05-020 RAB Negotiation & Re-negotiation ................................................... 13
2.4.2 ZWF21-05-022 Service-Based Handover ................................................................. 14
2.4.3 ZWF21-05-023 RAB Queuing.................................................................................... 15
2.4.4 ZWF21-05-024 Video Call Fallback to Speech ......................................................... 16
2.5 User Plane Process ................................................................................................... 17
2.5.1 ZWF21-06-020 Robust Header Compression ........................................................... 17
2.6 Location Service ........................................................................................................ 18
2.6.1 ZWF21-10-001 Cell ID Positioning ............................................................................ 18
2.6.2 ZWF21-10-002 AGPS................................................................................................ 19
2.6.3 ZWF21-10-003 Emergency Call Re-direct to GSM ................................................... 20
2.6.4 ZWF21-10-004 LCS Classified Zones ....................................................................... 21
2.7 RAN Management ..................................................................................................... 22
2.7.1 ZWF21-20-014 MRR ................................................................................................. 22
2.7.2 ZWF21-20-015 OCNS ............................................................................................... 23
2.7.3 ZWF21-20-016 Video Call Prohibited in Specific Area .............................................. 24
2.7.4 ZWF21-20-017 Intelligent Carrier Power Off/On ....................................................... 24
2.8 Enhanced RAN Functionality ..................................................................................... 25
2.8.1 ZWF21-30-021 Iu Flex ............................................................................................... 25
2.8.2 ZWF21-30-026 Neighbouring Cell Monitoring ........................................................... 28
2.8.3 ZWF21-30-200 Multi PLMN Support ......................................................................... 29
2.9 RAN Sharing Introduction Package ........................................................................... 30
2.9.1 ZWF21-30-100 Basic RAN Sharing Support ............................................................. 30
2.9.2 ZWF21-30-101 RAN Sharing with Dedicated Carrier ................................................ 32
2.9.3 ZWF21-30-102 Shared Networks Access Control..................................................... 33
2.10 Radio Part .................................................................................................................. 34
2.10.1 ZWF21-40-005 Multi-RRU for One Cell ..................................................................... 34
2.10.2 ZWF21-40-020 Extended Cell Range to 80Km ......................................................... 35
2.10.3 ZWF21-40-021 Four Antenna Reception .................................................................. 36
2.10.4 ZWF21-40-022 Transmit Diversity............................................................................. 37
2.10.5 ZWF21-40-023 Electrical Tilt Antenna ....................................................................... 39
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2.10.6 ZWF21-40-024 Extended Cell Range to 120Km ....................................................... 41

2.10.7 ZWF21-40-025 Multi-band Support ........................................................................... 41
2.10.8 ZWF21-40-026 High Speed Mobility Access ............................................................. 42
3 Transport Network Functionality ............................................................................ 43

3.1 ATM Package ............................................................................................................ 43
3.1.1 ZWF22-02-001 ATM Transmission stack .................................................................. 43
3.1.2 ZWF22-02-002 PVC Cross Connection .................................................................... 48
3.1.3 ZWF22-02-003 Dynamic AAL2 Connections............................................................. 48
3.1.4 ZWF22-02-004 Permanent AAL5 Connections ......................................................... 49
3.1.5 ZWF22-02-005 AAL2 Quality of Service Separation ................................................. 50
3.1.6 ZWF22-02-006 ATM Link Redundancy ..................................................................... 52
3.1.7 ZWF22-02-008 Inverse Multiplexing over ATM, IMA ................................................ 53
3.2 IP UTRAN FUNCTION PACKAGE ............................................................................ 54
3.2.1 ZWF22-03-001 IP Transmission Stack ...................................................................... 54
3.2.2 ZWF22-03-002 Static Route ...................................................................................... 57
3.2.3 ZWF22-03-014 IP Header Compression ................................................................... 58
3.2.4 ZWF22-03-015 DiffServ ............................................................................................. 59
3.2.5 ZWF22-03-018 BFD for Static Route Redundancy ................................................... 60
3.3 Other Related Function of Transmission Network ..................................................... 60
3.3.1 ZWF22-01-004 Iub Interface via Satellite .................................................................. 60
3.3.2 ZWF22-01-009 DS0 Cross Connection ..................................................................... 62
3.3.3 ZWF22-01-010 IP/ATM Hybrid Transmission............................................................ 63
3.3.4 ZWF22-01-018 Synchronization via Wireline for RNC .............................................. 64
3.3.5 ZWF22-01-019 Synchronization via Wire line for Node B ......................................... 65
3.3.6 ZWF22-01-021 Node B GPS Clock ........................................................................... 65
3.3.7 ZWF22-01-022 RNC GPS Clock ............................................................................... 66
3.3.8 ZWF22-02-051 ATM Over E1 .................................................................................... 67
3.3.9 ZWF22-02-052 ATM over T1 ..................................................................................... 67
3.3.10 ZWF22-02-054 ATM over Optical STM-1/OC-3 ........................................................ 68
3.3.11 ZWF22-02-055 ATM over Channelized STM-1/OC-3 ............................................... 69
3.3.12 ZWF22-02-056 ATM over Fractional E1 .................................................................... 69
3.3.13 ZWF22-02-057 ATM over Fractional T1 .................................................................... 70
3.3.14 ZWF22-02-058 ATM over E3..................................................................................... 71
3.3.15 ZWF22-02-059 ATM over T3 ..................................................................................... 72
3.3.16 ZWF22-03-010 IEEE 1588 ........................................................................................ 72
3.3.17 ZWF22-03-011 VLAN for Node B .............................................................................. 73
3.3.18 ZWF22-03-012 VLAN for RNC .................................................................................. 75
3.3.19 ZWF22-03-016 UDP Mux .......................................................................................... 75
3.3.20 ZWF22-03-017 QoS based Route ............................................................................. 76
3.3.21 ZWF22-03-021 Transmission SLA Monitoring .......................................................... 77
3.3.22 ZWF22-03-051 IP over E1 ......................................................................................... 78
3.3.23 ZWF22-03-052 IP over T1 ......................................................................................... 79
3.3.24 ZWF22-03-053 IP over Electric FE ............................................................................ 80
3.3.25 ZWF22-03-054 IP over Electric GE ........................................................................... 80
3.3.26 ZWF22-03-055 IP over Optical GE ............................................................................ 81
3.3.27 ZWF22-03-057 IP over Optical STM-1/OC-3 ............................................................ 82
3.3.28 ZWF22-03-058 IP over E3 ......................................................................................... 82
3.3.29 ZWF22-03-059 IP over T3 ......................................................................................... 83
3.3.30 ZWF22-03-060 IP over Optical STM-4/OC-12 .......................................................... 84
3.3.31 ZWF22-03-061 IP over Channelized STM-1/OC-3.................................................... 85
3.3.32 ZWF22-03-062 IP over Fractional E1 ........................................................................ 85
3.3.33 ZWF22-03-063 IP over Fractional T1 ........................................................................ 86
4 HSDPA ....................................................................................................................... 87
4.1 HSDPA Introduction Package ................................................................................... 87
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4.1.1 ZWF23-01-001 HSDPA Common Carrier with R99 .................................................. 87

4.1.2 ZWF23-01-003 HSDPA UE Category Support .......................................................... 88
4.1.3 ZWF23-01-011 HSDPA Adaptive Modulation and Coding ........................................ 89
4.1.4 ZWF23-01-012 HSDPA Multiplex .............................................................................. 90
4.1.5 ZWF23-01-013 HSDPA Fast Scheduling .................................................................. 91
4.1.6 ZWF23-01-014 HSDPA HARQ .................................................................................. 93
4.1.7 ZWF23-01-015 HSDPA CQI Adjustment ................................................................... 94
4.1.8 ZWF23-01-021 HSDPA Cell Indicator in Idle Mode .................................................. 95
4.1.9 ZWF23-01-022 HSDPA 1.8Mbps Peak Bit Rate ....................................................... 95
4.1.10 ZWF23-01-023 HSDPA 16 Users per cell ................................................................. 96
4.1.11 ZWF23-02-001 PS Interactive/Background Service over HSDPA ............................ 97
4.1.12 ZWF23-02-002 PS Streaming Service over HSDPA ................................................. 97
4.1.13 ZWF23-02-003 RAB Combination for CS over DCH and PS over HSDPA .............. 98
4.1.14 ZWF23-02-004 RAB Combination for Multiple Packet Data Services over HSDPA . 99
4.1.15 ZWF23-03-001 HS-DSCH serving cell change ....................................................... 100
4.1.16 ZWF23-03-002 HS-DSCH handover to/from DCH .................................................. 101
4.1.17 ZWF23-03-003 HS-DSCH inter-RAT Reselection ................................................... 102
4.1.18 ZWF23-03-004 HSDPA Soft/Softer Handover of A-DPCH ..................................... 102
4.1.19 ZWF23-04-001 Admission Control for HSDPA Service .......................................... 103
4.1.20 ZWF23-04-002 Overload Control for HSDPA Service ............................................ 104
4.1.21 ZWF23-04-003 Load Balance for HSDPA Service .................................................. 105
4.1.22 ZWF23-04-004 Dynamic Channel Type Transfer for HSDPA Service .................... 106
4.1.23 ZWF23-04-005 Power Allocation for HSDPA .......................................................... 107
4.1.24 ZWF23-04-006 Code Allocation for HSDPA............................................................ 108
4.1.25 ZWF23-04-007 Congestion Control Strategy for HSDPA ....................................... 109
4.1.26 ZWF23-05-001 QoS Mapping for HSDPA Service .................................................. 110
4.1.27 ZWF23-05-002 HSDPA Flow Control ...................................................................... 110
4.1.28 ZWF23-05-020 Directed Retry between HS-DSCH and DCH ................................ 111
4.2 Other HSDPA Related Functionality ........................................................................ 112
4.2.1 ZWF23-01-002 HSDPA Dedicated Carrier .............................................................. 112
4.2.2 ZWF23-01-016 HSDPA 16QAM .............................................................................. 113
4.2.3 ZWF23-01-024 HSDPA 3.6Mbps Peak Bit Rate ..................................................... 114
4.2.4 ZWF23-01-025 HSDPA 7.2Mbps Peak Bit Rate ..................................................... 114
4.2.5 ZWF23-01-026 HSDPA 14.4Mbps Peak Bit Rate ................................................... 115
4.2.6 ZWF23-01-027 HSDPA 32 Users per cell ............................................................... 115
4.2.7 ZWF23-01-028 HSDPA 64 Users per cell ............................................................... 116
4.2.8 ZWF23-01-041 HSDPA Downlink Physical channel F-DPCH ................................. 116
4.2.9 ZWF23-01-042 HSDPA HS-DPCCH ACK/NACK enhancement............................. 117
4.2.10 ZWF23-02-013 SRB over HSDPA ........................................................................... 118
4.2.11 ZWF23-03-005 HSDPA over Iur .............................................................................. 118
4.2.12 ZWF23-04-011 Fast Power Congestion Control ..................................................... 119
4.2.13 ZWF23-04-021 Code Sharing between Cells .......................................................... 120
4.2.14 ZWF23-05-003 HSDPA Nominal Bit Rate for I/B Service ....................................... 121
5 MBMS ...................................................................................................................... 121

5.1 MBMS Introduction Package ................................................................................... 121
5.1.1 ZWF24-01-001 MBMS Services .............................................................................. 121
5.1.2 ZWF24-01-002 MBMS Broadcast Mode ................................................................. 122
5.1.3 ZWF24-01-006 Selective and Soft Combining for PTM MBMS .............................. 123
5.1.4 ZWF24-01-007 Frequency Layer Convergence and Dispersion ............................. 124
5.1.5 ZWF24-01-008 Iub Transmission Optimization ....................................................... 125
5.1.6 ZWF24-02-001 MBMS Mobility................................................................................ 126
5.1.7 ZWF24-03-001 MBMS Admission Control .............................................................. 128
5.1.8 ZWF24-03-002 Code Allocation for MBMS ............................................................. 129
5.1.9 ZWF24-03-003 MBMS Power Allocation ................................................................. 130
5.1.10 ZWF24-03-004 Priority Handling for MBMS ............................................................ 131
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5.1.11 ZWF24-03-005 MBMS Overload Control ................................................................ 132

5.2 Other MBMS Related Functionality ......................................................................... 133
5.2.1 ZWF24-01-003 MBMS Multicast Mode ................................................................... 133
5.2.2 ZWF24-01-004 MBMS Scheduling Information ....................................................... 133
5.2.3 ZWF24-01-009 MBMS Enhanced Broadcast Mode ................................................ 134
5.2.4 ZWF24-01-010 MBMS Bearer Type Selection and Transition ................................ 135
5.2.5 ZWF24-01-011 MBMS PTP over HSDPA ............................................................... 136
5.2.6 ZWF24-01-041 MBMS 64Kbps Channel Rate ........................................................ 137
5.2.7 ZWF24-01-042 MBMS 128Kbps Channel Rate ...................................................... 137
5.2.8 ZWF24-01-043 MBMS 256Kbps Channel Rate ...................................................... 138
5.2.11 ZWF24-02-002 MBMS over Iur................................................................................ 139
6 HSUPA ..................................................................................................................... 140

6.1 HSUPA Introduction Package ................................................................................. 140
6.1.1 ZWF25-01-001 HSUPA Common Carrier with R99 ................................................ 140
6.1.2 ZWF25-01-003 HSUPA Cell Indicator in Idle Mode ................................................ 141
6.1.3 ZWF25-01-004 HSUPA UE Category Support ........................................................ 142
6.1.4 ZWF25-01-013 HSUPA Fast Scheduling ................................................................ 143
6.1.5 ZWF25-01-014 HSUPA HARQ ................................................................................ 144
6.1.6 ZWF25-01-021 HSUPA 1.45Mbps Peak Bit Rate ................................................... 144
6.1.7 ZWF25-01-022 HSUPA 16 Users per Cell .............................................................. 145
6.1.8 ZWF25-02-001 PS Interactive/Background Service over HSUPA .......................... 146
6.1.9 ZWF25-02-002 PS Streaming Service over HSUPA ............................................... 146
6.1.10 ZWF25-02-003 RAB Combination for CS over DCH and PS over HSUPA ............ 147
6.1.11 ZWF25-02-004 RAB Combination for Multiple Packet Data Services over HSUPA148
6.1.12 ZWF25-03-001 HSUPA Soft/Softer Handover ........................................................ 149
6.1.13 ZWF25-03-002 E-DCH Serving Cell Change inside Active Set .............................. 150
6.1.14 ZWF25-03-003 E-DCH Intra-Frequency Hard Handover ........................................ 150
6.1.15 ZWF25-03-004 E-DCH Inter-Frequency Hard Handover ........................................ 151
6.1.16 ZWF25-03-012 HSUPA inter-RAT Reselection ....................................................... 152
6.1.17 ZWF25-03-013 Differentiated E-DCH Active Set .................................................... 152
6.1.18 ZWF25-04-001 Admission Control for HSUPA Service .......................................... 153
6.1.19 ZWF25-04-002 Overload Control for HSUPA Service ............................................ 154
6.1.20 ZWF25-04-003 Load Balance for HSUPA Service .................................................. 155
6.1.21 ZWF25-04-004 Congestion Control Strategy for HSUPA ....................................... 156
6.1.22 ZWF25-04-005 Dynamic Channel Type Transfer for HSUPA Service .................... 156
6.1.23 ZWF25-04-006 Power Allocation for HSUPA .......................................................... 158
6.1.24 ZWF25-04-007 Code Allocation for HSUPA............................................................ 159
6.1.25 ZWF25-05-001 QoS Mapping for HSUPA Service .................................................. 160
6.1.26 ZWF25-05-003 Directed Retry between E-DCH and DCH ..................................... 160
6.1.27 ZWF25-05-004 HSUPA Flow Control ...................................................................... 161
6.2 Other HSUPA Related Functionality ........................................................................ 162
6.2.1 ZWF25-01-002 HSUPA Dedicated Carrier .............................................................. 162
6.2.2 ZWF25-01-011 HSUPA 2ms TTI ............................................................................. 163
6.2.3 ZWF25-01-023 HSUPA 2Mbps Peak Bit Rate ........................................................ 164
6.2.4 ZWF25-01-024 HSUPA 5.76Mbps Peak Bit Rate ................................................... 164
6.2.7 ZWF25-02-011 SRB over HSUPA ........................................................................... 166
6.2.8 ZWF25-03-005 HSUPA over Iur .............................................................................. 167
6.2.9 ZWF25-05-002 HSUPA Nominal Bit Rate for I/B Service ....................................... 168
7 HSPA Evolution ...................................................................................................... 168

7.1 R7 HSPA+ ............................................................................................................... 168
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7.1.1 ZWF26-01-001 64QAM for HSDPA ......................................................................... 168

7.1.2 ZWF26-01-002 Improved DL L2 Support ................................................................ 169
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FIGURES and Tables
Figure1 Schematic diagram of the Iu Flex networking .............................................................. 26

Figure2 MOCN network sharing network .................................................................................. 30
Figure3 GWCN network sharing network ................................................................................. 31
Figure4 Dedicated frequency sharing network ......................................................................... 32
Figure5 Mechanism of Four-Antenna Receive Diversity .......................................................... 37
Figure6 Logical Connection of Transmit Diversity .................................................................... 38
Figure7 Electrical Tilt Antenna System ..................................................................................... 40
Figure8 Types of AAL services ................................................................................................. 44
Figure9 ATM protocol stack of IuCS interface .......................................................................... 44
Figure10 ATM protocol stack of IuPS interface .......................................................................... 45
Figure11 ATM protocol stack of Iur interface .............................................................................. 46
Figure12 ATM protocol stack of Iub interface ............................................................................. 47
Figure13 AAL2 QoS differentiation ............................................................................................. 51
Figure14 IP protocol stack on IuCS interface ............................................................................. 55
Figure15 IP protocol stack on IuPS interface .............................................................................. 55
Figure16 IP protocol stack on Iur interface ................................................................................. 56
Figure17 IP protocol stack on Iub interface ................................................................................ 56
Figure18 Iub interface transmission through the satellite ........................................................... 61
Figure19 DS0 cross connection .................................................................................................. 62
Figure20 VLAN tag ...................................................................................................................... 74
Figure21 PPP/MLPPP protocol stack ......................................................................................... 78
Figure22 16 QAM constellation graph ...................................................................................... 113
Figure23 Structure of the HS-DSCH without MAC-c/sh ........................................................... 170
Table 1 Types of Transmit Diversity supported and Physical Channel applied by ZTE ........... 38
Table 2 Definition of 3GPP frequency band ............................................................................. 42
Table 3 HSDPA UE Category Support ..................................................................................... 88
Table 4 HSUPA UE category supported by ZTE .................................................................... 142
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1 Service and Radio Access Bearers

1.1 ZWF21-02-020 WB-AMR Speech Support
Benefits
The feature can provides high quality of voice , Which make the reduction degree of
voice be better and carry out high quality of telephone ,voice and conference video
services..
Description
AMR-WB, which is the abbreviation of “Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband”, is a wideband

voice coding standard adopted both by ITU-T and 3GPP. It is also called G722.2
standard. Since AMR-WB supports 50~7000Hz speech bandwidth and employes 16KHz
sampling, compared with 300~400Hz speech bandwidth and 8KHz sampling that
supported by AMR-NB, users can feel the voice is more natural, comfortable and easier
distinction.
ZTE RAN equipment supports all the nine speech rates of WB-AMR session, that is,
23.85Kbps, 23.05Kbps, 19.85Kbps, 18.25Kbps, 15.85Kbps, 14.25Kbps, 12.65Kbps,
8.85Kbps, and 6.6Kbps, together with the mute rate 1.75 Kbps. The feature also
supports arbitrary combination of above rates. Whether WB-AMR coding is used and
what rates to be used are decided by CN according to user’s signing information and
terminal capability.
The RAB parameters of ZTE RAN equipment, used to bear session AMR-WB
service, follow the definition in the 3GPP TS 34.108.
Keywords
WB AMR, wideband speech, G722.2
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
Configuration Method
The feature, which is an optional function, is controlled by Software License and not
available until acquiring corresponding permission.
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1.2 ZWF21-02-022 PS Signalling RAB for IMS

Benefits
The feature supports signal transmission of IMS system (using SIP or SDP protocol).
Description
The IMS employs the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the Session Description
Protocol (SDP) to control service. As defined in the 3GPP 25.862, the SIP/SDP
exclusively occupies a RAB. The SIP/SDP does not require high bandwidth, which
generally corresponds to 5% of media stream bandwidth. It has certain requirements for
delay and no packet loss is allowed. Therefore, its data transmission model is similar to
that of interactive services. But IMS signaling needs to ensure that there should be
higher QoS priority than other common traffic classes. Besides the four existing traffic
classes, a new traffic class needs to be defined to transmit SIP/SDP signaling. On the
basis of interactive services, the 3GPP has defined a new RAB cell to indicate that this
RAB is SIP signaling. An access network is required to provide higher QoS.
For PS-based voice or video services in the IMS, the UMTS uses an interactive PDP
context and its associated RAB to bear SIP/SDP data stream and uses a session PDP
context and its associated RAB to bear RTP/RTCP data stream. These two PDP
contexts have the relationship between primary activation and secondary activation.
That is, they have the same PDP address. This ensures that signaling flow and media
stream are consistent in IP routing.
UE first initiates the first PDP (main PDP) activation flow. The CN assigns RAB to be an
interactive service and configure signaling indication for it. This indicates that this RAB
bearer is IMS signaling and requires high priority and low delay, but small bandwidth.
Then, UE initiates the second PDP (auxiliary PDP) activation flow. The CN assigns RAB
to be a session service, indicating that RAB bears IMS voice or video packet data
stream and requires high priority and low delay.
The radio parameters of the RAB of ZTE RAN equipment, used to bear interactive
PS signaling services, conform to the interactive service parameters defined in the
3GPP TS 34.108. According to the RAB parameters assigned by the CN, the RNC
judges whether an interactive service is common user data or IMS signaling. If the
interactive service is IMS signaling, the RNC will provide an extra QoS class for this
interactive service.
Keywords
SIP, SDP
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
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1.3 VoIP Package

1.3.1 ZWF21-02-021 PS Conversational RAB for VoIP
Benefits
This feature provides IMS video and voice service functions, that is, it provides session
radio access bearer of PS AMR or WB-AMR voice and video services. Coded voice and
video data is encapsulated in IP packets and transmitted.
Description
The IMS introduced into the R5 version by the 3GPP provides universal network
architecture of multimedia service in an IP-based network. It also makes it possible to
bear AMR or WB-AMR voice and video services based on PS. These services require
higher real time than the interactive services, background services, and streaming
services that PS generally bears. The CN is required to configure traffic class as session
when establishing the RAB of this type of services.
ZTE RAN equipment supports PS session services:
• According to the parameters assigned by the CN, ZTE RAN equipment can provide
a higher priority for PS session services during data dispatching and RRM algorithm
to ensure the QoS indexes required by session services, such as GBR, delay, and
jitter and provide better services.
• The improved user plane supports multiple PDU lengths of RLC in UM mode to
match data load, reduces the padding resulting from RLC segmentation and
reassembly, and provides the payload transfer rate of an air interface.
• Support the establishment of PS IMS signaling RAB to bear SIP/SDP stream. For
details, refer to the function "ZWF21-02-022 PS IMS Signaling Bearer".
• Support the reduction of IP header overhead in VoIP service by means of the PDCP
header compression algorithm. For details, refer to the function "ZWF21-06-020
Robust Header Compression".
The radio parameters of the RAB of ZTE RAN equipment, used to bear PS session
services, follow the definition in the 3GPP TS 34.108.
Keywords
VoIP, RTP, RTCP, SIP
Introduced Version
V408R2

Enhanced Function
No
The feature, which is an optional function of VoIP package, is controlled by Software

License and not available until acquiring corresponding permission. Simultaneously, the
function”ZWF21-02-022 PS Signaling RAN for IMS” also must be deployed.
1.3.2 ZWF23-02-005 PS Conversational RAB for VoIP over HSDPA

Benefits
The feature supports IMS video and voice services over HSDPA.
Description
This feature supports PS session RAB bearer over an HS-DSCH to support AMR or WB-
AMR voice and video services in an IMS. Coded voice and video data is encapsulated in
an IP packet and transmitted. The SIP/SDP data stream and RTCP data stream of VoIP
service have burst characteristics. The DCH bearer which employs semi-static
configuration mode is not good for effective use of system resources. The effective
multiplexing and fast dispatching of the HS-DSCH are better for VoIP service bearer.
The spectral efficiency of the HS-DSCH is higher than that of a DCH. It also helps
improve the VoIP service capacity of the system.
For VoIP service information, please refer to the function "ZWF21-02-021 PS Session
VoIP Service Bearer".
Keywords
VoIP over HSDPA
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
available until acquiring corresponding permission. Simultaneously, to enable the feature
take effect, “ZWF 21-02-022 PS Signal ling RAN for IMS” and “HSDPA basic function
package” are needed.

1.3.3 ZWF25-02-005 PS Conversational RAB for VoIP over HSUPA

Benefits
The feature supports IMS video and voice services over HSUPA.
Description
This feature supports PS session RAB bearer over an E-DCH to support AMR or WB-
AMR voice and video services in an IMS. Coded voice and video data is encapsulated in
an IP packet and transmitted. The SIP/SDP data stream and RTCP data stream of VoIP
service have burst characteristics. The DCH bearer which employs semi-static
configuration mode is not good for effective use of system resources. The effective
multiplexing and fast dispatching of the E-DCH are better for VoIP service bearer. The
spectral efficiency of the E-DCH is higher than that of a DCH. It also helps improve the
VoIP service capacity of the system.
For VoIP service information, please refer to the function "ZWF21-02-021 PS Session
VoIP Service Bearer".
Keywords
VoIP over HSUPA
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
The feature, which is a function of VoIP package, is controlled by Software License and
not available until acquiring corresponding permission. Simultaneously, to enable the
feature take effect, “ZWF 21-02-022 PS Signaling RAN for IMS” and “HSUPA basic
function Package” is needed.
2 Radio Network Functionality

2.1 Connection Management
2.1.1 ZWF21-01-009 SIB11bis
Benefits

This feature supports the cell system information broadcast block of the SIB11bis,
realizes broadcast of adjacent cell information over complicated networking environment
(such as dense urban area) and updates cell reselection of the terminal.
Description
Subject to the limitation on the length of the broadcasted information block, SIB11
can broadcast information to up to 63 adjacent cells, including intra-frequency cells,
inter-frequency cells, and inter-system cells. In complicated networking environment
with multiple frequency points, multiple frequency bands, and multiple systems, the
configuration of adjacent cell broadcasting is a bottleneck. The SIB11bis increases
the number adjacent cells to which the SIB11 broadcasts information, with adjacent
cell number doubled.
Keywords
SIB11bis
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is optional and is controlled by the License. To use this feature, it is required
to obtain the License.
2.1.2 ZWF21-01-020 High Speed Signalling RB

Benefits
The feature is benefit to reduce the time delay for service setting up, increase the
receiving speed of SMS services, and improve user’s experience.
Description
The attribute enables the system to use the 13.6 kbps Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB)
when it establishes the RRC connection, and recovers the 3.4Kbps SRB when the RRC
connection has been established. During the RRC connection setup, the 13.6 kbps SRB
can speed up the transfer of the signaling messages (including location update message,
authentication message, and call setup message) in the NAS layer between the UE and
the CN. In different scenarios, the 13.6 kbps SRB can reduce the call setup time delay
by several seconds and facilitate the SMS service reception.
The parameters which used for 13.6kbps signal radio bearer in ZTE RAN are followed
3GPP TS 34.108 protocol.
Keywords

No
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
No
2.2 Mobility Management

2.2.1 ZWF21-03-012 Transmitted Power Based Handover
Benefits
The feature is used to guarantee user’s communication quality, and avoid the
interference to other users, so that system capacity is optimized.
Description
The feature contains two handover types: based uplink transmitted power and based
downlink transmitted power.
In the real network, there may exist such a scenario: the quality of pilot signal hasn’t
reached the threshold which can trigger coverage based handover, but UE’s uplink
transmit power or Node B’s downlink transmit power has already reached a high degree
resulted from interference or the different coverage scope between service channel and
pilot signal channel. In that case, elevating transmit power can’t guarantee UE’s QoS. To
avoid the interference to other users, it is necessary to handover UE to other cell.
ZTE RNC equipment detects uplink transmit power reported from UE internal measure
or downlink transmit power reported from Node B dedicated measure. Once the transmit
power is higher than a certain threshold (configured as near largest allowable transmit
power in usual), RNC can auto start inter-frequency or inter-system measure to let UE
handover to an inter-frequency or inter-system cell which has better quality.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function

No
2.2.2 ZWF21-03-013 Quality Based Handover

Benefits
The feature is benefit to guarantee user’s communication quality, and reduce the call
drop rate...
Description
In the real network, there may exists such a scenario: the quality of pilot signal hasn’t
reached the threshold which can trigger coverage based handover, but UE’s uplink
quality is bad, error packet ratio is high and target SIR value has reached largest, which
are resulted from interference or the different coverage scope between service channel
and pilot signal channel. In that case, power control can’t guarantee UE’s QoS any more.
To avoid call drop, it is necessary to handover UE to other inter-frequency cell.
ZTE RNC equipment detects certain user’s uplink connection. Once the quality of the
connection can’t keep the QoS and inner-loop power control has modified target SIR as
SIR allowable maximum value, RNC will auto start inter-frequency or inter-system
measure to let UE handover to an inter-frequency or inter-system cell which has better
quality.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No
2.2.3 ZWF21-03-021 Hierarchical Cell Structures

Benefits

The feature supports building hierarchical cell coverage in high density area to fulfill
more system capacity and more efficient mobility management and radio resource
management (RRM) strategy.
Description
The hierarchical cell structure (HCS) describes a wireless system in which at least two
types of cells (such as macro cells and micro cells) are overlaid. Macro cells provide
continuous coverage, whereas micro cells absorb traffic. In general, different cells use
different frequencies. Low-mobility and high-rate UEs should operate in micro cells,
while high-mobility and low-rate UEs should operate in macro cells as much as possible
so as to reduce handover and improve the spectral efficiency and system capacity. The
essential aim of HCS is to improve network capacity and QoS.
The feature supports informing UE whether the cell adopts HCS networking, what
priority level is chose in HCS cell (the range from 0 to 7, 0 is the lowest, and 7 is the
highest), and the reselection parameters in other cells in cell system broadcast, so that
UE can camp on micro cell to absorb more traffic according to cell reselection algorithm
which defined in 3GPP TS 25.304.
The feature also supports RNC detects user’s mobile speed by monitoring the
occurrence times of UE changes its best cell. If the occurrence times which UE changes
its best cell in a certain time is larger than a threshold, it is reasonable to consider the
UE is at a high speed. At this moment, once UE is connected with a micro cell which
used HCS architecture, RNC will auto handover it to a HCS Marco cell to reduce
handover times. In the other side, if the occurrence times which UE changes its best cell
in a certain time is smaller than a threshold, it is reasonable to consider the UE is static.
At this moment, once UE is connected with a macro cell which used HCS architecture,
RNC will start inter-frequency measure. In the case that micro cell can supply better
coverage, RNC will handover the UE to HCS micro cell to absorb traffic to elevate
capacity.
Keywords
HCS, Moving rate based handover
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
2.2.4 ZWF21-03-022 IMSI based Handover

Benefits

The feature supports realizing different handover mechanisms based on users’ IMSI
number.
Description
Handover based IMSI can limit the cell range to access according to UE’s IMSI number.
Configure the scope of authorized cells based on the IMSI information on the network
side. The IMSI information is resolved through the Common ID on lu interface during
service setup or handover, and UE is not allowed to access or handover to unauthorized
cells.
ZTE RAN equipment supports when UE who is in unauthorized cell is trying to access, if
there is an authorized neighbor cell with different frequency or GSM cell has the same
coverage with the cell the UE want to access, inter-frequency hard handover flow or
inter-system handover flow will be triggered to connect the UE with an authorized cell.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No
2.3 Radio Resource Management

2.3.1 ZWF21-04-005 AMR Rate Controlling
Benefits
This feature supports dynamic AMR adaptation of user according to uplink transmission
power of UE or down link transmission power of base station. And it is useful for
increasing the number of voice users in system and enhancing the coverage of voice
service in the case of the quality of radio link degrading.
Description
In the WCDMA system, the radio environment between UE and a base station always
changes. When UE is far away from the base station or the radio environment degrades,
the base station or UE is bound to transmit at a higher power under the action of closed-
loop power control in order to guarantee the QoS of AMR service. The power change
and power increase at this time may result in sharp increase in power and further
deterioration of the radio environment. As a result, system capacity will decrease. When

power is increased to even a certain limit value, QoS requirements of service cannot be
satisfied.
ZTE RNC equipment can monitor the uplink transmission power of UE in a UE internal
measurement report or the downlink transmission power of a Node B dedicated
measurement report base station. When the uplink or downlink transmission power rises
to a certain threshold, the RNC will automatically adjust this user's AMR to reduce the
power necessary for service. That is, a conversation is most probably kept going by
reducing voice quality. When the radio environment between UE and the base station is
good and the transmission power of the base station or UE decreases to a certain
threshold, AMR can be increased to provide users with better voice quality as long as
other users' feeling and system performance are not affected.
In addition, when a cell evaluated by means of downlink transmission power and uplink
interference has high downlink load and uplink load, ZTE RNC equipment can lighten
the cell load by reducing the AMR of some low-priority users, so as to accommodate
more users.
The actual AMR which can be adjusted by the RNC must belong to the AMR code set
configured for users by the CN during call establishment. The voice quality when low-
rate AMR coding is used is not as good as that when high-rate AMR coding is used, but
low-rate AMR coding has higher capacity (number of users) and wider coverage than
high-rate AMR coding. Analysis of simulation result shows that there is about 30%
coverage radius gain when the lowest AMR (4.75Kbps) instead of the highest AMR
(12.2Kbps) is used. When the lowest AMR is used, a cell will accommodate twice as
many users as those when the highest AMR is used.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
This feature supports dynamic adaptation of WB-AMB in V307R1.
This feature is an optional function, controlled by License, and it needs relative license.
2.3.2 ZWF21-04-022 Frequency Priority

Benefits
This feature diverts the HSPA service or non-HSPA service, or PS service and CS
service to cells of different frequencies so that the operator with multiple carrier
frequencies can optimize the network and plan the capacity flexibly.
Description

The ZTE RAN defines whether a cell supports the HSDPA or HSUPA service and
whether a cell gives priority to voice service, data service, or all services (for example,
the cell using the UMTS900 serves all services).
The ZTE RAN supports target cell optimization during RRC connection setup, RAB
assignment, cell handover, cell re-selection, and channel migration. In other words, the
RNC selects the target cell according to the service category and capabilities of the UE
during the service admission and handover. When the UE with the HSDPA capability
initiates the RRC connection setup or RAB assignment for the PS data service, the RAN
assigns the wireless resources to the cells that are in multiple frequency layers and
support HSDPA and PS service.
The frequency preferring policy comprehensively considers the current load of each cell
and avoids congestion resulted by the heavy traffic in a cell.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
2.3.3 ZWF21-04-024 User Differentiated Power Control

Benefits
The feature allows you to configure a power control policy according to the priority of the
user so that the QoS of high-priority users in areas with poor network quality can be
guaranteed, thus realizing differentiated QoS policy.
Description
Sometimes, the power transmitted of a terminal is so large as to interfere other terminals

or the transmitted power of the base station targeting at a user occupies too many
downlink power amplifier resources. To avoid such phenomenon, the RNC needs to
configure the allowed maximum uplink/downlink transmitted power for each user. The
ZTE RAN supports configuring the maximum uplink/downlink transmitted power for
various services based on the priorities of these services so that users of high priority
can obtain more system resources and the QoS of users with high priority can be
guaranteed even though the network quality is poor, thus realizing differentiated QoS
policy.
Keywords

No
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No
2.4 QoS Guarantee

2.4.1 ZWF21-05-020 RAB Negotiation & Re-negotiation
Benefits
This feature enables the system to select the QoS service for the user according to the
load of the RAN for higher service access success rate and lower call drop rate.
Description
The implementation of the RAB QoS negotiation and renegotiation requires the
cooperation from the CN. When configuring the QoS parameters, the CN configures the
QoS parameters of the service such as MBR and GBR and needs to add the maximum
bit rate (MBR) and guaranteed bit rate (GBR) in the Alternative RAB Parameter Values
of the RAB assignment message and relocation request message of the RANAP
protocol. In the implementation of admission control, the RNC can decide whether the
bearer being set up supports MBR and GBR according to the current load of the system.
In other words, when the system load is too high, the RNC may select a bit rate that is
smaller than the MBR and GBR configured by the CN to reduce the resources required
by the service. When the resources of the system are scarce, the RNC selects the QoS
of a lower level for the service rather than simply rejecting the service.
If the RNC sets up a bearer using the parameters in the Alternative RAB Parameter
Values rather than the MBR and GBR assigned by the CN, the RNC notifies the CN of
the actual MBR and GBR after the completion of the bearer setup so that the CN knows
the actual capability of the bearer and bases the billing on the bearer capacity.
The RAB QoS renegotiation is based on the system resource utilization. If the load of
the system is very low, the system can provide better services for the user through
negotiation; if the load of the system is very high, the system can adopt lower bit rate
through negotiation. In this way, the system can effectively utilize the resources and
serve more users.
The RAB QoS negotiation can be triggered in two modes:
• The renegotiation is triggered by the network.

When the PDP context is activated, if the network load changes or the service
changes, the CN triggers a QoS modification process to modify the E2E QoS
parameters and then the RAB reassignment process to modify the RAN radio
bearer.
• The renegotiation is triggered by the RNC.

The RNC may initiate RAB modification request to the CN according to the load
of a cell. When the load of the access network is very high, the RNC provides
services at lower bit rates through negotiation; when the load of the access
network is very low, the RNC provides services at high bit rates through
negotiation. By defining parameters in Alternative RAB Parameter Values in the
RAB assignment message, the CN specifies whether the RNC can execute
negotiation and operate at negotiable bit rates.
Keywords
RAB renegotiation, QoS renegotiation, QoS modification
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
This function requires the cooperation from CN devices.
2.4.2 ZWF21-05-022 Service-Based Handover

Benefits
This feature supports handover strategies of service from WCDMA to GSM according to
CN configuration, so that operators can control service distribution of the two kinds of
network according to load situation or user priority.
Description
This feature supports deciding service whether to handover to GSM and when to
handover according to the attribute of “service handover” in RAB assignment message:
− Handover to GSM should be performed: it means that it is necessary to
handover to GSM as soon as possible after the service is set up
successfully.

− Handover to GSM should not be performed: it means that the service will
have to handover to GSM in the case that UMTS can not carry the service,
and RNC will trigger inter-RAT handover in the case of the quality of UMTS
degrading.
− Handover to GSM shall not be performed: it means that the kind of service
can’t handover to GSM and trigger handover to GSM.
Handover strategies based on services actually need to be configured in CN.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No
This function becomes effective with the support of CN equipments.
2.4.3 ZWF21-05-023 RAB Queuing

Benefits
This feature provides the possibility of RAB establishment in the case of system
congestion and reduces the rate of call congestion to enable as many users as possible
to access services.
Description
When a new service (RAB) is established, if system load is too high with inadequate
resource, and the service is allowed to be lined up according to QoS parameter, this
feature allows the RAB placed in queue to temporarily wait. If there is idle resource in
system within certain period of time, resource will be allocated to the RAB for building
service in time. If system doesn’t have enough resource during the permission period of
service queuing, service establishment will fail.
Because this feature can make partial services request queuing in the case of high
system load, timely retry to establish service rather than denying service request simply.
It can increase access rate of service. Meanwhile, service queuing will increase delay of
service establishment and is beneficial to relieve the impact on system load when user is
trying to access repeatedly and fast in the case of high system load.

ZTE RAN equipment supports service queuing in the process of RAB establishment and
incoming relocation; whether specific service will queue up depends on QoS parameter
configured by CN for the service and users as well as system load situation when the
service is accessing.
If there are several services in the queue, ZTE RAN equipment supports providing
service preferentially for users with high priority according to user’s priority. The detail
refers to “ZWF21-04-010 Congestion Control”.
Keywords
Call Queuing
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is optional, controlled by License, and it needs relative license.
This function becomes effective with the support of CN equipments.
2.4.4 ZWF21-05-024 Video Call Fallback to Speech

Benefits
The GSM system does not support the CS video call defined by the 3GPP. When a user
moves from the WCDMA system to the GSM system, the feature can automatically roll
back the video call into the voice service, and then implement inter-system handover,
thus reducing the call drop rate of the video call service.
Description
In the initial network construction, the WCDMA system usually cannot provide complete
coverage. If the GSM neighbor cells exist at the edge of the WCDMA network or areas
with poor WCDMA coverage, it is necessary to switch the user from the WCDMA to the
GSM system so that the services can be provided continuously.
The video call service, as a special feature in WCDMA system, has been applied
extensively. But the GSM system cannot provide the video call service. As a result, the
video call service in the WCDMA network cannot be switched to the GSM system. If the
video call service has to be switched to the GSM system, it may be interrupted forcedly.
This feature enables the system to roll back the video call service to the AMR service
and then implement handover from the 3G system to the 2G system, thus ensuring the
continuity of the voice service.

The implementation of the feature requires the cooperation from the CN and UEs
supporting the SCUDIF function.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
to obtain the License and configure the ZWF21-05-020 RAB QoS negotiation and
ZWF21-05-026 RAB QoS renegotiation.
2.5 User Plane Process

2.5.1 ZWF21-06-020 Robust Header Compression
Benefits
This feature supports compressing IP header of service data in PDCP layer to reduce
radio bearer bandwidth required for VoIP service and enhance the capacity of system
VoIP service.
Description
When a radio link bears VoIP service, IP packet protocol header overhead will be very
great. A VoIP data packet includes an IPv4 header (20 bytes), a UDP header (8 bytes),
and an RTP header (12 bytes). When IPv4 is used for bearer, VoIP protocol header
overhead needs altogether 40 bytes; the header of IPv6 is 40 bytes; therefore, VoIP
protocol header overhead will amount to 60 bytes; but in 12.2K AMR coded voice, a
frame only occupies 32 bytes. Thus, the data payload in the VoIP packet is even smaller
than protocol header overhead. For a radio link which can only provide limited data
bandwidth, direct VoIP service bearer will waste a huge number of scarce radio
resources.
Between a terminal and a UTRAN access point, channelization code, scrambling or

other user IDs are used for addressing. This is a point-to-point connection and it is
unnecessary for both call parties to transfer complete RTP (RTCP)/UDP/IPv6 (IPv4)
header in each frame. IP protocol header can be compressed through negotiation to
reduce the waste of precious radio resources.
However, the characteristics of a radio link make a common IP header mark

compression plan unable to work well. First, a radio channel has path loss
characteristics and must bear 10-1~10-3 Bit Error Ratio (BER); second, the Return Time

(RTT) may be as long as 100ms; finally, the residual BER which cannot be neglected
should be taken into consideration. That is, sometimes a low layer will submit an
undetected error frame to a high layer.
The 3GPP introduces the robust header compression ROHC algorithm defined in the
RFC3095. This algorithm can robustly and effectively compress header on a link with a
long RTT and high error rate. The ROHC enhances the error recovery mechanism. Each
compressed header contains a checksum calculated according to the original
uncompressed header. Loss of synchronization of context can be repaired at the
receiving terminal based on this checksum. After the adoption of the ROHC technology,
IP/UDP/RTP protocol header may be compressed as one byte. This greatly improves
the bandwidth efficiency of VoIP bearer on a radio link.
Keywords
PDCP Header Compression, RoHC, Robust Header Compression, RFC3095
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
No
2.6 Location Service

2.6.1 ZWF21-10-001 Cell ID Positioning
Benefits
This feature provides positioning ability based on cell ID, with no additional hardware,
less investment, large coverage, and simple and rapid positioning process. It is suitable
for location service with low-cost which doesn’t need high-precision position.
Description
When a location service request is processed, the RNC selects a proper location
method according to the received location request with certain accuracy requirements
from the CN to locate the UE, and finally reports the UE location to the network side.
According to the reporting method defined in the received location request from the CN,
the RNC reports service area (SA) or geographical area (GA) to the CN as the location
result. In SA mode, the RNC reports the SA ID (SAI) of the cell where the UE is located
to the CN as the location result. When GA mode is required without any location
accuracy information in the location request, the RNC reports the coverage location
information (usually pre-configured in RNC through the OMC tools) of the cell where the
UE is located to the CN as the location result. When GA mode is required with location

accuracy requirement in the location request greater than a specific value (usually 100
meters), the enhanced cell ID location method based on round trip time (RTT)
measurement can be used: The RNC calculates the location of the UE according to the
air interface RTT in the Node B measurement report and receiving/transmitting time
difference in the UE measurement report (UE Rx-Tx time difference type 2). In the
enhanced cell ID location method based on the RTT measurement, the UE location
result is a ring (omni antenna) or a part of a ring (beam antenna) determined by the
transmit antenna location, the distance between the UE and the transmit antenna, and
RTT measurement accuracy.
The enhanced cell ID location method based on the RTT measurement has an accuracy
of 80-100 m. But this method requires Node B to support RTT dedicated measurement,
also requires the UE to support UE Rx-Tx time difference type 2 measurement.
Otherwise, only ordinary cell ID method can be used.
According to the location request from the CN, the RNC can report the measurement
results immediately or when the SA changes.
Keywords
Service Area ID, SAI, Geographical Area, GA, Round Trip Time, RTT
Introduced Version
V306R1
Enhanced Function
No
2.6.2 ZWF21-10-002 AGPS

Benefits
This feature provides high-precision position service with large coverage, rapid location
and short response time.
Description
To use the A-GPS location method, the UE and radio access network must support GPS
hardware and related software. Compared with the traditional GPS, the A-GPS system
sends GPS location reference information (encapsulated in system broadcast SIB15 or
measurement control message) from the network side to the mobile UE to help it acquire
satellite signal and measurement code phase information quickly. Therefore, the A-GPS
system locates UE quickly with short response time, reducing energy consumption of the
UE.
A-GPS is classified into UE-aided (UE-A) A-GPS and UE-based (UE-B) A-GPS by
implementation method.

In the UE-A A-GPS location method, location calculation is achieved by the Service
Mobile Location Center (SMLC) at the network side. The UE reports measurement
results of the satellite signals and measurement code phase information to the RNC at
the network side. The RNC transmits the measurement results to the SMLC through the
Iu-PC interface. The SMLC then calculates the mobile location based on the
measurement results and finally reports the calculation result to the CN through the RNC.
In the UE-B A-GPS method, location calculation is achieved by the UE and the UE
reports the calculation result to the network side. For the A-GPS, the location result is
reported with Ellipsoid point with altitude and uncertain Ellipsoid.
The ZTE RNC devices complete location calculation with their built-in Iu-PC interfaces
and SMLC function, helping the operators reducing the cost for purchasing additional
SMLC devices.
The A-GPS has an accuracy 5 - 50 meters that is higher than those of Cell ID and RTT
location methods.
According to the location request from the CN, the RNC can report the measurement
results immediately or when the SA changes.
Keywords
Service Mobile Location Center, SMLC, Iu-PC, UE-A A-GPS, UE-B A-GPS, SIB15
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is optional, and it needs configuring ICMG board in RNC to support this
function.
In addition, GSM receiver and ICMG board connection are also needed.
2.6.3 ZWF21-10-003 Emergency Call Re-direct to GSM

Benefits
This feature enables the system to provide the emergency call service through the GSM
network with high locating precision when the locating precision of the WCDMA network
cannot satisfy requirements of the emergency call service.
Description
Emergency call is an application scenario of the location service. By locating the user
initiating the emergency call, the rescue department can take immediate actions. On
such an occasion, the requirement on the locating precision is very high. Some countries
and regions even publish laws, for example, E911 of Federal Communication Committee

(FCC) of USA and E112 of European countries, to regulate the locating precision of
emergency calls. When the locating precision of the WCDMA network cannot satisfy
requirements of the emergency call, the RAN device can redirect the emergency call to
the GSM system and improve its locating precision through the GSM network.
The ZTE RAN device supports identifying emergency call at the stage of RRC
connection setup and redirecting emergency calls to the GSM network directly. All
emergency calls are handled by the GSM network when the high-precision positioning
services such as AGPS is not launched or the UE does not support it. The locating
service for the emergency call is also provided by the GSM network.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No
2.6.4 ZWF21-10-004 LCS Classified Zones

Benefits
This feature can make operators acquire the information of specific area when a UE
enters or leaves these areas, so that operators can deliver user location-based services.
Description
The ZTE RAN devices can specify areas (usually a cell or a set of cell) through the OMC
tools. When a UE enters or leaves these areas, the RNC automatically reports location
information of the UE to the CN by SA method.
With this feature, operators can deliver user location-based services, such as setting
areas where disasters occur to report alarm messages to UEs when they enter these
areas.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V306R1

Enhanced Function
No
2.7 RAN Management

2.7.1 ZWF21-20-014 MRR
Benefits
Based on the measurement report records (MRR) of the existing network users and
network planning & analysis tool, the system diagnoses the network coverage and
interference in replacement of high-cost network optimization methods (such as drive
test).
Description
The measurement report (MR) sent by the UE covers intra-frequency measurement,

inter-frequency measurement, inter-system measurement, service traffic measurement,
quality information, UE internal measurement, and location information. This attribute
supports collection, storage, and output of detailed measurement information.
The MR based data provides local cell synchronization/measurement information, RSCP,

and Ec/N0 information, and displays the information in a geographic way. Through the
MR data, you can know the area of weak coverage or no coverage and give suggestions
of adding more base stations.
The MR based data provides inter-system cell measurement information, allowing you to
know the coverage of another system and configure adjacent cells of another system.
The MR data based statistical analysis allows you to know the RSCP and Ec/N0
coverage and interference of the overall network.
Based on the correlated measurement information of the local cell and adjacent cell and
UE transmit power, you can swiftly identify the areas with weak coverage, cross-cell
coverage, and pilot pollution, and diagnose external interference and optimize the
adjacent cells.
Keywords
MR, MRR
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No

This attribute is optional and is controlled by the License. To use this attibute, it is
required to obtain the License.
To store the data of the MR, it is necessary to configure the data storage server.
This attribute supports collection and storage of the MRR data only, and does not
provide network analysis. You need to obtain dedicated network analysis tool.
2.7.2 ZWF21-20-015 OCNS

Benefits
This feature enables you to configure the orthogonal channel noise stimulation
(OCNS) function in the NodeB so that the system can emulate many virtual users in
the downlink network load test. With the feature, the operator can test RF
performance indexes and radio network performance without a large number of
terminals.
Description
The system performance test is usually subject to limitation on the number of terminals
and the test environment. It is very hard to set up a radio transmission environment with
certain interference based on a large number of terminals.
The ZTE RAN device adopts mutually orthogonal channel codes for channels
emulated through the OCNS function. Each channel adopts PN9 random codes
without relevance. Though each channel has different power, the inter-channel
power ratio is fixed. Through the feature, you can emulate the ISI and peak-to-
average ratio in the actual environment. By configuring the total power of all
emulated channels, you can emulate the downlink interference (or load) and
evaluate the system performance under various downlink loads. The ZTE RAN can
emulate R99 and HSDPA channels through the OCNS function and enable the
OCNS function for multiple cells.
Keywords
OCNS
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No

2.7.3 ZWF21-20-016 Video Call Prohibited in Specific Area

Benefits
This feature enables the system to suspend the video call service for a specific cell.
Description
The WCDMA network provides the video call service. In some areas with security control
or areas with privacy protected, the video call service is prohibited and it is necessary to
suspend the service in the network layer.
This feature provides service suspension parameters for each cell through the NMS.
Through the feature, the system can suspend specified services for specified cells. After
a service is suspended in an area, if the user initiates the service, the RNC indicates
RAB setup failure for the CN during the service setup process. If a connection has been
set up for a service, it is prohibited to shift the service to the area where the service is
prohibited. If the CN and the UE support the feature, when the video call service is setup
or is switched to the area where the service is closed, the RNC may roll back the video
call service into a common voice service. In this case, it is necessary to configure the
function ZWF21-05-024 video call fallback to voice call.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
2.7.4 ZWF21-20-017 Intelligent Carrier Power Off/On

Benefits
This feature enables the system to close some carrier frequencies of the multi-carrier
sector according to the service requirements when the traffic volume is very low, thus
reducing power consumption of equipments and the operator's OPEX.
Description

The load of the telecom system varies greatly within a day. During peak traffic hours in
the daytime, the system needs multiple carrier frequencies (for example, S333) to carry
services; at night, it only needs one carrier frequency (S111). When the traffic volume is
very low, the system still uses multiple carrier frequencies to carry services. Though the
load of each carrier frequency is not very high, each carrier frequency needs common
channels such as the pilot channel. The power of the common channels covers 20% of
the transmitting power of the overall carrier frequencies.
The intelligent carrier power off/on technology of the ZTE RAN can automatically monitor
the network service status. When the traffic volume is relatively low, the RAN
automatically closes idle carrier frequencies. If the RAN finds that the traffic volume
increases to such an extent that the current working carrier frequencies cannot handle
the extra services, it starts the closed carrier frequencies.
When the traffic volume is very low and it is necessary to close some carrier frequencies,
the intelligent carrier power off/on technology can gradually reduce the maximum
transmitting power of a cell until the RF units on the redundant carrier frequencies are
switched off. In this way, the small traffic in the closed cell can handover to the neighbor
cell smoothly.
Keywords
Intelligent Carrier Frequency Power Off, Intelligent Carrier Frequency Adjustment
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
This function is optional and is controlled by the License. To use this function, it is
required to obtain the License.
2.8 Enhanced RAN Functionality

2.8.1 ZWF21-30-021 Iu Flex
Benefits
This feature supports that one RNC can be connected to multiple MSC Servers/SGSNs
and these MSC Servers/SGSNs are composed to a pool to provide redundancy
protection of CN equipments so as to improve network security, help to achieve load
balance between MSC Servers/SGSNs and reduce waste of hardware resource and
signaling overhead.
Description

The Iu Flex is a new networking technology put forth in the 3GPP R5 version. This
networking mode eliminates the restriction that one RNC can be connected to only one
MSC Server/SGSN in a traditional network. In the Iu Flex networking, one RNC can be
connected to multiple MSC Servers/SGSNs, these MSC Servers/SGSNs are composed
to a pool area which provided service to the RNC. As shown in Figure 1, a pool area is
set according to different CN domain. All the connected CS CN nodes constitute to a CS
pool area, and all the connected PS CN nodes constitute to a PS pool area.
MSC 3 MSC 6
MSC 2 MSC 5
MSC 1 MSC 4 MSC 7
CS pool-
CS pool-
area 2
area 1
RAN RAN RAN RAN

node node node node
Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Area 4
RAN RAN RAN RAN

node node node node
Area 5 Area 6 Area 7 Area 8
PS pool-area 1 PS pool-area 2
SGSN 1 SGSN 3 SGSN 6

SGSN 2 SGSN 4
SGSN 5
Figure1 Schematic diagram of the Iu Flex networking
Compared with traditional networks, the networking based on the Iu Flex technology has
the following advantages:
• Load sharing and Disaster recovery
The capacity of RNC has got great upgraded, even higher than that of a MSC
Sever or SGSN. In traditional networking, the actual capacity of RNC has been
restricted by only one MSC Server/SGSN is allowed to connect to one RNC. It
can also be said that the number of RNC connected to one MSC Server/SGSN
is restricted. With all MSC Servers/SGSNs forms a pool area, the capacity of all
CN nodes in pool area is combined to connect to more RNCs. Network load is
shared among MSC Servers/SGSNs. And the CN nodes in pool area backup for
each other. If one is down, the traffic of such CN nodes is shifted to other CN
node.
• Reduce signaling load of mobility, increase the actual capacity of network
− If there are too many subscribers, equipment capacity will be limited and
then the coverage of a single MSC Server/SGSN will be small. When UEs
moving between the different CN nodes frequently, there are many signals

of LA/RA update, handover, relocation and exchange of HLR parameters.

With Iu Flex networking, a subscriber within one pool area can enjoy his
services provided by a specific MSC Server/SGSN, and need not change
his service CN node when moving within the pool area. So signaling load
caused by mobility is decreased largely and system capacity and network
performance is also got improved effectively.
ZTE RAN supports Iu Flex networking, that is multi MSC Servers/SGSNs can be
connected to one RNC. Network Node Selection Function (NNSF) is used to selected a
service CN node between multi CN when a subscriber access the network or paging a
subscriber:
− When users re-access or implement LA/RU update, IDNNS information
choosing CN node originally attached by UE to establish signal connection
to reduce signaling interaction of mobility between CN nodes.
− If there is no NRI information or CN nodes have problem or CN load is high,

RNC will reselect a CN node to establish signal connection and service so
as to achieve load-sharing and redundancy protection.
− When user is called, RNC will buffer CN mark in paging message to select
correctly CN node initiating call when user is paging.
− Supporting configuration of Preferred Pool Area (PPA) and selecting CN

node serving UE in PPA preferentially to increase flexibility of Iu Flex
configuration.
ZTE RAN equipment supports discerning CN ID (Global CN-ID) in the process of

connectionless RANAP service of SRNS relocation, CN reset and resource reset and
overload in the case of Iu Flex networking, and it only implements in corresponding CN
nodes.
ZTE RAN equipment supports combining the same MBMS service of multiple SGSNs in
the case of Iu Flex networking.
Keywords
Network Node Routing Function, NNSF, MSC Pool, SGSN Pool
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is optional, controlled by License, and it needs relative license. This feature
can not work unless CN equipment supports Iu Flex.

2.8.2 ZWF21-30-026 Neighbouring Cell Monitoring

Benefits
This feature can analyze allocation relation of neighboring cells by using real time data
in network and conveniently acquire suggestions on index optimization of network
handover without drive test or other network planning and optimizing tools.
Description
Defining a neighboring cell relationship correctly is of vital importance to maintaining

superior mobility of UE and avoiding unnecessary interference. Too many or too few
neighboring cells or a wrong neighboring cell relationship will result in severe call drop.
The neighboring relationship between cells in a network is always defined at the network
planning stage. But actual network construction and radio environment may make actual
cell coverage inconsistent with simulated network planning. As a result, the radio
parameters (for example, adjacent cell) configured according to network planning may
not be reasonable. This reduces network handover success ratio and increases call drop.
ZTE RAN equipment supports the following modes of neighboring cell monitoring:
• The neighboring cells that misses configuring.
By controlling detected set measurement of UE, the RNC can find that a cell fails to
be configured as a co-frequency neighboring cell, but actually there exists
overlapped coverage.
• The excessive neighboring cells that is configured.
By checking the handover times and success ratio of UE between cells, the RNC
can find that a cell is configured as a co-frequency neighboring cell at the
background, but actually there does not exist any overlapped coverage.
• The Neighboring cells with specific handover priority
By checking the handover success ratio of UE between neighboring cells, the RNC
can recommend configuring the handover priority of the neighboring cell of a cell. If
a neighboring cell with a high handover success ratio is configured with a high
priority, the probability of handover to this neighboring cell may be increased.
The functions provided by this feature can serve as the substitute for complex and
expensive third-party network optimization tools. Avoid inefficient but high-cost modes,
such as coverage survey and drive test, and optimize network fast and effectively.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function

No
2.8.3 ZWF21-30-200 Multi PLMN Support

Benefits
This feature supports configuration of different PLMN to UTRAN, which is used in the
following scenarios:
− if an operator owns several PLMNs, by using the function provided by this
feature it can deploy different cells with different PLMNs at the airports,
piers, coach terminals and tourist spots where many inter- operator roaming
users are entering, hence higher probability of network selection by roaming
users, so as to attract more roaming users residing to increase operation
revenue.
− If UTRAN is shared by different operators, different PLMN can be used to

distinguish different operators.
Description
The RAN device of ZTE supports configuration of different PLMN to different cell. If
UTRAN is shared by different operators, different PLMN can be used to distinguish
different operators.
If an operator owns several PLMNs, it can deploy different cells with different PLMNs at
the airports, piers, coach terminals and tourist spots where many inter- operator roaming
users are entering. In the roaming area of a non-HPLMN coverage area, the UE will
select a new PLMN to register when it is switched on. The PLMN belongs to a roaming
subscription operator. During the process, the UE may automatically select a cell with
the best access radio quality, or the UE may indicate to the user a list of available
PLMNs to which the cell fulfilled access quality belongs and the user then makes the
selection. Configuration of more PLMN is beneficial to increase probability of network
selection by roaming user. Meanwhile, the RAN device of ZTE also supports the mobility
management among different PLMNs so that after a user selects a PLMN of the
operator, he may then switch over to a cell with another PLMN of the same operator to
proceed with the service.
Keywords
Multi PLMN
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function

No
2.9 RAN Sharing Introduction Package

2.9.1 ZWF21-30-100 Basic RAN Sharing Support
Benefits
This feature allows multiple operators to construct the UTRAN network together and use
the same UTRAN resources to provide their own services. In this way, the operator can
reduce the network construction period, save the investment in site acquisition, site
construction, transmission construction, and wireless network devices, and greatly
decrease the cost in network construction and operation.
Description
The ZTE RAN device can be connected to the CN of several operators, allows multiple
operators to share the RNC cabinet and boards, OMC devices, NodeB cabinets,
baseband processing boards, RF units and line device, and other RAN auxiliaries
(including power and transmission lines of the Iub/Iur interface), use the same
frequencies and realize UTRAN sharing among multiple operators.
The ZTE RAN device supports two UTRAN network sharing modes defined by the 3GPP:
• Multi-Operator Core Network (MOCN)
CN CN CN
O p erato r A O pe ra to r B O p erato r C
Iu
RNC
N o de B N ode B
R adio A ccess N etw ork
O pera tor X
Figure2 MOCN network sharing network
In this network sharing mode, different operators adopt different CN devices. All CN
devices are connected to the same RNC and share the RAN wireless resources.
• Gateway Core Network (GWCN)

CN CN CN
O perator A O perator B O perator C
Shared Shared Shared

M SC/SGSN M SC/SGSN M SC/SGSN
Iu
R NC R NC RN C
Radio Access Network

O perator X
Figure3 GWCN network sharing network
In this network sharing mode, the operators adopt the same CN devices (such as
MGW, MSC server, and SGSN) as the network gateways and connect to their
respective HLR, GGSN, GMSC, GMGW, and billing & accounting system.
The ZTE RAN device allocates different PLMN codes to operators adopting the network
sharing, but uses a common PLMN code for broadcasting. When adopting the MOCN
network sharing mode, the RNC can distinguish subscribers of different operators,
routing the signaling connection and services to the CN nodes of their respective
operators: The RNC searches a CN node randomly or according to the NRI. If the
searched CN node is not the home operator of a subscriber, the RNC tries other CN
nodes until the node which the subscriber is authorized to access is found.
In the UTRAN network sharing mode, the Iu Flex can be connected to the CNs of one or
several operators.
Using such UTRAN network model there is no influence for the terminal. UEs of all
protocol versions can access the network and enjoy services provided by their
respective carriers. Since UE can only obtain the common PLMN code through the
system message, the CN can use the NITZ function (3GPP TS22.042) to distinguish the
logos of different operators. After location updating succeeds, the network informs the
UE of the operator's logo.
Keywords
MOCN、Multi-Operator Core Network、GWCN、Gateway Core Network、RAN Sharing
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No

This feature is a basic function of the RAN shared basic function package. The RAN
shared basic function is controlled by the License. To provide this feature, it is required
to obtain the License and configure the feature “ZWF21-30-200 multiple PLMN”. The CN
devices also must support the MOCN or GWCN function.
2.9.2 ZWF21-30-101 RAN Sharing with Dedicated Carrier

Benefits
This feature supports the operators to possess their own frequency when they share the
UTRAN network. It can prevent interference and capacity because of several operators’
competition for wireless resources.
Description
If different operators have their own frequency resources, the ZTE RAN equipment
supports the operators share the UTRAN network with their respective frequencies. All
the UTRAN equipment and resources will be shared except frequency. The frequencies
of different operators can be deployed in one NodeB. Sharing the cabinet, power, and
baseband processing boards of the base station. According to the operator’s
requirement, these operators can share the FR devices (power amplifier, feeders, and
antenna), or deploy them separately. The frequencies of different operators can also be
deployed in different NodeBs and connected to the same RNC through the Iub interface.
Different operators can share the RNC cabinet, power source, and processing boards in
the control plane and user plane.
Operator one Shared RNC Shared Node B
Frequency one Frequency one MNC

Operator two one
Frequency two Frequency two MNC

two
Figure4 Dedicated frequency sharing network
The frequencies of different operators can be distinguished according to the PLMN code
in the broadcasted system information. Through the broadcasted information, the UE
can identify the networks of different operators, select its home PLMN or authorized
PLMN, and display the logo of the operator. This process is the same as PLMN
selection of non-sharing network. The UE need not to know whether the cells of various
PLMNs use the shared resources. Therefore, the UEs of all protocol versions can
access the shared network and enjoy respective services provided by the operators.
According to the access frequency of the UE, the RNC routes signaling connection and
service to the respective CN.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version

V408R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is one of the RAN shared basic function package. The RAN shared basic
function is controlled by the License. To use this feature, it is required to obtain the
License and configure “ZWF21-30-200 multiple PLMN”. To realize this feature, CN must
support the MOCN or GWCN function.
2.9.3 ZWF21-30-102 Shared Networks Access Control

Benefits
This feature provides admission control for the UE which is in the DCH status and is in
the shared network or the boundary of the shared network and unshared network,
according to the subscription relation with the operator. It ensures the user to enjoy the
service of the authorized network during moving.
Description
The ZTE RAN supports the access control in Shared Network Area (SNA). Each SNA is
identified by an SNAC. The SNAC is unique in a PLMN. one SNA may contain one or
more location areas (LA), and one LA may belong to several SNAs.
The serving area for user is configured in the CN. From the CN, RNC can get the SNAC
of each LA under the RNC, and the SNA authorized to each user. In the case of Iur
interface handover, SRNC can get the SNA of each DRNC cell through the Iur interface.
The RNC retains the SNAC of each user and configures the adjacent cell list of intra-
frequency measurement, inter-frequency measurement, and inter-system measurement
according to the SNAC. Only the authorized SNAs cell can be included into the new
adjacent cell list (for measurement control) so that the UE can only handover within the
authorized cells.
Keywords
SNAC, SNA
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is one of the RAN sharing basic function package. The RAN sharing basic
function is controlled by the License. To use this feature, it is required to obtain the

License and configure “ZWF21-30-200 multiple PLMN”. To provide this feature, the CN
must support the MOCN or GWCN function.
2.10 Radio Part

2.10.1 ZWF21-40-005 Multi-RRU for One Cell
Benefits
This feature is used in specific scenes with multi coverage, it combined multi-RRU into
one cell replacing networking of multiple cells so as to reduce interference in cells, avoid
handover caused by moving in cells and decrease call drop rate of network.
Description
Multi-RRU for one cell means the signal of multi-RRU is for one cell logically, i.e. it is
from one cell in the sight of RNC. In the downlink, every RRU composing logical cell has
common cell primary scrambling code, common pilot signal, synchronous signal and
other common channel signal. And base band unit will send same data to multi-RRU
with the same logical cell. In the uplink, uplink IQ data of multi-RRU will be input and
processed in the same base band unit.
In the coverage of highway and high speed railway, multi-RRU for one cell can be
adopted, and when user handover from one RRU coverage area to another, it is not
necessary to report complicated measurement result, establish radio link and transmit
deleting command between UE and Node B or UE and RNC. Only multi-path process of
base band module is needed to reduce call drop rate. In gym, shopping mall,
underground garage and dense urban area, there are a lot of overlapped areas in cells.
In the case of these complicated radio environment, multi-RRU for one cell can be
adopted to reduce interference in cells, handover in cells and call drop rate.
Keywords
Multi RRU
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is optional function, controlled by License, and it needs relative license.
Meanwhile, hardware configuration of Node B needs multiple RRUs.

2.10.2 ZWF21-40-020 Extended Cell Range to 80Km

Benefits
This feature can be used for several specific scenes, such as ocean, desert, meadow
and plane. Traffic is low because of sparse population in this area. Expanding coverage
of single cell can reduce the number of base station deployed in wide area and
investment cost of Node B.
Description
In and before R6 of 3GPP protocol, the value range of propagation delay field is 0~765
chips (corresponding to transmission path of 60Km). This value determines the
searching scope of uplink multi-path time delay signal in Node B. so in and before R6
WCDMA only supports coverage radius which is no more than 60Km. However, some
scenarios may need larger coverage, such as ocean, desert, meadow and plane.
ZTE RAN equipment adopts expanded definition of propagation delay (maximum 3069
chips) in 3GPP R7 protocol. It breaks through the coverage limit of 60Km, reaching to
about 80Km. And the following coverage enhancement techniques are adopted by ZTE
to meet the requirement on radio propagation quality for services.
• Optimizing path loss
− Adjusting the mounting height of antennas to increase horizon range
− Lowering the carrier band to reduce path loss

• Improving the sensitivity
− High-gain directional antennas
− Tower mounted amplifiers

− reducing the noise coefficient of the receivers
− adopting BBU+RRU distributed base station to reduce antenna feed

• Improving the processing gain
− Adopting low-speed AMR code rate
− Reducing the rate of data service

• Improving baseband processing capability
− Enhancing the cell search capability

• Reducing the fading margin
− Multi-antenna receiving diversity
− Transmit diversity
− Adopting high power amplifier or amplifier overlap technique to increase

transmit power
Deploying large scaled coverage has some requirements on the height of antenna of
base station. For instance, when the altitude of UE antenna is 3m, the height of antenna

of base station needs to be about 310m (2.1GHz) or 260m (900MHz) to meet the
requirement of super-far coverage of 80Km.
Keywords
Extended Cell Range, Super-Far Coverage
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
When deploying large scaled coverage, it is necessary to configure hardware equipment

according to the technique adopted specifically.
2.10.3 ZWF21-40-021 Four Antenna Reception

Benefits
This feature can be used for reducing attenuation, improving performance of radio uplink
and enhancing uplink coverage.
Description
Compared with dual-antenna receiving diversity, four antenna reception can reduce
uplink attenuation further and theoretically increase reception sensitivity 3dB
corresponding to 20~30% coverage increased.
Mechanism of Four-Antenna Receive Diversity is shown in figure 5.

Figure5 Mechanism of Four-Antenna Receive Diversity
Four-antenna receive diversity is implemented through two RF units. Each RF unit

inputs two channels of antenna signals, which are processed by the two independent RF
channels of the RF units and then are sent to the BBU of Node B, and then performs
multi-path detection, Rake receiving, Maximal Ratio Combining and subsequent
processing.
Keywords
Four Antenna Receptions
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is optional function which will be effective when four-path receiving channel
(two RF units) is configured in Node B.
2.10.4 ZWF21-40-022 Transmit Diversity

Benefits
This feature is beneficial to increase effective coverage of system and improve terminal
reception.
Description

Transmit diversity is to transmit a signal through multiple antennas of a BTS. In a fading

environment, transmit diversity enables a terminal to receive multi-path signals and
better signal quality, thus improving the performance of the wireless communication
system effectively. ZTE RAN equipment supports open-loop transmit diversity, including
Space-Time Transmit Diversity (STTD) and Time Switched Transmit Diversity (TSTD),
and closed-loop transmit diversity (Mode 1).
Table 1 Types of Transmit Diversity supported and Physical Channel applied by ZTE
Physical Channel Open-loop Transmit Closed-loop Transmit

Types Diversity Diversity
TSTD STTD Mode 1
P-CCPCH – X –
SCH X – –
S-CCPCH – X –
DPCH – X X
F-DPCH – X –
PICH – X –
MICH – X –
HS-PDSCH – X X
HS-SCCH – X –
E-AGCH – X –
E-RGCH – X –
E-HICH – X –
AICH – X –
Two-path transmit channel is needed in the case of configuration of transmit diversity in

Node B, and the logical connection is shown in figure 6.
ANT1 ANT2
R&T R&T
RRU/RSU RRU/RSU
DF DF
T R T R
RTR+PA RTR+PA
BBU
Figure6 Logical Connection of Transmit Diversity

In open-loop transmit diversity mode, terminal doesn’t provide Node B with feedback
information, which is beneficial to reduce complexity of mobile station. In closed-loop
transmit diversity mode, terminal sends feedback information to Node B to make
antenna transmit signal adjust to the current channel environment so as to achieve
better transmission performance in low-speed mobile environment.
Keywords
STTD, TSTD, Transmit Diversity
Introduced Version
V306R1
Enhanced Function
No
Meanwhile, hardware of Node B needs two radio frequency (RRU) to provide two-path
transmit channel, and also needs UE supporting receive diversity in this mode.
2.10.5 ZWF21-40-023 Electrical Tilt Antenna

Benefits
This function supports adjusting the down tilt angle through remote or local control
software, and compared with traditional antenna system it has many advantages:
− Adjust the down tilt angle of the electrical tilt antenna without the need of
switching off the power. Detect the down tilt angle in real time.
− High-precision tilt avoids frequency interference and Tx interference.
− The down tilt angle of the antenna can be adjusted remotely without
operator.
− Weather change, time and Node B location have no affect on the tilt
operation of the down tilt angle of the antenna.
Description
This function is used to adjust the down tilt angle through remote or local control
software. It is achieved through changing the phase of multi-element antenna array and
adjusting field amplitudes of the vertical and horizontal vectors. The electrical tilt antenna
control unit is integrated into the Node B internal rack. The operator can adjust and
detect the down tilt angle of an antenna through the RET software in the remote O & M
center, and it is shown in Figure 7. The electrical tilt antenna is widely used in radio
coverage system. And compared to the traditional antenna system, it has many
advantages.

Figure7 Electrical Tilt Antenna System
Remote electrical tilt antenna allows the system to adjust the down tilt angle in
directional pattern without powering off. Therefore, the antenna can be detected and
adjusted in real time, regardless of weather, geographic environment, etc. Its stepping
precision in angle adjustment is high (0.1°). Thus the remote electrical tilt antenna can
be used to adjust the network precisely, shortening the network construction period and
reducing the maintenance cost.
ZTE RAN equipment supports the main functions of Electrical tilt antenna:
− Have standard AISG (Antenna Interface Standards Group) interfaces
− Realize automatic angle adjustment of local antennas

− Control automatic angle adjustment of remote antennas remotely
− One RRU can control a maximum of three electrical tilt antennas to control
the motor
− Perform configuration and network management through LMT or OMC
AISG has two protocol versions: ASIG1.1 and ASIG2.0. ASIG2.0 is written into 3GPP
R7, i.e., Iuant interface (electrical tilt antenna and tower amplifier standard control
interface). ZTE RAN equipment supports ASIG1.1 in V307R1, and ASIG2.0 in V408R1.
Keywords
Electrical Tilt Antenna
Introduced Version
V307R1 supports AISG1.1.
Enhanced Function
Support ASIG2.0 in V408R1, i.e., luant interface.

This feature is optional function, which will be effective when control unit of Electrical Tilt
Antenna is configured in antenna feed part and Node B.
2.10.6 ZWF21-40-024 Extended Cell Range to 120Km

Benefits
This feature can satisfy the requirement for 120Km coverage.
Description
The ZTE RAN product adopts Enhanced technology with high-sensitivity reception,
transmit diversity, and 4-channel-Rx antenna (refer to ZWF21-40-020 80km Remote
Coverage), and improves the baseband hardware and algorithms, using the cell
preamble processing technology. the base station can cover up to 120km distance at
most.
To provide 120km remote coverage, the height for antenna should be 750m (2.1GHz
frequency band) or 260m (900MHz frequency band).
Keywords
Extended Cell Range, Remote Coverage
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is an optional and is controlled by the License. To provide this feature, it is
required to obtain the License and also configure “the ZWF21-40-020 80km remote
coverage”.
2.10.7 ZWF21-40-025 Multi-band Support

Benefits
This feature supports other frequency band besides WCDMA basic frequency band of
2.1G.
Description
3GPP defines 10 types of frequency band as described in Table 2:

Table 2 Definition of 3GPP frequency band
Operating UL Frequencies DL frequencies

Band UE transmit, Node B receive UE receive, Node B transmit
I 1920 - 1980 MHz 2110 -2170 MHz
II 1850 -1910 MHz 1930 -1990 MHz
III 1710-1785 MHz 1805-1880 MHz
IV 1710-1755 MHz 2110-2155 MHz
V 824 - 849MHz 869-894MHz
VI 830-840 MHz 875-885 MHz
VII 2500 - 2570 MHz 2620 - 2690 MHz
VIII 880 - 915 MHz 925 - 960 MHz
IX 1749.9 - 1784.9 MHz 1844.9 - 1879.9 MHz
X 1710-1770 MHz 2110-2170 MHz
Besides UMTS2100, ZTM also supports UMTS850, UMTS900, UMTS1800, and

UMTS1900. In addition, it can support customized frequency bands to satisfy customer
requirements. Node B supports other frequency band through replacing with the RF unit
of the corresponding frequency band, and RNC supports other frequency band through
changing the corresponding radio parameter configuration.
Keywords
Multi-Band
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is optional, which will be effective when radio frequency unit corresponding
to frequency band is configured in base station.
2.10.8 ZWF21-40-026 High Speed Mobility Access
Benefits
This feature enables the system provide multi-media WCDMA service for the user
moving at the speed of 450km per hour, for example, a user in the super highway and
high speed railway.
Description

For the user with high speed move, the Doppler frequency offset is usually very large.
The base station must correctly estimate the frequency difference between the receiver
and the transmitter, and correct the frequency offset. Meanwhile, the base station
receiver must quickly respond to the fast frequency offset variation and compensate the
variation.
The baseband frequency offset compensation algorithm of the ZTE base station
equipment can effectively estimate and compensate the frequency offset during the
random access process， while saving preamble detection resources and flexibly apply
the settings of coherent integration parameters. The baseband frequency offset
compensation algorithm can estimate and compensate the frequency offset of a
dedicated channel and quickly follow the frequency offset variation.
Keywords
High Speed Mobility Access
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
to obtain the License. To improve the service quality in the moving environment, it is
suggested to configure “ZWF21-40-005 RRUs-combined Cell” and “ZWF21-03-021
Layered Cell (HCS)”.
3 Transport Network Functionality

3.1 ATM Package
3.1.1 ZWF22-02-001 ATM Transmission stack
Benefits
This feature supports using ATM as transmission protocol of UTRAN interior as well as
between UTRAN and CN.
Description
The Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a cell-oriented asynchronous transfer mode.

The ATM protocol combines the Benefits of both circuit and packet switching. On the
one hand, it features “Simple Handling” of circuit switching, supports real-time
transparent transmission of service and data without complicated data handling and

adopts end-to-end communication protocol; on the other hand, it is characteristic of

packet switching, for example, it supports variable bit rate service, and adopts statistical
TDM for services transmitted on links. ATM adaptation layer (AAL) provides different
QoS services for upper service so as to use ATM as transmission bearer for different
services. Types of AAL services are shown in Figure 8.
Figure8 Types of AAL services
ATM is adopted as the main protocol for interfaces between UTRAN NEs in 3GPP which
stipulates AAL2 as the bearer of Iu CS IuUP and Iub/Iur FP and AAL5 as the bearer of
application layer protocol of terrestrial interface and Iu PS data.
ZTE RAN equipment supports completed ATM protocol stack in Iub interface, Iur
interface, IuCS and IuPS interface, which is shown from Figure 9 to Figure 12.
Figure9 ATM protocol stack of IuCS interface

Figure10 ATM protocol stack of IuPS interface

Figure11 ATM protocol stack of Iur interface

Figure12 ATM protocol stack of Iub interface
ATM can be based on various types of physical transmission media. The external ATM
transmission interfaces supported by ZTE RAN equipment mainly include E1, T1 and
SDH (STM-1, CSTM-1) (see specifically function description of corresponding interfaces).
E1 and T1 interfaces are used in scenarios with low bandwidth requirements, for
example, NEs are directly connected through lub or lur interfaces. CSTM-1 is used to
implement multiplexing and convergence of several E1/T1 low-speed links in STM-1
signals and primarily used in the case that transmission convergence equipment is used
in Iub and Iur interface. ATM over STM-1 interface is used in scenarios with high
bandwidth requirement, for example, IuCS, and IuPS interfaces.
Keywords
ATM
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No

This feature includes ATM transmission function pack. When ATM technique needs to
be used as transmission bearer, corresponding hardware interface board should be
configured in RNC and Node B.
3.1.2 ZWF22-02-002 PVC Cross Connection

Benefits
This feature supports part of ATM switching ability, achieve cross connection of RNC
and Node B with other network equipments by using ATM protocol, and supports chain-
type topology network.
Description
In scenarios over an ATM network, RNC and Node B need to terminate and handle lub,
lur and lu cell stream carried on ATM cells as the termination node in the ATM network.
Apart from that, ZTE RNC and Node B equipment can also work as an ATM switch to
perform VC-/VP-granularity switching and forwarding of accessed cell stream and
implement PVC cross connection.
Exchange relationship of different VC and VP link is configured statically by OMC.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No
This feature includes ATM transmission function pack. According to the requirement of
transmission network, corresponding hardware interface board should be configured in
RNC and Node B to support ATM transmission.
3.1.3 ZWF22-02-003 Dynamic AAL2 Connections

Benefits
This feature supports dynamically establishing and releasing AAL2 connection and
allocating bandwidth resource of transmission link in Iub, Iur and Iu CS interface,
according to the process of service calling with the transmission of ATM.
Description

3GPP defines AAL2 as bearer mode of Iu CS IuUP and Iub/Iur FP with the transmission
of ATM. In every AAL2 PVC link, multiplexing capability of multi-service is provided
above ATM cell layer by using micro-cell so as to improve the transmission efficiency of
small data packet like voice in Iub, Iur and Iu-CS interface. CID is used to discern
different micro-cells, and every (VPI, VCI, CID) composes an AAL2 connection which
becomes a micro-channel to provide transmission bearer for a service. The number of
CID supported by every AAL2 PVC link is limited. In the case of heavy traffic, multiple
AAL2 PVC links can be configured in every interface.
ZTE RAN equipment adopts Access Link Control Application Protocol (ALCAP, comply
with ITU-T Q.2630.1 and Q.2630.2) to provide dynamic management of AAL2 link,
including establishment, modification and release of AAL2 connection between two
nodes.
In the case of service establishment, ZTE RAN equipment selects links with adequate
resource to establish micro-channel in multiple AAL2 links, and guarantees the
uniqueness of CID allocated to different services. After the service released,
transmission bandwidth and CID resource of the service need to be released for other
services.
When the flow of service bearing on DCH changes, such as decreasing, radio network
can reduce channel bandwidth allocated for the service to spare part of resource to
other users. ZTE RAN equipment supports modifying synchronously transmission
bandwidth of micro-channel of the service by using Q.2630.2 protocol to spare
transmission resource, and avoid the bandwidth waste caused by the mode of
establishing new micro-channel first with releasing old micro-channel later. When the
flow of service is increasing, ZTE RAN equipment can increase transmission bandwidth
occupied by service according to radio network configuration at the same time.
Keywords
AAL2, CID, Q.2630.1, Q.2630.2, ALCAP
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No
3.1.4 ZWF22-02-004 Permanent AAL5 Connections

Benefits

This feature supports statically configuring AAL5 connection in Iub, Iur and Iu interface
with the transmission of ATM, and is used for bearing control plane signal, operation and
maintenance data of Node B and transmission of Iu PS service data.
Description
3GPP defines AAL5 as bearer mode of Iu PS data and application layer protocol of all
ground interfaces with the transmission of ATM. Every AAL5 link is defined by unique
(VPI, VCI) group, whose link parameter is configured statically in background OMC.
ZTE RAN equipment supports configuring AAL5 bearing SAAL signal link in UNI (used
for Iub interface) and NNI (used for Iu and Iur interface) mode to support protocol
message transmission of NBAP, RNSAP, RANAP and ALCAP application layer. ZTE
RAN equipment supports adopting IPOA mode to configure AAL5 bearing IP protocol as
transmission channel of Iu PS user data and Iub interface for transmitting operation and
maintenance data of Node B.
According to the difference of specific scenarios, different AAL5 connection can

configure different ATM service types flexibly to guarantee the reliable transmission of
signal link. CBR is suggested to be selected in ATM service types of AAL5 signal link.
For adjusting to sudden feature of data service, VBR or UBR is suggested to be selected
in ATM service types of AAL5 data link.
Keywords
AAL5, UNI, NNI, IPOA
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No
3.1.5 ZWF22-02-005 AAL2 Quality of Service Separation

Benefits
This feature supports providing different service quality in transport layer through
configuring different types of AAL2 PVC for service of different QoS requirements so as
to guarantee priority transmission of real-time data or time-sensitive data.
Description

ZTE RAN equipment supports ATM PVC service types as followed and can chose
different PVC type for AAL2 link of Iub, Iur and Iu-CS interface to correspond with
different QoS level.
• CBR（Constant Bit Rate）
The CBR enables constant transmission rate and has strict requirements for the
QoS requirements such as transmission delay, transmission packet loss and
transmission jitter. It is applicable to real-time services or services necessitating
constant bandwidth.
• VBR（Variable Bit Rate）
The VBR QoS provides a guarantee against transmission delay and packet loss,
and mainly applies to video services or transmission-delay-sensitive services.
The VBR can be further categorized into real-time VBR (rt-VBR) and non-real-
time VBR (nrt-VBR) based on the varied requirements for transmission delay.
Compared with rt-VBR, the nrt-VBR services allow more transmission delay.
• UBR（Unspecified Bit Rate）
The UBR is applicable to the same services with ABR but without any QoS
assurance.
UMTS Qos Conver sat i onal St r eami ng I nt er act i ve Backgr ound

cl asses cl ass( C) cl ass( S) cl ass( I ) cl ass( B)
I TU- T Qos cl asses

St r i ngent cl ass Tol er ant cl ass
( Pat h Type)
Real - t i me PVC Unr eal - t i me PVC Common PVC

PVC t ype
PRI : PRI : PRI :
C- hi gh I - hi gh C&S- hi gh
S- l ow B- l ow I &B- l ow
ATM f or um ser vi ce
cat egr oi es CBR or r t - VBR UBR or nr t - VBR
Figure13 AAL2 QoS differentiation
ZTE RAN equipment supports configuring real-time or non-real-time feature for AAL2
PVC link bearing services. When building of service, Communication and Stream
services are mapped to real-time AAL2 PVC (CBR or rt-VBR) and I/B services are
mapped to non-real-time AAL2 PVC (UBR or nrt-VBR). It is shown in Figure 13.
Keywords
AAL2, priority, CBR, UBR, VBR
Introduced Version
V304

Enhanced Function
No
This feature includes ATM transmission function pack. When it is necessary for ATM
technique to be used as transmission bearer, corresponding hardware interface board
should be configured in RNC and Node B.
3.1.6 ZWF22-02-006 ATM Link Redundancy

Benefits
This feature supports redundancy protection for ATM transmission link to avoid service
interruption caused by the failure of some physical link to enhance the reliability and
stability of system.
Description
Redundancy protection mechanism of ATM link in ZTE RAN equipment can be used in
physical link layer and logical link layer.
In physical link layer redundancy protection mechanism of ATM link includes:

− Supporting APS protection (obeying to ITU-T G.841 protocol) based on
SDH/SONET technique for optical access; redundancy protection 1+1 mode
or redundancy protection 1:1 mode can be adopted; when main link has
problem, the time of handover to spare link is lower than 50ms.
− Supporting physical link protection of IMAB+DTB for E1/T1 access. When

multiple DTBs are used, in IMA group multiple links can adopt the principle
of load sharing to implement cross-board configuration. When some DTB
interface board has problem or some relay links are cut off, IMA group still
can be used with only bandwidth reduced.
In logical link layer redundancy protection mechanism of ATM link includes:

− Adopting load sharing mechanism for Multiple AAL2 links bearing user
plane data in the case of service access; when some link has problem in a
group of AAL2 links, never using this AAL2 link and choosing other AAL2
links working normally; when the resource of AAL2 with problem recovers,
the AAL2 link will be added into the resource group again.
− Adopting load sharing tactic of multiple next hops in IP routing technique for
AAL5 link (PS service) bearing user plane data to achieve load sharing and
redundancy protection.
− Protection mechanism is finished by SS7 for the signal link of Iu/Iur interface.
If some links have problem, SS7 will implement routing reselection.

− ZTE RAN equipment supports load sharing and reselection backup of

multiple links in the link group bearing NCP, CCP and ALCAP for the signal
link of Iub interface. Adopting IP routing reselection to implement protection
for Node B’s operation and maintenance channel of Iub interface.
ZTE RAN equipment’s function “ZWF21-20-010 Equipment Redundancy” also can

provide redundancy protection for ATM interface board.
Keywords
APS
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No
3.1.7 ZWF22-02-008 Inverse Multiplexing over ATM, IMA

Benefits
This feature adopts Inverse Multiplexing over ATM (IMA) to bind multiple E1 or T1 low-
speed links so as to make ATM pathway bearing on the links support higher bandwidth
and meet the requirement on high-speed services. Meanwhile, redundancy protection
forms in multiple low-speed links of IMA group to enhance reliability of transmission.
Description
Inverse Multiplexing over ATM (IMA) is a technology that reversely multiplexes one ATM
pathway based on cell into several physical connections for transmission and
multiplexes cells transmitted on these connections into a single cell stream. Through
binding multiple low-speed links the bandwidth for transmission of ATM can be
expanded. When the rate of accessing network for user or the rate between two ATM
elements is within two traditional multiplexing levels (for instance, between E1 and E3),
IMA can multiplex several low-speed connections into a logical high-speed connection.
IMA function supported by ZTE RAN equipment abides by AF-PHY-0086.001 criterion of

ATM forum, and is backward compatible with all features in IMA protocol criterion 1.0.
Meanwhile, ZTE RAN equipment still supports TC (UNI) bearer. That means multi-path
binding and multiplexing is not implemented and ATM bearer is based on single relay
link.

When there are several low-speed relay links, OMC can configure whether to use IMA
and which low-speed link to be combined to use IMA. When several low-speed links are
combined to use IMA, if part of these links have problem, other links still can guarantee
IMA group providing service for upper layer, though the transmission bandwidth of the
whole IMA group will be affected.
Keywords
IMA
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No
3.2 IP UTRAN FUNCTION PACKAGE

3.2.1 ZWF22-03-001 IP Transmission Stack
Benefits
Instead of ATM, IP is used as the transmission protocol inside UTRAN or between

UTRAN and CN, to adapt the rapid increasing requirement of traffic because of the
introducing of HSPA and rapid development of data service.
Description
The IP can be deployed as the replacement of ATM transmission protocol between the
interfaces of UTRAN net elements in the 3GPP R5 standard. To ensure the reliable
transmission of No. 7 signaling in IP network without the QoS guarantee, 3GPP
recommends that the transport layer of radio network control plane adopts Sigtran
protocol cluster, while the transport layer of radio network user plane data adopts UDP
or RTP/RTCP protocol directly. The Sigtran protocol cluster referred in IP UTRAN
includes the Stream Control Transport Protocol (SCTP) and MTP3 User Adaptation layer
(M3UA).
ZTE RAN equipment supports the full IP protocol stack on Iub, Iur, IuCS and IuPS
interface, which is as follows:

Figure14 IP protocol stack on IuCS interface
Figure15 IP protocol stack on IuPS interface

Figure16 IP protocol stack on Iur interface
Figure17 IP protocol stack on Iub interface

IP transmission is based on various physical media. ZTE supports different IP

transmission network interfaces, for example, E1, T1, SDH (STM-1, CSTM-1, STM-4),
FE/GE. The detail is referred in correlative document.
Keywords
IP
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No
This is a feature of IP UTRAN function package. For IP transmission, the related

interface board should be equipped in RNC and Node B.
3.2.2 ZWF22-03-002 Static Route

Benefits
The feature supports configuring IP route information of UTRAN by OMC.
Description
The static route is the route information configured by the network administrator
manually. When the network topology structure is changed, the network administrator
should modify the related static route information in the route table manually. The static
route information is private by default, and will not be sent to other routers. In the
planning of IP RAN network, the network topology is usually simple and the static route
is enough to adapt the requirement.
The static route modes which ZTE supports are as follows:

• Direct route generated automatically by configuring IP address to a interface
If the IP address and mask are configured for the network interface of IP
interface board of RNC equipment, the system will generate automatically a
direct route for the corresponding sub-net of the interface IP.
• Static route based on the next-hop IP address
The static route of next-hop IP address can be configured manually by OMCR.
Each static route supports one more next hop.
• Static route based on IP UNNUMBER
The configuration of the static route configured manually by OMCR introduces
IP UNNUMBER technology which does not require the network interface to bind
the IP address, but use an existing network interface IP to generate the route.
This configuration of static route is applicable only to the P2P links. Its main

advantage is to save IP address resources. Therefore, it is very applicable for

IP over ATM and IP over E1/T1 of lub interface.
ZTE RAN equipment can configure different priority for each next-hop path. The load
sharing of IP path is fulfilled based on priority between more next-hops while packets are
sent by route.
Keywords
Route, IP UNNUMBER
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

3.2.3 ZWF22-03-014 IP Header Compression

Benefits
The feature can be used to reduce the consumption of IP headers and improve
utilization ratio of transmission bandwidth.
Description
In the IP transmission, the user plane data between NEs are mainly carried in UDP
packets. Each user plane data packet should introduce the overheads of network layer,
herein referred as the overheads of IP and UDP headers with a total of 28 bytes (20
bytes for IP header, 8 bytes for UDP header). These overheads will badly influence
transmission efficiency of link with low rate (such as IP over E1).
ZTE RAN equipment supports an IP header compression method defined in RFC2507,

efficiently reduces the IP and UDP header overheads of each packet, and improves
transmission efficiency.
Keywords
Overhead of IP header, RFC2507
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function

No

3.2.4 ZWF22-03-015 DiffServ

Benefits
The feature provides differentiated handling priority for different service classes, to
ensure the QoS of different service classes.
Description
ZTE RAN equipment supports the DiffServ （Differentiated Services） technology

defined in IETF RFC2474 and RFC2475. Messages of different service on Iu/Iur/Iub
interface have been marked different DSCP values in IP header, which can provide QoS
guarantee and priority differentiation. DSCP （Differential Service Code Point） has 6
bits, redefining the TOS field of IPV4, it is renamed DS and carry the information
required by IP packet service. Technically, it is a three layer technology without low-layer
transmission technology involved.
DiffServ categorizes QoS service requirements by two mechanisms: DS mark and Per-
Hop-Behavior (PHB). Some different service levels are generated by processing the
different marks of a packet DS field and PHB definition based on DS fields. ZTE RAN
equipment configures each service with corresponding DSCP value on OMCR based on
its type, the metering, packet loss, and shaping functions are implemented by queuing
and scheduling mechanism based on DSCP service hierarchy, so the definition of Qos
classes in wireless network layer can be mapped to transmission network layer.
ZTE RAN equipment marks the DSCP of each service in the carrying IP packet. Network
elements, such as router with MPLS function, along the transmission path examine the
value of the DSCP field and classify the service levels. So IP Qos function based on
DiffServ is accomplished together by IP bearer network and UTRAN architecture.
Keywords
DSCP, DiffServ, MPLS
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No


3.2.5 ZWF22-03-018 BFD for Static Route Redundancy

Benefits
The feature provides the functions including rapid detection of IP route and protection of
fault, mitigates the influence for real-time service (such as voice) because of IP
transmission network handover, and increases QoS.
Description
IP network does not have intermittent fault recovery function of sub-second level, while
the traditional route structure has limited fault detection capability on real-time
application (such as voice). The requirements on fast fault detection and correction
function are getting stricter due to the application of IP voice and other real-time services.
It is critical to prevent the route network from long-time interrupt.
ZTE RAN equipment supports BFD （Bidirectional Forwarding Detection）technology,

which makes it possible to detect errors in forwarding path in a very short period and
triggers the switch to standby route or transmission channel by monitoring the reach
ability of transmission paths which correspond to each next-hop in the static route in real
time. So the troubleshooting time can be reduced within a second.
Keywords
BFD
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

3.3 Other Related Function of Transmission Network

3.3.1 ZWF22-01-004 Iub Interface via Satellite
Benefits

The feature supports Iub interface via satellite to cover the scenarios with poor
transmission resource, such as island or peak. The feature is adopted for not only the
scenario of satellite transmission, but also the scenario with biggish transmission delay
or higher bit error rate on Iub interface.
Description
The Node B sends data to the RNC through the links of the satellite, as shown in the
topology below:
Figure18 Iub interface transmission through the satellite
The adoption of the satellite for transmission mainly affects the transmission delay,
transmission jittering, and Bit Error Rate (BER) of the Iub interface. For the synchronous
satellite, the transmission delay ranges from 250ms to 280ms; for the satellite in the
middle orbit, the transmission delay ranges from 70ms to 120ms; for the satellite in the
low orbit, the transmission delay ranges from 5ms to 25ms.
The BER of the communication channel of a satellite is higher than that of the
transmission channel in the earth. The BER of a typical satellite communication channel
ranges from 10-6 to 10-7, which is larger than the BER (10-7 – 10-8) of a digital microwave
-10
channel and the BER of an optical channel (10 ).In 3GPP TS 25.104, the BER of an air
-3
interface is required to be smaller than 10 , the extra BER brought about by the satellite
channel can be ignored. You only need to consider the impact of time delay on the
system.
In ZTE RAN equipment, the different processing parameters of transmission layer and
FP/RLC layer can be configured according to the estimated time delay and transmission
jittering for the office direction of each Node B. The radio link transmission quality of
Node B with Iub interface over satellite is guaranteed. The unilateralism delay of satellite
transmission link is less than 250ms. For satellite transmission link is influenced easily
by weather, the QoS of Iub interface can’t be guaranteed fully.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version

V305
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature controlled by software License, the related permission is needed.

When networking with this feature, the satellite transmission equipment should be added
in Node B side.
3.3.2 ZWF22-01-009 DS0 Cross Connection

Benefits
For a single E1/T1 trunk line, timeslot splitting and switching at the granularity of DS0 is
supported by this feature which can reduce the transmission resource in the scenario of
2G and 3G co-sharing transmission. .
Description
The Iub interface in the RAN network usually adopts the E1 and T1 transmission. In the
application scenarios where trunk resources are rather scarce and the rental of lines are
too high, it is necessary to formulate a plan reasonably for the existing trunk resources,
explore the potentials of the resources and avoid waste of resources. Supporting the
Fractional E1/T1 technology, ZTE RNC and Node B support timeslot splitting and
switching of a single E1/T1 link at the granularity of DS0, can divide the timeslots into
multiple logic transmission channels and use these channels separately.
A typical application of the DS0 switching is the shared transmission of 2G and 3G

devices. The Abis interface of the 2G device and the Iub interface of the 3G device can
share a physical trunk as the transmission line. Some timeslots of the transmission line
are allocated to the 2G device; some timeslots are allocated to the 3G device. The 3G
Node B and RNC realize the functions of a timeslot switch. They terminate the 3G
service carried over DS0 and switch the 2G service carried over DS0 to the adjacent
BTS and BSC. See the figure below:
Figure19 DS0 cross connection

With the DS0 switching function, the 3G device can carry any DS0 based information
over the transmission resources of the Iub interface, not only just for the 2G and 3G
shared transmission.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
This is an optional feature used for Fractional E1/T1 transmission on Iub interface. It is
used when any of the following features used:
− ZWF22-02-056 ATM over Fractional E1
− ZWF22-02-057 ATM over Fractional T1
− ZWF22-03-062 IP over Fractional E1
− ZWF22-03-063 IP over Fractional T1
3.3.3 ZWF22-01-010 IP/ATM Hybrid Transmission

Benefits
The feature supports ATM and IP protocol which are simultaneously used as the
transmission bearer protocol on Iub interface. For operator, the Benefits brought by
hybrid transmission are as follows:
− Adequately utilizes the existing TDM transmission network, carries real-time
traffic (such as voice) on ATM to guarantee the QoS, and saves the cost of
upgrade to the high quality IP network carrying all services.
− Carries PS traffic with high data rate and lower QoS requirement by low cost
IP network.
Description
ZTE supports configuring ATM and IP as the transmission protocol on Iub interface
simultaneously, and distributing different bearer for different service type. Generally, for
those data services with relaxed real time and higher bandwidth requirement, IP
transmission can be used. For signaling in control plane, voice service, and other real
time data services, ATM transmission can be employed. The RNC automatically
distributes transmission bearer for services based on its type while service built, and
fulfill hybrid transmission.

Keywords
Hybrid transmission
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, it is used when ATM transmission packet and IP transmission

packet are simultaneously configured.
3.3.4 ZWF22-01-018 Synchronization via Wireline for RNC

Benefits
The feature supports synchronizing RNC to network clock through BITS or synchronous
transmission line.
Description
ZTE RNC can use the BITS as the external clock reference source. The electric feature
of the BITS clock must conform to ITU G.703, and the quality of the BITS clock must
conforms to ITU G.812. The RNC supports 2048 kHz, 2048 kbps, and 1544 kbps BITS
reference inputs.
The RNC can also extract and trace line clocks from service interfaces providing
synchronous timing information. These interfaces include E1, T1, STM-1, and POS
interfaces.
The timing information output from these service interfaces should meet the
synchronization interface requirements given in ITU G.823/G.824.
Keywords
Synchronization, Clock, BITS
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No

As an optional feature, the related clock synchronization board should be equipped in

RNC to support it.
3.3.5 ZWF22-01-019 Synchronization via Wire line for Node B

Benefits
The feature supports synchronizing Node B to network clock through BITS or

synchronous transmission line to satisfy the requirement of high-precision frequency
signal.
Description
ZTE Node B can use the BITS as the external clock reference source. The electric
feature of the BITS clock must conform to ITU G.703, and the quality of the BITS clock
must conforms to ITU G.812. The Node B supports 2048 kHz and 2048 kbps BITS
reference inputs.
The Node B can also extract and trace line clocks from Iub interface providing
synchronous timing information. These interfaces include E1, T1, STM-1 interfaces.
The Node B can also output 2.048 Mbps clock signals via E1 interfaces. The clock
conforms to ITU-T G.703 and is provided as a clock reference to the other Node Bs,
BTSs, or other equipment located in the same site.
Keywords
Synchronization, Clock, BITS
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related clock synchronization board should be equipped in

Node B to support it.
3.3.6 ZWF22-01-021 Node B GPS Clock

Benefits
The feature supports synchronizing Node B to GPS.
Description

ZTE Node B supports GPS clock synchronization. A GPS receiver is built in the CC
board. When the GPS clock is used for clock synchronization, a GPS antenna, a GPS
lightning arrester, and a feeder need to be installed. GPS clock signals are input from
the SMA connector on the front panel of the CC board.
Keywords
Synchronization, Clock, GPS
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the CC board with GPS receiver should be equipped to support it.
GPS antenna and the feeder are needed also.
3.3.7 ZWF22-01-022 RNC GPS Clock

Benefits
The feature supports synchronizing RNC to GPS.
Description
ZTE RNC supports GPS clock synchronization. It uses the ICM_C board or ICM_G (only
used for simultaneously supporting AGPS locate service) equipped with a GPS receiver.
When the GPS clock is used for clock synchronization, a GPS antenna, a GPS lightning
arrester, and a feeder need to be installed. GPS clock signals are input from the SMA
connector on the front panel of the ICM_C board.
Keywords
Synchronization, Clock, GPS
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related clock synchronization board (ICM_C board or ICM_G
board) should be equipped in RNC to support it. GPS antenna and the feeder are
needed also.

3.3.8 ZWF22-02-051 ATM Over E1

Benefits
The feature supports ATM over E1.
Description
E1 physical interface complies with ITU-T G.703 standards. The allowed jitter of the
physical interface complies with ITU-T G.823 standards. The structure of frame which is
transferred over E1 interface complies with the ITU-T G.704 standards. E1 has 32
timeslots numbered 0 to 31. Where, timeslot 0 is used to carry the synchronization
information of clock, and timeslot 16 for carrying the control signals (also transferring
information signals if necessary). If out-of-band common channel signaling (CCS) is
adopted, the timeslot 16 can not transfer signaling. Other timeslots can carry data.
For IMA protocol, ZTE RAN equipment uses default value of 30 timeslots to transfer
data, and an E1 supports the physical bandwidth of 1920 kbps. For TC (UMI) mode,
ZTE can maximize the timeslots for data transmission to 31, and maximizes the physical
bandwidth of an E1 to 1984 kbps.
Keywords
ATM over E1
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting E1 transmission should be

equipped in RNC and Node B to support it. ATM transmission function package needs to
be configured simultaneously.
3.3.9 ZWF22-02-052 ATM over T1

Benefits
The feature supports ATM over T1.
Description
T1 physical interface complies with the ITU-T G.703 standards. The allowed jitter of the
physical interface complies with the ITU-T G.824 standards. The structure of frame
which is transferred over T1 interface complies with the ITU-T G.704 standards. T1 has
24 timeslots numbered 0 to 23. All of these timeslots can carry data. The

synchronization is implemented based on the synchronization BIT of each frame,

Therefore, there is no independent synchronized timeslot. A T1 supports the physical
bandwidth of 1536 kbps.
When ATM protocol stack carried on a single T1 link and do not use IMA protocol, the
ATM protocol complies with ITUT- I.0321 standards.
Keywords
ATM over T1
Introduced Version
V304
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting T1 transmission should be

3.3.10 ZWF22-02-054 ATM over Optical STM-1/OC-3

Benefits
The feature supports ATM over optical STM-1/OC-3.
Description
ZTE RNC provides STM-1 interface connected to SDH network and OC-3 (also called
STS-3) interface connected to SONET network. The actual mode of optical interface is
configured by OMM. Transmission complies with ITU-T G.957/G.958 standards.
Transmission media is single-mode fiber meeting ITU-T G.652/G.653 criterion, operating
wavelength is 1310nm, and transmission rate is 155.520Mbps.
Keywords
STM-1, OC-3, SDH, SONET
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
No

As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting STM-1/OC-3 transmission

should be equipped in RNC and Node B to support it. ATM transmission function
package needs to be configured simultaneously.
3.3.11 ZWF22-02-055 ATM over Channelized STM-1/OC-3

Benefits
The feature supports ATM over channelized STM-1/OC-3. Numerous EI/T1 interfaces
can be assembled to improve the interface integration level of RNC.
Description
The STM-1/OC-3 transmission supported by ZTE RNC complies with ITU-T

G.957/G.958 standards. Transmission media is ITU-T G.652/G.653 single-mode fiber,
operating wavelength is 1310nm, and transmission rate is 155.520Mbps.
The channelized STM-1/OC-3 multiplexing is a technology that multiplexes low-speed

tributary signals (for example, 2Mb/s, 34Mb/s and 140Mb/s) into SDH signals (STM-1
frames). The E1-based CSTM-1 multiplexing refers to the insertion and separation of
STM-1/VC-12 signals, and T1-based CSTM-1 multiplexing refers to the insertion and
separation of STM-1/VC11 signals.
The channelized STM-1 supported by ZTE RNC meets ITUT-G.709. Each STM-1 signal
can multiplex 63 E1 or 84 T1 signals, to reduce the number of E1/T1, and the interface
integration level is improved. At the same time, the protection for interface and line is
enhanced by the APS of SDH.
Keywords
Channelized STM-1, CSTM-1
Introduced Version
V306R1
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting channelized STM-1/OC-3

transmission should be equipped in RNC and Node B to support it. ATM transmission
function package needs to be configured simultaneously.
3.3.12 ZWF22-02-056 ATM over Fractional E1

Benefits

The feature supports ATM over fractional E1. The spare timeslots can be used for other
purpose such as transmission of 2G so as to save transmission resource when 2G/3G
co-site.
Description
Fractional E1 physical interface supported by ZTE meets the definition in the af-phy-
0130.000. The transmission rate of each timeslot on E1 is 64Kbps. E1 timeslots used to
carry data can be further divided and used to carry data according to n × 64Kbps.
ZTE supports the carry of TC (UNI) link on n × 64K timeslot subset of one E1 trunk line
so that one E1 can be subdivided into several independent ATM transmission channels
(TC group). For ATM over Fractional E1, only TC mode is used for each E1 to carry
ATM transmission and multiple Fractional E1 links can’t be combined to IMA groups.
Keywords
Fractional E1
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting Fractional E1 transmission

3.3.13 ZWF22-02-057 ATM over Fractional T1

Benefits
The feature supports ATM over fractional T1. The spare timeslots can be used for other
purpose such as transmission of 2G so as to save transmission resource when 2G/3G
co-site.
Description
Fractional T1 physical interface supported by ZTE meets the definition in the af-phy-
0130.000. The transmission rate of each timeslot on T1 is 64Kbps. T1 timeslots used to
carry data can be further divided and used to carry data according to n × 64Kbps.
ZTE supports the carry of TC (UNI) link on n × 64K timeslot subset of one T1 trunk line
so that one T1 can be subdivided into several independent ATM transmission channels
(TC group). For ATM over Fractional T1, only TC mode is used for each T1 to carry ATM
transmission and multiple Fractional T1 links can’t be combined to IMA groups.
Keywords

Fractional T1
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting Fractional T1 transmission

3.3.14 ZWF22-02-058 ATM over E3

Benefits
The feature supports ATM over E3 link.
Description
The E3 port of ZTE RAN complies with ITU-T G.703 Standards. The jittering of the E3
port complies with ITU-T G.823 Standards; the frame transmitted over the E3 link
complies with ITU-T G.832/G.751 Standards. An E3 link has 480 timeslots and supports
the physical bandwidth of 34.368 Mbits. The ATM line can be carried over a single E3
link.
If an E3 link is adopted as the transmission line between NodeB and RNC, the
transmission capacity is equivalent to the capacity of 18 E1 lines, satisfying the
requirement for improving the bit rate of the air interface after the HSPA service is
introduced.
Keywords
ATM over E3
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No


3.3.15 ZWF22-02-059 ATM over T3

Benefits
The feature supports ATM over T3.
Description
The T3 port of ZTE RAN complies with ITU-T G.703 Standards. The jittering of the T3
port complies with ITU-T G.824 Standards; the frame transmitted over the T3 link
complies with ITU-T G.804/G.752 Standards. A T3 link has 672 timeslots and supports
the physical bandwidth of 44.736 Mbits. The ATM line can be carried over a single T3
link.
If a T3 link is adopted as the transmission line between the NodeB and the RNC, the
transmission capacity is equivalent to the capacity of 18 or 28 T1 lines, satisfying the
introduced.
Keywords
ATM over T3
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No

3.3.16 ZWF22-03-010 IEEE 1588

Benefits
The feature supports synchronizing Node B to clock source by IEEE 1588 V2 protocol. It
solves the problem that Node B can’t synchronize to clock source by BITS or
synchronous transmission line in all-IP network, as well as avoiding the high cost of GPS
synchronization mode.
Description
Since the Ethernet does not pose network synchronization requirements, it does not
involve the transmission of synchronization information. The other networks in the link
layer, such as E1 and SDH networks, however, pose network synchronization

requirements. Therefore, synchronization information is encapsulated in frames to be

transmitted in the corresponding link layer.
As an asynchronous network, clock synchronization between RNC and Node B isn’t

needed in WCDMA. But the frequency deviation may be biggish after long time running
because the high-precision clock can’t be provided in Node B, and the UE handover
between different Node B may be influenced. So Node B should be synchronized to the
high-precision clock. ZTE supports IEEE1588 network time synchronization protocol
(also called the Precision Time Protocol), which synchronizes clock to a distributed
system consisting of one or more nodes by network communication. This protocol
adopts the master-slave synchronization mode. The slave port can obtain
synchronization information from the master port to implement high-precision time
synchronization.
IEEE 1588 clocks can be used for clock synchronization when FE or GE transmission is
used on the Iub interface. The IEEE 1588 clock synchronization function is completed by
the RNC and the Node B together. The RNC serves as the Master that provides exact
clock information. The Node B serves as the Slave that extracts clock information and
performs clock synchronization. The clock precision may be influenced by delay and
jitter of network if the IP network between RNC and Node B is complex and the middle
nodes are numerous. The external clock source can be set at a certain syntaxes node of
transmission, from which Node B can obtain clock synchronization by IEEE 1588.
Keywords
1588, PTP, Clock, Synchronization
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No
3.3.17 ZWF22-03-011 VLAN for Node B

Benefits
The feature supports dividing Node Bs and other equipments in the same physical
network into different logic network (Virtual Local Area Network, VLAN). In this way, the
message is restricted to save transmission bandwidth, and the system security is
enhanced.
Description
ZTE Node B supports VLAN function which complies with IEEE 802.1Q standards. The
common Ethernet frame can become the Ethernet frame supporting 802.1Q by adding 4
bytes, which is as follows:

DA SA Type Data CRC
DA SA tag Type Data CRC
TCI
TPID Priority CFI VLAN ID
(0x8100) (4bits) (1bit) (12bits)
IEEE802.1Q
Figure20 VLAN tag
• Tag Protocol Identifier (TPID), 802.1Q tag identifier, with a value of 0x8100
• Tag Control Information (TCI), including:
− VLAN Identified (VLAN ID), 12 bit ID which indicates the VLAN the each
packet belongs to
− Canonical Format Indicator (CFI), 1bit which partitions the frame structure
when the bus Ethernet exchanges data with FDDI or token ring network.
− Priority, 3bits, meets the COS definition in IEEE 802.1P criterion, the higher
the value is, the higher the priority of the frame is. 0 indicates the lowest
priority.
The different VLANs can be divided by VLAN tag in the same physical network; the
interconnection between VLANs is available only by routing or other means, instead of
“direct interconnection”. In this way, the broadcast message is restricted in the domain,
the bandwidth is saved, and the domain security is enhanced.
Keywords
802.1Q, 802.1P, COS, VLAN
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No

3.3.18 ZWF22-03-012 VLAN for RNC

Benefits
The feature supports dividing RNCs and other equipments in the same physical network
into different logic network (Virtual Local Area Network, VLAN). In this way, the message
is restricted to save transmission bandwidth, and the system security is enhanced.
Description
The ZTE RNC supports division of VLANs in compliance with the IEEE 802.1Q and
802.1P.
Each Ethernet interface of the RNC can have multiple sub-interfaces, with each sub-
interface corresponding to a VLAN. When receiving a message with VLAN tag, it can
identify the sub-interface to which the message belongs according to the VLAN ID.
When sending a message, it identifies the ID of the sub-interface of the peer end NE
through route query, marking the VLAN ID corresponding to sub-interface, puts the
message in a transmission queue according to the COS in the header of the message.
The message with the highest priority will be transmitted first.
Keywords
802.1Q, 802.1P, COS, VLAN
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
3.3.19 ZWF22-03-016 UDP Mux

Benefits
When IP transmission is born on low-speed link, this feature can be used to multiplex
the UDP packets for reducing the overhead of the IP packets and improving
Description
When the UTRAN Iub interface transmission uses the IP protocol, the header of the IP
packet occupies certain transmission overhead. For example, the header of the IPV4 is
20 bytes; the header of the IPv6 packet is 40 bytes; the header of the UDP packet is 8
bytes. When the service payload of an IP packet is small, for example, the payload of an
AMR voice packet is 32 bytes; the overhead of the packet header is very large, leading

to lower transmission efficiency. In a low-speed link, the decrease in transmission

efficiency affects the available transmission bandwidth of the link.
ZTE RAN adopts the UDP-mux technology in replacement of the traditional PPP-mux
technology, rearranges the UDP packets at the Iub interface into a large packet with one
header, and then transmits the large packet. In this way, ZTE RAN can reduce the
overhead of the IP packet and improve the transmission efficiency.
Keywords
PPP-mux, UDP-mux
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
No
3.3.20 ZWF22-03-017 QoS based Route

Benefits
The feature supports setting different IP transmission path for different service based on
its type. For different service, the different QoS level is provided, and the transmission
cost is saved.
Description
For all-IP networking, taking the transmission network cost as well as provided QoS level
into account, the operator can set different transmission path for different service. ZTE
supports three QoS-based IP route transmission scenarios:
− Real-time services are carried by IP over E1, while the non-real-time
services are carried by Ethernet.
− Different services use different GE/FE ports and pass through different
transport networks.
− Services are isolated by setting VLANs with different priorities for different
services.
The data service with the requirement of low real-time and high transport bandwidth is
carried on the transmission network with low QoS and lower cost. The service with high
real-time requirement such as voice is carried on the higher cost transmission network
with guaranteed QoS. In the way, the transmission cost can be minimized.
Keywords

Hybrid Transmission
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No
3.3.21 ZWF22-03-021 Transmission SLA Monitoring

Benefits
This feature enables to obtain the diagnosis and test information in the IP transmission
channel between the NEs through SLA configuration, and get to know the QoS indexes
of the bearer link (such as time delay, jittering, and response time).
Description
The QoS indexes (time delay, jittering, packet loss rate, and bandwidth) of the IP
transmission network directly affect the quality of services in the upper layer. During the
preliminary period of network construction, the transmission network vendor usually
signs a Service Level Agreement (SLA) with the wireless operator to specify the quality
of the network. During the network running process, it is necessary to inspect the QoS
indexes of the IP transmission network and provide reference data for the optimization of
the wireless network services and removal of faults.
ZTE RNC supports the SLA detection function. By exchanging the ECHO and REPLY
packets of the SLA between base stations, ZTE RNC can detect the performance
indexes (time delay, jittering, packet loss rate, bandwidth, and throughput) of the IP
transmission channel in Iub interface. The SLA detection adopts a tunneling technology.
ZTE RNC can encapsulate the detection packets into the ICMP or UDP packets
(depending on the attributes of the device in the commercial network).
The SLA detection of ZTE RNC supports instant test and performance test. Through the
instant test, ZTE RNC can conduct a single SLA test for a specified object (the IP
address of a NodeB); through the performance test, ZTE RNC can configure a test task
and conduct consecutive SLA tests for a specified object.
In the instant test, ZTE RNC can configure the SLA message forwarding rate and packet
length through the test task and test the transmission bandwidth of the IP channel.
However, the test is destructive and may cause loss of normal service data. Therefore,
the measurement parameters must be configured carefully.
Keywords
SLA

Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
3.3.22 ZWF22-03-051 IP over E1

Benefits
The feature supports IP over E1, conveniently fulfills all-IP networking of UTRAN with
existing low rate E1 link.
Description
E1 physical interface complies with ITU-T G.703 standard. The allowed jitter of the
physical interface complies with ITU-T G.823 standard. The structure of frame which is
transferred over E1 interface complies with the ITU-T G.704 standard. E1 has 32
timeslots numbered 0 to 31. Where, timeslot 0 is used to carry the synchronization
information of clock, and timeslot 16 for carrying the control signals (also transferring
information signals if necessary). If out-of-band common channel signaling (CCS) is
adopted, the timeslot 16 can not transfer signaling. Other timeslots can carry data. ZTE
uses 31 timeslots to transfer data. An E1 supports the physical bandwidth of 1984 kbps.
Figure21 PPP/MLPPP protocol stack
ZTE RAN equipment supports IP over E1 by PPP and ML/MC-PPP protocol, the
protocol stacks are described in figure 21. PPP protocol processing complies with
RFC1661 and RFC1332 criterion, MLPPP processing complies with RFC1990 criterion,
and MCPPP processing complies with RFC 2686 criterion.
MLPPP can integrate multiple PPP low rate links into one high rate link. MCPPP
supports up to 4 classes of priority (0~3, class 0 is the highest priority and class 3 is the
lowest one). MCPPP can guarantee to realize preferential processing for high priority
service in narrowband link.
When there are many low rate links, no matter PPP or MLPPP, the protocol can be set
at the OMC. For MLPPP mode, which of those links grouped a MLPPP can be set at the
OMC also. If some links are faulty when many low rate links grouped with MLPPP, the

transmission bandwidth of whole MLPPP group is influenced, but other links still
guarantees the MLPPP group to serve for upper layer.
Keywords
IP over E1
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
No

equipped in RNC and Node B to support it. IP UTRAN function package needs to be
configured simultaneously.
3.3.23 ZWF22-03-052 IP over T1

Benefits
The feature supports IP over T1, conveniently fulfills all-IP networking of UTRAN with
existing low rate T1 link.
Description
T1 physical interface complies with ITU-T G.703 standards. The allowed jitter of the
physical interface complies with the ITU-T G.824 standards. The structure of frame
which is transferred over T1 interface complies with the ITU-T G.704 standards. T1 has
24 timeslots numbered 0 to 23. All of these timeslots can carry data. The
synchronization is implemented based on the synchronization BIT of each frame,
Therefore, there is no independent synchronized timeslot. A T1 supports the physical
bandwidth of 1536 kbps.
ZTE RAN equipment supports IP over T1 by PPP and ML/MC-PPP protocol. PPP
protocol processing complies with RFC1661 and RFC1332 criterion, MLPPP processing
complies with RFC1990 criterion, and MCPPP processing complies with RFC 2686
criterion.
Keywords
IP over T1
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function

No

3.3.24 ZWF22-03-053 IP over Electric FE

Benefits
The feature supports IP over FE, making use of IP network which is low cost, convenient
deployment and strong expansion capability to satisfy the demands of business
development and capacity expansion in the future, meeting the development trend of
transmission network.
Description
FE transmission supported by ZTE RAN equipment complies with IEEE 802.3u standard.
The physical interface adopts 100BASE-T (RJ45). MAC layer supports IEEE 802.3
standard Ethernet frame structure. The transmission media is twisted pair, the data rate
can reach 100Mbps.
ZTE RAN equipment supports FE modes including 100Mbps forced and 10/100Mbps
auto-negotiation.
Keywords
FE, Fast Ethernet
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting FE transmission should be

3.3.25 ZWF22-03-054 IP over Electric GE

Benefits
The feature supports IP over electric GE, providing higher transmission bandwidth, and
satisfies the rapid development requirement of data service.

Description
Electric GE transmission supported by ZTE RAN equipment complies with IEEE 802.3ab
standards. The physical interface adopts 1000BASE-T (RJ45). MAC layer supports
IEEE 802.3 standard Ethernet frame structure. The transmission media is twisted pair,
the data rate can reach 1000Mbps.
ZTE RAN equipment supports GE modes including 1000Mbps forced and

10/100/1000Mbps auto-negotiation.
Keywords
GE, Gigabit Ethernet
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting electric GE transmission

should be equipped in RNC and Node B to support it. IP UTRAN function package
needs to be configured simultaneously.
3.3.26 ZWF22-03-055 IP over Optical GE

Benefits
The feature supports IP over optical GE, providing higher transmission bandwidth and
farther transmission distance by optical fiber.
Description
Optical GE transmission supported by ZTE RAN equipment complies with IEEE 802.3z
standards. The transmission media include long-wave single-mode or multi-mode fiber
(meets 1000Base-LX criterion), short-wave multi-mode fiber (meets 1000Base-SX
criterion), the data rate can reach 1000Mbps.
ZTE RAN equipment supports GE modes including 1000Mbps forced and

10/100/1000Mbps auto-negotiation, supports IEEE 802.3 standard Ethernet frame
structure and VLAN frame structure which meets IEEE802.1Q and 802.1P criterions.
Keywords
GE, Gigabit Ethernet
Introduce Version
V306R2

Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting optical GE transmission

3.3.27 ZWF22-03-057 IP over Optical STM-1/OC-3

Benefits
The feature supports IP over optical STM-1/OC-3.
Description
ZTE RNC provides connections to the SDH network through the STM-1 interface and
provides connections to the SONET network through the OC-3 interface (also referred to
as STS-3 interface). The transmission line complies with the ITU-T G.957/G.958
standards. The transmission media is ITU-T G.652/G.653 single mode optical fiber; the
working wavelength is 1310nm; the transmission bit rate is 155.520Mbps.
By mapping the PPP packet into the payload of the SDH/SONET frame, it realizes IP
transmission over STM-1/OC-3 link, or Packet Over SONET/SDH (POS).
Keywords
POS
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting optical STM-1/OC-3

transmission should be equipped in RNC and Node B to support it. IP UTRAN function
3.3.28 ZWF22-03-058 IP over E3

Benefits
This network mode can effectively protect the investment of the operator and
enhance the interface bandwidth, facilitating the network evolution towards the full IP
network.

Description
The E3 port of ZTE RAN complies with ITU-T G.703 Standards. The jittering of the E3
port complies with ITU-T G.823 Standards; the frame transmitted over the E3 link
complies with ITU-T G.832/G.751 Standards. An E3 link has 480 time slots and supports
the bandwidth of 34.368 Mbits. IP over T3 adopts the IP/PPP/HDLC/E3 protocol stack.
If an E3 link is adopted as the transmission line between the NodeB and the RNC, the
transmission capacity is equivalent to the capacity of 18 E1 lines, satisfying the
introduced.
Keywords
E3, IP
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No

3.3.29 ZWF22-03-059 IP over T3

Benefits
This network mode can effectively protect the investment of the operator and
enhance the interface bandwidth, facilitating the network evolution towards the full IP
network.
Description
The T3 port of ZTE RAN complies with ITU-T G.703 Standards. The jittering of the T3
port complies with ITU-T G.824 Standards; the frame transmitted over the T3 link
complies with ITU-T G.804/G.752 Standards. A T3 link has 672 time slots and supports
the bandwidth of 44.736 Mbits. IP over T3 adopts the IP/PPP/HDLC/T3 protocol stack.
If a T3 link is adopted as the transmission line between the NodeB and the RNC, the
transmission capacity is equivalent to the capacity of 18 or 28 T1 lines, satisfying the
introduced.
Keywords
T3, IP

Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No

3.3.30 ZWF22-03-060 IP over Optical STM-4/OC-12

Benefits
The feature realizes IP transmission over the STM-4/OC-12 link of an optical port.
Description
ZTE RNC provides connections to the SDH network through the STM-4 interface and
provides connections to the SONET network through the OC-12 interface (also referred
to as STS-12 interface). The transmission line complies with the ITU-T G.957/G.958.
The transmission medium is ITU-T G.652/G.653 single mode optical fiber; the working
wavelength is 1310nm; the transmission bit rate is 622Mbps.
By mapping the PPP packet into the payload of the SDH/SONET frame, the ZTE RNC
realizes IP transmission borne over the STM-4/OC-12 link, or Packet Over SONET/SDH
(POS).
Keywords
STM-4, POS, OC-12
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting optical STM-4/OC-12


3.3.31 ZWF22-03-061 IP over Channelized STM-1/OC-3

Benefits
The feature realizes IP transmission over the channelized STM-1/OC-3 link. It can
assemble the E1/T1 electrical interfaces in large number and improve the integration
level of the RNC interface.
Description
The STM-1 transmission line complies with ITU-T G.957/G.958 standard. The
transmission medium is ITU-T G.652/G.653 single mode optical fiber; the working
wavelength is 1310nm; the transmission bit rate is 155.520Mbps.
Multiplexing of channelized STM-1 (CSTM-1) is to multiplex the low-bit-rate tributary

signals (such as 2Mb/s, 34Mb/s, and 140Mb/s) into SDH signals (STM-1 frame). The E1
based CSTM-1 multiplexing is to insert and separate the STM-1/VC-12 signals; the T1
based CSTM-1 multiplexing is to insert and separate the STM-1/VC11 signals. ZTE RNC
supports the ITUT-G.709 compliant channelized STM-1 transmission. Each STM-1
channel can be multiplexed into 63 E1 channels or 84 T1 channels, reducing the
requirements for a large quantity of E1/T1 cables and improving the interface integration.
Meanwhile, if ZTE RNC adopts CSTM-1, it can use the APS protection technology of the
SDH and the interface and line protection can be enhanced.
Keywords
Channelized STM-1, CSTM-1
Introduced Version
V306R1
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting channlized STM-1/OC-3

3.3.32 ZWF22-03-062 IP over Fractional E1

Benefits
The feature realizes the IP transmission over some timeslots of an E1 link. The spare
timeslots can be used for other purposes, for example, the spare timeslots can be used
for 2G network transmission so as to save transmission resources when 2G and 3G co-
site.
Description

The Fractional E1 port of ZTE RAN satisfies the definition of the af-phy-0130.000. Each
timeslot of the E1 link is equivalent to the 64Kbps transmission capability. The 30 (31)
timeslots in each E1 link can be further divided to realize n*64Kbps data transmission.
ZTE RAN carries the IP transmission over the Fractional E1 by using the PPP and
ML/MC-PPP protocol. The PPP processing complies with the RFC1661 and RFC1332
Standards; the MLPPP processing complies with the RFC1990 Standards; the MCPPP
processing complies with the RFC 2686 Standards.
When there are many low rate fractional E1 links, whether to use MLPPP, or which of
those links grouped a MLPPP can be set at the OMC. If some links are faulty when
many low rate links grouped with MLPPP, the transmission bandwidth of whole MLPPP
group is influenced, but other links still guarantees the MLPPP group to serve for upper
layer.
Keywords
Fractional E1
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting Fractional E1 transmission

3.3.33 ZWF22-03-063 IP over Fractional T1

Benefits
The feature realizes the IP transmission over some timeslots of a T1 link. The spare
timeslots can be used for other purposes, for example, the spare timeslots can be used
for 2G network transmission so as to save transmission resources when 2G and 3Gco-
site.
Description
The Fractional T1 port of the ZTE RAN satisfies the definition of the af-phy-0130.000.
Each timeslot of the T1 link is equivalent to the 64Kbps transmission capability. The 24
timeslots in each T1 link can be further divided to realize n*64Kbps data transmission.
ZTE RAN realizes IP transmission over the Fractional T1 link by using the PPP and
ML/MC-PPP protocol. The PPP processing complies with the RFC1661 and RFC1332
Standards; the MLPPP processing complies with the RFC1990 standards; the MCPPP
processing complies with the RFC 2686 standards.

When there are many low rate fractional T1 links, whether to use MLPPP, or which of
those links grouped a MLPPP can be set at the OMC. If some links are faulty when
many low rate links grouped with MLPPP, the transmission bandwidth of whole MLPPP
group is influenced, but other links still guarantees the MLPPP group to serve for upper
layer.
Keywords
Fractional T1
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No
As an optional feature, the related interface board supporting Fractional T1 transmission

4 HSDPA
4.1 HSDPA Introduction Package
4.1.1 ZWF23-01-001 HSDPA Common Carrier with R99
Benefits
This feature supports R99 and HSDPA in the same carrier. It will use the spare
resources of R99 for the high data speed services. The HSDPA can make full use of the
remaining resource in cells to improve resource utilization and reduce the OPEX.
Description
HSDPA can share a carrier frequency with R99. A cell can provide R99 services and
HSDPA services at the same time, and public resources (including channelization codes,
Node B transmit power, and Iub interface transmission bandwidth) of the cell can be
allocated between R99 services and HSDPA services.
ZTE RAN equipments support both R99 and HSDPA services simultaneously in one cell.
ZTE RRM algorithm will guarantee appropriate cell public resources allocation between
these two services.
Keywords

N/A
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
N/A
This feature is a basic function, controlled by software license, and needs to obtain
corresponding permission.
4.1.2 ZWF23-01-003 HSDPA UE Category Support
Benefits
This feature supports different HSDPA UE categories. Different UE categories are
defined to support different data rates capability.
Description
ZTE RAN equipments support all of these categories defined in 3GPP TS 25.306 which
describe the terminal’s capability level for HSDPA. HS-DSCH physical layer categories
refer to this table:
Table 3 HSDPA UE Category Support
HS-DSCH Maximum Minimum Modulating MAC Level

category number of inter-TTI Method Peak Speed
HS-DSCH interval
codes
received
1 5 3 QPSK， 1.2Mbps
16QAM
16QAM
16QAM
16QAM
16QAM

16QAM
16QAM
16QAM
9 15 1 QPSK， 10Mbps
16QAM
10 15 1 QPSK， 13.9Mbps
16QAM
11 5 2 QPSK 0.9Mbps
12 5 1 QPSK 1.8Mbps
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V305 supports the above categories, except Category 9 and Category 10
Enhanced Function
V306R1 supports the above categories, including Category 9 and Category 10
4.1.3 ZWF23-01-011 HSDPA Adaptive Modulation and Coding
Benefits
AMC is a typical link adaptation technology adopted by HSDPA. AMC can realize real
time balance of the link according to the change of the fading channel. The link
adaptation technology is intended to increase system capacity and improve
communication quality.
Description
AMC works on the following principle: Node B selects the optimal downlink modulation,
coding mode and the number of HS-DSCH Channel at the network side according to the
wireless channel quality status (CQI report) reported by the current UE and the
utilization of network resources, so as to determine the rate of data transmitting, raising
the data throughput of the UE, and reducing transmission delay. Data rate is adjusted by
changing the modulation strategy, setting effective coding rate, and setting appropriate
number of HS-PDSCH codes. AMC can attain the large system capacity and high
communication quality.

ZTE can support two types of link adaptation technologies (AMC), including inloop link
adaptation and outloop link adaptation.
Inloop link adaptation should be based on the CQI. The core principle is that Node B
selects the modulation and coding mode and size of the transmission block according to
the CQI reported by the UE. When the UE is at a favorable communication point (for
example, the UE is close to Node B or a direct ray path is available), a high-order
modulation and high-rate channel coding mode (for example, 16QAM and 3/4 coding
rate) can be selected to transmit subscriber data, thus attaining high transmission rate.
When the UE is at a far point of the cell, or in a high-fading area or shadow area, a low-
order modulation and low-rate channel coding mode (for example, QPSK and 1/4 coding
rate) can be selected to ensure communication quality.
Outloop link adaptation is based on the ACK/NACK/DTX fed back by the HS-DPCCH.
The CQI reports that there exists a delay. Therefore, the single inloop link adaptation
mode cannot control the downlink BLER to the target value approximately under any
circumstance. In this case, outloop link adaptation is required. ZTE’s UMTS Node B
uses the outloop link adaptation mode. For details, refer to the ZWF23-01-015 CQI
adjustment of HSDPA.
Keywords
AMC
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.4 ZWF23-01-012 HSDPA Multiplex
Benefits
This feature supports HS-PDSCH sharing mode like code division multiplexing and time
division multiplexing. It will share the channels of HSPA at the greatest extent, then
improving the channel utilization.
Description
The HS-PDSCH is shared by all HSDPA users in the cell, thus improving channel
utilization. Node B will divide the resources to different UEs. ZTE RAN equipments can
support the following division multiplexing methods:
• Code Division Multiplexing

ZTE UMTS Node B allows up to four UEs to be scheduled within a 2 ms TTI in

a cell, that is, allow a maximum of four UEs to multiplex the HS-DSCH code
channels at the same time. However, the number of channelization codes
allocated to a UE should not exceed the receiving capability of the UE.
• Time Division Multiplexing
Time division multiplexing means that different users can multiplex the same
HS-DSCH channel according to 2 ms TTI.
During code division multiplexing, the HS-DSCH channelization codes can be divided
into several subsets, which are allocated to different users. This mode can support not
only the transmission of a small amount of data (in this case, the transmitted data needs
only some channelization codes of the HS-DSCH in the cell), but also the channelization
code allocation for the UEs with different capability catalog
Time division can realize the fast allocation on HS-DSCH channel and allocate the cell
throughput according to different user’s requirements of services.
Keywords
Code division multiplexing, Time division multiplexing
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.5 ZWF23-01-013 HSDPA Fast Scheduling
Benefits
This feature can provide many kinds of scheduling algorithm. It will use 2ms to respond
the changes of terminal channel and services. It will fast schedule the wireless
resources among different customers in a cell, to improve the whole cell throughput.
Description
Fast scheduling is one of the key technologies of HSDPA. It is implemented by a new
functional entity MAC-hs. Scheduling function is moved from RNC to Node B. The
packet scheduling in Node B is based on information of the channel quality, terminal
capability, QoS class, and Node B power/code availability. Scheduling is fast because it
is performed as close to the air interface as possible, using the physical layer feedback
information on the channel quality and a short frame length (2ms) is used.

ZTE RAN equipments support the following scheduling algorithms,. It can be configured
by operator’s requirements.
• Round Robin:
This scheduler won’t consider the channel quality of UEs, and applies poll schedule.
That is to allocate each UE the same process time, when the current serving time is over,
this UE will go back to the end of the sequence to wait for the next process time. Its
schedule period is flexible, and the longest time is 100 ms, which belongs to slow
scheduler.
• Max C/I
This scheduler allocates resources according to the channel quality of UEs, and it
always transmits the UE data with maximum C/I value. It can provide the biggest flow
but has the worst fairness. It’s especially suitable for those service charged on the flow
such as huge size data download
• Proportional Fair
The PF scheduler provides a trade-off between fairness and cell throughput, and
provides a significant coverage extension. ZTE Node Bs employs the following formula
to calculate the scheduling priority of each UE.
These algorithms bring dramatic effects on the cell service fairness, and the throughput
rates of both individual UE and the cell. As a trade-off between RR and MaxC/I, the PF
algorithm can help realize larger throughput rates and better service fairness.
ZTE RAN equipments can support the following Enhanced Functions based on PF
scheduling algorithm.
• Support configurable Fair Factor
By configuration of different fair factors, the PF algorithm will approach to fair
service time algorithm (more and more fair) or Max C/I (less and less fair, but
will gain the highest cell throughput). It can meet different operator’s
requirements.
• Support Service PRI and User PRI
Service PRI and User PRI will be performed by SPI (Schedule Priority Indicator).
It will be mapped by RAB parameter from CN (Please refer to. “ZWF23-05-001
HSDPA QoS Mapping”). SPI is an input during Node B scheduling.
• Support Service GBR
Node B will consider the GRB parameter during scheduling to provide the
wireless bearer for the real time service like streaming or conversation services.
Keywords
Mac-hs, Fast Schedule, RR, Round Robin, Fair Time Schedule, Max C/I, Max
Instantaneous Channel Quality Schedule, PF, Proportional Fair, SPI
Introduced Version

V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.6 ZWF23-01-014 HSDPA HARQ
Benefits
HARQ can improve the transmission efficiency significantly. The ACK/NACK delay in
HSDPA is 8.5 slots (5.67ms compares to 100ms in R4), and CQI feedback delay in
HSDPA is 3 slots. When a data packet is retransmitted, the transmit format, modulation
scheme and transmit power may be different from the original transmission.
Description
HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat request) is an integration of ARQ and FEC (Forward
Error Correction). It is intend to adapt accurately and quickly to the channel quality with
AMC together. HARQ offers better error rate performance than conventional ARQ.
ZTE RAN equipments can support the following HARQ strategies:
• Chase Combining (CC)
The retransmission consists of the same set of coded bits as the initial transmission
• Incremental Redundancy (IR)
The retransmission consists of a different set of coded bits that represents the same
information.
IR can provide better performance than CC in some situations, but uses more buffer
memory in the terminal.
The HSDPA system supports multiple concurrent HARQ processes, so as to transmit

data for a subscriber continuously. HARQ uses the Stop and Wait protocol for data
transmission. The time sequence design of the physical layer of HSDPA can reflect the
result of data transmission from HSDPA. The delay is equal to at least six 2-ms TTIs. To
utilize the wireless channels completely and ensure full-rate operation, one UE requires
at least six HARQs.
HARQ uses fast repeat combination technology to make full use of every transmission. It
not only gets the gain from time diversity, but also reduces the required first transmission
power due to reduce of the first transmitting BLER. It can improve the system
performance and power utilization.
Keywords

CC, Chase Combining, IC, Chase combining, HARQ, PIR, FIR
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.7 ZWF23-01-015 HSDPA CQI Adjustment
Benefits
This feature supports adjusting the CQI from different UEs, improving the available level
of CQI and the performance of scheduling algorithm.
Description
In the HSDPA system, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) is used to transfer the
downlink data. The MCS must be adjusted to the ever-changing channel conditions, thus
maximizing the channel capacity and throughput. In the current system, the UE
measures and feeds back the CQI. Node B determines the MCS that is used to transmit
the subsequent downlink data of the UE according to the CQI and other resource status.
When the UE generates the CQI, the target BLER is 10%. Due to the implementation
difference among vendors and measurement error, the reported CQI is not accurate.
Therefore, the following results are caused:
• The mechanism cannot acquire the optimal MCS timely and effectively
• The BLER is fluctuated greatly
• The UE cannot acquire due QoS
• System throughput is reduced
If the CQI of the UE is overestimated, the transmission block is extremely large and the
downlink BER exceeds 10%. If the CQI of the UE is underestimated, the transmission
block is extremely small and system throughput is reduced.
To solve the problem, ZTE UMTS Node B implements outloop power control, tracks the
changes of the channel conditions effectively, and controls the BLER of the newly
transmitted MAC-hs TB to the target value of 10% approximately. Node B adjusts the
target CQI according to the CQI and ACK fed back by the UE. The intent is to reduce the
measurement error of the CQI, relieve the impact of the implementation difference
among the UE vendors, ensure the QoS of the UE, and raise system throughput.
Keywords

CQI
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
This feature belongs to HSDPA Introduction Package and is controlled by software
license.
4.1.8 ZWF23-01-021 HSDPA Cell Indicator in Idle Mode
Benefits
It is indicated in system information whether HSDPA is supported in the cell. With the
indication, the user is able to know the HSDPA availability in the area where he/she is.
Description
HSDPA cell indicator is introduced in SIB5 and SIB5bis. After receiving the indicator, the
UE can display the HSDPA availability in the cell it is camped on. Accordingly, the user
can choose proper services. For example, the HSDPA data card user will firstly search
the HSDPA carrier to camp. This cell selection strategy depends on UE.
HSDPA indication is introduced in 3GPP R6. R5 HSDPA UE needs to upgrade to R6 to

support this feature.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.9 ZWF23-01-022 HSDPA 1.8Mbps Peak Bit Rate
Benefits

This feature can support 1.8Mbps HSDPA peak rate per subscriber.
Description
ZTE’s UMTS RAN supports 5 SF16 HS-DSCH channels. When the UE uses an
interactive service or background service in a HS-DSCH, the peak rate in the MAC layer
can be as high as 1.8 Mbps. The HSDPA UE capability level is 3 to 10 or 12.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
license.
4.1.10 ZWF23-01-023 HSDPA 16 Users per cell
Benefits
This feature supports 16 HSDPA subscribers in a single cell simultaneously.
Description
ZTE’s UMTS RAN supports up to 16 concurrent HSDPA users in a cell which is
controlled by parameter of HsdschTrafLimit. For details of the parameter refer to ZTE
UMTS Admission Control Feature Description.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
license.

4.1.11 ZWF23-02-001 PS Interactive/Background Service over HSDPA
Benefits
This feature provides interactive/background RABs over HSDPA channels. This feature
makes it possible to bear more services and provide higher service speed than that over
DCH channel.
Description
The HSDPA has the advantages of higher speed, channel sharing and higher radio
efficiency, so it mainly bears high data rate and high burst services.
The bandwidth of a HSDPA cell is shared by all users in the cell. ZTE equipment
provides HSDPA cell peak rate up to 13Mbps in laboratory environment. In common
radio coverage condition, cell peak rate may be less than 10Mbps and average
throughput of the HSDPA cell may be 3Mbps to 5Mbps, more than 3 times than the
throughput of R99 cell.
Radio parameters in RAB for interactive/background PS data services are fully

compliant to 3GPP TS 34.108.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V305 supports 7.2Mbps MAC peak data speed
Enhanced Function
V306 supports 13.976Mbps MAC peak data speed
4.1.12 ZWF23-02-002 PS Streaming Service over HSDPA
Benefits
The feature provides streaming RABs over HSDPA channels for packet data services
from PS domain, especially for streaming applications. The feature provides streaming
packet data services with a guaranteed Quality of service and reach higher data rate
than that provided by DCH.
Description
HS-DSCH is a type of sharing channel that provides services for all UEs using the
channel. So HSDPA cells mainly bear high data rate and high burst services, for
example, interactive or background services.

Nevertheless, streaming services could be born over HS-DSCH if appropriate

mechanisms are applied to guarantee the requirement of bit rate and transmission delay
of streaming services. These mechanisms include QoS Mapping in RRM (please refer to
feature “ZWF23-05-001 QoS Mapping for HSDPA Service” for detail), Flow Control in
transport layer (please refer to feature “ZWF23-05-002 HSDPA Flow Control” for detail)
and Scheduling based on service classes (please refer to feature “ZWF23-01-013
HSDPA Fast Scheduling” for detail).
The guaranteed bit rate of a streaming RAB is assigned by CN and assured by RNC,
Node B and transmission network for Iub interface. The max bit rate of the RAB depends
on the UE category. The streaming RAB may also be combined with an interactive RAB
for which an 8Kbps uplink RB and an 8Kbps downlink RB are used. This is the natural
starting point for a PS streaming session as this normally starts with a content browsing
for which an interactive RAB is used. When the streaming RAB is released, then the
interactive RAB will remain and the interactive data session can continue as before the
streaming RAB was established.
The streaming RAB also supports a downlink delay attribute from the packet switched
core network in the RAB assignment. The downlink delay attribute is used to configure a
buffer from which SDUs are discarded when full.
Radio parameters in RAB for streaming PS data services are fully compliant to 3GPP TS
34.108.
Keywords
GBR over HSPA
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.13 ZWF23-02-003 RAB Combination for CS over DCH and PS over

HSDPA
General
The RAB combination is used for concurrent services of CS and PS domain.
Benefits
The RAB combination is used to support simultaneous voice or video call services in CS
domain and packet data service in PS domain.
Description

This feature supports following the concurrent services in CS domain and I/B services in
PS domain:
• Concurrent services of multi-rate AMR speech services in CS domain and I/B

services in PS domain.
• Concurrent services of video call in CS domain and I/B services in PS domain.
The supported RB combinations are compliant to 3GPP TS 34.108.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V305 supports one CS service and maximum two PS I/B services concurrently.
Enhanced Function
V307R1 supports CS wideband AMR service and maximum two PS I/B services
concurrently.
V307R2 supports CS service and PS streaming services concurrently.
V308R1 supports one CS service and maximum three PS I/B services concurrently.
4.1.14 ZWF23-02-004 RAB Combination for Multiple Packet Data Services

over HSDPA
Benefits
This feature supports to use HSDPA channel to bear multiple RABs for several PS
services. The RAB combination provides the bearer for multiple PDP context
applications. RAB combination supports multiple packet data services such as receiving
MMS while packet data services going on. The IMS based streaming services and VOIP
also need to use multiple PDPs simultaneously.
Description
ZWF23-02-004 HSDPA supports a maximum of three concurrent PS interaction services,
background services, and streaming services. The maximum rate of each PS service
depends on the rate configured in the CN. Additionally, the rate sum of all services
cannot exceed the maximum rate of HSDPA. The peak rate depends on the UE
capability level, system load, and local wireless environment.

ZTE’s UMTS RAN allows HSDPA to carry multiple concurrent PS services. The RAB
parameters comply with the 3GPP TS 34.108 protocol.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V305 supports two concurrent PS domain I/B services.
Enhanced Function
V307R2 supports two concurrent PS domain S services.
V308R1 supports maximum three concurrent PS domain I/B/S services.
4.1.15 ZWF23-03-001 HS-DSCH serving cell change
Benefits
This feature makes it possible to keep service continuity and ensure communication
quality during user moving among HSDPA cells.
Description
Every HSDPA user’s data is received in the HS-DSCH channel. Although the current
situation is macro diversity, this cell will be called user’s HS-DSCH service cell.
HS-PDSCH channel doesn't support soft handover, so HS-PDSCH performs hard

handover during serving cell change.
ZTE RAN equipments can support, while the UE moving within HSDPA coverage,
according to the signal intensity of pilot channel of cell measured by the UE, it updates
HS-DSCH serving cell dynamically and implements the continuous coverage of HS-
DSCH serving cell. In case of load balance between co-coverage HSDPA cells with
different frequency, or RNC performing the HCS handover from micro-cell to macro-cell
based on load or moving speed, then blind handover is executed without frequency
measurements.
The serving HS-DSCH cell change happen among the cells with same frequency. When
the best cell changed (1D event triggered) and this cell supports HSDPA, RNC will
trigger the serving HS-DSCH cell change procedure. The serving HS-DSCH cell change
can also happen among the cells with different frequency. When inter-frequency hard
handover meets the handover judgment condition and the target cell supports HSDPA,
RNC will trigger the hard handover together with serving HS-PDSCH cell change
procedure.
Keywords
Serving Cell Migration, Serving Cell Change
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced function
N/A
4.1.16 ZWF23-03-002 HS-DSCH handover to/from DCH
Benefits
When the UE roams between the HSDPA cell and R99 cell, the migration between the
HS-DSCH and DCH occurs to keep service continuity.
Description
When the HSDPA user is moving, if the target cell cannot support HSDPA services or
HSDPA resource is not sufficient to accept the new user, this feature can support UE to
change the channel from HS-DSCH to DCH to keep the service continuity.
When the soft handover is in progress, if the HS-DSCH serving cell will be deleted from
the current active set and there are no cells in the new active set to support HSDPA, the
service will return from HS-DSCH channel to DCH, and then perform the soft handover
procedure.
When the hard handover is in progress, if the target cell can not use HS-DSCH channel,
the services will be configured to DCH at the same time.
When the DCH borne PS user is moving, if the target cell is HS-DSCH channel available,
ZTE RAN equipments can support to change DCH channel to HS-DSCH channel to
increase spectrum utilization.
After soft handover, if the new added cell in the active set supports HSDPA, the DCH
channel will be changed to HS-DSCH channel at the appropriate moment.
When the hard handover is in progress, if the target cell is HS-DSCH available, the
services will be migrated from DCH channel to HS-DSCH.
This feature can be used for intra-RNC handover or inter-RNC handover.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced function
N/A
This feature is an optional function, controlled by software license, and needs to obtain
4.1.17 ZWF23-03-003 HS-DSCH inter-RAT Reselection
Benefits
This feature makes it possible to keep service continuity and ensure communication
quality during user moving from WCDMA cell to GSM cell.
Description
ZTE RAN equipment UE migrates from WCDMA cell to GSM cell directly when HSDPA
user with HS-DSCH services need handover to GSM cell, no need back to DCH for
inter-system reselection.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced function
N/A
4.1.18 ZWF23-03-004 HSDPA Soft/Softer Handover of A-DPCH
Benefits
This feature supports A-DPCH soft/softer handover when HSDPA users are moving
among cells with same frequency.
1. It enhances reliability of signal data transmission.
2. It can keep the UE synchronization in different cells because of the multi-path effect
of A-DPCH active set.
3. It can keep the HSDPA data transmission continuity when HS-DSCH serving cell is
changing in active set.
Description
In order to transmit upper layer RRC signaling, NAS layer signaling and physical power
control information, HSDPA users need to configure DPCH channel, called as A-DPCH.
ZTE RAN equipment processes A-DPCH just like common DPCH, supports A-DPCH
soft/softer handover. Please refer to ZWF21-03-001 Soft and Softer Handover.
ZTE RAN equipment also supports associated F-DPCH soft/softer handover when using
associated F-DPCH.
Keywords
A-DPCH
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced function
N/A
4.1.19 ZWF23-04-001 Admission Control for HSDPA Service
Benefits
1. Prevents the system from being overloaded and improves the system stability.
2. Allocates system resource based on service priority for different users and services
under the premise of guaranteeing the system stability.
Description
When Node B and UE can support HSDPA, it is possible to allocate HSDPA wireless
resources. The scenarios where the service requires new system resources include
RRC connection, RAB connection setup, RAM modification, SRNC relocation, lur port
switching, RNC internal switching, and dynamic channel allocation. ZTE RAN
equipments will fully consider the existing resource status in advance to prevent the lack
of resources when the HSDPA services access or the system overload after the services
accessed.
• The number of HSDPA services
Excessive users share the HS-DSCH channel will reduce the average user services
QOS. According to the requirements of services, the maximum number of services
can be limited by HS-DSCH per cell properly.
• HSDPA Data Throughput
The HSDPA data throughput is performed for the GBR service, like streaming
and conversation service. It will set a HSDPA cell throughput threshold for the
new HSDPA service.
• Download Power
The HS-DSCH admission control based on downlink power is performed for the
GBR service only. RNC will forecast based on the changes of download power after
the new HSDPA services accessed. It will set a total HSDPA downlink power
threshold after the new services accessed.
• HSDPA users need to use associated DPCH (or associated F-DPCH). It is
considered about the occupation of cell download channel code and base station
CE resource based on associated DPCH (or associated F-DPCH).
ZTE RAN equipments will consider basic priority (ZWF21-05-003 Differentiated Service)
when use admission control. It is possible to make the high priority user and service to
get the more system resources, to improve the QoS.
Keywords
Admission Control
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced function
N/A
4.1.20 ZWF23-04-002 Overload Control for HSDPA Service
Benefits
This feature supports to launch the function of reducing load and maintain the system
stability when the system is in overload status. It can divide the priority of HSDPA
service, to allocate the different users and services reasonably.
Description
Overload control of the HSDPA is measured by the emission power of cells. When the
downlink power reaches the threshold, it will trigger the load control as following:
Reduce the DCH borne services rate
If UE is in soft handover state and the overload cell is not the best one in the active set,
the DCH (includes associated channel) link will be deleted in the overload cell
Handover the UE to cells with the same coverage of different frequency or different
system by force (especially DCH services on the DCH or GBR services on the HS-DSCH).
Migrate I/B services to the CELL FACH state by force

Drop calls by force
ZTE RAN equipments will consider basic priority (ZWF21-05-002 RAB QoS Parameters
Mapping) when use admission control. It is possible to make the high priority user and
service to get the more system resources, to improve the QoS.
Keywords
Overload Control
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced function
N/A
4.1.21 ZWF23-04-003 Load Balance for HSDPA Service

Benefits
When WCDMA has several frequency bands or deployed together with GSM network,
ensure that the load of the layered-cell covered area is shared in different layers so that
the service quality and stability of the system can be improved.
Description
After introducing HSDPA, ZTE equipments can support:
When WCDMA has several frequency bands or deployed together with GSM network,
ensure that the load of the layered-cell covered area is shared in different layers so that
the service quality and stability of the system can be improved (refer to “ZWF21-04-11
Overload Balance”).
Load balance based on measurement is suitable for inter-frequency load balance with
different coverage areas.
The basic load balance procedure is referred to ZWF21-04-001 Load Balance.
Keywords
Load Balance
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.22 ZWF23-04-004 Dynamic Channel Type Transfer for HSDPA Service

Benefits
According to user service requirement and system resource utilization, it supports
choosing transmission channel and dynamic migration between channels. This feature
can make full use of radio resource of system, ensure the stability of system and service
QoS.
Description
After introducing HSDPA, ZTE RAN equipments can select DL HS-DSCH, DCH or
FACH channel and relative configuration parameters for users according to services
requirement and system state.
ZTE RAN equipments support dynamic migration between different channels in order to
satisfy services requirement and system resource, in the following factor state:
• Save system resource by adjusting channel type dynamically according to I/B real-
time service data flow.
− When DL service data flow is too large,
− When DL service data flow is too small, trigger the migration from HS-DSCH
to FACH.
− When there is no DL service data flow, trigger the migration from HS-DSCH
to PCH or idle.
− When PCH UE will send the data, trigger the migration from PCH to HS-
DSCH.
− When UE needs send data in PCH state, trigger the migration from PCH to
HS-DSCH.
• Slow down the system load by adjusting channel type according to cell load. When
cell load is too high, user can migrate from special HS-DSCH to common FACH, to
reduce system load and maintain system stability.
• Ensure service quality by adjusting channel type according to DL channel quality.
When UE in HS-DSCH channel moving to cell margin touch off 1F event, it
shows the channel quality is bad, and then touch off the migration from HS-
DSCH to DCH.
• Ensure the service continuity by adjusting channel type according to aimed
handover cell.
When DL channel changing, UP channel changes too. When DL is FACH, UL must be

RACH; when DL is HS-DSCH, UL is DCH or E-DCH.
Keywords
Channel Switching, Channel Type Switching, Channel Rate Switching
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.23 ZWF23-04-005 Power Allocation for HSDPA

Benefits
1 It enhances the user capacity of HSPDA system.
2 It enhances the utilization radio of system resource.
Description
HSDPA power control includes HSDPA power allocation and HS-PDSCH Measurement
Power Offset configuration.
ZTE equipments support HSDPA power dynamic configuration modes:

• RNC static configuration
If maximum transmit power defined by RNC, it will never change.
• RNC dynamic configuration
The maximum power adjusted by RNC dynamic, the following events will touch
off RNC to adjust HSDPA total power:
− When system congests according HSDPA power limitation, HSDPA total
power can be enlarged.
− When system congests according R99 power limitation, HSDPA total power
can be reduced.
− HSDPA total power can be reduced when cell overload.

• Node B free configuration
Node B adjusts HSDPA service power fast based on R99 services power
station, in favor of making full use of residual resource by R99 service.
HS-PDSCH Measurement Power Offset is used to CQI value feed by UE. RNC
configure reasonable HS-PDSCH Measurement Power Offset based on cell total power.
Keywords
Dynamic Power Control
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.24 ZWF23-04-006 Code Allocation for HSDPA

Benefits
3 It enhances the user capacity of HSPDA system.
4 It enhances the utilization radio of system resource.
Description
After introducing HSDPA into network, ZTE RAN equipments support the following
HSDPA related channel code resource management:
• Downlink Scramble Code
HS-SCCH、HS-PDSCH and associated F-DPCH use cell main scramble code.
• Uplink Scramble Code

HS-DPCCH uses the same scramble as UE uplink DPCCH scramble.
• Downlink Channelized Code
Every cell can configure four HS-SCCH channel, channelized code adopting
static configuration mode, the SF factor is 128. HS-PDSCH adopting
channelized code which SF is 16. When deploying HSDPA cell with
independent carrier, HS-PDSCH can adopting common channel and associated
channel adopting other channelized code. When HSDPA and R99 using same
carrier, ZTE RAN equipments support both static and dynamic modes to
configure HS-PDSCH channelized code.
• Uplink Channelized Code
For HS-DPCCH configures channelized code that SF is 256 according the
uplink DPCCH channel numbers.
HSDPA cell throughout is affected by cell configured HS-DSCH channel numbers, that is
channelized code numbers. When HSDPA and R99 constructing network with same
frequency, we can configure downlink HS-PDSCH channelized code number by HS-
PDSCH channelized code dynamic mode according to HSDPA user throughout and R99
data flow requirement.
Keywords
Code Resource, Channelized Code, Scramble Code
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.25 ZWF23-04-007 Congestion Control Strategy for HSDPA

Benefits
1 It enhances the user capacity of HSDPA system.
2 It enhances the utilization ratio of system resource.
Description
If the new user fails in admission caused by resource limitation, different congestion
control strategies will be triggered so as to improve the user accessibility probability.
If congestion happens when it is accessing, the following methods could be used to

eliminate congestion.
1 Expands the total power of HSDPA.
2 Dynamically reallocates code resources of HSDPA and the corollary total power of
HSDPA.
3 Service queue and forced disconnection.
4 Forced handover among channels.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
Function of preemption triggered by HSDPA user number limitation was added in

V306R1.
4.1.26 ZWF23-05-001 QoS Mapping for HSDPA Service

Benefits
As a part of HSDPA service point to point QoS structure.
This feature implement the QoS mapping for HSDPA user to support the scheduling of
NodeB based on user and service priority.
Description
Map QoS of RAB on RB, when RAB is established on the HS-DSCH channel.
The RNC determines the priorities of MAC-hs by QoS of services, then configures it to
Node B and controls MAC-hs to provide services with different priorities to the
subscribers. Service QoS and the mapping of the priorities of MAC-HS can be flexibly
configured by OMC-R according to the requirements of customers.
According to services and customer priority allocated by RAB, the RNC and Node B
equipment support HSDPA SPI (Scheduling Priority Indicator). The higher the SPI is, the
more probable to get scheduling opportunity and scheduling resource.
Keywords
SPI
Introduced Version
V306R1
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.1.27 ZWF23-05-002 HSDPA Flow Control

Benefits
1 This feature implements the download link data flow control mechanism between
RNC and NodeB. This mechanism can avoid the data loss caused by the overlap of
NodeB processing capability or congestion of Iub interface due to the massive data
transmitted by RNC.
Description
The speed of Uu interface of HSDPA user is determined by various aspects, such as

wireless environment, user quantity of cell and emission power of cell. All these aspects
change dynamically, therefore Node B scheduler needs flow control to ensure that
downlink data from RNC to UE can match with Uu interface real time rate, and excessive
data is in Node B.
ZTE Node B equipments can transmit Capacity Allocation Frame on Iub interface to
announce RNC to adjust some UE’s data transmission rate. The UE’s downlink rate from
RNC won’t pass the rate of Capacity Allocation Frame. ZTE RNC equipments also
support to send Capacity Request Frame to Node B to trigger schedule resource
allocation when it is necessary, such as some UE has not have Capacity Allocation
Frame for a long time.
ZTE’s RAN equipments support HS-DSCH transmission channel congestion detection

mechanism in 3GPP TS25.435. It uses FSN (Frame Sequence Number) and DRT
(Delay Relative Time) in HS-DSCH to detect Frame loss ratio and delay changes
between nearby data frame, and determines whether there is congestion in Iub interface.
When congestion is detected and removed, RNC adjusts downlink data transmission
rate according to Congestion Status cell sent by Node B on HS-DSCH.
Keywords
Flow Control
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
In V408R1, it supports HS-DSCH transmission channel congestion detection

mechanism introduced in 3GPP R6.
4.1.28 ZWF23-05-020 Directed Retry between HS-DSCH and DCH

Benefits
This feature makes it possible to shunt services into appropriate frequency layer when
R99 and HSDPA use separated carrier.
Description
ZTE’s RAN equipments set attributes for different cells. For example, some cells only
support HSDPA services and don’t support R99 services, it means to carry services on
HS-DSCH, not on DCH. Different services are suit to be carried on different transport
channels. For example, CS services need to be carried on DCH to ensure services in
real time and high speed packet data services should be carried on HS-DSCH to make
full use of its higher efficiency.
If network is deployed with two or more frequency layer with one HSDPA layer and one
R99 layer at least, wireless resources should be allocated into different frequency layer
according to services’ attributes. If user’s access frequency layer is different with the one
which services need, ZTE RAN equipments provide handover between frequency layers
to retry services into frequency services need. For example, when CS services is
established in the carrier which only supports HSDPA, it will be retried to the carrier
which supports R99 services by RNC; When high speed package data services is
established in the carrier which only supports R99, it will be retried to the carrier which
supports HSDPA .
Keywords
Direct Re-try
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.2 Other HSDPA Related Functionality

4.2.1 ZWF23-01-002 HSDPA Dedicated Carrier
Benefits
This feature supports higher downlink peak rate and cell throughout of PS service on
HSDPA dedicated carrier...
Description
The deployment of the HSDPA supports two ways:
• one carrier supports R99 and HSDPA simultaneously.
• Using dedicated carrier to construct a HSDPA dedicated network.
If an operator has limited frequency resources but has to provide the R99 services, the
mode of sharing the carrier frequency allows the operator to provide high-speed data
services through the residual resources of R99. However, the peak rate and throughput
provided by the cell are reduced and the experience of data service users is affected
when the R99 services occupy resources.
If the operator has more frequency resources than required by the R99 services, a
dedicated carrier frequency can be deployed to provide the HSDPA services. Because
the spectrum utilization of the HS-DSCH is higher than that of the DCH, the dedicated
carrier frequency can attain higher peak rate and cell throughput, Improve the subscriber
experience of the mobile data service, and Reduce the unit cost of the high-speed data
service. Normally, the third or above carrier can be used as dedicated carrier to provide
data services coverage for hotspot.
ZTE’s RAN equipments support dedicated HSDPA services, or concurrent services of

R99 and HSDPA in the cell deployed this feature, but do not support only R99 services.
In addition to the dedicated carrier frequency of HSDPA, the carrier frequency of R99
should also be deployed so as to support the traditional CS service and low-speed PS
service (carry the DCH). ZTE’s RAN equipments provide different kinds of carriers to
users according to services types.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V305
Enhanced Function
N/A
This feature is an optional function in the control of software License. It needs relative
license and HSDPA introduction package must be configured.
4.2.2 ZWF23-01-016 HSDPA 16QAM
Benefits
The feature offers 16QAM modulation technology for HS-PDSCH channel to improve
peak rate and spectrum efficiency for HSDPA subscribers.
Description
Besides QPSK modulation, ZTE Node B equipments support 16QAM for HS-PDSCH.
The spectrum efficiency is twice more than QPSK. The constellation graph is below:
Figure22 16 QAM constellation graph
The number of physical channel bit is 1920 in 2ms TTI for every code channel when
16QAM is used, that’s to say channel rate is 960Kbps. The physical layer peak rate is up
to 14.4Mbps when 15 code channels is concurrently used.
Keywords
16QAM:16 Quadrant Amplitude Modulation
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
This feature is optional function in the control of software License. It needs relative
license

Benefits
The feature offers the HSDPA peak rate of 3.6 Mbps for single subscriber.
Description
ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments offer 5 HS-DSCH channel, which uses SF=16
channelization codes. When the UE uses PS service in a HS-DSCH, the peak rate in the
MAC layer can reach 3.6 Mbps. In this case the HSDPA UE capability level is 5 to 10. .
Keywords
5 codes
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
license. HSDPA introduction package and feature (ZWF23-01-024 HSDPA 3.6Mbps
Peak Rate) must be configured simultaneously...

Benefits
Description
channelization codes. When the UE uses PS service in a HS-DSCH, the peak rate in the
MAC layer can reach 7.2 Mbps. In this case the HSDPA UE capability level is 7 to 10.
Keywords
10 codes
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
Peak Rate) must be configured simultaneously.

Benefits
Description
channelization codes. When the UE uses PS service in a HS-DSCH, the peak rate in
physical layer can reach 14.4Mbps (in the MAC layer can reach 13.976 Mbps). In this
case the HSDPA UE capability level must be 10.
Keywords
15 codes
Introduced Version
V306
Enhanced Function
N/A
Peak Rate) must be configured simultaneously

Benefits
The feature offers 32 HSDPA subscribers per cell simultaneously.
Description
ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments distribute channel signatures resources and complete
data scheduling for 32 HSDPA subscribers per cell, which support 32 HSDPA
subscribers simultaneously.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
N/A
license. HSDPA introduction package must be configured

Benefits
The feature offers 64 HSDPA subscribers per cell simultaneously.
Description
ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments distribute channel signatures resources and complete
data scheduling for 64 HSDPA subscribers per cell, which support 64 HSDPA
subscribers simultaneously.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.2.8 ZWF23-01-041 HSDPA Downlink Physical channel F-DPCH

Benefits
The feature offers F-DPCH to decrease the occupancy of channelization codes in
downlink for HSDPA associated channels to improve multi-cell throughout.
Description
ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments support F-DPCH (Fractional DPCH) in 3GPP R6. F-
DPCH only carries uplink inner loop power control information (TPC commands), does
not carry any other data or signaling. F-DPCH uses channelization code with SF=256.
TPC command per timeslot per user is 2 bits, every timeslot of the channel with SF=256
can transmit 20 bits, at most 10 users share one F-DPCH. When F-DPCH replace
associated channel for HSDPA users, downlink channelization code consumption for
associated channel is saved, so more channelization codes will be left for HS-DSCH
when there are more HSDPA users in cell and the cell throughout is also be improved.
Because F-DPCH does not carry data, when F-DPCH replace associated channel, RRC
signaling and NAS layer signaling need to be carried by HS-DSCH.
Keywords
F-DPCH, Fractional DPCH
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
N/A
license. HSDPA introduction package and feature (ZWF23-02-013 HSDPA bear
signaling RB) must be configured
4.2.9 ZWF23-01-042 HSDPA HS-DPCCH ACK/NACK enhancement

Benefits
The feature can reduce the HSDPA UE peak transmitting power, and improve
coverage for HS-DSCH channel.
Description
ZTE’s UMTS RAN supports the HS-DPCCH ACK/NACK enhancement function in 3GPP
R6. Before and after the HS-DPCCH sends the ACK/NACK message, 3GPP R6
introduces the PRE-AMBLE and POST-AMBLE. Due to this enhancement function, for
Node B, the demodulation performance of ACK/NACK of the HS-DPCCH is improved;
for UE, the transmit power of the HS-DPCCH is reduced.
Keywords
ACK/NACK enhancement, PRE-AMBLE, POST-AMBLE
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.2.10 ZWF23-02-013 SRB over HSDPA

Benefits
The feature offers RRC signaling and NAS layer signaling transmission over HS-
PDSCH. It can speed up the signaling flow in the Uu interface remarkably, and
reduce the call delay of subsequent service setup
Description
ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments support SRB over HS-DSCH., and all SRBs are
multiplexed to one MAC-d Flow. QoS parameters are configured for SRB. Such as: ARP
and SPI enjoy the highest priority; Node B scheduler ensures SRB transmission by the
way of GBR; the reliability of the RRC signaling should be ensured.
When ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments offer F-DPCH, it means that all downlink services
are carried over HS-DSCH, SRB is carried over HS-DSCH.
Keywords
SRB over HSDPA
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
N/A
This feature is an optional function in the control of software License. It needs relative
license. HSDPA introduction package and feature (ZWF23-01-041 HSDPA Downlink
Physical channel F-DPCH) must be configured.
4.2.11 ZWF23-03-005 HSDPA over Iur

Benefits
The feature offers HSDPA data frame transmission over Iur interface between
RNCs. improve high speed data service experience when the subscriber is moved
between RNC.
Description
ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments offer HSDPA channel parameters configuration of DRNC
and subject Node B. when HSDPA subscribers is moving in close cell between RNC. It
enables HSDPA data frame transmission over Iur interface to make sure HS-DSCH data
transmission does not fall back to DCH channel in case of handover between different
RNCs.
Keywords
N/A
Introduced Version
V306R1
Enhanced Function
N/A
4.2.12 ZWF23-04-011 Fast Power Congestion Control

Benefits
This attribute is used to improve the QoS of the user and ensure that the
output power of the power amplifier is not saturated.
Description
ZTE NodeB supports fast power congestion control. The base station will check the
power when the downlink output power reaches the preset threshold, The detection time
is corresponding to the power control response time (not longer than one timeslot time,
namely 0.67ms). The base station judges whether the input power exceeds the preset
threshold. If yes, it reduces the input signals of the power amplifier and ensures that the
output power of the power amplifier is not over its nominal power.
Keywords
FCC, Fast Congestion Control
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No
to obtain the License and configure the HSDPA basic function package.
4.2.13 ZWF23-04-021 Code Sharing between Cells

Benefits
This feature helps to fully utilize the HSDPA code resource license of a cell and improve
the peak rate of the cell.
Description
Generally, operator purchases the HSDPA code license of each cell according to the
number of code. For example, 5 codes, 10 codes, or 15 codes as a set, the code is
SF=16 HS-DSCH channelized code. If the number of code is different, the peak bit rate
is also different. Therefore, the operator may purchase the HSDPA code license
according to the development of the data service, rather than buying all 15 codes license
at once, so as to effectively reduce the operation cost.
Presume that the operator purchases the HSDPA license of each cell according to 5 or
10 codes. Since the transient load of each cell in a base station is different, there will be
a case that the data requirement of a cell is very high and exceeds the peak bit rate of 5
or 10 codes, while the data requirement of other cells is very low, the 5 or 10 codes
cannot be used thoroughly.
With this feature, the HSDPA code license can be shared among different cells. In
above scenario, the light load cell may lend its code license to the heavy load cells. As a
result, the transient available HSDPA codes of a single cell exceed the number of codes
authorized to it, but will not exceed the threshold of 15 HS-DSCH channelized codes per
cell. The total number of HS-DSCH channelized codes used by all cells does not exceed
the total number of codes license authorized to all cells.
The ZTE UTRAN device allows the code resources to be shared among all R99 and
HSDPA cells which share the same carrier in a NodeB, that is, the HS-DSCH
channelized code License of these cells can be used accumulatively. Since cells with
only HSDPA carrier need to use all of the 15 HS-DSCH channelized codes; the codes of
these cells cannot be shared with other cells.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
This feature is of the HSDPA Version with Enhanced Attribute. Its realization is based on
the HSDPA introduction package. The application of the feature is controlled by a
license. To use the feature, it is required to obtain the corresponding license.
4.2.14 ZWF23-05-003 HSDPA Nominal Bit Rate for I/B Service

Benefits
The feature offers Nominal Bit Rate. Which is similar to GBR for I/B services. It can
prevent I/B class users from being blocked too long to obtain necessary bandwidth
for satisfactory experience.
Description
When ZTE’s UMTS RAN uses HS-DSCH to carry interactive services and background
services, downlink NBR can be configured. The RNC configures the GBR for the
interactive/background service according to the NBR and sends the setting to the Node
B. When performing HSDPA quick scheduling, the Node B provides minimum GBR for
the interactive/background service.
Keywords
Nominal Bit Rate NBR
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
N/A
This feature is an optional feature in the control of software License. It needs relative
license. HSDPA Introduction Package must be configured.
5 MBMS
5.1 MBMS Introduction Package
5.1.1 ZWF24-01-001 MBMS Services

Benefits
MBMS is introduced in 3GPP R6, which is used to transmit multimedia data by

broadcast or multicast method. Compared to CBS services, MBMS can not only provide
text message with low-rate, but also support multimedia multicast/broadcast services
with high rate to provide the rich video, audio and multimedia services.
Description
ZTE RAN supports both streaming and background MBMS (through PS domain CN)
services, with single channel supporting a maximum rate of 256Kbps. MBMS channels
can be utilized to transmit video clips, audio tracks, multimedia and text, that implements
such new services as mobile TV, music radio and mobile advertisement.
ZTE RAN supports both MBMS bearer modes: PTP and PTM. Oriented to the whole cell,
the PTM bearer mode adopts the Forward Access Channel (FACH) to carry service data
for receiving by all users in the cell. The PTP bearer mode adopts the Dedicated
Channel (DCH) or HS-DSCH and only transmits data to specific MBMS users.
ZTE RAN can provide MBMS services of varied types and rates concurrently for users in
the cell. The specific rate is subject to the following function(s) configured:
− ZWF24-01-044 MBMS 16Kbps Channel Rate
ZTE RAN can support concurrent transmission of several MBMS services, or MBMS +
CS services, or MBMS + PS services. But the multi-service concurrent transmission also
depends on the UE capability. If UE cannot receive concurrently more than one service,
UE will select one of the services to receive.
Keywords
MBMS
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature belongs to MBMS introduction package, this package is controlled by

software License, and corresponding permission is needed.
5.1.2 ZWF24-01-002 MBMS Broadcast Mode

Benefits
This feature can support MBMS services in broadcast mode. When broadcast mode is
adopted, all of the MBMS users in the cell belonging to MBMS service area can receive
MBMS services without registration. MBMS broadcast service will be transmitted in
MBMS service areas whether there’s any user receiving the service or not. MBMS
broadcast mode suits for implementing few free notice service.
Description
ZTE RAN supports the MBMS broadcast mode. Whether the MBMS adopts the
broadcast mode is subject to the service provider. The CN informs the RNC of the
MBMS service mode through the RANAP signaling. If the CN instructs the RNC to
establish RAB by using the broadcast mode, the RNC will establish MTCH in all cells
belonging to the MBMS service area, and maps it into the FACH and S-CCPCH. Then it
carries the MBMS in PTM mode and broadcasts MBMS parameter information on the
MCCH of all these cells.
Keywords
Broadcast
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

software License, corresponding permission is needed.
5.1.3 ZWF24-01-006 Selective and Soft Combining for PTM MBMS

Benefits
This feature can support combining the service data when the same MBMS services are
transmitted with PTM method in multiple adjacent cells with same frequency. In this way,
the reception performance of UE can be improved, and the transmitting power of Node B
can be reduced, that can improve the capacity of cell.
Description
When the system carries MBMS in PTM mode, a S-CCPCH channel must be set up for
all UEs receiving MBMS service in the cell, and this channel must have higher downlink
transmitting power to meet the QoS requirements of all UEs within the cell. As we know,
the total downlink transmitting power of each cell is limited, so the excessive occupation
of downlink transmitting power by MBMS channel will affect the capacity of the whole
cell.
UE may combine the MBMS service data from multiple adjacent cells with the same
frequency when they transmit the same MBMS service in PTM mode, so as to acquire
certain multi-path processing gain and lower the requirement for the downlink
transmitting power of the common radio channel in each cell.
ZTE RAN supports two combining modes: soft combining and selective combining:
• Soft combining
The UE combines MBMS service data at the physical layer. To implement the
soft combining, the TFC of these transport channels used for soft combing must
be completely the same and the synchronization time difference among MBMS
channels between adjacent cells can’t exceed 1 TTI+1 slot.
• selective combining
Selective combining is used to select data of optimal cell as combining result
based on the RLC PDU sequence number as well as the CRC results of the
PDU. The UE must support RLC re-ordering capability, and the data
transmitting time difference among combined cells cannot exceed the RLC re-
ordering capability of UE.
It is obvious that the selective combining has lower requirements for system
synchronization than the soft combining, but the latter can bring out more gains.
According to the simulation result, 6db gains of MBMS service can be obtained in the
condition of soft combining in three adjacent cells, and 3db gains for selective combining.
Correspondingly, when system adopts the technology of soft combining and selective
combining, MBMS channel number which system can broadcast simultaneously is more
than that without using combining technology to varying degrees.
When transmitting the same MBMS service with PTM mode in adjacent cells, ZTE RAN
can adjust the timing of S-CCPCHs carrying the MBMS service to keep S-CCPCHs in
different cells synchronized and periodically perform desynchronizing detection for soft
combined cells. The S-CCPCHs in de-synchronization will be re-synchronized to ensure
strict synchronization requirements of soft combining
Keywords
Selection Combining, Soft Combining
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

5.1.4 ZWF24-01-007 Frequency Layer Convergence and Dispersion

Benefits
This feature can support transmission of MBMS services among multiple frequency
layers with the same coverage area, it is conducive to allocate frequency resource
rationally, and eliminates the influence between MBMS service and other service.
Description
When transmitting MBMS service in the sector covered with several frequency points,
UTRAN generally selects one of the frequency points as the preferred frequency layer
for certain MBMS service. This MBMS service can only be transmitted on the preferred
frequency layer to save radio resource, and other cells in non-preferred frequency layer
only indicates the preferred frequency information in the control message broadcast on
MCCH. For the UE in Idle, FACH or PCH state and resident in these cells of non-
preferred frequency layer, it will access to the cell of preferred frequency layer by cell
reselection process, and receive the MBMS service in the cell of preferred frequency
layer according to the frequency convergence indicator of the MCCH. This process is
known as the Frequency Layer Convergence (FLC).
If FLC process is implemented, UE will reserve the information of frequency point where
UE previously camped when it access to the perfered frequency point. If the MCCH
indicates the implemetion of FLD, the UE then searches the cell on the frequency where
it previously camped on at the end of MBMS session, and attempts to return the original
frequency layer through cell reselection. This process is known as the Frequency Layer
Dispersion (FLD).
ZTE RAN supports two types of preferred frequency layer policies:

• Static configuration in Operating Management Center of RNC: Adopt certain
frequency layer as the preferred frequency layer for a specific MBMS service
through static configuration.
• Dynamic setting: Perform dynamic setting of the preferred frequency layer based on
the cell load status of different frequency points
Keywords
FLC, FLD
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

5.1.5 ZWF24-01-008 Iub Transmission Optimization

Benefits
This feature can support that only one transmission bearer is set up on lub interface
when the same MBMS services are broadcasted in multiple cells of the same Node B,
saving transmission bandwidth of Iub interface.
Description
If several cells of one Node B transmit the same MBMS service in PTM, ZTE RAN
supports binding of its lub interface transmission bearer to the same transmission
resource (AAL2 Channel or IP port) when setting up transport channels to carry the
MBMS service in these cells. In this way, the RNC only transmits one MBMS service on
the shared transmission bearer to Node B to save lub interface transmission bandwidth.
Upon receiving the data, Node B duplicates and distributes the data to all cells.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

5.1.6 ZWF24-02-001 MBMS Mobility

Benefits
This feature can support that UEs receiving MBMS service move among the cells, and
UEs in DCH state hand over to the perfered frequency layer to receive MBMS service,
so this feature ensures reception continuity of MBMS service when UE is moving.
Description
When UE receiving MBMS service moves among the adjacent cells, the bearer type of
MBMS service may be different in source cell and target cell, ZTE RAN can support for
handling following scenarios:
1 PTM mode is adopted in both source cell and target cell

UE in idle, FACH or PCH state access to the target cell by cell reselection and
continues to receive MBMS service, and UE in DCH state access to the target
cell by handover, continues to receive MBMS service.
2 PTP mode is adopted in both source cell and target cell

In this scenario, UE must be in DCH state, and continue to receive MBMS
service in the target cell by handover.
3 MBMS service is transmitted by PTM mode in source cell, and by PTP in target cell.
When moving to the target cell, UE in idle state request to establish PTP bearer
in target cell by sending RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message to RNC, UE
in PCH or FACH state triggers the process of establishing PTP bearer through
cell update, and UE in DCH state request to establish PTP bearer by sending
MBMS MODIFICATION REQUEST message to RNC.
4 PTP mode is adopted in source cell, and PTM in target cell

Firstly, UTRAN instructs UE to hand over to the target cell with PTP mode
preserving, then instructs UE to release PTP radio bearer and establish PTM
bearer.
5 MBMS service is transmitted in source cell but not in target cell.

For MBMS multicast service or enhanced broadcast service, one scenario is
that MBMS service with PTP or PTM mode is transmitted in source cell, but not
in target cell due to no UE receiving. If the MBMS service adopts PTM mode in
source cell, UTRAN knows the MBMS UEs’ moving momentarily, and establishs
MBMS PTP service in target cell during handover process.
If the MBMS service adopts PTM mode in source cell, UTRAN doesn’t know
whether a certain UE receiving MBMS service move or not, but UTRAN can
inform with system broadcast that the MBMS service adopts PTP bearer in
target cell, then, when a UE move to target cell, it will request to receive the
MBMS service (for the request process, refer to the above scenario 3), then
UTRAN will establish MBMS PTP service in the target cell.
In addition, UE in DCH state may camp in the cell of non-perfered frequency layer for
MBMS. If the UE requests to receive MBMS service, it can request to hand over to cell
on MBMS perfered frequency layer by sending RRC message of MBMS
MODIFICATION REQUEST, RNC will permit UE to access to the target cell by hard
handover when the condition of inter-frequency handover is met.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
Since the feature “ZWF24-01-010 MBMS Bearer Type Selection and Transition” was
provided in V408R2, the current feature was enhanced to support MBMS mobility not
only including PTM mode, but also the switch between PTP and PTP, or PTP and PTM.

5.1.7 ZWF24-03-001 MBMS Admission Control

Benefits
This feature can guarantee that UTRAN radio resources will not be consumed
excessively because of new MBMS PTM service access, and so the system stability will
not be influenced.
Description
For a new MBMS PTM service, ZTE RAN will establish a new SCCPCH for it or transmit
the new service on existing SCCPCH together with other MBMS service according to the
QoS parameters of the new MBMS service. The admission arithmetic for the two cases
is different.
If a new SCCPCH is established, ZTE RAN implements admission judgment based on

the following resources. The new MBMS service is allowed to set up only when all the
following conditions are met:
− Downlink transmitting power in cell
− Channelization code resources
− Node B CE resources
− Total throughput limitation of MBMS
− Total number of services limitation of MBMS
If new MBMS service shares the existing S-CCPCH with other MBMS services by
multiplexing technology, the system will implement then admission judgment only
according to MBMS total throughput limitation and total services amount limitation.
If MBMS service setup failure results from admission judgment, the cell is deemed
congested. In this case, ZTE RAN supports congestion control, and attempts to preempt
the resources of MBMS with low priority or non-MBMS services.
For MBMS PTP service, it comply with admission control policies of DCH or HSDPA
Keywords
Congestion Control
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

5.1.8 ZWF24-03-002 Code Allocation for MBMS

Benefits
This feature can support channelization codes configuration of MBMS service in cell,
especially support dynamically adjusting channelization code of SCCPCH bearing
MTCH, so as to reduce consumption of cell channelization code resource for MBMS
service and increase the capacity of other service in cell.
Description
ZTE RAN supports configuration of the channelization codes required for MBMS
services in the following modes:
• MICH channel
It adopts the CC of SF=256, which is configured at OMC (Operation
Maintenance Center). It is recommended to consecutively allocate the code
occupied by the MICH, P-CPICH, P-CCPCH, AICH and PICH to save downlink
channelization code resources.
• MCCH channel
Carried on the S-CCPCH, the MCCH adopts the channelization code of SF=128,
which is configured at OMC.
• MTCH channel
The MTCH is carried on the S-CCPCH. You can reserve some channelization
codes for the S-CCPCH carrying MBMS service at OMC. If a new S-CCPCH
needs to be established prior to MBMS session, a channelization code is
allocated from the reserved MBMS channelization codes. The spreading factor
of S-CCPCH is related to the bit rate of the MBMS service carried on. The
channelization code occupied by the MBMS service is released upon the end of
MBMS session. ZTE RAN supports the dynamic adjustment of reserved
channelization codes resources between MBMS and non-MBMS services so
that idle resources reserved for MBMS can also be used by non-MBMS
services to increase capacity of other services in cell.
• MSCH channel
Each MSCH is mapping to a FACH respectively, and it is carried on the same
physical channel SCCPCH with MTCH channel whose scheduling information is
indicated on this MSCH.
For MBMS PTP service, it complies with the allocation policy of DCH or HSDPA
chanelization code resources.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

5.1.9 ZWF24-03-003 MBMS Power Allocation

Benefits
This feature can support to control transmitting power for MBMS channels, especially
support transmitting power dynamic adjustment of SCCPCH bearing MBMS PTM
service, so as to increase the capacity of cell.
Description
ZTE RAN supports static transmitting power configuration of the S-CCPCH carrying
MCCH, MTCH and MICH.
ZTE RAN also supports dynamic power control of the S-CCPCH carrying MTCH as the
following description:
• Adjusted based on cell load
When the cell is congested or overloaded due to insufficient transmit power,
ZTE RAN will lower the S-CCPCH’s transmit power of some low-priority MBMS
services in PTM mode to ensure the cell load stays in normal level.
• Adjusted based on the S-CCPCH combining status between adjacent cells
ZTE RAN supports periodical detection of MBMS combining status in the cell
and adjust the transmit power of S-CCPCH based on the detection results.
When MBMS services cannot be combined, it can increase the transmit power
of S-CCPCH accordingly to ensure MBMS QoS. When soft or selective
combining is available for MBMS services, it lowers the transmitting power of
the S-CCPCH to expand cell capacity.
Keywords
Dynamic Power Control
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

5.1.10 ZWF24-03-004 Priority Handling for MBMS

Benefits
This feature can support that system allocates such radio resources for MBMS as
downlink transmitting power according to MBMS service priority. This feature is helpful
for operators to realize strategy of service differentiation.
Description
ZTE RAN supports varied handling of different MBMS services in RRM policies including
admission control, congestion control and load control based on the Traffic Class, ARP
and bearer priority (corresponding to different transport channels):
• Admission control
MBMS services with varied priority levels are granted with different access
thresholds. If necessary, ZTE RAN may restrict the access of low-priority MBMS
services based on actual requirements so as to reserve radio resources (such
as downlink power and so on) for high-priority MBMS services.
• Congestion control
In the event of MBMS access failure due to cell congestion, if this MBMS
service is preemption-capable, the RNC may trigger it to preempt other low-
priority MBMS or non-MBMS services to ensure access of as many high-priority
UEs as possible.
• Load control
In the event of cell overload, the RNC lowers the transmitting power of low-
priority MBMS or non-MBMS services and even forcedly releases the former to
ensure normal cell load and maintain high-priority MBMS services.
In ZTE RAN, Priority Handling for MBMS is helpful for operators to realize strategy of
service differentiation.
Keywords
ARP, QoS
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

5.1.11 ZWF24-03-005 MBMS Overload Control

Benefits
This feature can support cell load control to ensure stability of system.
Description
In the event of cell overload, ZTE RAN takes the following measures to lower the cell
load for MBMS services:
− Lower the transmit power for MBMS services transmitted in PTM mode so
as to reduce service coverage.
− Delete some MBMS services transmitted in PTM mode
Both of above measures are taken based on the priority levels of MBMS services. Low-
priority MBMS services are handled firstly until the cell load is restored to normal level.
Once the cell load is restored, the RNC restores the transmit power of previously
adjusted MBMS services and MBMS services deleted during overload control
For MBMS service with PTP mode, it complies with the overload control policy of DCH or
HSDPA.
Keywords
PTM
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
No

5.2 Other MBMS Related Functionality

5.2.1 ZWF24-01-003 MBMS Multicast Mode
Benefits
This feature can support MBMS service in multicast mode. When multicast mode is
adopted, only UE who has subscribed for the MBMS service can receive this MBMS
service. Multicast mode is suitable to apply high-level MBMS service for certain users. In
multicast mode, MBMS service will be transmitted only when the amount of UE who is
going to receive the service is not zero. That can avoid wasting radio resource.
Description
ZTE RAN can support MBMS multicast mode. Whether MBMS service adopts the
multicast mode is subject to the service provider. The CN informs the RNC of the Radio
Access Bearer (RAB) setup type through the RANAP signaling.
If a UE wishes to receive MBMS multicast service, it must subscribe to the MBMS

service provider in advance, and moreover, UE also needs to register in the Broadcast
Multicast-Service Center (BM-SC) to join certain MBMS service prior to MBMS activation.
Then UE must pass the authentication by the BM-SC before joining MBMS service. The
context information of UE will be generated in the BM-SC, core network and UTRAN, it
is used for billing and selection of service data multicast path.
Different from the broadcast mode, in the multicast mode, the RNC starts MBMS service
transmitting and receiving only when there are UEs having MBMS activated in the
MBMS service area.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
This feature belongs to optional package, it is controlled by software License, and

corresponding permission is needed. At the same time, configuration for MBMS
introduction package and feature”ZWF24-01-010 MBMS Bearer Type Selection and
Transition” is necessary.
5.2.2 ZWF24-01-004 MBMS Scheduling Information

Benefits
This feature supports MBMS discontinuous reception of UE (DRX), and helps UE to

reduce power consumption.
Description
To realize DRX of MBMS service for the UE, ZTE RAN supports using the MBMS point-
to-multipoint Scheduling Channel (MSCH) to transmit the data scheduling information of
the MBMS PTM service.
Through the MSCH, the RNC indicates when each MTCH channel will send data, how
long the transmission will last, and when the next data packet will be sent. In this way,
UE needn’t monitor the MTCH that it receives service data from. The MSCH is mapped
to a FACH channel, and to the same S-CCPCH with the MTCHs. whose scheduling
information are carried on this MSCH.
Keywords
MSCH
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
This attribute is optional and is controlled by the License. To use this attribute, it is
required to obtain the License and configure the MBMS introduction package.
5.2.3 ZWF24-01-009 MBMS Enhanced Broadcast Mode

Benefits
This feature can support MBMS enhanced broadcast service. This feature is that system
determines whether broadcast or not based on the number of UEs receiving MBMS
service in cell, lowering radio resources consumption in MBMS broadcast service.
Description
ZTE RAN supports the MBMS enhanced broadcast mode. Difference between
enhanced broadcast and common broadcast modes: In enhanced broadcast mode, the
RNC decides whether to broadcast service in the cell based on the counting procedure
and selects the specific bearer mode based on the number of users in the cell. In
common broadcast mode, service will be transmitted in all service area whether there
are UEs receiving MBMS service or not. When there are few users receiving MBMS
service, a part of radio resources will be wasted in the common broadcast mode, while
this problem can be avoided in enhanced broadcast mode.
Keywords
Mobile TV
Introduced Version
V408R2
Description
No
This feature belongs to optional package, it is controlled by software License, and needs
to obtain corresponding permission, and configuration for MBMS introduction package
and feature”ZWF24-01-010 MBMS Bearer Type Selection and Transition” is necessary.
5.2.4 ZWF24-01-010 MBMS Bearer Type Selection and Transition

Benefits
This feature supports that system chooses optimal transmission type for MBMS service
to according to the number of UEs receiving MBMS service actually, to utilize network
resource rationally.
Description
The MBMS includes two service bearer modes: PTP and PTM. In the PTM bearer mode,
one FACH is set up for all MBMS users in the cell, and the downlink transmit power of
the FACH channel carrying the MBMS service must be as high as possible to ensure the
MBMS service quality for all users. In the PTP mode, one dedicated radio bearer (DCH
or HS-DSCH) is set up for each user in the cell. The PTP mode uses the perfect power
control function and scheduling control function of dedicated radio bearer to ensure the
QoS requirements of all users, so a single channel occupies fewer radio resources than
the common channel. By taking advantage of the features of these two bearer modes,
we can adopt the PTP mode to save radio resources when the number of users
receiving the same MBMS service is small. When the number of users receiving the
same MBMS service is large in the cell, we can adopt the PTM mode to save radio
resources because the total radio resources consumed on dedicated channels will be
more than that on common channel.
For common MBMS broadcast service, the RAN can broadcast service in the whole
service area in PTM mode. For enhanced broadcast MBMS service and multicast MBMS
service, ZTE RAN supports the MBMS counting function to collect statistics of the
number of UEs receiving certain MBMS service in the cell for RAN to select the optimal
transmission mode:
− Do not transmit MBMS data if there is no UE expecting to receive MBMS
service in the cell
− Transmit MBMS data in PTP mode if there are only a few UEs expecting to
receive MBMS service
− Transmit MBMS data in PTM mode if there are quite a few UEs expecting to
receive MBMS service
Prior to the start of MBMS session, ZTE RAN will select the optimal transmission mode
for the MBMS service. During the MBMS session with PTM mode, it can trigger UE
recounting through periodically timing or cell load control, then determine whether to
change the MBMS bearer mode based on the number of UEs receiving the MBMS
service.
Keywords
PtP, PtM
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
This feature belongs to MBMS optional package, this package is controlled by software
License, and needs to obtain corresponding permission, and configuration for MBMS
introduction package is necessary.
5.2.5 ZWF24-01-011 MBMS PTP over HSDPA

Benefits
This feature can support MBMS service over HS-DSCH in PTP mode, and utilizes HS-
DSCH which frequency spectrum is higher than DCH to improve capacity of MBMS
service.
Description
When ZTE RAN transmits MBMS services in PTP mode as mentioned above in
“ZWF24-01-010 MBMS Bearer Type Selection and Transition”, it will allocate HSDPA
resources for UE to carry MBMS service through radio bearer setup procedure if the UE
is capable of HSPDA ability.
Keywords
PTP, HSDPA
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
to obtain corresponding permission, and configuration for MBMS introduction package
and feature”ZWF24-01-010 MBMS Bearer Type Selection and Transition” is necessary.
5.2.6 ZWF24-01-041 MBMS 64Kbps Channel Rate

Benefits
This feature can support 64Kbps channel rate in PTM mode.
Description
ZTE RAN supports channel configuration of 64Kbps to carry MBMS services in PTM
mode, with radio parameters compliant with 3GPP TR 25.993.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
to obtain corresponding permission, and configuration for MBMS introduction package is
necessary.

Benefits
Description
mode, with radio parameters compliant with 3GPP TR 25.993.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
necessary.

Benefits
Description
mode, with radio parameters compliant with 3GPP TR 25.993
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No
necessary.

Benefits
This attribute provides the 16Kbps channel in the PtM mode.
Description
The ZTE RAN device provides the 16Kbps channel for the MBMS PtM service.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
to obtain the License and configure the MBMS introduction package.

Benefits
This attribute provides the 32Kbps channel for the MBMS PTM service.
Description
The ZTE RAN device provides the 32Kbps channel in t for MBMS PTM service.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
required to obtain the License and configure the MBMS basic function package.
5.2.11 ZWF24-02-002 MBMS over Iur

Benefits
This feature realizes the mobility of the MBMS multicast service between the RNCs and
ensures that the MBMS multicast service can be received consecutively when the UE
moves.
Description
When a UE in the Idle, FACH, or PCH state moves from the original RNC to the target
RNC, it can trigger MBMS service over again in the cell of the target RNC without the Iur
interface support. While for UE in the DCH state moves between different RNCs, it may
trigger handover on Iur or SRNS relocation. ZTE RAN allows SRNC to notify DRNC the
MBMS multicast service information that the UEs in DCH state joined. As a result, the
DRNC registers the multicast service in the SGSN and users can continue receiving the
MBMS service in the DRNC.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R2
Enhanced Function
No
required to obtain the License and configure the MBMS introduction package and the
feature of “ZWF24-01-003 MBMS multicast mode”.
6 HSUPA
6.1 HSUPA Introduction Package
6.1.1 ZWF25-01-001 HSUPA Common Carrier with R99
Benefits
This feature supports the same carrier is utilized for R99 and HSUPA in uplink, and use
characteristic of HSUPA Fast Scheduling to develop high-speed data service, improve
the gain of frequency spectrum, and lower the cost of network operation.
Description
Carrier frequency sharing between the HSUPA and R99 means that the cell can provide
uplink R99 service and HSUPA service simultaneously and can allocate common
resources reasonably between the R99 and the HSUPA. These common resources
include E-AGCH supporting the E-DCH, E-RGCH, and E-HICH, transmit power of these
downlink channels, transmit bandwidth of the Iub interface, and uplink interference of the
cell.
The HSUPA is generally used with the HSDPA. ZTE RAN can enable the HSUPA
function in a HSDPA cell to support uplink R99 and HSUPA service simultaneously. The
perfect RRM algorithm provided by ZTE can guarantee reasonable allocation of cell
common resources between the two types of services
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No
This feature belongs to HSUPA introduction package, this package is controlled by

software license, and needs to obtain corresponding permission, meanwhile,
configuration for HSDPA introduction package is necessary.
6.1.2 ZWF25-01-003 HSUPA Cell Indicator in Idle Mode

Benefits
This feature can be used for indicating whether the cell supports HUSPA in system
broadcast information so that UE can camp on a suitable cell.
Description
The indicator of the HSUPA cell can be broadcasted through the system message SIB5
or SIB5bis. When searching cells, UE can recognize whether a cell supports the HSUPA
service according to the indicator, and selects a preferred cell accordingly. For example,
a HSUPA data card user can firstly search the HSUPA cell in a same sector and camps
on it. UE can be configured to select a cell automatically according to the capability of
cells.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No
This feature belongs to HSUPA introduction package, this package is controlled by

6.1.3 ZWF25-01-004 HSUPA UE Category Support

Benefits
This feature can support different HSUPA UE category.
Description
ZTE RAN supports all HSUPA UE categories defined in the 3GPP protocol. The
categories reflect the extent to which UE supports the HSUPA service. For details,
please refer to 3GPP TS 25.306.
Table 4 HSUPA UE category supported by ZTE
Category Maximum Supported Maximum data Maximum data

number of E- TTIs rate with 10ms rate with 2ms TTI
DPDCHs and TTI in MAC layer in MAC layer
smallest
spreading factor
1 1xSF4 10ms 0.7296 Mbps --
2 2XSF4 10ms, 2ms 1.4592 Mbps 1.4595 Mbps
3 2XSF4 10ms 1.4592 Mbps --
4 2XSF2 10ms, 2ms 2.0 Mbps 2.9185 Mbps
5 2XSF2 10ms 2.0 Mbps --
6 2XSF2+2XSF4 10ms, 2ms 2.0 Mbps 5.76 Mbps
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
For 10ms TTI, HSUPA UE category 1～5 are supported in V306R2.
Enhanced Function
For 2ms TTI, HSUPA UE category 6 is supported in V307R1.
This feature belongs to HSUPA introduction package. This package is controlled by

6.1.4 ZWF25-01-013 HSUPA Fast Scheduling

Benefits
This feature can support Node B to realize fast scheduling for transmitting uplink date of
multi-HSUPA UEs in a cell.
Description
MAC-e entity is added in Node B after introducing HSUPA. It is utilized to implement

function of data scheduling which is done by R99 channel such as DCH in RNC
originally, and Node B allocates SG (Scheduling Grant) for each UEs in the cell, and
then sends AG (Absolute Grant) in E-AGCH channel or RG (Relative Grant) in E-RGCH
channel to notify UE to use SG. Transmitting power in the range which SG allows can
only be utilized to influence uplink bit rate of UE.
ZTE Node B supports PF (Proportion Fair) algorithm to complete HSUPA fast scheduling.
This algorithm takes into full account of facts such as actual requirement of services,
radio quality, uplink interference in the cell and load of Node B, meanwhile, the priority of
service and UE should be considered (For SPI, refer to feature”ZWF25-05-001 QoS
Mapping for HSUPA Service”), the UEs with high priority will obtain more resource.
ZTE RAN supports HSUPA fast scheduling to guarantee data transmitting rate of GBR
service. It also can support method of “Non-scheduled” to allocate Non-scheduled
transmission date capability for UE, and then configures the Node B through NBAP
signaling by RNC according to service type so as to ensure the transmission of high-
priority data, such as SRB data.
Because HSUPA scheduler is in Node B, resource of each UE can be allocated based

on uplink interference status detected in real-time. The uplink interference of service
area is controlled quickly in scheduling period of 2ms or 10ms so that uplink radio
resources of the cell can be utilized more effectively. It can ensure more throughputs in
E-DCH channel.
As a scheduler of HSUPA non-serving cell, ZTE Node B can control the interference
status of non-serving cell through non-serving RG command, so it can avoid allocating
excessive resources for the UEs in serving cell so as to make greater influence on non-
serving cell.
Keywords
Mac-e, Fast Schedule, Proportional Fair, SPI, Non-scheduled Transmission
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

software license, and needs to obtain corresponding permission; meanwhile,
6.1.5 ZWF25-01-014 HSUPA HARQ

Benefits
This feature can support a fast ARQ (Automatic Retransmission Request) mechanism in
inner loop. Compared with ARQ of outer loop in RLC layer of RNC, it can decrease data
transmission delay obviously in Uu interface and increase maximum date rate.
Description
ZTE RAN supports HSUPA HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request), which is
same to HSDPA HARQ (please refer to “ZWF23-01-014 HSDPA HARQ”). Node B can
request UE retransmission quickly for error data received in uplink. HARQ adopts the
technology of fast retransmission and combination to improve the transmission efficiency
fully. It can not only obtain gain of time diversity, but also decrease the requirement for
BLER at the beginning due to fast retransmission, so the transmitting power of UE can
be decreased to improve the capacity of system.
ZTE RAN supports parallel transmission of multiple HARQ processes so it can send
data continuously for a certain UE. It can support 4 HARQ processes at most in 10ms
TTI and 8 HARQ processes in 2ms TTI.
Keywords
HARQ
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.6 ZWF25-01-021 HSUPA 1.45Mbps Peak Bit Rate

Benefits
This feature can support HSUPA user peak rate up to1.45Mbps.
Description
ZTE RAN supports HSUPA 1.45Mbps user peak rate. When data services are carried
over the E-DCH channel, the peak rate in MAC layer can reach 1.45Mps in uplink, here
HSUPA UE category must exceed level 2.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.7 ZWF25-01-022 HSUPA 16 Users per Cell

Benefits
This feature can support 16 HSUPA users simultaneously in single cell.
Description
ZTE RAN can support for allocating resources, such as channel signature, to 16 HSUPA
users in single cell, also it can complete data scheduling for 16 users in single cell, and
so 16 HSUPA users can be supported simultaneously.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.8 ZWF25-02-001 PS Interactive/Background Service over HSUPA

Benefits
This feature can support interactive and background service over HSUPA channel,
compared with DCH channels, more service and higher bit rate can be obtained after
using HSUPA technology.
Description
The HSUPA service is carried over the enhanced dedicated channel E-DCH. Adopting
the technology of QPSK modulation and HARQ, the E-DCH channel can provide higher
bit rate and enables multiple users to share the load of uplink cells. The E-DCH is
suitable for the interactive and background services with high burst. The higher peak
rate of the channel can effectively improve the user experience.
ZTE RAN supports the maximum uplink bit rate of 5.76Mbps. But the actual maximum
bit rate available to the user depends on UE category, the MBR (Maximum Bit Rate)
subscribed in the CN (Core Network), payload of the system, and the wireless
environment at the time of access.
The RAB wireless parameters of the interactive/background PS data services of the ZTE
UMTS RAN comply with 3GPP TS 34.108 protocol.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
In MAC layer, maximum uplink bit rate of 1.45Mbps can be supported in V306R2.
Enhanced Function
In MAC layer, maximum uplink bit rate of 2Mbps can be supported in V307R1.
In MAC layer, maximum uplink bit rate of 5.76Mbps can be supported in V307R2.

6.1.9 ZWF25-02-002 PS Streaming Service over HSUPA

Benefits
This feature can support PS streaming service with GBR guaranteed, compared with
DCH channels, more service and higher bit rate can be obtained after using HSUPA
technology.
Description
This feature supports PS streaming service over E-DCH channel such as video
monitoring.
ZTE RAN supports HSUPA fast scheduling algorithm based on GBR, so streaming
service can be carried over E-DCH.
The RAB wireless parameters of PS streaming service completely comply with 3GPP TS
34.108 in ZTE RAN.
Keywords
GBR over HSPA
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.10 ZWF25-02-003 RAB Combination for CS over DCH and PS over

HSUPA
Benefits
This feature can support RAB combination for CS over DCH and PS over HSUPA, for
example, user can make voice or video call while uploading data.
Description
All ZTE RAN can support CS service and PS I/B/S service over HSUPA concurrently:
− CS AMR voice service
− CS data service, such as video call service.
− CS data streaming service, such as FAX service.
− CS AMR-WB voice service
Note: 1 CS service and 3 PS service can be supported concurrently at most.
When CS service and PS service over HSUPA channel are provided concurrently, the
actual maximum bit rate of the uplink PS service depends on UE category, the MBR
subscribed in the CN (Core Network), payload of the system, and the wireless
environment at the time of access
The RAB wireless parameters used for supporting CS service and the PS service over
HSDPA concurrently comply with 3GPP TS 34.108 in ZTE RAN.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
1 CS service and 2 PS I/B services are supported in V306R2 concurrently at most.
Enhanced Function
1 CS AMR-WB service and 2 PS I/B services are supported in V307R1 concurrently at

most.
CS service and PS streaming service can be supported in V307R2 concurrently.
1 CS service and 3 PS I/B/S services are supported in V308R1 concurrently at most.

6.1.11 ZWF25-02-004 RAB Combination for Multiple Packet Data Services

over HSUPA
Benefits
The feature uses HSUPA channel to carry multiple RAB for multiple PS services, which
respectively are corresponding to multiple PDPs. For instance, a user can receive MMS
while downloading data. IMS-based streaming service, VoIP service and other services
need to use multiple PDP at the same time as well.
Description
The feature supports up to 3 concurrent PS I/B/S services. The maximal rate of each PS
service is decided by subscription rate in CN. The total concurrent rate of all services
can not exceed the maximal available rate of HSUPA, which depends on UE capacity,
load of the system and the radio environment, etc.
ZTE RAN system supports concurrent multiple PS services over HSUPA. The RAB radio
parameter complies with 3GPP TS 34.108 protocol.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V306R2 supports up to 2 concurrent PS I/B services.
Enhanced Function
V307R2 support for 2 concurrent PS services including Streaming service.
V308R2 supports up to 3 concurrent PS I/B/S services.
The feature is included in HSUPA Introduction Package, which is controlled by software

license. It’s necessary to acquire the corresponding license and configure HSUPA
Introduction Package.
6.1.12 ZWF25-03-001 HSUPA Soft/Softer Handover

Benefits
The feature is used to keep service continuity and guarantee the communication quality
while HSUPA users moving across intra-frequency adjacent cells.
Description
ZTE RAN system supports E-DCH soft/softer handover after HSUPA is introduced. The
handover procedure for E-DCH is the same to that for DCH. (Please refer to “ZWF21-03-
001 Soft/Softer Handover”).
ZTE RAN system supports intra-Node B E-DCH softer handover as well as inter-Node B
E-DCH soft handover and inter-RNC E-DCH soft handover. (Supporting feature
“ZWF25-03-005 HSUPA over Iur” is required).
Keywords
HSUPA, Soft Handover, Softer Handover
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.13 ZWF25-03-002 E-DCH Serving Cell Change inside Active Set

Benefits
The feature is used to keep the service continuity and guarantee the communication
quality while users moving across HSUPA cells.
Description
The uplink data of a HSUPA user can be send through multiple cells in its active set.
However, the scheduling is always controlled by one cell, which is called E-DCH serving
cell.
When HSUPA user is moving across HSUPA cells, ZTE RAN system properly changes
E-DCH serving cell to the cell with best radio quality, according to pilot power level
measured by the UE, to dominate the E-DCH scheduling. Therefore the interference to
other cells in active set is minimized and scheduling effect is optimized.
If a user is using HSUPA and HSDPA simultaneously, E-DCH serving cell and HSDPA
serving cell is always the same one. If the user moves, E-DCH serving cell and HSDPA
serving cell will change together.
Keywords
Serving Cell Change, Serving Cell Migration
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.14 ZWF25-03-003 E-DCH Intra-Frequency Hard Handover

Benefits
As a supplement to soft handover, E-DCH Intra-Frequency Hard Handover is used to

keep the service continuity if a HSUPA user moves and soft handover is failed.
Description
ZTE RAN system supports E-DCH Intra-Frequency Hard Handover when HSUPA is
introduced. The process is the same to that of DCH. (Please refer to “ZWF21-03-002
Intra-Frequency Hard Handover”).
If the target cell supports HSUPA, E-DCH serving cell will be changed during intra-
frequency hard handover. Otherwise, E-DCH will be configured as DCH during this
operation.
Keywords
Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.15 ZWF25-03-004 E-DCH Inter-Frequency Hard Handover

Benefits
The feature enables a HSUPA user handover between inter-frequency cells, keeps
service continuity while moving across inter-frequency adjacent cells. It can be used for
load balance among different cells.
Description
ZTE RAN system supports E-DCH Inter-Frequency Hard Handover when HSUPA is
introduced. The process is the same to that of DCH. (Please refer to “ZWF21-03-003
Inter-Frequency Hard Handover”).
If the target cell supports HSUPA, E-DCH serving cell will be changed during inter-
frequency hard handover. Otherwise, E-DCH will be configured as DCH during this
operation.
Keywords
Inter-Frequency Hard Handover
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.16 ZWF25-03-012 HSUPA inter-RAT Reselection

Benefits
The feature keeps service continuity when a HSUPA user moves between WCDMA cell
and GSM cell.
Description
ZTE RAN system supports direct inter-cell handover to force a HSUPA user access to
the GSM cell when handover is necessary. Regression from E-DCH to DCH before inter-
RAT reselection is not necessary.
However, considering now most of UE not to support compression mode and inter-
frequency measurement when using E-DCH, ZTE RAN system defines the DCH
regression during HSUPA inter-RAT Reselection as an optional function and it can be
configured by ZTE OMC system. It’s possible to enable DCH regression and then
perform HSUPA inter-RAT Reselection for a commercial network.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.17 ZWF25-03-013 Differentiated E-DCH Active Set

Benefits
This feature allows the E-DCH and DCH to have different activation sets. This helps to
improve the QoS when the HSUPA user moves between cells with different capability.
Description
The ZTE RAN supports processing of 1J events (refer to the TS25.331 of the 3GPP
protocol), and allows the E-DCH and DCH to have different activation sets. The E-DCH
activation set is always a sub-set of the DCH activation set. When a user is at the edge
of intra-frequency cells with different capability (that is, the HSUPA cell and the R99 cell
share the same frequency and coverage), the user still can use the E-DCH channel of
the HSUPA to carry the uplink data.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No
This feature belongs to HSUPA Introduce package. The USUPA Introduce package is
controlled by the software license. To use this feature, it is required to obtain the license
and configure the HSDPA Introduce package.
6.1.18 ZWF25-04-001 Admission Control for HSUPA Service

Benefits
The feature implements radio access control for incoming HSUPA service request, and
avoids overloading of air interface and prevents radio resources from extinction.
Admission control differentiates services of different priority and allocates system
resources to users and services respectively without decreasing system stability.
Description
If both Node B and UE are HSUPA enabled, HSUPA radio resources can be allocated
during service request process. The scenarios in which the service requires new system
resources include RRC connection, RAB setup, RAM modification, SRNC relocation, Iur
interface switching, RNC internal switching, and dynamic channel allocation, etc. In
order to avoid resource extinction or overload when accepting new HSUPA service
request, ZTE RAN evaluates the system resources for HSUPA according to the following
factors:
− Number of HSUPA users
− CE resource of Node B
− Unlink interference
− Capacity of downlink channel
The capacity of downlink channel is restricted by the number of E-HICH/E-RGCH. Each

E-HICH/E-RGCH can be multiplexed for up to 20 HSUPA users.
When performing admission control, ZTE RAN system will consider basic priority to
enable users and services with higher priority to get more system resource and higher
QoS level. (Please refer to “ZWF21-05-003 Differentiated Service”)
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.19 ZWF25-04-002 Overload Control for HSUPA Service

Benefits
Overload control can stabilize the overloaded system by decrease system load. System
resource will be reallocated to users and services according to their priority of HSUPA
services.
Description
Overload Control for HSUPA Service is based on RTWP measurement of the cell. When
the unlink interference arrives overload threshold, the following action of load control can
be triggered.
− Decrease DCH rate
− Trigger inter-frequency/inter-RAT handover by force based on ,the HSUPA

capability of the cell and UEs
− Drop the calls by force.
ZTE RAN system differentiates users and services of different priority (Please refer to
“ZWF21-05-002 RAB QoS Parameters Mapping”). The load of low-priority users and
services will be decreased firstly therefore high priority users and services may get more
system resource and higher QoS.
Keywords
Overload Control
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.20 ZWF25-04-003 Load Balance for HSUPA Service

Benefits
Load Balance enables system to deploy traffic to multiple carriers of WCDMA or GSM
system, if available, making best use of radio resources and improving the quality of the
network.
Description
While HSUPA function is introduced, ZTE RAN system supports HSUPA service load
balance among multiple carriers of WCDMA or GSM (Please refer to “ZWF21-04-011
Load Balancing” for basic process). Besides the primary factor unlink interference, the
HSUPA capability of Node B and UE should be also considered for HSUPA load
balance.
Keywords
Load Balance
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
V307R1 Load Balance is based on uplink interference (RTWP) and downlink

transmitting power (CP). Code resource is also introduced as a factor of decision at
V408R1.

6.1.21 ZWF25-04-004 Congestion Control Strategy for HSUPA

Benefits
Congestion control is intended to reallocate radio resources in the case of system

congestion and to relieve the congestion by a series of control measures according to
service attributes, so as to improve the call completion ratio and enable reasonable
utilization of system resources by service priorities.
Description
After HSUPA is introduced, the cell will be congested if it fails to admit incoming HSUPA
service request. ZTE RAN supports following congestion control strategies:
• Decrease DCH rate
DCH rate will be decreased if incoming HSUPA service request is restricted by
uplink interference.
• Service preemption
Service preemption means that the HSUPA service can be migrated to DCH, or
HSUPA I/B service migrated to RACH/FACH when the number of HSUPA
services or CE resource is restricted.
Keywords
HSUPA, E-DCH
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.22 ZWF25-04-005 Dynamic Channel Type Transfer for HSUPA Service

Benefits
The feature is used to select and switch bearer channel according to user’s requirement
and system resource utilization status. The feature is intends to make full use of radio
resources and guarantee the stability of the system and the QoS of services.
Description
After HSUPA is introduced, ZTE RAN system is able to select bearer channel among E-
DCH, DCH or RACH for the service and configure radio parameters correspondingly,
according to service requirement and system resource utilization status.
In order to accommodate requirements of service and practical status of system

resources, ZTE RAN system supports following functions during channel switching:
• Dynamically adjusts channel type to save system resource according to the
practical traffic of I/B class service
− If traffic is high, switching from RACH to E-DCH will be triggered
− If traffic is low, switching from E-DCH to RACH will be triggered
− If no traffic, switching from E-DCH to RACH or Idle will be triggered

− If a UE at PCH state needs to transmit data, switching from PCH to E-DCH
will be triggered
• Adjusts channel type to decrease the system load according to cell load
When the cell uplink is overloaded, the user can be switched to common RACH
from dedicated E-DCH to decrease the system load and guarantee the system
stabilized.
• Adjusts channel type to guarantee the service quality according to downlink channel
quality
If a UE on E-DCH channel moves to the edge of the cell and triggers 1F event,
it indicates that the quality of current channel is bad and channel switching from
E-DCH to DCH will be triggered.
• Adjusts channel type to guarantee mobile service continuity according to the
capability of target cell
If the capability of source cell and target cell is different during handover,
channel switching between E-DCH and DCH will be triggered to guarantee the
service continuity.
• Downlink channel switching accompanies unlink channel switching:
If uplink channel is RACH, downlink channel must be FACH. If uplink channel is
E-DCH, generally, downlink channel is HS-DSCH.
Keywords
HSUPA, E-DCH, Channel Switching, Channel Migration,
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.23 ZWF25-04-006 Power Allocation for HSUPA

Benefits
The feature supports channel power parameters configuration and control for HSUPA
service to improve system resources utilization and increase system capacity.
Description
HSUPA Power Control includes: Uplink Open Loop Power Control, Uplink Outer Loop
Power Control, and Downlink Open Loop Power Control. ZTE RAN system supports
HSUPA Unlink Open Loop Power Control including:
• Determination of uplink E-DPCCH/DPCCH power offset
In order to guarantee the error rate requirement of E-DPCCH control signaling,
E-DPCCH Power Offset should be set to a proper value according to different
TTI (2ms or 10ms).
• Determination of reference E-TFC and the corresponding PO
The system uses various tables of reference E-TFC and corresponding E-
DPDCH Power Offset, according to the different TTI (2ms or 10ms), to calculate
the power required for other non-reference E-TFC.
• Determination of E-DCH MAC-d Flow Power Offset
The power offset varies for different kinds of services to reflect different service
quality. For example, higher priority service has higher power offset to get better
service quality.
The principle of HSUPA Uplink Outer Power Control is similar to that of R99. It refers
service quality to adjust SIRtarget, which is used by Inner Loop Power Control, to adjust
UE transmission power. However, the service quality of HSUPA is evaluated by
retransmission times of FP, the more times of retransmission, the worse channel quality.
Consequently, the required SIRtarget is raised and transmission power increased.
Otherwise, the required SIRtarget is fall and transmission power decreased.
HSUPA Downlink Open Loop Power Control configured E-AGCH, E-RGCH/E-HICH with
proper power offset, guaranteeing UE to correctly received downlink control message
including E-DCHAG, RG and ACK/NACK, etc. Because the receiving performance of E-
RGCH/E-HICH with macro diversity has a gain against that of E-AGCH without macro
diversity, ZTE RAN system dynamically adjust E-AGCH Power Offset to save
transmission power according to handover status.
Keywords
Unlink Open Loop Power Control, Unlink Outer Loop Power Control, Unlink Inner Loop
Power Control, Downlink Open Loop Power Control
Introduced Version
V306R2。
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.24 ZWF25-04-007 Code Allocation for HSUPA

Benefits
The feature provides the configuration of SC (Scrambling Code) and CC (Channelization

Code) for HSUPA service.
Description
After HSUPA is introduced, ZTE RAN system support HSUPA code management for the
following types
• Downlink SC
E-AGCH, E-HICH/E-RGCH uses Primary SC of the cell
• Uplink SC
For a UE, E-DPCCH and E-DPDCH use the same SC as that of uplink DPCCH
• Downlink CC
E-AGCH uses CC with SF 256. E-RGCH/HICH uses the same CC with SF 128.
E-AGCH and E-RGCH/HICH CC is statically configured. The number of
supported users of each E-AGCH and E-RGCH/HICH is limited. The number of
E-AGCH and E-RGCH/HICH is configured according to the predicted number of
HSUPA users within the cell.
• Uplink CC
CC with SF 256 is always used for E-DPCCH. The remaining CC of OVSF code
tree can be used for E-DPDCH. ZTE RAN feature DRBC can configure the
minimized SF for a UE automatically according to practical traffic of the service
to save the Node B’s baseband resource.
Keywords
Code Resource, SC (Scrambling Code) and CC (Channelization Code)
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.25 ZWF25-05-001 QoS Mapping for HSUPA Service

Benefits
The feature implements QoS Mapping for HSUPA Service to support Node B scheduling
based on priories of users and services, realizing different user experiences of services.
Description
ZTE RNC maps priority of services and users assigned by RAB to HSUPA SPI
(Scheduling Priority Indicator). ZTE Node B support SPI-based scheduling algorithm.
The higher SPI, the more chance and scheduled resource (Power Grant) the UE can get.
Therefore different user experiences of services are realized.
Keywords
Scheduling Priority, SPI
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.26 ZWF25-05-003 Directed Retry between E-DCH and DCH

Benefits
The feature establishes the service on proper frequency layer when R99 and HSUPA
are deployed on different carriers.
Description
ZTE RAN system supports service dedicated property for a cell. For example, a cell can
be set to HSUPA dedicated and reject R99 service: service can only be setup on E-DCH,
not on DCH. Different transport channels are suitable for different kinds of service. For
example, CS service need dedicated DCH to guarantee real-time capability while high
speed packet data service should use E-DCH to make use of higher frequency efficiency.
If the network has multiple frequency layers and at least one of them is dedicated for
HSUPA or R99, it’s necessary to allocate radio resources to different frequency layers
according to the property of service. If user is not in the frequency layer required to the
service, ZTE RAN system will trigger to perform inter-frequency handover to directly
switch the service to the expected frequency layer. For example, a user initiate a CS
session in a HSUPA dedicated frequency layer, RNC will directly try to switch it to the
frequency layer supporting R99. Or a user initiate high speed packet data session in a
R99 dedicated frequency layer, RNC will directly try to switch it to the frequency layer
supporting HSUPA.
Keywords
Direct Retry
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.1.27 ZWF25-05-004 HSUPA Flow Control

Benefits
This feature realizes the uplink data control mechanism between the RNC and the Node
B and avoids data loss due to Iub transmission congestion when the NodeB transmits
too much data.
Description
When the peak rate of E-DCH channel is very high, if the transmission bandwidth
configured for the Iub interface is very small or the available transmission bandwidth
becomes smaller because some transmission links become failure, the data
transmission becomes congested, and the data is disorder, discarded, or delayed. At the
moment, it is necessary to reduce the uplink transmit traffic volume so that it does not
exceed the uplink transmission bandwidth. This can avoid unnecessary frame loss and
increase the retransmission events after the occurrence of congestion, thus reducing the
The ZTE RNC records the information on the data frame reception time, FSN, and CFN
of each E-DCH channel. Based on the information, the ZTE RNC can detect the frame
loss rate and fame time delay variation of the period, and finally judges whether
congestion occurs at the Iub interface. When detecting congestion at the Iub interface,
the RNC sends the TNL Congestion Indication frames to the NodeB. The NodeB
reduces the authorization of the UE according to the congestion information and controls
the uplink transmit bit rate of the UE, thus reducing the data traffics of the Iub interface.
Keywords
Flow Control, Flow Control
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No

6.2 Other HSUPA Related Functionality

6.2.1 ZWF25-01-002 HSUPA Dedicated Carrier
Benefits
The feature enables deploying HSUPA dedicated carrier to provide higher peak unlink
data rate and throughput of a cell.
Description
The HSUPA is generally used with the HSDPA. You can adopt the same carrier
frequency for the uplink R99 and HSUPA to realize R99 and HSUPA services
simultaneously or use independent carrier frequency to support HSUPA/HSDPA service
only.
When the frequency resources available to the carrier are limited and the R99 service
must be provided in the uplink, use the same frequency for the HSUPA and the R99 to
capitalize on the attributes of the HSUAP and provide high speed data services. But the
resources occupied by the R99 can reduce the uplink peak rate and throughput of a cell
and affect the QoS of the data services.
When the carrier has more frequency resources than what are needed by the R99
service, it can adopt different frequencies for HSUPA and HSDPA service. Since the
frequency band utilization efficiency of the E-DCH is higher than that of the DCH, the
carrier can obtain higher uplink peak rate and cell throughput, improve the QoS of the
wireless data service, and reduce the cost of high speed data service.
ZTE RAN system supports HSUPA dedicated cell and supports concurrency of R99 and
HSUPA/HSDPA services for a cell. R99 dedicated cell is not support in this HSUPA
dedicated carrier. In order to support traditional CS service and low speed PS service
(carries on DCH), it’s necessary to deploy R99 supported carrier besides
HSUPA/HSDPA dedicated carrier. ZTE RAN system can distribute users to different
carriers according to the service type.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V306R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.2.2 ZWF25-01-011 HSUPA 2ms TTI

Benefits
The feature enable E-DCH use 2ms TTI to shorten the latency of unlink data
transmission. The feature improves user experience and improves the capacity and
throughput of the system.
Description
ZTE RAN system supports 2ms TTI in HSUPA E-DCH. Compared to 10ms TTI, 2ms TTI
has the following advantages:
− The frame alignment time during the data framing of the transmitter
decreases so that air interface latency is greatly reduced, compared with
10ms TTI.
− The Round Trip Time (RTT) of HARQ process is reduced so that HARQ
performance as well as user data rate are improved.
− 2ms TTI enables Node B to track cell load status and allocate resource
within 2ms, making better use of uplink resource of the cell.
A UE can approach 5.76Mbps peak uplink rate on if 2ms TTI is used.
Keywords
2ms TTI
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.2.3 ZWF25-01-023 HSUPA 2Mbps Peak Bit Rate

Benefits
The feature enables 2Mbps peak uplink rate for one user.
Description
ZTE RAN system support 2Mbps HSUPA peak rate. When a user’s data service is
carried in E-DCH, the uplink rate of MAC layer can reaches 2Mbps, in this case the
HSUPA UE capability must be class 4 or higher.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.2.4 ZWF25-01-024 HSUPA 5.76Mbps Peak Bit Rate

Benefits
The feature enables 5.76Mbps peak unlink rate for one user.
Description
ZTE RAN system support 5.76Mbps HSUPA peak rate. When a user’s data service is
carried in E-DCH, the uplink rate of MAC layer can reaches 5.76Mbps, in this case the
HSUPA UE capability must be class 6 or higher.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R1
Enhanced Function
No

Introduction Package with “ZWF25-01-011 HSUPA 2ms TTI” and “ZWF25-01-023
HSUPA 2Mbps Peak Bit Rate” features.

Benefits
The feature enables a cell to support 32 HSUPA users.
Description
ZTE RAN system support channel signature allocation and packet scheduling for 32
HSUPA users within a cell, so maximum 32 HSUPA users are simultaneously supported
in one cell.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
No


Benefits
The feature enables a cell to support 64 HSUPA users.
Description
ZTE RAN system support channel signature allocation and packet scheduling for 64
HSUPA users within a cell, so maximum 64 HSUPA users are simultaneously supported
in once cell.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No

Introduction Package with “ZWF25-01-025 HSUPA 32 Users per cell” feature.
6.2.7 ZWF25-02-011 SRB over HSUPA

Benefits
The feature enables RRC signaling and NAS signaling to be carried on E-DCH,
significantly accelerating signaling process on Uu interface and reducing the latency of
subsequent service.
Description
ZTE RAN system supports SRB carrying on E-DCH. All SRBs are multiplexed to a
dedicated MAC-d Flow. RNC configured QoS parameters properly for SRB. ARP and
SPI, for instance, are configured to highest priority. Node B uses “non-scheduling”
method to provide SRB rate guarantees, improving the transmission reliability for RRC
signaling and NAS layer signaling.
Keywords
SBR over HSPA
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.2.8 ZWF25-03-005 HSUPA over Iur

Benefits
The feature supports HSUPA data frame transmitted on Iur interface between RNC,
improving user experience for high speed data service when moving across different
RNCs.
Description
When a HSUPA user is moving across cells of different RNCs, ZTE RAN system
controls parameters configuration to DRNC and attached Node B via Iur interface.
HSUPA data frame can be transmitted via Iur interface as well, so that E-DCH
transmission is retained during inter-RNC handover through Iur interface and avoid
service downgrading to DCH.
Keywords
No
Introduced Version
V307R2
Enhanced Function
No

6.2.9 ZWF25-05-002 HSUPA Nominal Bit Rate for I/B Service

Benefits
The feature provides Nominal Bit Rate (NBR) for I/B class service which is similar to
GBR. It can prevent I/B class users from being blocked too long to obtain necessary
bandwidth for satisfactory experience.
Description
ZTE RAN system support NBR for I/B class service over HS-DSCH. RNC provides NBR
parameters to Node B for I/B class service. During HSUPA fast scheduling, Node B
guarantees the lowest bit rate for I/B class service according to the assigned NBR.
Keywords
Nominal Bit Rate, NBR
Introduced Version
V408R1
Enhanced Function
No

7 HSPA Evolution
7.1 R7 HSPA+
7.1.1 ZWF26-01-001 64QAM for HSDPA
Benefits
The HSDPA technology defined in the 3GPP R5 protocol introduces the downlink
shared channel HS-DSCH and the physical layer processing process. In contrast, the
downlink DCH channel introduced before the R5 protocol can only use the QPSK
modulation. In an environment satisfying certain wireless quality, the channel can use
the 16QAM high order modulation, making the cell peak rate reaching 14.4Mbps. To
further improve the downlink peak rate of a cell and system frequency spectrum
utilization efficiency, the HS-PDSCH channel defined in 3GPP R7 uses the 64QAM
modulation mode.
After the adoption of the 64QAM modulation, the 6 consecutive symbols in each group
(including nk, nk+1, nk+2, nk+3, nk+4, and nk+5) are converted into two tributaries (I and Q
tributaries) through serial-to-parallel conversion. In tributary I, there are 3 consecutive
symbols (i1= nk, i2= nk+2, i3= nk+4); in tributary Q, there are three consecutive symbols: q1=
nk+1, q2= nk+3, q3= nk+5. The symbols in tributaries I and Q can be mapped into 64
constellations through modulation. Since the 16QAM modulation can process 4
consecutive symbols at a time. Therefore, the modulation of the 64QAM increases by
50% in contrast to that of 16QAM. Compared with the HS-DSCH of R5, the peak rate of
a single user increases by 50%, reaching 21.6Mbps.
Keywords
64QAM
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No
required to obtain the License and configure the HSUPA basic function package and the
ZWF26-01-002 with downlink layer 2 enhanced.
7.1.2 ZWF26-01-002 Improved DL L2 Support

Benefits
This attribute supports the variable-length PDU of the downlink RLC and breaks the
downlink transmission speed bottleneck of R6 or earlier version, help to improve the
downlink peak rate during the evolution of the HSPA technology.
Description
The new technologies such as 64QAM introduced in the evolution of the HSPA will
continuously increase the transmission rate of the downlink data. However, the fixed-
length PDU (320 or 640 bits), RLC transmit window size (the maximum size is 2047),
and the inherent round-trip time delay (about 50ms) defined by the 3GPP R99 for the
AM RLC have limited the peak rate of the upper layer service. The RLC cannot support
services with bit rate higher than 14Mbps. Therefore, the original RLC protocol becomes
the bottleneck of the HSPA evolution.
The ZTE RAN supports L2 Version with Enhanced Attribute of 3GPP R7.
• When services are carried over the HS-DSCH channel, the AM RLC uses flexible
PDU size, supports variable-length PDU, and expands the maximum PDU length to
1504 bytes. The length of the actually-used PDU can be configured in OMC.
• The HS-DSCH frame matching the RLC flexible PDU size is added to the FP layer.
• In the MAC layer of the UE and NodeB, the MAC-ehs entity is added in replacement
of the original MAC-hs entity, as shown in Figure 23. The data segmentation
function is also added to the MAC layer to realize the RLC flexible PDU size.
RLC RLC
MAC MAC-d
MAC- HS- HS-

hs / DSCH DSCH
MAC- FP FP
ehs
L2 L2
PHY PHY L1 L1
Uu Iub/ Iur
Figure23 Structure of the HS-DSCH without MAC-c/sh
The ZTE RNC can control the configuration exchange between Version with Enhanced
Attribute L2 and traditional L2 mode when the transmission channel is moved or
switched between NodeBs.
Keywords
L2 Enhancement
Introduced Version
V409R1
Enhanced Function
No
required to obtain the License and configure the HSDPA introduction package.

ZXWR RAN V409R1 Advanced Feature Description - V4.11

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ZXWR RAN V409R1 Advanced Feature Description - V4.11

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ZXWR RAN V409R1

Advanced Feature Description

Version Date Author Approved By Remarks

V409R1 2009-02-18 Not open to the Third Party

© 2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. I

1 Service and Radio Access Bearers .......................................................................... 1

2 Radio Network Functionality ..................................................................................... 5

II © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

2.10.6 ZWF21-40-024 Extended Cell Range to 120Km ....................................................... 41

3 Transport Network Functionality ............................................................................ 43

4.1.1 ZWF23-01-001 HSDPA Common Carrier with R99 .................................................. 87

5 MBMS ...................................................................................................................... 121

IV © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

5.1.11 ZWF24-03-005 MBMS Overload Control ................................................................ 132

6 HSUPA ..................................................................................................................... 140

7 HSPA Evolution ...................................................................................................... 168

ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. V

7.1.1 ZWF26-01-001 64QAM for HSDPA ......................................................................... 168

VI © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

FIGURES and Tables

Figure1 Schematic diagram of the Iu Flex networking .............................................................. 26

1 Service and Radio Access Bearers

AMR-WB, which is the abbreviation of “Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband”, is a wideband

WB AMR, wideband speech, G722.2

ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 1

1.2 ZWF21-02-022 PS Signalling RAB for IMS

2 © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved ZTE Confidential Proprietary

1.3 VoIP Package

ZTE RAN equipment supports PS session services:

VoIP, RTP, RTCP, SIP

ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 3

The feature, which is an optional function of VoIP package, is controlled by Software

1.3.2 ZWF23-02-005 PS Conversational RAB for VoIP over HSDPA

VoIP over HSDPA

4 © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved ZTE Confidential Proprietary

1.3.3 ZWF25-02-005 PS Conversational RAB for VoIP over HSUPA

VoIP over HSUPA

2 Radio Network Functionality

ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 5

2.1.2 ZWF21-01-020 High Speed Signalling RB

6 © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved ZTE Confidential Proprietary

2.2 Mobility Management

ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 7

2.2.2 ZWF21-03-013 Quality Based Handover

2.2.3 ZWF21-03-021 Hierarchical Cell Structures

8 © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved ZTE Confidential Proprietary

HCS, Moving rate based handover

2.2.4 ZWF21-03-022 IMSI based Handover

ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 9

2.3 Radio Resource Management

10 © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved ZTE Confidential Proprietary

This feature supports dynamic adaptation of WB-AMB in V307R1.

2.3.2 ZWF21-04-022 Frequency Priority

ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 11

2.3.3 ZWF21-04-024 User Differentiated Power Control

Sometimes, the power transmitted of a terminal is so large as to interfere other terminals

12 © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved ZTE Confidential Proprietary

2.4 QoS Guarantee

The RAB QoS negotiation can be triggered in two modes:

• The renegotiation is triggered by the network.

ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 13