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  • Types of Canal and Dam - 21437040 - 2023 - 07 - 29 - 18 - 48

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    15 views62 pages

    Types of Canal and Dam - 21437040 - 2023 - 07 - 29 - 18 - 48

    Uploaded by

    prasant patel

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 62
    INTRODUCTION ep: jgesowov Rosie, a = WHAT IS DAM? => — » Adam isa barrier constructed across a river or a natural stream to create a reservoir for impounding water or to facilitate diversion of water from the river. > Atback side of this barrier water gets collected, forming a pool of water, the side on which water gets collected is called as upstream side and the other side of barrier is called as downstream side. The lake of water which is collected on upstream side of dam is called as a reservoir. » Dam isa very large structure, generally length is about half kilometer constructed across the river to storage a water for many purposes like, irrigation, industrial supply, hydropower, recreation etc. as Generally, the dam should be constructed of{V) shape thus to achieve economy in it’s construction. The tallest dam in the world is ‘NUREK DAM’ in Tajikistan has 300m high “NUREK DA and the ‘BHAKRA DAM is the highest in Asia and second highest in the world. The BHAKRA dam is constructed across river SULTEJ in Himachal Pradesh and has 2 the year 1948 and was completed in 1963. ‘6m high, the construction of this dam was started in > RAW MATERIALS : Dams may be constructed of raw materials like, masonry, timber, steel, gravel, clay, sand and silt etc. —>_Por POSE OF BRN b> Fraigation 7 a |» Flood. Con's0\ 7 id Blectsiciry I> Develop Fishisics > contol Silt Ls giver crosweiant” HESTORY OF DA _HESTORY OF DAN porn een awa bom ogden Sooo BL — —2 DYES oF DAM > CONCRETE > ORAVETY > RACH > But Res” >_ EMBANKMENT [> EPRTH peru, | EAI t» Rock FEN. > Compost TE ATHEN AVITY DAM vity dam isa solid structure made up 1asonry or concrete and are structed across the river to resist the es exerted upon it by it’s own weight. se dams are heavy and massive wall like structures of concrete in ch the whole weight act vertically downwards. he entire load is transmitted on the small area of foundation, such 1S are constructed where rocks are competent and stable. mple :-‘BHAKRA DAM’ Is the highest concrete gravity dam. S courkorovt > equalg sd 2 is BUTTRESS DAM comme dom, » ‘Buttress’ means a support that ULL YOURS transmits free trotma reat or wallto ancther supporting structure. ad » Buttress dam is a gravity dam we reinforced by structural supports. se : PD opt » This type of structure can be considered even if the foundation rocks are en wt litle weaker oF a ARCH DAM > These types of dams are constructed of concrete or masonry dams which are curved or convex upstream in plan, » This shape helps to transmit the major part of the water load to the abutment. > Arch dams are built across narrow, deep river gorges, but now in recent ‘wider valleys. years they have been considered even for li EARTHEN DAM > The dams which are constructed of earthen materials such as gravel sand, siltand clay are called as‘ Earthen Dam. » They are ‘trapezoidal’ in shape. Earthen dams are relatively smaller in aE ° height and broad at the base. » Earthen dams are constructed where the foundation or the underlaying materials or rocks are weak to support the masonry dam or where the suitable competent rock are at greater depth. > ROULFILL > madeur of Fours —> COMPOSITE? combination of 440 tyres OF Oe [pentane toweary eS owe | = “VY - = sit — - = STRUCTURE OF DAM HEEL :- TOE :- ABUTMENT :- GALLERIES: SPILLWAY :- SLUICE WAY:- FREE BOARD Contact with the ground on the upstream side, Contact on the downstream side, Sides of the valley on which the structure of the dam rest. A gallery is an opening provided in a dam for obtaining access to the interior of dam. Itis the arrangement near the top to release the excess water of the reservoir to downstream side, It is an opening in the dam near the ground level, which is, used to clear the silt accumulation in the reservoir side. It is the vertical distance between top bund level and high flood level. __Detentiondam= PPP reece PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION sd ngs » To doall preliminary survey like engineering, hydrological, geological and detailed survey ete. «10 collect the report about maximum height of flood level by past 35 years at dam site. a — To know the soil condition and bearing capacity, to decide the type of dam tobe constructed at dam site. »T6 collect the information about people getting benefit from the dam and maximunvarea is to be irrigated by the dam, +o know the maximum annual rainfall at the dam site. SITE SELECTION FOR DAM » Good foundation should be available. Pecorory wif should be located in a narrow valley. Af should have sufficient space for spillway. .

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