Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CH 1
CH 1
vGoal/outcomes
Ø Understand the fundamentals of GIS
Ø Understand GIS and its application
Note:
qGIS stands for Geographic Information System
qRS stands for Remote sensing
Introduction
Øb
Introduction…
Geospatial technology
Ø Is geographic information technologies which include any
software or hardware that interacts with physical locations and
collect data for future analysis.
Ø It is used to collect, analyze and store geographic information or
geospatial data.
Ø It uses software to map geographic locations while analyzing the
impact of human activity.
Ø 3 of the most common geospatial technologies includes:
Geographic
Information
System
GIS: Overview and Definition…
OR ?
Ø.
GIS: Work flow(Procedural perspective)
Ø.
OR ?
GIS: Work flow(Practical perspective)
Ø Mapping
Ø GIS is used to gather, manage and analyze spatial related data.
Ø It includes analyzing spatial location and organizing layers of
information into visualizations using maps and 3D scenes.
Ø Urban Planning
Ø GIS can be used as a spatial database and as analysis and
modeling tool.
Ø It also help the urban planner to identify and establish zoning
criteria that allows for the expansion of urban development.
Ø Transportation Planning
Ø GIS is used to plan new road and route infrastructures, improving
the mobility across the country and or region.
GIS: Applications…
Ø Surveying
Ø Using GIS in Surveying involves measuring the location of
objects on earth, and the use of Global Navigation Satellite
Systems (GNSS) for this purpose.
Ø The data incorporated in the system can estimate area and prepare
digital maps
Ø Public Health
Ø GIS is vital to the help planning and analysis of the provision of
health care services across states and cities.
RS: Overview and Definition
.
RS: Components
.
.
RS: Elements
.
RS: Applications
Ø Forestry
Ø Forest
Ø Biodiversity management
Ø Environmental assessment
Ø Habitat analysis
Ø Pest/disease outbreaks
Ø Hydrology
RS: Applications…
Ø City expansion
Ø Wetland delineation
Ø Agriculture
Ø Soil sensing
Ø Farm classification
Ø Agriculture estimation
Ø Advantages
Ø a) Provides data from large areas
Ø b) Provides data of very remote and inaccessible regions
Ø c) Able to obtain imagery of any area over a continuous period time through
which any anthropogenic or natural changes in the landscape can be analyzed
Ø d) Relatively inexpensive when compared to employing a team of surveyors
Ø Disadvantages
Ø a) The interpretation of imagery requires a certain skill level
Ø e) Distortions may occur in image due to the relative motion of sensor and
source
GIS-RS: Software Packages