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    By Nardito Moraleta

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    19 views7 pages

    Philippine MedTech Law Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Beatrice Ann
    By Nardito Moraleta

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 7
    Chapter 1: A Brel Wstory ofthe Profession | page 1 Chapter 1 A Brief History of the Profession In my eager desire and determination to trace back the beginning of this profession, I did a lengthy wet ftom several sources available on this topic. Among my readings I noted two imports opinions "HEH considered significant as tothe beginning of the profession Thee opinions are of View tne and Anna Fagelson. Vivian Herrick strongly believes that medical technology may be traced back in 1550 B.C. when pacatinal parasites such as tacnia and ascaris were mentioned in writings. She also noted that the ber Papyrus an early writing) have descriptions ofthe three stages of hookworm inection To support the opinion of Herrick, that the profession may have been practiced in the carly days before it had been noticed, Professor M. Ruth Williams have stated in her book, “An Introduction es he Profession of Medical Technology”, that Urinalysis was a fad during the Medieval Period (1096-1438), So that Quacks calling themselves doctors reaped fortunes from diagnosing diseases by the appearance of Urine. Yet carlier than the Quacks, Hindu doctors have made the scientific observation that the urine of Certain individuals attracted ants and that such urine had a sweetish taste. Nevertheless, Anna Fagelson profes to date medica technology from the 144 century when a Prominent Italian physician, Mondino de’ Liuzzi atthe University of Bologna employed one Alessandra Giliani to perform cerain tasks which would now be considered those of the medical technologist, It is of interest that Giliani died from a laboratory acquired infection. [The Profession had progressed-apidy inthe 17% century when Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632- 1723) had invented the first functional microscope. He was the fist to describe the red blood cell to see Protozoa, and to classify bacteria according to shape. With the production of Aniline dyes about the middle ofthe 19 cennury, it became possible to stain bacteria and to study them better under the microscope, Somewhere inthe year 1800, Dr, William Occam searched and found the answer to the diagnosis of his patients by several means and part of this process of collecting evidence was investigation in the laboratory, anda large part ofthe complete picture consised of laboratory findings. ‘These discoveries lead to the idea to change some of the systems in the science of medicine, This idea was interfered parally by the government withthe requirement for qualification of a doctor by The Apothecaries Act of 1815. However, through the leadership of Baron Karl Wilhelm von Humboldi, medicine brought in itself a complete revolution by the development ofthe physical findings before and after death in establishing an anatomical pathology and later in adding bacteriology tothe elucidation ofthe ‘causes of disease and the laboratory examinations Through the influence of Germany this new science was then known to Greece, Japan, Turkey, England and the United States of America, ‘twas in the United Sates of America that this science was highly developed to a very great extent due to its financial capabilities, manpower and interest more emphasized to cope up with the modem world. The first laboratory (which happens to be a chemical laboratory related to medicine) was opened in the United States atthe University of Michigan, Dr. Silas Douglas started the first laboratory instrction in 1884. This laboratory was said to be well equipped during those times and grew year by year until it became the largest and the best equipped chemical laboratory open to students inthe United States Similar laboratories were established in 1854. One of the frst was the Medical College of St Bartholomew. Four years later in 1858, all par-time practicing clinicians were reinforced as teachers by page 2 | Chapter 1: A Bret History ofthe Profession hods to medical practicg bol fessional unis applying the new Inbortory me Pn A ey whole me professional uni teaching at the University College at Cambridge sn Sirncos fa ‘the College of Physicia New Yor 7 i Welch (a graduate of the United States and wag ) tat ee Lettie ees in Germany retumed 1016 establish a laboratory, ye ested wilh Aine hte Bur disapointed with his ambition tae plac 0 St Tea teaching Bellevue Hop Neds Callege Here eal oti had vith hichen aie and consist (the 1 pathole girs microscope ounes The abrton coma of ron Pioneer of aa Hops Hospi! Doemat of Prolog) tt hs 8 He 18! MEY eer lopkins Hospital Departmen given in an American Medical School In 1885, Weleh became the fist professor of pathology at John Hopkins Univesity. ty yy, a ea topsies. hospital he established a laboratory for bacteriological studies and for autops hn Scott Burdon- Teas in 1885 when a man of a very high caliber by the marie ee ae ae on on tiained significant results in his works in medicine by APD ins er his ence of medicine. He also initiated the use of laboratory animals for experiments oo Sen Oe examinations to help him in his diagnosis. Later in 1887, he had conclu ae ‘methods in Clinical Medicine elucidates pathological problems. it the first Clinical Laboratory was 4 tefe in the literature indicated that ‘ b opened i 1896 Geof tes wath lon Hops Hospi, which eepied a 1212s rom ta was equipped at a cost of fifty dollars. ae saat II the references indicated that » Nevertheless, Conac’s article which is probably the source of a i linia lbortory had been pened tthe Univesity of Penasylvania in 1896 (Wiliam Pepper Laborson) And that others were to be found in Boston, Baltimore, New York, and in many other cities, i is 1896 was th One of the very clear evidences thet clinical laboratories had been established in 1896 was the 1900 census ofthe United Sates which sted 100 tecnicians, al of them males employed in the different laboratories throughout the country. Another was the publication ofa laboratory guide by Dr. James C, Todd in 1908 entitled “Manual of Clinical Diagnosis” which ‘was later published by Dr. Todd and Dr. Arthur Sanford as a book entitled “Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods” and presently published under the editorship of Davidson and Heemy when the authors died This showed that the authors have proven and improved laboratory techniques and procedures as a result of an actual laboratory experimentations & exposures, ‘Yet, it was not until 1911 when an Insurance Aet was approved and a complete revolution in the ‘evelopment ofthe laboratory science as the basis of diagnosis of disease was formally accepted. 1 was in 1915 that the State legislature of Pennsylvania enacted a law requiring all hospitals and institutions to have an adequate laboratory & to employ a fulltime laboratory technician org the United States required a two-year collegiate education and a twelve-month actual iriing in the Inboratory fr the preparation of its practic. A standard curiculam was formaliced a stan in preparation for a Bachelor of Science Degree. Chapter 1: A Bret History of the Profession I page 3 States Army left the laboratory. Although the said Medical Laboratory was endorsed by the United States ‘Army to the National Department of Health before they left. But the National Department of Health did not take interest on it, maybe because the science was not very well known and popular during those days. One of the Filipino doctors, Dr. Alfredo Pio de Rode, a well known Bacteriologist who was among the dislocated staff of the 26" Medical Laboratory took the pain to preserve and save the remnants of the laboratory. This was because of a very noble idea that came into his mind for the good of the residents of Manila. He thought that the residents of Manila could be better served by laboratory methods to solve their problems in relation to their health. Hence, Dr. Alffedo Pio de Roda went to see Dr. Mariano C. Icasiano, the first city health officer of Manila and presented his ideas and good intentions in the preservation of the remnants of the 26" Medical Laboratory and organizing a new medical laboratory in order to give better health services to the Manilans by laboratory ‘methods, Dr, Icasiano, seeing the noble ideas, sincerity, purity of intention and concern about the health of the Manilans, was touched and convinced. He accepted the proposal of Dr. Alfredo Pio de Roda to establish a medical laboratory under the city health department. It was on October 1, 1945 when the medical laboratory now known as the Public Health Laboratory was formally organized under the leadership of Dr. Aldredo Pio de Roda. ‘The training of medical technicians started in February 1947 under Dr. Alftedo Pio de Roda and Dr. Prudencia C, Sta, An. The trainees were mostly high school and paramedical graduates. The course was free to all interested people, but the course has no specific or definite period of training nor a certificate of completion issued for such training. So that, ‘some of the trainees trained only for a week, some for two weeks and others for several weeks, It was in 1954 when Dr. Alfredo Pio de Roda instructed Dr. * : ‘Sta.Ana to prepare a syllabus of training for the medical technicians that the RS => 2 ty formal six-month training period was required and a certificate of Dr. Prudencia Sta. Ana completion was given to successful trainees. Later Dr. Tirso Briones joined the two doctors in the training program at the Public Health Laboratory. ‘The training program st the Public Health Laboratory did not last long since the Manila Sanitarium and Hospital (now the Manila Adventist Medical Center) at Pasay City and its sister establishment, the Philippine Union College (now the Adventist University of the Philippines) at Baesa, Caloocan City (now at Silang Cavite) started to offer the Medical Technology Course through the pioneering efforts of Mrs. Willa Hilgert Hedrick, an American Medical practitioner and a missionary of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church to the Philippines, who was assigned to work at the Manila Sanitarium and Hospital with her Medical Internist husband, Dr. Elvin Hedrick in 1953. Mrs. Willa Hilgert-Hedrick, Dr. Reuben G. Manalaysay, then President of the Philippines Union College, Rev. Merritt C. Warren, then President of the North Philippine Union Mission of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church in the Philippines and Dr. Manuel L. Carreon of the Bureau of Private Schools from the Bureau of Education of the Philippines, met and decided that Mrs. Willa Hilgert-Hedrick do the preparation of the Course curriculum and put up the first Medical Technology School in the Philippines. Mrs. Hedrick had to do her very best in complying with her task. However, she had some difficulties in working for a ‘complete laboratory in the division of Microbiology, Parasitology and Histopathology. Fortunately, Mrs. Antoinette McKelvey who just came from New York and trained under Dr. Papanicoloau, joined Mrs. Hedrick in putting up the first complete Inboratory in the Philippines at the Manila Sanitarium & Hospital, Dr. Reuben G. Manalaysay Rev, Merritt C, Warren ‘Mrs. Willa Hilget-Hedrick Founder of Medical Technology Education inthe Philippines Mrs. Willa Hilgert-Hedrick was the founder of the Medical Technology Education/course in the Philippines. She was an American Seventh Day Adventist missionary to the Philippines and married to Dr. Elvin Hedrick, the first Medical internist of the Manila Sanitarium and Hospital (now Manila Adventist Medical Center). ‘The course started at the Manila Sanitarium and Hospital in 1953 (now Manila Adventist Medical Center) under the charge of Philippine Union College (now Adventist University of the Philippines). ‘The Medical Technology course was opened due to the following reasons: 1. The hospital doctors’ need for a laboratory. 2. The search for competent laboratory workers, but laboratory workers then got no formal laboratory training and no official standard program or training for laboratory workers was offered, except at the Public Health Laboratory but trainees were only allowed to observe in the laboratory but not to perform laboratory works. Likewise there was no time limit of training required they could train two weeks ot as long as they would like to. 3, The Lord’s response to their needs so that one day Rev. Merritt C, Warren, president of the Seventh Day Adventist North Philippine Union Mission, Dr. Reuben G. Manalaysay, President of the Philippine Union College and Director Dr. Manuel L. Carreon of the Bureau of Private Schools came to see Mrs. Hedrick to formally request her to start a school of Medical Technology for the Philippine Islands. The application of the Manila Sanitarium and Hospital and the Philippine Union College to open the Medical Technology Schoo! with a five-year curriculum leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology was approved by the Bureau of Education (now the Department of Education, Culture & Sports) in 1954, ‘The Philippine Union College (now the Adventist University of the Philippines) gradusted its first Medical technology graduate in March 1955 in the person of Mr. Jesse Umali. And in Summer 1955 ‘Chapter 1:A Brief History ofthe Profession | page S graxtation, two Medical Technologists also graduated, Mr, Avetino Oliva and Miss Adoracion Yutue, Mr, Jesse Uma, however, took up his Medical studies at the Far Basten University and became a very successfil OB-Gyne practitioner and was an owner of the well known Omega Laboratories at Vito Cruz before he finally left for the United States. tis sad to say that Di, Jesse Umali, a classmate and a good fiend had passed away, Jesse Umalt

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