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MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. All but which of the following is one of the primary types of governmental systems?
a. Federal
b. Unitary
c. Socialist
d. Confederal
e. All of the above are primary types of governmental systems
ANS: C REF: 25 NOT: Factual
5. A government in which ultimate governing authority is held solely by state or regional governments is
a. unitary.
b. monarchic.
c. confederal.
d. federal.
e. totalitarian.
ANS: C REF: 25 NOT: Factual
6. The fact that Great Britain had a _________ government was an important contributor to the adoption
of the Articles of Confederation in the aftermath of the American Revolution.
a. unitary
b. monarchic
c. confederal
7. A government in which power is shared between a national government and state governments is
a. unitary.
b. monarchic.
c. confederal.
d. federal.
e. totalitarian.
ANS: D REF: 26 NOT: Factual
8. An important reason the Framers of the Constitution adopted a federal system was
a. they decided that the government under Britain was desirable after all.
b. they believed the central government under the Articles of Confederation was too
powerful.
c. government under the Articles of Confederation was too centralized.
d. they thought the states should be more powerful than they had been under the Articles of
Confederation.
e. they wanted to give more power to the central government.
ANS: E REF: 26 NOT: Applied
9. Powers of the central government explicitly listed in the U.S. Constitution are
a. expressed.
b. reserved.
c. implied.
d. concurrent.
e. inherent.
ANS: A REF: 26 NOT: Conceptual
10. __________ are those that are assumed to exist so that the government can perform functions that are
expressly delegated.
a. Expressed powers
b. Reserved powers
c. Implied powers
d. Concurrent powers
e. Inherent powers
ANS: C REF: 26 NOT: Conceptual
11. Powers of the central government that are not necessarily listed in the constitution but are required to
maintain the integrity of the nation are
a. expressed.
b. reserved.
c. implied.
d. concurrent.
e. inherent.
ANS: E REF: 26 NOT: Conceptual
12. In establishing the system of federalism, the framers of the Constitution wanted to achieve
a. a government chiefly dominated by a powerful central government.
b. a government chiefly dominated by strong state governments.
c. a government that would resemble the British parliamentary system, on the theory of
“better the problems you know than problems you don’t know.”
d. a balance between parochial interests and broader national concerns.
e. a minor revision of the Articles of Confederation.
ANS: D REF: 26 NOT: Conceptual
13. Over the course of the nation’s history, power has tended to
a. remain concentrated in the central government.
b. remain concentrated in state governments.
c. migrate from the states to the national government.
d. migrate from the national government to the states.
e. be exercised largely by a coalition of large state governors.
ANS: C REF: 26 NOT: Conceptual
14. Government powers shared by the national government and the states are
a. expressed.
b. reserved.
c. implied.
d. concurrent.
e. inherent.
ANS: D REF: 27 NOT: Conceptual
15. Governing powers held by the states, as confirmed by the Tenth Amendment, are
a. expressed.
b. reserved.
c. implied.
d. concurrent.
e. inherent.
ANS: B REF: 27 NOT: Conceptual
16. Delegated powers held by the national government include all of the following except the power to
a. coin money.
b. regulate interstate commerce.
c. conduct elections.
d. declare war.
e. enter into treaties.
ANS: C REF: 27 NOT: Conceptual
17. Reserved powers include all of the following except the power to
a. enter into treaties.
b. establish and provide for local governments.
c. ratify constitutional amendments.
d. provide for public health and safety.
e. conduct elections.
ANS: A REF: 27 NOT: Conceptual
18. Concurrent powers include all of the following except the power to
a. levy taxes.
b. establish courts.
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In 1849, there was a Grand Venetian Carnival, and 60,000 lamps
were advertised.
In October 1853, when the annual license for the Royal Gardens
was applied for, great complaints were made of the nuisance caused
by the bals masqués which lasted from 11 p.m. till 5 or 6 a.m., and
were frequented by many disreputable characters. The license was
renewed on the somewhat easy conditions that the fireworks should
not be let off after eleven, and that the gardens should close at three
in the morning. In 1858, Mr. R. Duffell was the director. Monster
galas were announced, and the gardens were opened on Sundays
for a promenade.
Monday, 25 July, 1859, witnessed the last entertainment at
Vauxhall Gardens. One of the vocalists at the concert then given was
Mr. Russell Grover, who died lately, in April 1896. After the concert
and the equestrian performances in the Rotunda, dancing was
continued till past midnight: the fireworks displayed the device
Farewell for Ever, and Vauxhall was closed.
On 22 August following, the auctioneer ascended his rostrum in
the gardens at noon and announced that the site had been let for
building, and that all the property on the premises must be sold.
Three “deal painted tables with turned legs,” made for the gardens in
1754, went for nine shillings each. The dancing platform realised fifty
guineas, the ballet theatre seventeen guineas, and the orchestra
ninety-nine pounds. The pictures that still remained in the supper
boxes were purchased by Edward Tyrrell Smith, who placed them in
the Banqueting Hall at Cremorne. The whole sale realised about
£800.
The builders soon went to work upon the twelve acres of Vauxhall
Gardens, and in 1864 the church of St. Peter, Vauxhall, erected on
part of the site, was consecrated. Numerous streets of small houses
have for many years completely obliterated all traces of the gardens,
the boundaries of which, it is, however, interesting to trace. The
western boundary is marked by the present Goding Street, and the
eastern by St. Oswald’s Place. Leopold Street and a small portion of
Vauxhall Walk define their northern limit, and Upper Kennington
Lane marks their southern extent. The space within these
boundaries is occupied by Gye Street, Italian Walk, Burnett Street,
Auckland Street, Glynn Street, and part of Tyers Street,[362] and also
by St. Peter’s Church and the Lambeth District School of Art.
The Farewel to Vaux Hall.]
[Listen]
[Listen]
As late as 1869 “the Supper Colonnade of Vauxhall” was
advertised to be sold cheap,[363] and with this prosaic detail of our
own time, we must perforce take leave of the pleasure gardens of a
past century.
AUTHORITIES AND VIEWS.
The literary and pictorial matter available for a history of Vauxhall
Gardens is almost inexhaustible and, except in a monograph, it would
be impossible to set forth a detailed list of authorities and views. The
present sketch is primarily based on the materials furnished by an
extensive collection in the writer’s possession, consisting of views,
portraits, songs, bills, and cuttings from newspapers and magazines,
and covering the period 1732–1859. Among many other authorities
that have been consulted, the following may be mentioned:—Pepys’s
Diary: A Sketch of the Spring Garden, Vauxhall (by John Lockman,
1753?); A Description of Vauxhall Gardens, London, S. Hooper, 1762
(Guildhall Library, London); Kearsley’s Stranger’s Guide (1793?); Sale
Catalogues of Vauxhall Gardens, 1818 (Brit. Mus.) and 1841 (W.
Coll.); A Brief Historical and Descriptive Account of the Royal
Gardens, Vauxhall, 1822; The Vauxhall Papers, 1841; the histories of
Lambeth and Surrey; W. H. Husk in Grove’s Dict. of Music, art.
“Vauxhall Gardens”; Austin Dobson’s Eighteenth Century Vignettes,
1st ser. p. 230, ff.; Cunningham’s Handbook of London; Wheatley’s
London Past and Present; Walford, vi. 447, ff.; Blanchard in Era
Almanack for 1870, p. 9, ff.
INDEX
A
I
Iliff, Mrs., 269
Incledon, Charles, 216, 310
Ireland, Mr., 280
Isaacs, Miss Rebecca, 165
Islington Spa, 15–24
Kean, Edmund, 51
Kear, 97, 242, 243
Keeble, organist, 202
Keefe, Mr., 280
Kelly, Mr., 307
Kemp, William, 81 ff.
Kennedy, Mrs., 310
Kenrick, Dr., 108
Kentish Town Assembly House, 129, 130
Kerman, Madam, 34
Keyse, Thomas, 231 ff.
Kilburn Wells, 194–196
King, Erasmus, 280
King’s Bench Prison, 276
Knerler, Mr., 96
Macklin, 52
Maddox, Michael, 48
Mallinson, 319
Mara, Mme., 216
Marble Hall, Vauxhall, 281, 282
Marinari, G., 215
Marriages at Sion Chapel, Hampstead, 178, 180
Marshall, Miss, 243
Martin, Edward, 123
Martin, the “Tunbridge Knight,” 18
Martyr, Mrs., 310
Marylebone Gardens, 40, 93–110
Marylebone Music Hall, 109
Marylebone Spa, 108
Mason, Monck, 321, 322
Masters, Elizabeth, 290
Mattocks, Mr. and Mrs., 250
May-dance, 30, 115
Maze, at New Georgia, 188;
at White Conduit House, 135
McDougal, Mr., 65
Mensall, Mr., 73
Merlin’s Cave, Clerkenwell, 54, 55
Merlin’s Cave at the New Wells, 34, 54;
at Richmond, 54
Mermaid Gardens, Hackney, 10
Miles, James, 46, 47
Miles, Mr., 273
Miles’s Music House, 46, 47
Mills, Mr., 273
Milton, statue of, 302
Milward, Mr., 233
Misaubin, “Dr.,” 18
Molloy, Mr., 22
Monconys, 287
Monkhouse, Mr., 65, 137
Montagu, Lady M. W., 20
Montpelier Gardens, Walworth, 10
Moore, Mr., 173
Moore, at Finch’s Grotto, 242
Morland, George, 153
Morland, Sir Samuel, 287
Mortram, 318
Mother Huff’s, Hampstead, 180
“Mount Etna” at Ranelagh, 215, 216
Mount Gardens: see Flora Tea Gardens, Westminster Bridge
Road
Mountain, Mr. and Mrs., 312
Moyse, Miss, 101, 243
Mozart, 210
Mulberry Garden, 1
Mulberry Garden, Clerkenwell, 40–42
Munden, 72, 311
Murphin, 243
Musard, 322
Paddy O’Rourke, 65
Paine, Thomas, 115
Palmer, flute-player, 243
Pancras Wells, 123–126
Pandean Band, 135
Pantheon, Oxford Street, 25, 268
Pantheon, Spa Fields, 25–28, 143
Park, hautboy player, 103
Parry, harper, 208
Parson Bate: see Dudley, Sir H. B.
Patagonian Theatre, 243
Pay, Miss, 233
Pearson, Mrs., 44
Peerless Pool, The, 81–85
Peile, Mr. and Mrs., 233
Penny’s Folly, 145, 146
Pepys, Samuel, 1, 2, 94, 189, 258, 286–288
Perceval, Rt. Hon. Spencer, 192
“Perillous Pond,” 81
Petersham, Lady Caroline, 298
Phelps, Samuel, 52
Phillips, Mr., 103, 106
Piercy, Mrs., 233
Pike, organ-builder, 242
Pinchbeck, 18, 291
Pinder a Wakefielde tavern, 56
Pinto, Mrs., 104: see also Brent, Miss
Pinto, Thomas, 103, 104, 250
Piquenit, 104
Placido, 51
Plenius, Miss, 101
Pleyel, 269
Price, equestrian, 142, 148, 150
Prospect House: see Dobney’s Bowling Green
Prynn, 65
Yates, Mr., 35
Yeates, Mr., 35, 36
York Buildings Music Meeting, 279
Yorkshire Stingo, The, 115–116
Young, Miss, 209
THE END