Preface

Sturdevant’s The Art and Science of Operative Dentistry has always

been considered one of the key references in Operative Dentistry in most
countries. The fact that it has versions in several other languages is proof of
its widespread use not just by dental students, but also by dental educators.

This user-friendly book contains multiple choice questions (MCQs) based

on the contents of the seventh edition of The Art and Science of Operative
Dentistry. It is intended for a wide range of readers -- students (undergraduate
or postgraduate), educators, and practitioners alike -- who are interested in
reviewing or testing what they’ve learned about Operative Dentistry.

The MCQs are arranged based on the same chapters found in the reference
book. For easy navigation, you can find the page numbers from which the
questions were based, in case you need to refer back to the reference book for
more information or verification of the key answers. Furthermore, there is also
an index at the end of the book so you can always go back to the topics you need
to focus on some more.

The author, reviewers, and editors of this book have taken extreme care in
preparing this book. Many hours of diligent work were spent to offer you the
best possible exam questions book based on The Art and Science of Operative
Dentistry, and for further any informations, suggestions, or corrections please do
not hesitate to contact us.

Dr. Shaker Al Saad

shakeralsaad@gmail.com
+966542102310
Associate Consultant in Restorative Dentistry
Dental Department
King Abdulaziz National Guard Hospital
Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
 Acknowledgment

I would like to dedicate this page and express my gratitude to my mentors and
colleagues who supported me and helped me gain knowledge in the field of
dentistry.

First and foremost, I would like to thank Dr. Mansour Al Qadha, our
former chairman in dental department in King Abdulaziz Hospital- Al Ahsa
Saying "thank you" is not enough for me to express how grateful I am for your
support over the years. You are my mentor, and everything I have achieved to date
is because of you. You were there since my application and as I took my studies
in Advanced Education in General Dentistry, as well as for the Saudi Board in
Restorative Dentistry.

I would also like to acknowledge Dr. Dhia Al Nughaimish, our program director
in Saudi Board in Restorative Dentistry. A truly great leader is challenging to find,
so we appreciate how lucky we are to have a great one like you who understands,
supports, and guides us through every obstacle. You’re truly a gem of a person
and definitely a great leader. We are so happy to work under your leadership.

Another person to whom I would like to dedicate a heartfelt thanks is our current
Dental Chairman Dr. Aziza Al Hubail. I am extremely grateful for the promotion
but more importantly, it wouldn’t have been possible without your understanding
and support. Thank you for being such an amazing boss.

I would also like to thank Dr. Angel Aquitania for assisting with review and
grammatical edits for this edition. I am extremely grateful for her valuable time
spent proof-reading, editing, reviewing and correcting my work. For her words of
encouragement for me to be able to complete this book. She made my work easier
and I could not thank her enough

Last but definitely not the least is my family, for your love and support. You all
kept me going and this book would not be possible without you.
 Contents (2500 MCQs)

Chapter 1. Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology,

Physiology, and Occlusion,
Page 1-50 (501 MCQs)

Chapter 2. Dental Caries: Etiology, Clinical Characteristics, Risk

Assessment, and Management,
Page 51-86 (366 MCQs)

Chapter 3. Patient Assessment, Examination, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Planning,
Page 87-122 (343 MCQs)

Chapter 4. Fundamentals of Tooth Preparation,

Page 123-144 (201 MCQs)

Chapter 5. Fundamental Concepts of Enamel and Dentin Adhesion,

Page 145-174 (285 MCQs)

Chapter 6. Light Curing of Restorative Materials,

Page 175-198 (212 MCQs)

Chapter 7. Color and Shade Matching in Operative Dentistry,

Page 199-213 (136 MCQs)

Chapter 8. Clinical Technique for Direct Composite Resin and Glass

Ionomer Restorations,
Page 214-244 (281 MCQs)

Chapter 9. Additional Conservative Esthetic Procedures,

Page 245-275 (286 MCQs)
1
Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy,
Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

Teeth and Supporting Tissues Occlusion

Dentitions General Description
Classes of Human Teeth: Form and Mechanics of Mandibular Motion
Function Capacity of Motion of the Mandible
Structures of Teeth Articulators and Mandibular
Physiology of Tooth Form Movements
Maxilla and Mandible Tooth Contacts During Mandibular
Movements
Oral Mucosa
Neurologic Correlates and Control of
Periodontium
Mastication

1
Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

Teeth and Supporting Tissues (Page 1) Canines (Page 1)

6. The function of the canine is:
Dentitions (Page 1) a. Seizing and piercing the food
1. The primary dentition consists of: b. Tearing and cutting the food
c. Playing role in the aesthetic smile and
a. 16 teeth lip support
b. 20 teeth d. Serving as important guides in occlusion
c. 24 teeth e. All of the above
d. 32 teeth
7. Advantage of canine to be used as abutment
2. The permanent dentition consists of: for fixed partial denture:
a. 16 teeth a. It has long roots
b. 20 teeth b. It is a strong tooth
c. 24 teeth c. It is stable Abutment
d. 32 teeth d. All of the above
Classes of Human Teeth: 8. In canine guidance, the maximum eccentric
Form and Function (Page 1) forces are on:
3. On the basis of form and function, a. Canine, first premolar, second premolar
the primary dentitions are divided into b. First premolar, second premolar and first
the following classes, except: molar
c. All anterior except canines
a. Incisor class d. Canines only
b. Canine class
c. Premolar class
d. Molar class Premolars (Page 1)
4. Because the diet of humans consists of animal 9. Which is the following being correct about
and plant foods, the human dentition is called: premolars:
a. Carnivorous a. Playing role in esthetic
b. Herbivorous b. Tearing the food like canines
c. Omnivorous c. Grinding the food like molars
d. All of the above
Incisors (Page 1) 10. These teeth play an important role in esthetics:
5. All of the following are functions of a. Incisors
the incisors, except: b. Incisors and canines
a. Cutting the food c. Incisors, canines, and premolars
b. Proper esthetics d. Incisors, canine, premolars, and molars
c. Proper phonetics
d. Maintaining the vertical dimension of
the face

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 b d c c d e d d d c
Molars (Page 1) 17. Tooth Enamel cells (ameloblasts) are derived

Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

from:
11. Teeth serves as the fulcrum during function:
a. Endoderm
a. Canines b. Mesoderm
b. Molars c. Ectoderm
c. Premolars and molars d. Ectomesoderm
d. Anterior and posterior teeth
12. Teeth play important role in maintaining Enamel thickness (Page 2)
the vertical dimension of the face:
18. The portion of tooth covered by enamel:
a. Canines
b. Molars a. Anatomical crown
c. Premolars and molars b. Clinical crown
d. Anterior and posterior teeth c. Extracoronal crown
d. Endocrown
Structures of Teeth (Page 1) 19. The portion of tooth exposed in the oral cavity:
13. Teeth are composed of: a. Anatomical crown
b. Clinical crown
a. Enamel and dentin c. Extracoronal crown
b. Enamel, dentin and cementum d. Endocrown
c. Enamel, dentin and pulp
d. Enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp
20. The thinnest area of the enamel is located at:
Enamel (Page 2) a. The incisal ridges of the incisors
b. The cusp of premolar
Enamel formation (Page 2) c. The cusp of molar
d. The cementoenamel junction (CEJ)
14. Enamel formation is called:
a. Amelogenesis 21. On the cusps of human molars and premolars,
b. Dentinogenesis maximum thickness of enamel is about:
c. Cementogenesis a. 0 to 1 mm
d. Osteogenesis b. 2 to 3 mm
c. 4 to 5 mm
15. Enamel is laid down: d. 5 to 6 mm
a. Mainly by odontoblasts
b. Mainly by ameloblasts Groove, fossa, pit and fissure (Page 2)
c. Only on odontoblasts
d. Only by ameloblasts 22. Cusps on the occlusal surfaces of posterior
teeth begin as:
16. Ameloblast is: a. Separation ossification centers
a. A cell from which the enamel is formed b. Coalescence of enamel lobes
b. A cell from which the dentin is formed c. Coalescence of dentin lobes
c. A tissue from which the tooth erupts d. Incomplete coalescence of enamel lobes
d. A tumor of the jaw

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
b c d a d a c a b d b a 3
Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

23. The linear depression on a tooth surface 28. The organic matrix of enamel is comprised of:
that results from the coalescence of the a. Hydroxyapatite
developmental lobes of the enamel is called: b. Enamel proteins
a. Fossa c. Collagen type I
b. Groove d. Collagen type II
c. Pit
d. Fissure 29. The tooth enamel is:
a. 96 % organic and 4 % inorganic
24. The deep invagination in the groove of the b. 96 % inorganic and 4 % organic and water
enamel surface as a result of incomplete c. 50 % organic and 50 % inorganic
coalescence of the development lobes of d. No organic content
the enamel is called:
a. Fossa
Structure of enamel (Enamel rods, rod
b. Groove sheath and interrod substance) (Page 3)
c. Pit
d. Fissure 30. The enamel is composed of:
a. Enamel rods (prisms)
25. The noncoalesced enamel at the deepest point b. Rod sheaths
of a fossa is called: c. Cementing interprismatic (interrod)
a. Fossa substances
b. Groove d. All of the above
c. Pit
d. Fissure 31. The interrod enamel is/has:
a. More calcified than the enamel rod
26. Pits and fissures represent non–self-cleansing b. Less calcified than the enamel rod
areas where acidogenic biofilm accumulation c. The same degree of calcification as
may occur. They are formed by: the enamel rod
a. Sound coalescence of enamel lobes d. Organic in nature
b. Sound coalescence of dentin lobes
c. Incomplete coalescence of enamel lobes 32. The interrod enamel is different from rods:
d. Incomplete coalescence of dentin lobes a. More calcified than the enamel rod
b. Less calcified than the enamel rod
Chemical composition of enamel (Page 3) c. In crystal direction
d. Organic in nature
27. The largest inorganic matrix of the enamel is
comprised of: 33. The enamel rod sheath is/has:
a. Hydroxyapatite a. Same cross striations
b. Enamel proteins b. The same degree of calcification as
c. Collage type I the enamel rod
d. Collagen type II c. Less calcified than the enamel rod
d. More calcified enamel than enamel rod

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
4 b d c c a b b d c c c
34. Caries spread in enamel through: Imbrication lines of Pickerill (Page 3)

Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

a. Structureless Enamel
b. Enamel rods 40. The clinical manifestation of Stria of Retzius:
c. Enamel sheaths a. Imbrication lines of Pickerill
d. Interrod substance b. Hunter-Schreger bands
c. Hypocalcification
Incremental striae of Retzius (Page 3) d. Neonatal lines

35. The successive apposition of layers of enamel 41. The shallow grooves on the enamel surface,
during crown formation is visualized as: where striate of Retzius end are known as:
a. Gnarled enamel a. Cracks
b. Incremental lines of Retzius b. Imbrication Lines of Pickerill
c. Hunter- Schreger bands c. Perikymata
d. Dead tracts d. Enamel lamellae
36. The incremental striae of Retzius may be
considered growth rings that form during: Perikymata (Page 3)
a. Amelogenesis 42. Perikymata are the external surface
b. Dentinogenesis manifestations of the enamel, is seen due to:
c. Cementogenesis a. Imbrication lines of Pickerill
d. Osteogenesis b. Von Ebners incremental line
c. Salter incremental line
37. The incremental striae of Retzius appear: d. Enamel lamella
a. As lines in the enamel running at right
angles to the enamel surface 43. The Perikymata are:
b. As lines in the dentin running at right angles
a. Elevations between the imbrication lines of
to the dentinoenamel junction
Pickerill
c. In enamel and follow the apposition pattern
b. Present in the enamel
d. In dentin and follow the apposition pattern
c. Parallel to the CEJ
d. All of the above
38. In horizontal (ground transverse) sections
of a tooth, the incremental lines of Retzius
appear as: 44. The small elevations, perikymata, seen on
facial surfaces of canines are the result of:
a. Concentric circles
b. S- shaped lines a. Hyperplasia
c. Symmetric arc pattern b. Hypocalcification
d. Zigzag lines c. Normal development

39. In vertical sections of a tooth, the incremental 45. Perikymata are more prominent in which of
striae of Retzius appear as: the following areas:
a. Concentric circles a. Facial surface of the tooth near the cervical
b. Symmetric arc pattern region
c. Zigzag lines b. Facial surface of the tooth near the incisal
d. Cracks edge
c. Lingual surfaces

34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
c b a c a b a b a d c a 5
Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

Enamel Rods number and direction
(Page 3)
46. Which of the following statement(s) is correct
about the enamel:
a. Enamel is composed of enamel rods,
rod sheath and interprismatic (interrod)
substances
b. The number of enamel rods is about
5 million in lower central incisor, and
12 million in the upper first molar
c. The length of enamel rods is greater than
thickness of enamel because of oblique
direction and wavy course of the rods
d. All of the above
47. Range of number of enamel rods is:
a. 2-3 millions
b. 4 - 8 millions
c. 5 -12 millions
d. 10 -20 millions
48. Approximately how many enamel rods are
present in a maxillary molar?
a. 5 millions
b. 7 millions
c. 9 millions
d. 12 millions
51. Direction of the enamel rods in the deciduous
and permanent teeth is:
a. Same throughout
b. Different at cervical third
c. Different at occlusal and incisal thirds
d. Random
52. The enamel rods in the incisal and cuspal
areas are:
a. Vertical in direction
b. Horizontal in direction
c. Apical direction
d. Oblique and then horizontal in direction
53. The arrangement of enamel rods in the
cervical region of permanent teeth is in:
a. Vertical direction
b. Horizontal direction
c. Apical direction
d. Oblique and then horizontal direction
54. The enamel rods are approximately horizontal
in:
a. Incisal edges of a permanent teeth
b. Cervical edge of permanent crown
c. Cusp tips of a permanent teeth
d. Cervical and central parts of a deciduous
crown

49. The direction of enamel rods in general is:
a. Parallel to the outer surface of enamel
b. Parallel to the dentinoenamel junction
c. Perpendicular to the dentinoenamel
junction and the outer surface
d. Random Direction
50. In general, the enamel rods are oriented at:
a. Right angle to dentinoenamel junction
b. Right angle to enamel
c. 45 degrees to dentin
d. 45 degrees to enamel
55. Which of the following are true regarding the
direction of enamel rods?
a. They are almost vertical near the incisal
edge (or) cusp tip areas
b. In the cervical third of deciduous crowns,
they are almost horizontal in direction
c. In cervical region of permanent teeth, they
deviate in apical direction
d. All of the above

46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
6 d b d c a b a c d d
Structureless (Prismless) (Page 3) 61. An enamel rod is formed by:

Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

56. What is the thickness of the layer of prismless a. One ameloblast
enamel? b. Two ameloblasts
c. Three ameloblasts
a. 30 μm d. Four ameloblasts
b. 50 μm
c. 75 μm
d. 100 μm Gnarled enamel (Page 3)

57. The prismless enamel commonly identified
toward:
a. The cervical region of tooth
b. The incisal edge of tooth
c. The cusp tips of tooth
d. Middle third of tooth
58. The prismless layer of enamel:
a. Is found only in primary teeth
b. Is more heavily mineralized
c. Is found near the Dentino- Enamel junction
d. Contains no hydroxyapatite
59. Since in the prismless enamel of the enamel
surface all crystallites are oriented
perpendicularly to the surface, this surface
enamel is:
a. More resistant to etching than ground
enamel
b. Less resistant to etching than ground
enamel
c. Not related
Ameloblasts forming enamel rod (Page 3)
60. Which of the following statements is/are
correct?
a. Each rod is formed by four ameloblasts
b. Each ameloblast contributes to four
different rods
c. The bulk of the ‘head’ of each enamel rod
is formed by one ameloblast, whereas the
tail is formed by three other ameloblasts
d. All of the above
62. When viewed under a microscope, the bundles
of enamel rods that intertwine in the region of
cusps or incisal edge, produces an appearance
referred to as:
a. Incremental lines of Retzius
b. Imbrication of Pickerill
c. Gnarled enamel
d. Hunter- Schreger bands
63. Gnarled enamel is formed due to:
a. Groups of enamel rods may entwine with
adjacent groups of rods
b. Markedly wavy and irregular enamel rods
at the cusps or incisal edges
c. Following a curving irregular path toward
the tooth surface
d. All of the above
64. The Gnarled enamel and Hunter- Schreger
bands occur:
a. The cervical region of tooth
b. The incisal edge of tooth
c. The cusp tips of tooth
d. All of the above
65. Which of the following areas of enamel is
strongest i.e. most resistant to stresses?
a. Perikymata
b. Enamel tufts
c. Gnarled enamel
d. Hunter-Schreger bands

56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
a a b a d d c d d c 7
Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

66. Enamel that can withstand severe masticatory
force is:
a. Rod sheath
b. Cervical enamel
c. Gnarled enamel
d. Enamel lamellae
67. Gnarled enamel provide strength by resisting,
distributing, and dissipating impact forces,
that:
a. Minimize risk of fracture
b. Minimize risk of erosion
c. Minimize risk of abrasion
d. Minimize risk of attrition
Hunter-Schreger bands (Page 3)
68. Bands of Hunter-Schreger are produced due to:
a. Changes in the direction of the enamel rods
prism orientation from one group of prisms
to the next group of prisms
b. Alternate light and dark zones in reflected
light
c. Varying widths that have slightly different
permeability and enamel organic content
d. All of the above
69. Hunter Schreger bands are:
a. Dark and light bands of enamel seen in
longitudinal ground section
b. Dark and light bands of enamel seen in
horizontal ground section
c. Dark and light brands of dentin seen in
longitudinal section
d. Dark and light bands of dentin seen in
horizontal section
70. In which of the following locations will
Hunter-Schreger bands occur?
a. In the cervical region only
b. In the cusp tips
c. In the occlusal surfaces only
d. Along the long axis of the tooth
Enamel Rods diameter and shape (Page 3)
71. Due to wavy course of the rods, length of
enamel rods is
a. Greater than the thickness of enamel
b. Less than the thickness of enamel
c. Equal to the thickness of enamel
72. Enamel rods:
a. Have only a concave surface in cross section
b. Increase in thickness from the dentino-
enamel junction to the surface of enamel
c. Decrease in thickness from the dentino-
enamel junction to the enamel surface
d. Are always the same thickness regardless of
location
73. Diameter of enamel rods is:
a. 2.0- 4.0 μm
b. 4.0- 8.0 μm
c. 10-15 μm
d. 25-30 μm
74. The diameter of the enamel rods increases
from dentinoenamel junction towards the
surface of enamel in a ratio of about:
a. 1:2
b. 1:3
c. 1:4
d. 1:5
75. Which of the following statements about the
enamel rods is incorrect?
a. They are the basic structural units of
enamel
b. They run from the dentinoenamel junction
to the crown surface
c. Length and diameter of all enamel rods are
equal
d. They are keyhole shape in cross section

66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
8 c a d a d a b b a c
76. Which of the following statement about 81. The remnant of the primary enamel cuticle

Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

the enamel rods is correct? after eruption is referred to as:
a. In ground cross sections enamel rods a. Nasmyth membrane
appear hexagonal and resembles fish scales b. Pellicle
b. The heads of rods are near occlusal and c. Primary attachment epithelium
incisal surfaces, whereas the tails point d. All of the above
cervically
c. The apatite crystals are parallel to bodies
and deviate 65 ° from the tails
Pellicle (Page 4)
d. All of the above are correct 82. After a tooth surface has been completely
cleaned, the new mucoprotein coating which
77. On microscopic examination, in ground
formed on the surface is called:
(transverse) sections of human enamel,
the rods resemble: a. Pellicle
b. Plaque
a. Triangle
c. Materia alba
b. Fish scales or Keyhole appearance
d. Nasmyth’s membrane
c. Skin scales
d. Cow horn
83. Which of the followings is correct regarding
the pellicle?
78. The ‘Keyhole’ pattern appearance in the
transvers “cross” section is feature of: a. Composed of salivary glycoproteins,
enzymes and immunoglobulin
a. Aprismatic enamel
b. Bacteria free
b. Prismatic enamel
c. If microorganisms attach to the pellicle,
c. Intertubular dentin
a biofilm is formed
d. Intratubular dentin
d. All of the above

Nasmyth membrane (Page 4)

Biofilm (Page 4)
79. A delicate membrane that covers the ends of
84. Biofilm is composed of:
the enamel rods of the newly erupted tooth is
referred to as: a. Bacteria
b. By products of the bacteria
a. Primary enamel cuticle
c. Extracellular matrix and water
b. Nasmyth’s membrane d. All of the above
c. Pellicle
d. Both (a) and (b)
85. The biofilms found on tooth surfaces are
termed as:
80. Primary enamel cuticle or Nasymyth
membrane are formed from: a. Pellicle
b. Dental caries
a. Ameloblasts
c. Dental plaque
b. Odontoblasts
d. Saliva
c. Keratin
d. Non-dental origin

76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85
d b b d a a a d d c 9
Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion
Apatite crystallites (Page 4)
86. Which of the following statements is/are
correct about the crystallites of the enamel
rod?
a. They vary in size and shape
b. The average length is about 160 nm
c. The average width is about 30 nm
d. All of the above are correct
87. Which of the following is correct about enamel
crystals?
a. Same as dentin crystals
b. Contains organic portion in the center
c. Roughly Hexagonal in shape
d. The average width is about 30 microns
88. The long axis of enamel crystals is:
a. Parallel to the rod axis
b. 45 degree to the rod axis
c. 65 degree to the rod axis
d. Depend on the region of the rod
89. Apatite crystal are millions of small, elongated
crystallites, and generally they are parallel in
direction to axis of enamel rods, except in:
a. Body
b. Head
c. Tail
d. All regions are parallel in direction
90. Due to the orientation axis of the crystallite,
the least resistance to acids and caries:
a. The head region of the enamel rod
b. The periphery the head region of the
enamel rod
c. The tail region of the enamel rod
d. All regions had same resistance
86 87 88 89 90 91
10 d c d c a c
91. According to scientists’ recent studies says
about pattern of enamel prism
demineralization, true is:
a. The head and the tail regions are more
resistant to acidic demineralization
b. The head and the periphery of the head
regions are more resistant to acidic
demineralization
c. The tail region and the periphery of
the head regions are more resistant to
acidic demineralization
d. All regions had same resistance
Enamel permeability (Page 4)
92. Which best describes the physical
characteristic of enamel:
a. Hard, elastic, and translucent
b. Hard, permeable, and translucent
c. Hard, semipermeable and translucent
d. Opaque, brittle and semi permeable
93. Enamel is semipermeable and the routes
of passage of certain ionic exchange and
molecules maybe through all the followings,
except:
a. Enamel cracks
b. Enamel rods
c. Enamel sheaths
d. Enamel lamellae
94. Ionic exchange between enamel surface and
environment:
a. Does not take place once enamel matures
b. Stops after 2 years of eruption
c. Continues till adult life
d. Continues throughout life
95. Due to enamel maturation, the permeability of
Enamel is:
a. Decreases by age
b. Increases by age
c. Not affected by age
92 93 94 95
c b d a
Enamel tufts (Page 4) Enamel lamellae (Page 4)

Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

96. Enamel tufts are: 101. The thin leaf-like hypocalcified structure
a. Thin leaf-like structure extending from that extends from outer surface of the enamel
enamel surface to dentino-enamel junction to dentinoenamel junction is the:
b. Tuft-like structure arising from dentino- a. Enamel spindle
enamel junction towards enamel surface b. Enamel lamellae
c. Odontoblastic processes extending into c. Enamel tuft
enamel d. Cracks
d. Arise at dentin pulp junction and reach up
to enamel 102. Enamel lamellae have:
a. Mostly organic material
97. Enamel tufts arise from: b. Mostly inorganic material
a. Incisal edge/cuspal tip c. Organic material only
b. Cementoenamel region d. Inorganic material only
c. Cervical regions
d. Dentinoenamel junction 103. Fluid and fine particles can pass through
unbroken enamel through which of the
98. Enamel tufts which arise at the dentinoenamel following pathways?
junction and reach into enamel. Enamel tufts a. Enamel tufts
are: b. Enamel lamellae
a. Hypomineralized interrod substances c. Incremental lines
b. Hypomineralized enamel rods d. Enamel Spindles
c. Hypermineralized interrod substances
d. Hypermineralized enamel rods 104. Which of the following features
account for entry of bacteria and subsequent
99. Enamel tufts reach to: development of dental caries?
a. One-eighth to one-tenth from DEJ a. Enamel tufts
b. Two-third to half of enamel thickness b. Enamel lamellae
c. One- fifth to one-third of enamel thickness c. Incremental lines
d. One-third to half of enamel thickness d. Enamel Spindles

100. When caries reaches the dentinoenamel Enamel Solubility (Page 4)

junction, lateral spreading of bacteria and
caries along the junction, this may be due to: 105. Enamel solubility is highest and fluoride
a. Enamel lamella concentration is least effective in which area:
b. Enamel spindle a. Cusp tips
c. Enamel tuft b. Buccal areas
d. Enamel prisms c. Palatal area
d. DEJ

96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105

b d a c c b a b b d 11
Chapter 1: Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion

106. The effect/s of fluoride on the enamel: 112. Dentin is better to absorb impact force
a. Reduced acid solubility because of this mechanical property:
b. Decreased rate of demineralization a. High compressive strength
c. Enhanced rate of remineralization b. High modulus of elasticity
d. All of the above c. Low proportional limit in tension
d. High modulus of resilience
Hardness and strength (Page 5)
Dentinoenamel junction (Page 5)
107. In the human body, the hardest calcified
tissue is: 113. Dentinoenamel junction is:
a. Enamel a. Less fluoride
b. Dentin b. Less enamel
c. Cementum c. Less hardness
d. Bone d. All of the above

108. Mechanical properties of Enamel: 114. Dentinoenamel junction is:

a. High compressive strength a. Approximately 2 μm wide
b. High modulus of elasticity (rigid) b. Comprised of a mineralized complex of
c. Low modulus of resilience (brittle) interwoven dentin and enamel matrix
d. All of the above proteins
c. Scalloped and the convexities are pointed
109. Mechanical properties of Dentin: towards enamel
d. All of the above
a. More flexible
b. More resilient
115. Dentinoenamel junction is:
c. Greater tensile strength
d. All of the above a. Straight
b. Smooth
110. Which of the following description about c. Scalloped and the convexities are pointed
the enamel is incorrect? towards dentin
d. Scalloped and the convexities are pointed
a. Hard and Brittle towards enamel
b. High elastic modulus
c. High tensile strength
116. To provide maximum strength of amalgam
d. High compressive strength
restoration, the cavosurface angles should
have all the followings, except:
111. Which of these is NOT correct about
dentin? a. Approach 75 degree with outer surface
b. Approach 90 degree with outer surface
a. Flexible and resilient c. The marginal enamel rods should be
b. High elastic modulus supported by sound dentin
c. High tensile strength d. Be located in area free of occlusal stress
d. High compressive strength

106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116
12 d a d d c b d d d d a