Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction 02
Core Function #1: Deficiency Reports and Progress Reports 03
Core Function #2: Checklist Inspections 07
Core Function #3: Engineering and Commissioning Inspections 10
Core Function #4: Project Specific QAQC Plans 13
Core Function #5: Proactive Quality Assurance and Risk Management 15
Practical Considerations of a Project QAQC Software Platform 17
When digitizing QAQC on oil, solar, wind, and The distinguishing features of QAQC for decide which functions are worth pursuing
power delivery projects the five core QAQC energy projects are the exacting standards, and what benefits you can expect. You will
functions to consider are: rigorous inspection SOPs, and the complex, also be able to set priorities for what you’ll
technical nature of the inspections and tests. want to put into place now and what doors
1. Deficiency reports and progress Also, the consequences of failures far exceed you want to leave open for the future.
reports to monitor WIP and control other types of projects.
deficiencies. For the core functions that interest you, you
This eBook will explore these five core areas in will have clear ideas of how they would work
2. Checklist Inspections to assure
depth so you can decide which core functions on your projects. And when it comes to digital
completed work meets specifications.
you need or want for your energy projects. QAQC platforms, you can evaluate alternative
3. Engineering inspections and In the following pages we’ll provide you with solutions to make sure that they are capable
commissioning are for including insights into the QAQC best practices enabled of supporting your goals. You may only get
technical inspections in the QAQC by digital applications. You’ll understand one chance at selecting a QAQC platform.
process. what it is about, illustrated by real use cases, Getting it right the first time is critical.
Project specific quality plans provide and some pointers you should consider when
4.
a consistent company-wide QAQC implementing enhancements to your QAQC In-depth discussions of each of the five core
process. program. QAQC functions are in the sections that follow.
5. Proactive defect prevention and risk Taking a close look at the five core functions
management are for staying ahead of for your company gives you options. First, you
problems. will have insight into the best QAQC practices
for your team to consider. Then you can
Meanwhile, progress reports, as the name implies, provide a daily snapshot of project activity.
The progress report is a fundamental part of QAQC, providing a detailed record of project
activities through photos, videos, and activity logs. They also document decisions made, delays,
and issues encountered. Progress reports also include the ability to create deficiency reports as
discussed above.
Deficiency reports and progress reports are so fundamental to any QAQC program that they are
the first of the five core functions that, without question, should be part of every quality program.
Project QAQC teams digitize deficiency document and communicate any Digital deficiency reports provide a consistent approach for documenting issues
reports for several reasons, including: issues or challenges that arise, enabling and communicating them to vendors. Then they are automatically tracked as
the project personnel to work with open items until they are corrected.
• When emails and spreadsheets are no responsible parties to address these issues.
longer sufficient for communicating
In this example, an engineer uses a deficiency report when overseeing a
deficiencies and tracking corrections. When tracking deficiencies is out of
high-voltage transformer installation.
Field engineers need to quickly control it may be time to consider a
communicate issues and make sure digital assistant, especially if too much
The engineer sees that there is a cable termination that is not secure, pulls
they are corrected. Project QAQC teams time is wasted following up and yet
out a cell phone, in seconds, takes several photos, uses speech-to-text to
need easy access to outstanding some issues still slip through. Digital
write up the issue, and while standing there assigns the electrical contractor
issues that may impact the budget and solutions automate routine deficiency
as the responsible party. From there, the deficiency reports application
schedule. This is where spreadsheets reporting and follow-up alerts. This
automatically emails a notification to the vendor. The vendor follows the
fall short, as they cannot provide the allows more time to focus on ensuring
email link to open the punch item in the app. The vendor posts a photo of the
real-time information and visibility that that projects are completed on time and
repaired and properly secured cable. The application notifies the engineer,
project teams need. within budget.
who then reviews the photo, accepts the item as fixed, categorizes the
• When projects lack a documented issue as a workmanship defect, and assigns a QC cost of $200 and one
process for tracking and assigning day of schedule delay. The application maintains lists of all open items and
accountability for correcting automatically alerts you to overdue items. After the fact, dashboards track
deficiencies: deficiency reports clearly responsible party performance by the number of issues and track average
days to fix, QC costs, and schedule delays.
• When managers want daily project A field engineer observes structural steel connections being made and takes out a tablet,
updates delivered to their inboxes. For videos a walk-around of the structure, and then switches to the camera and zooms in
them, the progress report is like a virtual to document critical connection details properly done with a series of photos that are
site visit. time and GPS stamped. Automated weather reports document sunny and 70F, good
• When you need progress reporting conditions for this task. Sections of the progress report record on-site subcontractors,
in a structured way that serves all personnel, and equipment. Photos of a structural steel delivery clearly document
stakeholders. One well-conceived report condition and quantity match a photo of the bill of lading. Safety checkpoints document
to the project team, executives, and clients observations that PPE and safety procedures are in place. Damage to an installed beam
streamlines the communication process. is discovered, and a punch item is created on the progress report and assigned to the
steel erector as a high priority and immediately emailed from the progress report screen.
• When your progress reports need an When the site walk is done there is nothing left to do in the field office. Deficiencies are
upgrade. Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, automatically emailed to the responsible parties and the Progress report is automatically
and other social media applications set emailed to project stakeholders. The next day, selected information is carried forward to
the standard for visual communication. the new progress report, eliminating copying of common items from one day to the next.
The new generation of digital progress
reports allows field engineers to provide By having an operational vision of how digital progress reports might work on your projects
the visibility readers of the reports expect. you can communicate how the quality of the information on the progress reports improves
dramatically while preparing the report is far easier than any manual alternative.
Key capabilities to consider for digital Are requests for information (RFIs) and Key capabilities to consider for digital By digitizing deficiency reports and
deficiency reports: problem-solving messaging handled progress reports: progress reports, you are taking the first
within the app? step towards accountability for quality and
• Is it easy to use and does it save time? improving project quality outcomes. If you
• In what ways does it streamline • Can highly customized progress reports
When a digital deficiency report is the aren’t already using deficiency reports and
workflows for communicating issues be configured without programming?
easiest way to handle deficiencies then progress reports, you should begin using
to vendors, how do they document
field engineers will gravitate to the app. • Can progress reports include optional these digital tools today.
corrections, and what is the process for
Not so much if it adds a burden. This sections for manpower reporting,
accepting the corrections as fixed?
is a feature that is in daily use, so it is safety checks, photo surveys, videos,
worth proving that it actually works as • Are there Vendor performance analytics equipment condition reports, and
well as you imagine. for tracking vendors with the most weather reports?
issues, highest cost, and most schedule
• Can engineers complete the • How do field engineers dynamically
delays? Bonus Video: Communicating Deficiencies
documentation of the deficiency in the adapt the progress report as needs
• How are critical deficiencies elevated to https://youtu.be/mT8T9xy9XgQ
field and communicate them to people occur, such as material receiving, safety
formal nonconformance reports or for Bonus Video: Daily progress report
who need to know? This is critical not violations, or deficiencies are found?
disposition and approval by authorities? example. https://youtu.be/X5c4vX79jdE
only for eliminating administrative work
• Is it easy to use by field engineers?
in the office, but also allows corrections
to be made in a timelier fashion. Completing the report while walking
Having a detailed vision of how deficiency
the job site (no office work) is a strong
• How do you clearly document issues reports should work for you gives you the
positive indicator.
that explain the issue, the location, and ability to share your ideas for a far more
expectations for corrections? efficient way of handling and tracking • How are automated emails of progress
issues than phone calls, texts, and emails. reports and/or deficiencies configured
• What is the workflow for taking photos
to distribute relevant information to
and videos related to a deficiency? Is it
project personnel and vendors?
and videos related to a deficiency? Is it
in-line or a multi-step process?
Key capabilities to consider for your digital • How do inspectors access project
Checklist Inspections: reference documents, and inspection
SOPs standards while inspecting?
• Is there a ready-to-use library of
• How precise are user access permissions
checklist templates? Can your existing
for controlling access to checklists,
checklist forms be imported? Can
projects, and vendors? Can you isolate
checklists be easily modified?
vendors or inspectors working on the
• How simple are the inspection screens same project from each other?
to use? How much training do field
engineers need to use the digital
Data from Checklist Inspections provides
platform?
valuable information about recurring issues,
• What is the workflow for taking photos how often specific checkpoints are missed,
and videos to document observations and by whom. Dashboards and reports help
on a checkpoint? Is it in-line or a multi- project teams identify the costliest recurring
step process? issues so they can take steps to prevent them.
• How do you handle multiple deficiencies Bonus video: Checklist inspection workflow
related to a single checkpoint? example https://youtu.be/3X9Vuza7Nuk.
• How are deficiencies reported at any Bonus video: Consistent inspection examples
point during the inspection? What https://youtu.be/_VrnrQB5am8.
options are there for locating the issue
on the site?
Without digital engineering inspections, engineers typically resort to writing down their
information on paper, manually transcribing the data onto Excel spreadsheets, and emailing Companies should seriously consider engineering and commissioning
them out one by one. upgrading to a digital inspection platform in inspection platforms have built-in
these circumstances: spreadsheet capabilities.
The result is a parade of engineers, each deciding what data to record and how to report it. How When your project specifications have
do you communicate deficiencies ASAP to stakeholders? How do you plan each inspection, and • When your technical inspection technical requirements that cannot be
make sure they are carried out properly? How do you penetrate the data embedded in hundreds platform is based on transcribing documented by your current checklist
of bespoke PDF and Excel reports to measure vendor performance or track the inspection handwritten notes into Excel inspection process. Digital engineering
history of an asset? How do you accurately round up all the documents and prepare a closeout spreadsheets and then sending by inspections are game changers
package? How much time is lost trying to keep it all under control? What could possibly go email. It is nigh impossible to streamline because they have the ability to
wrong with such chaos? and systematize a process that has dynamically expand to collect repetitive
inefficient workflows baked into the measurements, calculate pass/fail, and
When engineering and commissioning inspections are included as a core function of the QAQC underlying technology. There wasn’t a have branching logic among a host of
program, they can take advantage of other QAQC platform features such as creating inspection choice before, but now digital other enabling features.
Key capabilities to consider for your digital be based on inspector entry as well • How do you prepare a project closeout
Checklist Inspections: as formulas and calculations? Can package that includes ITP completion
calculations and pass/fail formulas refer reports, inspection reports, images, videos,
• Can you perform all technical to checkpoints and data throughout the and test report files?
inspections and tests on the QAQC inspection report?
platform? This includes the full range
• Is there an asset list with serial numbers, Digital engineering and commissioning
of paper, PDF, and spreadsheet test
how are inspections linked to specific inspections provide a universal platform for
reports typically submitted by field
assets, can multiple assets be included in reporting all types of technical inspections
engineers, engineers, and third-party including field data and measurements in
one inspection report, how are inspections
inspectors. an organized way, calculating pass/fail, and
of serialized assets tracked for the lifecycle
• How are tables for collecting data of the assets, and can the app read QR/Bar producing inspection reports. It provides a
incorporated into the inspection Codes? consistent process for configuring unique
report, do the tables have formula and engineering report templates.
• How do inspection and test plans
summary calculation capabilities, are
accommodate the hierarchy of
there limitations to how large tables can
commissioning of equipment, into groups
grow?
of equipment into subsystems, and so on?
• How do you continuously inspect
• What is the workflow for technical
repetitive, ongoing work and ensure Bonus video: Engineering inspection
inspection reports that include a
that the inspection screen can expand examples. https://youtu.be/Ix3TeLGC87c
combination of field measurements, test
to add a group of checkpoints for each
data, observations, equipment calibrations,
new inspected item?
verification checks, and deficiencies? How
• How is “if-then” and inspection are photos, videos, and data files from test
branching logic configured, can it equipment included in the inspection report?
A QAQC Plan makes it absolutely clear to all project stakeholders exactly what
inspections and tests are required, and who is responsible for inspecting the work. When to Implement Digital Project Specific QAQC Plans
It also shows clients what QAQC activities they can expect during each phase of
work, so they have confidence that you are managing your own quality. Project QAQC teams prepare project the field team didn’t know, forgot,
specific QAQC plans for several reasons, or chose not to inspect. Missed
including: inspections result in potential risks. A
QAQC plans also helps hold people accountable for carrying out the necessary inspections. As
digital plan provides advance notice of
the project moves forward, automated progress tracking shows you which tests and inspections
• When quality levels vary between upcoming planned inspections as well
have been completed and which ones are still to come. Project QAQC plans help ensure that your projects. All project teams do the best as automatic tracking of the overall
quality assurance plan stays on track they can, but not all project teams are inspection plan. With it, you will have
as good as the best. While every project verification that all tasks have been
Without a quality plan, project teams decide on QAQC processes that are needed as they go is different, similar QAQC methods can completed as expected.
along. Or maybe they think that just looking for problems is good enough. Missing inspections is be used on similar projects. Project
• When spreadsheets are no longer
not a problem that can be fixed later, a sure recipe for chaos, increased project risks, and sooner specific plans incorporate lessons
useful for large projects. The sheer
or later - disaster. learned to standardize QAQC checks
number of inspections and testing
based on best practices that get quality
that needs to be carried out during the
An important part of a project specific QAQC plan is itemizing the inspections that will be results. Project plan templates can
project’s duration makes spreadsheets
performed to make sure the project complies with specifications and requirements at every provide project teams with a consistent
a clunky and cumbersome method.
stage of project delivery. QAQC framework that can be adjusted
Then attempting to track progress
to project specifics.
compounds the complexity culminating
When required inspections and tests in a chaotic project closeout. Digital
are ignored or missed. It doesn’t matter if QAQC plans automate the entire process.
It is far more efficient to build it right the first time than fix deficiencies later.
Proactive QA gets ahead of possible deficiencies by using data to assess recurring When To Implement Proactive QA and Risk Management
issues, risks, and use lessons learned on similar work. Project executives love
proactive QA because it removes significant business risks to budgets, schedules, Project teams know they need a digital a problem. Installing hundreds of solar
and warranty costs. approach to QA and risk management in panels incorrectly or a high-voltage
these scenarios: transformer that does not have fail-
safe mechanisms working properly
Without a way to prevent deficiencies, project teams are constantly reacting to problems that
• When encountered issues and defects could immediately make the project
demand immediate attention and burn through time and material. Projects spiral out of control are avoidable. A good indication that a unprofitable or even lose large sums of
when multiple problems hit in succession. Crossing fingers and hoping the project runs smoothly problem is avoidable is when you look money. The chances of a successful
is not a reliable project QAQC strategy. back and know what could have been outcome are much higher when you
done to prevent it. If that is true for the proactively control factors that remove
By proactively identifying quality risks, prioritizing them, and implementing risk control strategies, majority of your problems, then it’s time risks related to big potential problems.
project teams can minimize delays, reduce costs, and ensure first time quality. to shift to preventing problems in the
• When the company has a high-
first place.
performance program such as six-
• When quality is still not improving or is sigma, lean, or zero-defect first time
getting worse. QAQC programs are not quality program. All high-performance
sufficient if they merely maintain the initiatives have proactive approaches to
status quo. Proactive QA moves QAQC defect prevention built into their DNA.
programs towards first time quality. Digital QA and risk management is the
engine that drives it forward.
• When specific failures are extremely
costly, and you can’t afford to pay to fix
Digital solutions enable defect prevention and the implementation of effective risk controls
Key capabilities to consider for your digital • How can you track the success of
in ways that are not possible with traditional methods.
Proactive QA and Risk Management: defect prevention initiatives over time?
In this example, a proactive QA and risk management approach is used on a large wind
farm project. • How do you identify recurring issues
that repeat the most often, cost the Proactive QA, defect prevention, and risk
most, or cause the most delays? management can be well understood
Proactive QA begins with a pre-construction Design Review. Design review checklists
when it is laid out as a set of specific
based on years of experience provide a structured agenda for detecting potential errors • How do you tighten QAQC controls on business processes that work together
and omissions. Lessons learned through a deficiency analysis on similar projects are a project to prevent known risky issues toward achieving first time quality. It gives
incorporated into checklists that will be used on the project. A similar look at vendors from getting through? management the tools they need to improve
is made to uncover potential weaknesses that can be strengthened. In preparatory the productivity of the entire organization.
• How is vendor quality performance
meetings conducted in advance of each vendor’s work, there is a review of specifications
measured and tracked over time? How
and the QA plan to align expectations and heighten awareness of potential problems to
do you know which vendors have the
avoid. Initial inspections make sure work starts correctly and progress reports monitor
highest first time quality accuracy and
work continues correctly. On this project vendors self-inspect completed work before
create the fewest issues?
hand-off to the project team.
Bonus video: Proactive defect reduction
• How are lessons learned captured and
feature examples. https://youtu.be/b3jmT-
While proactive QA is operating on specific projects, there is also a company-wide put into practical use?
lm5UM
initiative to prevent common recurring defects. Managers use interactive performance
• How are design and specification Bonus Video: Quality performance
dashboards to examine the costliest deficiencies across all projects. Every quarter the
reviews and preparatory meetings dashboards and reports. https://youtu.be/
top 3 issues are targeted for problem-solving by multi-disciplined teams consisting of
integrated into the project QAQC VHc4ETMz8O4
designers, engineers, operations, and QA. Every quarter success is measured, and the
process?
process is repeated. Over the course of a year, eliminating the top 10-12 issues that
repeat most often is a game-changer for project productivity.
+1 410.451.8006