©) cunrrace @) QC INSPECTOR - COURSE cuarren.os Qw) dw) STD-INS P- oO aa aS) BACK PURGING PROCEDURE[ELDING & NDT SERVI > YOUTUBE :- WELDING KNOWLEDGE https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIUgZeXcvTUaiRmQin1 oC > LINKEDIN :- VISHAL DHAMELIYA https://www.linkedin.com/in/vishal-dhameliya-07605a4a, > WEBSITE :- WELDING & NDT SERVICES https://weldingndtservice.com/ WhatsApp Chat Link For Technical Discussion, Q NDT Level Il & I Training, Q NDT Certificate Renewal, > Ajay Raval : https://Wa.me/+919429419518 > Dipesh Patel t+ https://wa.me/+918155079565" >» Vishal Dhameliya https://wa.me/+919737177783> This procedure describes governing back purging for the welding of Stainless Steel. > This procedure defines the purging method during the welding of material of ASME P.No. and higher in accordance with international code. v Quality Manager Project Manager shall be the responsible for the overall implementation of the company safety & quality plan and ensure efficient execution of work in accordance with project specification and this procedure. Inspection Engineer Welding Engineer. Welding Inspector % 3. Reference ASME Sec. IX (Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications) Welding And NDE Requirements for Austenitic Stainless-Steel Equipment. Client Specification. AWS A5.32 : Specification for welding shielding gases. AWSD 10.4: Recommended practices for welding austenitic chromium-nickel stainless. AWSD 10.11 : Recommended practices for root pass welding of pipe without backing. Y vv VvVVvVV> An inert backing gas shall be used for GTAW or GMAW root passes on single-sided groove welds for materials of ASME P-No. 5 and higher. > For P-No. S and higher materials, any back purging shall be maintained until at least 10 mm of the weld deposit thickness has been completed > The use of nitrogen as a backing gas for austenitic stainless steels is prohibited. > Purging gas shall conform to AWS AS.32 specification for welding shielding gases. Purging gas and flow rate shall be as per approved WPS. Gas purity, moisture , and dew point gas shall be as per the AWS 5.32. Back purging oxygen level shall be as per the below table. > It is two stages operation, involving pre-purge and purging during welding. Vv ‘The pre-purge displaces air inside a pipe with inert gases. The purging during welding maintains the low oxygen content achieved by the pre-purge and prevents air ingress into the system.vv jingle-welded, open root, full penetration groove welds shalll have inert gas backing for a minimum of the first root passes. When the base metal is 6mm (% inch) or less and the back side of the metal is not accessible for cleaning, a back purge shall be maintained throughout the welding of socket, seal or any attachment welds. Pre-Purge: The purge gas, Argon shall be fed through a hole in the localized purge dams, and escapes through a bleed at one end of the pipe system. With argon purge gas, which is denser than air, the purge gas inlet to be at a lower level than the bleed hole. Gas Type: The type of purge gas shall be selected as per approved WPS ‘An oxygen analyzer shall be used to determine the oxygen content inside the pipe during purging. Hf more than 20 joints are to be welded at the same time then minimum of 10% of the total joints shall be analyzed. Out of 10% joints to be analyzed, two joints shall be at the extremes and one in the middle. The below formula is used to achieve the required purging time PT = (V/PGFR) X4 Where PT=Purging time, hr V= volume of pipe section to be purged, PGFR = purging gas flow rate, /hr 6 shall be used instead of 4 in equation for welding special corrosion-resistance materials as per specificationVv Vv v Soluble paper and purge foam/Sponge shall be used as purge dams in all accessible pipes in both fabrication and erection. If purge dams are to be used but cannot be retrieved after welding, then the proprietary dissolvable (water soluble) dams shall be used. In addition, water soluble low chloride glues (Elmer s glue) or proprietary water soluble adhesive tape shall be applied to purge dams. ‘Masking tape shall not be used for holding water soluble purge dams. Purge dams shall be located far enough from the joint to prevent burning, melting, or other damages to dams from heat of welding usually 150-300mm. whenever preheating is used, this distance shall be increased to keep the metal temperature at dam no higher than 150°C. Masking tape used for masking the joint from outside shall be heat resistant (e.g. Self-Adhesive Aluminum Tape) and free of lead and chloride. Purging dams shall be slightly bigger diameter than the pipe inside diameter and placed at ends of pipe string for small loops. Purging requires entrance and exit opening through which the purging gas can enter and leave the weld joint area controlled rate. Precaution shall be taken to ensure that all leaks path are blocked and that branch pipes and other areas where air may be entrapped are well vented.vv v Vv vv Precaution shall be taken to prevent the purging gas from escaping through the root openi This is done by wrapping a single layer of masking tape around the outside of the joint. ig at the weld groove itself. The tape shall not touch the groove face, and it shall not leave any residue after removal. Install purge dams, string and purging gas hose as shown in below figure-1. Purging gas shall be introduced slowly to the bottom of chamber and it is vented at the top, purging time shall be as per the equation PT=(V/PGFR)X4, hr. Higher flow rate as per the approved WPS shall be maintained in order to displace the air in the pipe. This high flow rate shall be maintained until the gas inside the pipe reaches an acceptable low oxygen level as per the Table-1. Purge gas flow rate shall be reduced as per the approved WPS so that the purge maintains slight positive pressure on the inside of the pipe. ‘A visual inspection windows shall be left open for inspection to verify acceptable root pass condition. Purging gas flow rate shall be reduced as the root is closed to prevent blowout of weld metal Purging dam verification shall be done during the -up and weld visual inspection. Purging dam shall be removed after the welding with help of string attached to purging dam as shown in figure-1. Water soluble purging dam shall not be used on pneumatic test medium piping Installation and removal of purging dam shall be recorded on Purge Dam Removal Log Sheet> Purging Times: The purge times for the backing gas shall be calculated to give a theoretical volume change of 6 times the enclosed pipe volume. Table 1 is shown for information and can be used for the standard condition as listed in the table. Extra purging time is necessary if the purge gas inlet and outlet (vent) cannot be placed at opposite ends of the enclosed volume in order to ensure complete displacement of the original air. Purge Gas Flow Rate: Purge gas flow rate shall be maintained before and during welding as per approved WPS Table 1 Backing Gas Purge Times for Stainless Steel Pipe Nominal Pipe Purge Time Size (minimum) 2 inch NS 0.5 minutes 4 2 minutes 6 4 minutes 8 7 minutes 10 10 minutes 12 15 minutes 16 25 minutes Sr. | Material Oxygen Level no (%) 1 | Low Alloy Steel Below 1% 2 | Stainless Steel Alloys Below 0.05 % 3. | Nickel Alloys Below 0.05 %> Purging During Welding: When the atmosphere within the pipe has reached the required quality level, the gas flow should be reduced to maintain only slight positive pressure. > An excessive flow rate will cause internal pressure in the pipe system, which may result in a concave root weld bead profile and possible weld blow out on completion of the joint. > Atypical purge gas flow rate during TIG root welding of 150mm internal diameter 7-9 Liter/ min. > Welding foreman shall prepare Purge Dam Removal Log Sheet’ and welding inspector shall check and document the Log. > Attachment 1: Purge Dam Removal Log SheetASME BPVC.I.C-2021 SFA-5.32/SFA-5.32M TABLE 1 GAS TYPE, PURITY, AND DEW POINT REQUIREMENTS FOR SHIELDING GAS COMPONENTS Dew Point Maximum Maxienurn Moisture at 1 aws Product Minimum Moisture,“?_-_Atmosphere__ Gas Classification State Purity, % pm °F 4 CGA Class Gas 99.997 10.5 -% =o Typet __G-11.1 Grade ¢ ‘Argon SGA Liquid 99.997 20.5 6 =60 Type G-li.t Grade C Gas, 99.8 32 60 = 6-6.2 Grade H Carbon Dioxide sec Liquid 99.8 2 60) = 6-6.2 Grade H Gas, 99.995 35 = 37 Type | 6-9.1 Grade L Helium SG-He Liquid 994995" 35 = =37 Type H__G-9.2 Grade L Gas 99.95 32 =60 =51 Type! 6-5-3 Grade B Hydrogen SGH — Liquid 99.9959 32 60 =51 Type Hl G-5.3 Grade A Gas) 99.9 22 =60 =31 Type! G-10.1 Grade F Nitrogen SG-N Liquid 99.998 4 =90 68) Type Hl G-10.1 Grade L Gas 99.5 Not Applicable —54 48 Type! _G-4.3 Grade 8 Oxygen 86-0 Liquid 99.5 ‘Not Applicable =82 63 Type G-4.3 Grade B Notes: (2) Moisture specifications are guaranteed at full cylinder pressure, at which the cylinder is analyzed (2) Including neon. (3) Including helium,ee ore | aE 1 Z y Lie ee F e ¥ L 5Ng varTHANK YOU