SEMINAR ON LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES SUBMITTED TO. Mrs. MANKUMARI MISTRY, VICE-PRINCIPAL, DYPCONGENERAL OBJECTIVES: ‘On the completion of the seminar the students will leam about ethical and social issues, legal system in nursing, patient and employment issu wedico legal cases, rights of patient and special group and standard safety measures for infection control in hospital and able to apply it during nursing care process and ensure provision of quality nursing care at the hospital settings, SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES ‘The students will be able to; > Describe eade of ethics, professional conduct, and legal system, ethical and legal issues in nursing, Ider a various patient care, employment and administrative level issues, Discuss in de oe about patient right, consumer protection act and rights of special group, v Explain nursing regulatory mechanism and medico legal case. Discuss the process infection control and standard safety measures. eINTRODUCTION ‘The contribution of nursing to the alleviation of suffering and to protection and promotion and restoration of health is a proud chapter in the history. The image of any organization depends upon t employees to behave in an ethiea! way at the work place, ¢ behavior of people who constitute it, So, there is great ob! on the part of ‘This is equally applicable to the nurses who are working in different sectors of health care delivery system, The way nurses behave, reflect the image of that organization. Today the nurses face a varicty of ethical problems than ever before. MEANING ‘The word Ethics is derived from Greek word “Ethos” which means customs or guiding beliefs (character). DE! NS. It can be viewed as a generic term for several ways of examining the morale of life. -BEAUCHAMP TL Ethics is the study of good conduct, character and motives, -POTTERETHICAL PRINCIPLES Beauchamp and Childress (2009) developed four Ethiea! Principles 1, Respect for Autonomy 2. Beneficence 3. Nonmaleficence 4, Justice 1, RESPECT FOR AUTONOMY ¥ Autonomy can be defined as." self-rule with no control, undue influence or interference from other” (Griffith and Tengnah, 2010:29), Y [tis about respecting other people’s wishes and supporting them in their decisions (Beauchamp and Childress, 2009), 2, BENEFICENCE This can be defined as “the principle of doing well and providing care to others” (Berglund, 2007:12). ¥ Promotion of well-being (Edwards, 2009), % Asemployees are we properly trained and competent to carry out the tasks we are providing to our children/families/clients/customers. 3. NON-MALEFICENCE. Y “Obligation not to inflict harm on others" (Beauchamp and Childress, 2009:149). ¥ Goes hand in hand with benefieence. However, do we sometimes cause short term harm for long term good 4. JUSTICE Simply defined as “equal treatment of equal cases” (Hendrick. 2004:7), Y Treating everyone the same, Y However, some people nced to be treated differently if'they require special care over and above what other people may need.Justice is about meeting everyone’s individual needs fairly. Rowson (2006) Ethical Framework F.A.LR, 1. Fairness 2, Respect for Autonomy 3. Integrity 4, Seeking the most beneficial and least harmful consequences, or Results, IRNESS © Linked to the a of justice. Providing benefits- Social welfare, education, healtheare, protection, opportunities © Distributing burdens- Exclusions of benefits, allocation of responsibil 2. RESPECT FOR AUTONOMYPROFESSIONAL SHOULD ‘+ Not prevent people from carrying out decisions they make for themselves about: - What they ought to do- What they will do- What should be dane to them What should be done with information about them © Enable others to make autonomous decisions, 3. INTEGRITY ‘© Acting with professional integrity means that one’s actions are the same as your professional values. For example, maintaining confidentiality, working in some one's best interests. Simply put, itis when what you do matches what you believe. * Secking the most beneficial and least harmful consequences, or Results Two Aims. Producing as many benefits as possible. * Avoiding causing, or preventing, as much harm as possible, * Two more concepts which are not linked to either ethical framework, but which are important are the ideas of veraeity & fidelity 4. VERACITY * Itiseoncemed with being open, honest and truthful with people (Berglund, 2007)© It isalso the accurate transfer of information in.a way that is suitable for the individual to understand (Edwards, 2009). ‘+ “This isnot always an easy principle to maintain when you are asked difficult questions, or your answer may be distressing” 5. FIDELITY Fidelity is about = Being Faithful sm keeping promises m always doing what is right wm being trust worthy = Confidential 18 Showing respect and dignity 1 respecting autonomy sm Acting in their bes