EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 641, NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM. October 1994 ICS 23,040.30; 23,080.50 Cescriotors: Water pipelines, pressure pines, potable water, water pipes, concrete tubes, reinforced concrete, armatures, metal plates, specifications. computation, equipment specifications, dimensions, tests Eclish version Reinforced conerete pressure pipes, cylinder type, including joints and fittings Tuyaux pression en béton anni 3 Are en thle, StahIbetendruckrohra mit —_Blechnante? Joints ex pideus spectales Compr is Sinech| tell ieh Rohrvorbiecungen und Formstucke This Eurosoan Standard vas approved by CEN on 1996-10-26. CEN menbars are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations unich stipulate tho canttsone for gfvieg this Furupean Standard hw stata of « astonal standard without any alteration, Up-to-date Tiets and bibliographical refocances concerning such national standards nay be obtained on app Tyeation to tthe Contra) Secretariat ort any CEN nenber. Tho European Standards exist 1n thre official versions (Eng]ish, French, German). A version ta any other language fade by ‘cranslstion ueder the’ reeponerbility of 2 GEN somber lato tts ‘ow language and notified to tho Contra! Socratarsat has tha cane status ae the official versions. GEN morbers are the national standards bodies of Augtria, Belgium, Oermark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ieel4m, Troland, Tealy, Lunenbourg, Nother lanes, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Conmittoe for Standardization ‘Garité Foropten de Wornaltsatton Eurepatsches Kaattes flr Normans contrat Secretar: ve da Stassart.36 £-1050 Brussels © Fede Copyright mecanvad 45 CE neibets cuss aponeenenePage EN 6 2 weveLe 2 4121994 CONTENTS LIST Foreword Intraductton Scope Materials Design and {abrication of pipe General recuirements General Wall thickness Design ot pipe Reintorced concrete steel cyincer type, not oretensianea 2.2 Reinforces cancrete nse. steel cylinger type. pretensionea 3.3 Reinforcement 3.3.1 Cwcumferenital reintorce ment 3.3.2 Longitudinal reinforcement 2.3.9. Positioning are! cover :¢ st221 3.4 Concrete and monar 341 Mix design 3.4.2 Concrete sirengt 4 Factory testing. 41 Concrete test 42 Pipe test Annexes: Annex A (Intormative) » Typical Design Procedure excluaing pretensionen ype pipe Annex B (Informative) Typical Design Procedure tor pretensioned type pipePage 3 EN 641;1994 FOREWORD Concrete pipes NOR, “hig Eurooean Standard tor concrete owes ss a slanoard which was prepared by WG § tne Tecanical Commitee CEN/TC 164 “Vater Sucaty’, Secretanat of which 15 neid by AFI Dunng preparation of this stancara the provisional results already available of CEN/TG 164/WG 1 “Genera! feauirements tor external systems ana components” sng ol CEN/TC 164/185/JWG 1 “Structural cos were considered, This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by Publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 1995, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 1995. In accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg. Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.page 4 EN 641:1994 o INTRODUCTION The procuct’ im permanent or temporary comact with wales. intended for human consumation, snail no! adversly atlect the quality of ine annking water aNd shall not contraveene the C= Ouectives and EFTA Regulations on ihe quality of crnking water This stancard 15 10 De used together with Ine Common Requirements Starcara {EN 639) When tne relevant EN eating with general requirements, such as “General ‘equiements lor external systems and components" (CEN/TC 164'WG 1}, “Matenals in ceniact wan water (CENITS 164/WS 3) and “Structural eesign” (CEN/TC 164/165/JWG1) are ago220, tne current stanaares snall be rewsed, where appropnate. in ofder to ensure that these requirements comply with inese rejevant EN's To ne present standard are attacnea sical design Et + Annex A (intormatives Procecure exciuaina pretens.ones ty + Annex B (:ntormative) Typical aesign Procesure for pretensionac type oipe a SCOPE This European Standaro specines tne fequirements ang manutaciure of reintorcea concrele oressure pipe cylinder type, Inat 15 nol prestressed. in sizes from ONAD 250 to DN/D 4000 inctusive. Pretensiones concretz cylinaer Dige. in which the reinforcement is wrapped under low tension. cirectly on to the steel cyinaer Is coverea dy Inis standard ana is no! rormally manulacturec .0 sizes apove OND 1400 Larger sizes can 0@ manutactured based on tne concep of this stancara, These lypes of pine are designed for ine iniernal Dressure. external loads ana beading conaiions, Gesignated ey the purchaser Tnese types of Pipes are also suitable tor non orassure load beanng apsiications Should be consigered as any product used {or the conveyanc? ano disinbution at water intanoed tor human consumption. 2 MATERIALS HMatenals are specilied in clause 5 of EN 63% iCommon Requirements). An aaaitionai feourement 1s specitied as lollows The maximum size of the aggregate snali not @xsaed one Inird of the concrete wail thickness, on emner sige ol the steel cyinger 3 OESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PIPE 3.1 General requirements 241 General The pipe snail nave tne following principal tealures A welded steel cylinger with steel joint tings welded to each enc + A reintorcing cage or cages, in ine form 0! continuous helix of steel wire weisec on 10 fonguucinal bars, concentnc steel noops welded on to longitudinal bars, or weiaed siee! apne. + The cage can also 02 in ihe form of a steel 100 wranped cirectly on to Ine sige! cyinaer of on 10 2 fist concrete layer covering the steel cylinder + A wall ot dense concrete covering tne size! cylinder ang reintorcing cage or cages boin inside and outside. 3 joint So designed that a will be wateright unger all conditions 0! service. auiner using an slastomenc seaing ring or win tne steel) ena ings welded together on site 312 Walltrickness Table 1 shows the minimum design tnickness of pipe wall ang the minimum design thickness of Concrele lining lor each type of pipe Actual design loading conditions may require an increase in wall thickness. AL the spigot section of the aipe. ine snace of the steel end ring may require the inickness of the nung to be less than tnat specitied in Table 1 The inernal diameter shall be maintained watnin tne lolerance specilied by the Common Recuirements.Table 1 : Minimum design thickness lmin Minimun design thickness of the concrete ENING limias including the thickness of the cylinder Sania tern mn pretensioned onto cyinger pipe emmy | (erm) (oven) 250 18 50 40 300 15 50 40 400 15 50 40 500 20 55 45 600 20 60 45 700 20 65 45 800 20 70 45 990 20 75 45 1000 | 20 80 25 r100 | 25 85 50 1200 | 25 95 50 1250 | 25 100 50 s400 | 25 110 50 1500 | 25 115 1600 | 25 125 is00 | 30 140 2000 | 40 185 2100 | 40 165 2200 | 40 170 2400 | 45 188 2500 | 45 198 i 2600 | 4s 200 2200 45 215 | 3000 | 4s 220 : 3200 | 45 230 i 3500 | $0 250 000 | 35 290 Design of pipe 21 Reinlorced concrete pipe, sieo! eytine: ype, not pretensioned The reinforcement of the pipe shall consist of 2 welded steal cylinder surrounded by one or more, cages fabncated trom concentne steel wize hoops, welded siee! fabnc oF helically wound stee! wise properly spaced anc supported with longitudinal feintorcing or directly wrapped on 10 a firs! concrete layer covenng the cylinder The cages can be either circular or eliptical, in Pipes designed lor a maximum design pressure ol more than 200 KPa, Ihe cage shall be circular when the feinlorcement consists of one cage . Bage 5 EN 641:1994 ‘only, and the external cage shall be circular when the reinforcement consists of 2 cages or more. The minimum thickness of the steel cylinder shat) be 1,9 mm. The maximum centreline spacing af ciroumtereniials shall be 100 mm The pipes shall be designed to resist the flexural and hoop siresses, resulting trom each ol the following conditions. + a.combination af maximum design pressure and dead loads + @ combination of design pressure, dead loads and ive loads, Under these given conditions, the iensile stresses, of ihe stee! calculated as indicated in the typical design procedure shown in Informative Annex A shall not be greater than two thirds of the yield sivength of the steel 3.2.2 Reintorced concrete pipe, steel cylinder type. pretensioned The reinforcement of the pipe shall consis; of a welded steel cylinder on which a steel wire is cirectly wrapped under low tension he pipe steel content and disposition shall be such that the pipe shall withstand the hycrosianc pressure in both service and transient conditions ihe thickness of the steel cylinder, plus ine size 2ag pitch of the helixes shall be such that ine stress in stael shall not exceed : + half of the yield strength of steel when the p) is subjecied to the design pressure + two thirds of the yield strength of steel wren the pipe is subjected to the maximum desig pressure, The yield strength considered shall be the lowe? value ol the steel cylinder and the spirals, The increase of the diameter of the pipe at the spanglie due to extemal loads is calculated ang checked in companson with a maximum allowable value dx =9.8 10% D2-2,2 1053p, Where 0, and A x are given in mm, 0} being Ine design inte:nal diameter of the pipePage 6 EN 641:1994 Inlormative Annex B gives a typical design Procedure for calculating stresses under pressure and deformations of pipe when subjected to external loading 3.9 Reinforcement 3.3.1 Crreumlereniial ceintorcement The circumiereniial reintorcemen| shall consist of steel wire hoops with joints bull or lap welded sleel wire formed in a continuous helix wilh joints butt or lap welded or welded fabnc shaped and lap welded. To ensure quality of joints repieseniative specimens shall be tensile tested dunng which the strength of the weld shall exces ine strength of the parent stee! The clear space between circumferemial wires. shall be not less than 1,25 times the maximum size ot the coarse aggregate or 12 mm, whichever 1s 2 greater For pretensioned concrete pressure pipe the circumferential reintorcement shall consist of a Steel wire directly wound on to the steel cylinder The wrapping tension shall be no! less than SOMPa, and not greater than 70 MPa. The lensile sires shall be checked during ihe winging operation. For the pretensioned pipe, a cement slurry snail be projected on to the steel cylinger prior to wrapping of the steel rod reinforcement. This slurry shail consist of 1,2 kg of cement to 1 lire a! water, and shail be applied at a rate of not less than 1 lire per 2 square mewes 3.3.2 Longitudinal reinforcement ‘The circumferential reinforcement in cages shall be accurately spaced and ngidly assembied by means of longitudinal bars of wires securely atlached so tha! the cage is maintained in proper shape and position dunng Ihe casting of the pipe Reinforcement cages lormed by sige! wire wrapped directly on lo the steel cylinder oon to a concrete layer external 16 the cylinder do nol require longitudinal bars, 33.3 Positanning and caver :> steet Reinforcement cages may be cucular, ellipheal or a combination of both The minimum cover to steel shall be one times the maximum size of aggregate or 15 mm for pipe less than 800 OND + 20 mm for pipe equal to or greater than 803 DNUIO whichever is the greater 3.4 Concrete and mortar 341 Mix aesign The minimum cement conient shail be 300 kg per ubic metre of concrete or mortar The water cement ratio of the concrete or mon: shall be suitable for tne method of placement anc shall nol exceed 0.45 after compaction For pipes below 1000 ON/ID, a water cement ratio Of 0.5 Is allowed provided the minimum cement content is 388 kg per cube metre ot concrete 942 Conerete strength The minimum 26-day compressive strength of the conerete shall be 35 MPa (see 4.1) 4 FACTORY TESTING Factory testing ts specilied in subciause 5.3 of EN 639 (Common Requirements) additional requirements ate specities 2s follows 4.1 Concrete test A minimum quantly of three cylinders or cubes per week of manutaciure and per mux type of concrete shall be tested for the 28 aay compressive strengin (see 3.4.2) 4.2 Pipe test ‘One in 250 pipes shall be subjected to an intems hycrostatic test. Snould a pipe tal the 12st. then 2 lunner two prpes trom the same patch 0} 250 shal be ested. I! both pipes pass then the baich shat’ be accepled. Ione or both pipes tail then the batch shall be reyrcted or each pipe in the baich shall be tested for individual approval The fished pipe shall be subjected to a pressure test al + Maximum Design Pressure + 200 kPa or + limes the Mayimum Design Pressure whichever is the greater, for ON 1D less or equa to 1200,Maximum Design Pressure + 100 kPa or 1.2 times the Maximum Design Pressure. whicheveris the greater, tor DN/ID above 1200. The pipe is restrained within a hydrostatic test ng and pressure tested for a period of 5 minutes. During the test the pipe shall be absolutely watertight and show no leaks, weeping or detects considered detrimental to the pipe's pertormance. No crack in the extemal surtace shall be wider than 0,5 mm on a length exceeding 300 mm in accordance with 6.4.11 of EN 639 Page 7 EN 641:1994Page 8 EN 641:1994 ANNEX A (INFORMATIVE) TYPICAL DESIGN PROCEDURE EXCLUDING PRETENSIONED TYPE PIPE A.l GENERAL The lollowing guidelines for structural analysis Show a lypical metnod tor the design ol reinlorced concrete cylinder pipe. These guidelines apply to all general cases, The pipe should be designed for the conditions given in 3.2.1 s9 that the tensile stress in the steel Goes not exceed the allowable stress as speciiied moet A.2 NOTATION 0 pipe internal diameter t Pipe wall thickness Ise steel cylinder Inickness Ase GfOSs Sectional area of steel cylinger per unit length As cross sectional area of spirals per unit length As: total cross sectional area of steel per unit tengtn gs Clastic modulus o! steet Ee elastic modulus o concrete My bending moment per unit lengin in a longitudinal secuan ot ine pipe Ny normal force per unit length creared in the longitudinal secuon 2° ine pipe by the Internal pressure Mg longitudinal bencing moment ot a span. pipe No longitudinal force due to pipe end foaging by the internal pressure tse tensite sess in steel cylinaer ‘sco! yield strength 2 ine steel cylinder , tensile strass in the spirals te Compressive strass in concrete fm pipe mean radius, Ay fea O1 steel in tension, per unit lengin Ag area o! steel in compression, per unit length Ys Gistance Delween the steel in tension and the exireme concrete lore in compression y lever arm A.3 LOADS AND FORCES O2ad and lve loads, coetlcients for cross-sectional bending moments and thrust calculations, on Beading angie should be determines" accordance with appropriate national standaros transposing EN as available, or in the absence cs Such standards, with the appropnate reguistiong ot fecognised and accepted methods at the place where the pipeline is installed (Normal lorces age to external loads are normally negiecied) Conventions * postive moment : a moment whicn gives tension in the inside fibre of the pipe wal Aegalive moment : a moment which gwes tension in ihe outside fibre of ine pipe wall A noimal force should be considered as a negative fone when tI induces compression in the pipe wall and positive when 11 mauces tension A.4 CALCULATION OF STRESSES Stresses are calculated in ine sections where respectively the maximum positive and negalive bending moments occur Each section operates uncer compound bending (pending moment + normal force). The normal Jerce being mainly a positive force due to internal pressure. il is aavisable to use the principle of summation -y acding the pressure stresses to he curcula: bending stresses. A.4.1 Hoop stresses aue to internal pressure (P) tee MEL PO oP Ass Past A.4.2 Circular stress in steel due to bengirg moment The calculation of stress is mage in two cillevent ways depending on whether the reinlorcement is, + [ow yield strengih plain ware (normally 275 May + high yield strength indented witesinormatly 400 0° 500 MP ay The calculation of stresses for each section 1s mage in accordance with current practice of reir'orced conerate design. on ine basis ot thefollowing diagram, where the tensile strength of Page 9 EN 641:1994 the concrete is neglected compressed Figure At Figure A2a Pipe with one circular cage 1+ Steel cylinder 2 = Intemai circular reinforcing cage 3 = External circular reinforcing cage Figure A.2b Pipe with nwo circular cages area L = Bending stress diagram De Figure A2c Pipe with one elliptical cage with oF without circular cage = Invert section S = Springiine section 4 = Elliptical reintorcing cage Figure A.2 : Typical arrangemenis o! pipe remtorcement + The section where maximum positive bending moment occurs is normally the invert where the lensioned steel Is the steel cylinder (seo Figure A.2a), of @ combination o! sieel cylinder and helixes (See Figures A.2b and A.2c) + The section where maximum negative moment occurs is normally ne springline where ine tensioned steel is the external cage of nelixes oF a combination of the intemal elliptical cage and the external cage A421 low yield svengtn stee| ‘The tensile stress in Ine tensioned steal (steet cylinder or helixes, or combination of vain) 15. calculated using the formula A422 High yield strength steet + In the seclion where the maximum negate benging moment occurs (normally spnngtine)page 10 EN 641:1994 the tensile stress in the tensioned stect (normaliy ihe hetixes of Ine external cage) 1s calculated as in 4.2.1 + In the section where the maximum positive bending moment occurs (normally the inven), the calculation 1s made as in A4.2.1 when ne feinforcement consisis o! one circular cage only, when the reinforcement is as shown in Figure A2b and A.2c, the design model used for calculation takes into accoun! the redisinbution o! Suesses between jhe steel cyknaer and the Nelixes once the yield strength o! the steel cylinder facq |S Teached, in an Ltumate state approach An equivalent model ol this stress redistribution is USeC 10 calculate serviceability state, where the allowable tensile stresses in ine sieal are imited 10 . 880 thirds 01 the yield strength The lensile force in sige! cue to bending is Gssinbuled between the cylinger and me nelies, Proportionally to ihe steel secon, up to a total (ending + pressure) stress ot Bsc, , and only in the Nelixes lor ihe part of this tensile force which aves ota seesses higher nan The calculation is made as follows My 2A + eaulate fa yy = 7 {similar io A 4.2.1) + testa laps? tee slay 15 ne tensile bending stress in steel cyinder and in ihe helizes o! the internal cage 2 + Wla>$ logy the bending sire: in the cylinder and in the Relies are consiaercd sepatalely the bending stress in ne cyinder s 2 ', lap the bending stress in ine helixes is Calculated considering the total tensile lorce due to bending taken by the cyinder anc the nehees 15 a lay (Ace = Ay) the force taken by tne cyinaer is F. sethyse Asc = |B taeg fap | Ass the force to be taken by the nelixes is tneretore Fen Fecm tay (Asc +As)~ iF tecg: fap] Ase The bending stress in the helices 1s tee FE A44 Total circular stresses in longitudinal sections of tne pipe lan heprley 4.4.4 Longitudinal stresses in pipe cross section When the pipeline is end-loaded, a longitudinal siress occurs in the cylinder ; 1115 equal to No PD, fos = 7 Ditse A.S CALCULATION OF STRESSES IN SPAN-PIPES A.5.1 Circular stresses They are calculated using the same formula a3 detalles in A.4 when appked to bending moments anc forces calculated on the basis of Annex 8 of EN 639 (Common Requirements) A.5.2 Longitudinal stresses The bending moment induces longitudinal stresses which are disidbuied in tne cross section as shown in Figure A.3 Figure AJ Sires crsiabunon+ Non end-laded pipeline : ‘The position of the neutral axis is defined by angle cx such as Wan G0) (1+ tge) = 0 Mtoe The tensile stress in the cyfnder is given by = i M2(1+cosajn (t-te) tm? tana sin? a No = 2k t t@oosc mna-(1-a) (tama 0) 20, 2 (sina-acosa)+a-sina cosa as toc = 1K fm (1 +0080) k and ot being computed by solving the equations © and ©. Teg 2 Te (sina -a cos a)+a «sina cosa -na(t-*82cos a) Page 11 EN 641:1994 End-loaded pipeline : The cross section of pipe is subjected 10 compound bending, under ine moment Mo and tne normal tensile siress Np. ‘The position of the neutral axis is deine by the angle a. \ Mp with a=—#* and apage 12 EN 641:1994 ANNEX B (INFORMATIVE) TYPICAL DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR PRETENSIONED TYPE PIPE B.1 GENERAL The following guidelines for structurat analysis show a typical method for the design ol pretensioned type pipe The pipes should be designed tor he conditions given in 3.2.2 50 that the tensile stress in the stew! does no! exceed the allowable stress as specilied ina.22 The deflection of the pipe due jo extemal loads Is checked against a maximum allowable value as specilied in 3.2.2. ‘The attention of the designer is drawn to the tact that the pipe becomes relatively less naid for larger diameters. It is !hus more dependent an support from lateral earth restraint (passive pressure) in resisting e sternal loags. B.2 NOTATION Same as in Informative Annex A 8.3. CALCULATION OF DEFOR- MATION UNDER LOAD Dead and live leads and bedding angles shall be oetermined in accordance with appropnate national stangaras transposing EN as available, or in the absence of such standards, with Ine appropriate regulations or recognised and accepted methoas at the place where the pipeline is installed The design is based upon an empirical formula determined trom research and experimentation The increase o! diameter at the springine o! pipe is calculated by using, for example. Ine Spangler formuta OD} ky Qy tm? Ars 5,0 0618 Where Ax = increase ol diameter at the spangine 0}: deflection tag tactor (= 1 tor pressure pipes) ky bedding coetlicient (see table Delow| Qy: venical load on pipe Ei: flexural ngidity of pipe wall (computed wait siitiness) E> modulus of soil reaction B- bedding angle Table 8.1. Table of ky values Bree * 0 6.110 16 0.108 22.5 0,105 30 0.102 45 0.036 60 0,090 75 0.085 390 0,083 The computed wall stiffness should be one fourth of the value cerived trom the composite wall section of pipe, with + Ec conerete modulus of elastici + Eq steel modulus of elasticit 28 000 MPs, 0 0000 MPa 8.4 CALCULATION OF STRESSES IN STEEL DUE TO HYOROSTATIC PRESSURE (P) The stress in steel ta ts calculated as follows