SECTION C

6. What are the types of Information Systems? Give an example of each

INFORMATION SYSTEM: An information system is a collection of several data types that guarantees
the accomplishment of a business goal. Information systems are not the sole representation of the IT
sector.

Types of Information System

1. TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM: A computerized system known as a "transaction

processing system" (TPS) is used to carry out and record the everyday administrative
tasks required for running a business, such as entering sales orders, booking hotels,
processing payroll, maintaining employee records, and shipping. At this level, systems
primarily serve the functions of tracking transaction flow through the organization and
providing routine answers to questions and with good accuracy. How many parts are
currently on hand? Where did Mr. Will's payment go? The information must typically be
readily accessible, current, and accurate to answer these types of questions.

2. Management information system: MIS is the process of recording, storing, and

processing data to provide information that decision-makers may use to make daily
decisions. It involves the use of information technology, people, and business processes.
Management Information Systems is the full name of the acronym MIS. The goal of MIS
is to gather data from many sources and generate insights that promote company
expansion. Now coming to who uses and how they use it.
 It helps the clerical staff with transaction processing and responds to questions
about transaction-related data, the status of a specific record, and references to
other documents.
 It assists the junior management staff in making decisions at the operational
level to regulate an out-of-control situation by providing operational data for
planning, scheduling, and control.
 It helps middle management create short-term goals, control business
operations, and prepare for the future. It is backed up by the application of
planning and control as management techniques.
 And also it aids in the development of corporate plans, their implementation,
and goal setting for top-level management
3. DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM(DSS): A decision support system (DSS) is computer
software that an organization or corporation uses to support decisions, judgments, and
courses of action. A DSS sorts and examines enormous amounts of data, amassing
thorough knowledge that may be applied to problem-solving and decision-making.
A DSS typically uses data on target or predicted revenue, sales numbers or historical
sales data from various time periods, and other inventory or operations-related
information. Example- Decision support systems are employed by many different
industries, including agriculture and medicine. A medical professional may employ a
computerized decision support system for diagnostics and prescriptions to assist in
diagnosing a patient. A decision support system may help a doctor diagnose a patient by
combining clinical inputs and earlier electronic health information.
4. Executive Support / Information Systems (ESS/EIS) : Software called an Executive
Support System (ESS) enables users to convert corporate data into executive-level
 reports that can be easily accessed and used by departments like billing, accounting, and
staffing. Executive decision-making is improved by an ESS. The objectives odf ESS are
that the Senior managers want systems that concentrate on long-term trends and
strategic challenges, both within the company and in the external environment.
Since there is no established process for finding a solution, they deal with non-routine
judgments that call for discretion, analysis, and insight.
5. Knowledge Work Systems ( KWS): Knowledge work systems are basically the process set
in an organization to gather, create and maintain the information in the system. The
major infiormation system that supports knowledge management information systems
is the knowledge-based system, collaboration systems, group work systems etc.

7. Write down (any) 5 strategic business objectives of an organization

The strategic business objectives used in an organization are

 The firm can invest heavily in information to reach it’s business objectives like
they can use OPERATING EXCELLENCE just as Walmart uses to link it’s retail
management information system to get automatic replenishment.
 They can introduce new products, services, and business models – Revolution
in the telecom Industry.
 Customer and supplier intimacy and improved decision making
 Competitive advantage and doing something extraordinary to survive in the
market.
 Firms can grow interdependence between how their Ability to put to use
information technology
 Their ability to implement corporate strategies and achieve corporate goal

8. Give an example of unstructured decisions taken in organizations?

An information system called a decision support system (DSS) is designed to assist a
company in making a certain decision or collection of decisions. DSSs can occur at
many organizational decision-making echelons, from the CEO to first-level
supervisors. These systems are made to accept inputs related to a known (or
somewhat known) decision-making process and offer the data required to reach a
decision. Although some DSSs can be created to automate decision-making, they
often support a management-level individual in that process.
There are three types of decision-making – Unstructured, Structured Decision, and
Semi-Structured Decision.
Unstructured Decision- Unstructured decisions are when the decision maker must
provide judgment, evaluation, and insight to solve problems as many times some of the
decisions are made for the first time. Each of these decisions taken here is novel, important,
and nonroutine, and there is no well-understood or agreed-on procedure for making them.
Determining policies for new technology or handling a labor issue are two examples of
unstructured decisions. Generally, senior managers make some unstructured decisions like
when news, government reports, industry views, and high-level summaries of firm’s
performance.
9. What are the types of DSS?
There are six types of DSS, they are:
1. Personal Decision Support System: It’s a single decision process generally used for smaller
scale systems that have a single or very few no. of group members.
2. Business Intelligence: It’s a multiple management level system generally used for a larger
system that is based on data warehouses or any big data that requires display and analytical
thinking.
3. Group Support System: These are interactive computer-based information systems to solve
unstructured decision problems which are solved in a group itself.
4. Negotiationion Support System: It’s similar to GSS but its main is to negotiate or solve by
taking a decision in the conflicting group.
5. Intelligent Decision Support System: Here Artificial intelligence techniques are used to solve
a DSS.
6. Knowledge management-based support system: Here knowledge management techniques
like knowledge strategies, retrieval, transfer, and techniques are used to support a decision.

10. Give a business example (each) for the types of feasibility studies.
 OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY: How well the system can solve and identify this problem?
 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY: The transporters from Star Trek wouldn't be practical for an
organisation to install in their structure at this time.
 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY: It is generally used for functions as an impartial project evaluation
and strengthens project credibility, assisting decision-makers in determining the favourable
economic benefits that the proposed project will give for the organisation.

SECTION B

4. a) Key steps you will follow to re-engineer this problem.

 Defining the need for change.

 Forming a case management team.
 Choosing the process to reengineer
 Mapping the process & setting objectives
 Reengineering management.
B) Key business processes in the old system.
 Project Management.
 Human Resource Management.
 Accounting and Finances.
 Marketing and Sales
 Business Development

C) Key business processes in the proposed system

 Developing vision and strategy.
  Developing and managing products and services.
 Marketing and selling products and services.
 Delivering services.
 Managing customer service

SECTION A

1. Why did SSL appoint current deputy head of sales as CIO for a fixed period with a
promise of promotion?

The company's management has made the decision to aggressively grow the
firm. They intend to use their own storefronts and independent retailers to
expand their business through aggressive marketing throughout several
cities. In order to help their sales team all over India, they intend to establish
up an effective sales channel. The business also intends to publicise special
sales occasions during significant holidays. They propose establishing an
internet sales channel. The goal is to maintain profitability at 20% profit after
tax while increasing revenues by 20% annually.To boost output and
subsequently efficiency, the management of Spices and Sugar Limited (SSL)
plans to upgrade the production process through automation. The business
will do this in order to function. Because Ms ABC was involved in developing
strategy and high-level planning, the company selected her as CIO for a
period of three years as it was developing its expansion ambitions. She has
been given three years to build and install a new IT system for SSL after which
she will be elevated to COO of the business.

2.