p-SEWweGa- ERK I UNIT 5: TECHNOLOGY I O/ PART I. VOCABULARY New words (Tix méi) co aa ee ra 1. socal networking /seufl ‘netw3kiy/ mang xa héi 2. forward wv /fawed) iri chuyén tiép 3 update v_ | /ap dent cap nat 4. upload v_| Jap'leud/ dling thi 5. subscribe v_seb skratby dang ky 6 tech-sawy adj / tek ‘seovi/ thanh thao v8 céng nghé 7. face-to-face adj /fes to fers/ teu tip, mit Aéi mat 8. gadget n__ /ged3rt/ thiét bi 9. software n | /softwea(e)/ phan mém 10. handle v_| /heendl/ xiely 11. technical adj / teknikd thudck? thadt 2. password n /paswsd/ mat khaiu 13, sensor fn | feensote)/ 1b phan cdm ding, thiét bi cim dng 4. record v__ [tekod/ liu trie hd so, de hd 15. connect vw | fke'nake/ ketadi 16. monitor vy 'monrto(z)/ quan sat, theo 461 17. attach vv fe'teetf/ gan, néi, ghep 18. smastwatch n_| /sma:twoy/ déng hé théng minh 19. tablet n | ftebley may tinh bang 20. social media n_| /,sauil_midies mang xa hoi 21 interactive adj /anter kv) rong tic 22. browse y forauz/ lust (web) 23, addicted adj fe‘drktsd/ nghién 24, sensitive adj | /'sensotsv/ shay cm 25, obsessed adj _| /ab'ses/ mach 26. criticism: n | kutszem/ di phé binh, chi trich 27. impaired adj_|{tm'peed/ ‘6 suy yéis (thé chat/ thlin kin) 28, digital adj_| fdhdsny thudcky thuat 23. dedicated adj | decikerd/ van tuy, tan tim 30. obstacle an ['vbstakl/ chudng ngai vat 31. vibration n | war brerfny néng rung, 32. immense adj /'mens/ to lon 33, database nn destebers/ co 36 des lig34. schedule [fedjul/ lich teinh 5. curriculum fko'nikjalomn/ churong trinh hoc 36. waming a /worun/ canh béo 37. distracted adj [dr straektud/ phan tm 38. convert vy fkon've:t/ chuyén aéi 39. brainchild a /bremtfatldy y twéng phat minh 40. Braille a foreil/ hé théng ché néi 41. dictate v /dik'test/ doc chép chinh ta 22. _ persistence n__/pe'sistans/ su kién tri 43. strictness an /‘striktnes/ sunghiém khac 4. fury a /fjvari/ con thinh né 45. companion a [kom’peeajen/ ngudi ban ding hanh 46, inspiration a /anspe reyfn/ nguén cam hemg 47. mainstream school fn /,memstri:m skul/ trong dnh cho trem tinh thudng 48, register v__/red3ista(e)/ dang ky 49, access v__ (mkses/ truy cap 50. message vy /'mesrd3/ gui tin nbn 51. storage a /stonds/ eeu tree 52. second-hand adj __/sekend ‘hend/ ci, da qua ste dung 53. malware a [‘malweo(s)/ phn miém déchai 34. model vy /owdly mo phéng 55. fragile adj /‘freedsatl/ dave, dé hong 56. axtificial teitud hn tao intelligence a | /,a:tifyfl an’ telid zans/ 57. __ hotspot a [hotspot dim co thé ket noi Witt 58. visually adv | /‘vijueli/ lién quan t0i thi gide wearable adj / wearabl/ 6 the deo, mac, mang duoc 60. nightmare PART IL GRAMMAR 1. Quantifiers a | /nastmes(e)/ tinh hudng dang so, con ac méng Cach dang, MANY MUCH Dign dat y nghia “NHIEU" - MANY = a large number offa great many/ a majority of/ a wide variety off a wide range of - Diing vei danh tir dé dtsoc. MUCH = a great deal of/a large amount of. - Ding v6i danh tir khong dém duge. MANY + MUCH = A lot of/lots offplenty offa (large) quantity of (Ding vi cd dan tis ca déim duoc va khéng dém duoc). Dién dat “MOT it” nghia AFEW ALITTLE, - Ding voi dani tix déim duoc. ~ Ding voi danh tir khong dém duoc.Dién dat RAT iT” 7 “AU NHU KHONG/ nghia ry FEW LITTLE - Diing véi danh tis dém duoc. - Diing véi danh tie khong dé duoc. Dién dat “MOT VAI" y nghia B SOME ANY - Ding trong cau khang dinh va trong cau nghi van khi mang y moi/dé nghi, ~ Diing trong cat: phi dinh, nghi van va ding trong cdu khang dinh khi nd mang ¥ nghia 1a “bat. Dién dat ¥ nghiala“TAT ALL BOTH car - Ding dé chi tir ba ngwoi/vat (tat | - Ding dé chi ca hai ngudi/vat (ca hai), ca) tro len. Dién dat y nghia 1a NONE NEITHER/EITHER “KHONG” ~ Ding dé chi tir ba aguoi/vat tre |- Dang a€ chi ca hai ngubijvat du én du khéng. khéag. Trong dé: + Neither: diing trong cfu khing dink + Either: ding trong céu phat dinh. Dién dat ¥ nghia 1a MOST MOST OF “AU HET” most of + theltinh tirséhiu +N MOSTLY (che yt 18): cing ahue mét trang tie ALMOST (gin hu): ding nhur mét trang tir b8 tro cho déng ti, tinh tit, danh tit, Dién dat 1a EACH EVERY “MOUMOI” EACH/EVERY: diing voi danh tir dém dirac 58 it ~ Ding véi danh tir sé nhiéu Khi 6 36 Iesong cu thé Dign dat ¥ nghia 12 “CAT OTHER ANOTHER KHAC/NGUOIKHAC” ~ Other + danh tix Khéng én duoc. - Other + danh ti 56 ahiéu - Other + ones - Others duoc sit dung nhwr dai ti. Luu y: Phin biét “other” va “others”: = Theo sau “other” thudng [A mét dan tirhhoac dai te. - Mat khic “others”, ban than n6 18 mét dai ti va theo sau né khong 66 bat ki mot danh tt nio c& Sue khdc nhau gitta THE OTHER - THE OTHERS: Another + danh ti s6'it ~ Another + one ~ Another + s@ déim +danh té s6 nhiéu + Another duge si dung niu dai tirngudi,.. nhiéu ngudi, ~ The other: c4i con lai trong hai c4i, hofc ngudi cdn lai trong hai ~ The others: nhiing ci con lai hoc nhéing ngudi cin lai trong mt nhém cé shidu thie hod 2. MUST- HAVE TO + bare infinitive ‘MUST (phai) HAVE TO (phii) + Dién ta su can thiét, bat budc chat quan dén tir cim xiic, mong muén cia ngudi néi Students must pass an examination to study at this school. + Bao him 1 két udn duong nhién/ cach gidi thich duy hat hop ly theo ynghi cia ngwéi néi (han 1a) You have worked hard all day, you must be tired. + “mustn't” (héng disoc) didn ta sur cd doin You mustn't walk on the grass. + DS din tA thé phu dinh cua “must” (khong Gin), six dung “needn't” Must I doit aow? - No, you needa’ + Dién ta 1 ménh lénhy bat buéc khach quan do gi quy, ménh lénh, quy dinh, su théa higp. They have to leave earlier than usual. In Japan, guests have to leave their shoes at the doce. + “have to” Khéng thé thay thé “must” khi “must” mang nghia két luan duong ahién cach gidi thich duy hat hop ly theo ¥ nghi cia agidi adi He must be mad. (I personally thought that he was mad). + “have to” ding thay cho “must” trong nhéng hinh thee ma “must” Khéng 6 He shall have to hurcy if heis going to catch the 12 pmteain, 3. MODALS IN THE FAST Déng tis khiém khuyét: MODAL VERBS + HAVE + past participle : suv doin vé qua kha: MUST + HAVE + VP2: chi sy suy doin logic dyva trén nhting, hiGn trong co that & qua khr SHOULD + HAVE + VP2: chi mOt vi9c 6 ra 3 phai xdy ra trong ‘qué kht# nhurng vi ly do nao 46 lai khong xAy ra, CAN'T + HAVE + VP2: chi nhirng vic khong thé 3 xdy ra cn cl, co 565 rang. NEEDN'T + HAVE + VP2: chi ahiing vic If ra da khong cn thiét phi lam nhurng d& lam MAY/ MIGHT + HAVE + VP2: chi nh nhung khong chéc chan. COULD + HAVE + VP2: chi nhihng vide 16 d3 xy ra nhung tren thu t8 thi khéng wg viGe 66 thé da xay caWP // A.PHONETIC Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 1 A.protile B. hotspot C. icon D. comment 2 A tablet B. habit ©. attach D. forward 3. A.update B. curious C. upload D. much 4 A.document B. website ©. sensor D. persistence 5. A. composer B. convert C. connect D. century Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 1. A.comment B. forward . install D. programme 2. A profile B. gadget C. habit D. design 3. A.document B. camcorder . persistence D. scientist 4. A.ambassador B. philosopher C. curriculum D. politician 5. A jewellery B. sensitive . publisher D. inspication B. VULABULAKIES AND GKAMMAKS Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. Facebook is so boring! I'vejust__my profile, A.created B. adapted C. obsessed D. deactivated 2.HowcanI____ these photos to my blog? A.logon B. search C. upload Di write 3. I've forgotten my password, sol can’t___ to my email account. A.logon Bplay C post D. comment 4, The contact details are at the top of the webpage. You justneedto__to the top tosee them. A.scroll up B. browse C set up D. scroll down, 5, [can’t text him just now. I'm ___ live TV on my phone at the moment, A. downloading B, streaming C joining D. monitoring 6. You don’t need a keyboard. The__on this tablet is really easy to use. A plug B. software C lens D. touchscreen 7. If your mobile phone gets wet, theelectronic__ may need to be cleaned. A.companion B. circuit board C. selfie D. addition 8 Ifyou wanta close-up of the picture, it’s easy to___in. A. forward B. install zoom D. print 9, Thefile canbe opened by_-clicking on the icon. A. sensitive B tech C double D. addicted 10.Just___the photos that you don't want. A.convert B. vibrate C. grasp D. deleteIL It's Mai’s sixteenth bisthday next week. I'm seally excited the party. A. about B. for Cat D.up 12.1'm very proud__myy sister. She won the swimming gold medal, Avwith Bat Cup D.of 13, Tomis very keen____ football. He plays every Sunday. Ain B. from Con D. for 14. My little brother is afraid__the dark. He always leaves the light on at night. Af B. out Cfor D.on 15, Were you successful___ persuading him to change his mind? Aat B.to C. for Din 16. Alot of young girls are obsessed __their weigh, and they want to stay slim all the time. Avwith Bat Cup D.of 17. We hope to attract customers who are dissatisfied ___their present health insurance. A. for B. about C. with, D.at 18, Throughout her career, she remained very sensitive ___ criticism. Aat B.to C.for D. with 19. Weare quite pleased __our team’s progress. A. about Bat C. with, D.of 20.He'sexcited __his new job. A. for B about with Dat 21. On Saturday, Iwent for a meal with ___friends. Aafew B. a number of Comany D. much 22. He's very lazy and spends___time working. few B. littl Ca litt D.anumber of 23. Do you mind if lask you__ questions? A. few Bemuch Cafew D. anumber of 24, Ann can afford to buy anew phone because she’s earned _ money working in her uncle's shop. Acmuch Bulittle Calitte D. plenty of 25.__ of the film was good. ATew B.Much Most D. Most of 26,__ of the children liked the cake, A. Some Bevery C.None D. Few 27.__ page in the bookhad a picture on it. A. Each B. Both C. Every one D. Every 28.___ of us enjoyed the concert A Fach B.A C. Either D. Both 29,___ people left before the end of the play. A. Little B.Alitie CA tew D.A little of 30. This is a hospital. You _ smoke here. A. mustr't Bemust Can D. may 31, He had been working for more than IL hours. He___be tired now. A. musti’t B.has to Comust D.hadto 32, We___ wear a uniform, so Inormally wear sports clothes. A. didn't have to B. don't have to Cmust D. mustn't33, When I get home, I do my homework A.had to B. must Chas to D. have to 34. I’m not sure but I think it__the postman who knocked just then. Acmusthave been —_B. could have been . should have been D. may have been 35.Do you think1__Nick? A. musthave called B. should havecalled _C. can'thave called D. mightn't have called 36.1 think Tom ___ here. I think I saw his car. A.should have been _B. could have been C. musthave been D. might have been 37. Itsained every day during their stay, co thay___have had a nice holiday. Acan B.can't C. must D. should 38.1____ you earlier to talk about the project, but Iwas not home. A.should have called _B. might have called C, musthave called D. have to call 39.She___ the taxi to work today. I'm not sure. Acmayhavetaken 8, must have taken C. could have taken D. should have taken 40.She____ her phone at school. Or perhaps she left it on the bus. A. can’t have left B. might have left C. musthave left D. could have left Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers. 1. Imust / might have left your essay in the library. I'm so sorry. 2. He must/ can’t have phoned while we were out. There’s no record of a call. 3. It must / can’t have rained in the night. The road is wet. 4. We must / might have missed the turning, I'm not sure but I think we've gone too far along this road. . He must can’t have got the job. He hasn't got any experience. Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with must, might or can’t. shave finished the test yet. It’s only 3.00 pm. ‘have told Tom where she was go. Let’s ask him if she did. have have been shopping. The fridge is full. ‘have left already. His motorbike is still here. ‘have emailed the client this morning, but I’m not sure. have gone home without telling us. I've got their train tickets. Y'm not sure where Sue is. She have gone into town. You have seen that film, It hasn't been released yet. 9. There's no bread. Somebody 10. Isent Phong a text, but he not have received it Exercise 4: Use the clues to make sentences with must have, might have and can't have. Example: The thief/ might /enter / through the back door = The thief might have entered through the back door . He/can’ thhave/ a key have eaten it. . He/might/find/ an open window. 3, He/must/be/ very quick 4, The neighbours / can’t / see /him 5. The family /must/ go out6. He/might / escape / through the garden Fxercise &: Rewrite the sentences using must have, might have or can’t have. 1. Perhaps Nancy went to the doctor's. 2. T'm sure Susan missed the train. 3. Perhaps Nick fell off his bike. 4. I'm sure Mike gave out the invitations to his birthday party. 5. I'm sure Amy didn’t forget about the party. 6. Pethaps Tom went on holiday. 7.Ym sure Ann didn’t get lost. Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences using must have, could/might have or can't have. 1. It’s impossible that you saw a ghost. They don’ texist, 2. Irs possible that they got lost. They haven't got a map. 3.Oh, no! I forgot my keys. They aren’t in my bag. 4, It’s impossible that Phong lost his phone. He's just sent me a text message. 5, It's impossible that Mai went out. She's got flu. 6, It was definitely Nick's birthday yesterday. He had a big party and a cake. 7. It’s possible that we made a mistake. We've never done this before. Exercise 7: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 1. Tdontt think you should post that photo on your profile, Everyone can see it. A. download B. activate C.upload D. customize 2. You can signin to an account by providing ID and password. A. sign out B.login C. shut down D. stand by 3, just delate the file that you don’t want. A. keep B. store C. remove D. limit 4, What are you going to search for? ‘A. look into B. look after C. look for D. look at 5. What do you get fed up with? A. interested in B. bored with C. afraid of D. keenon 6. We hope to attract customers who are dissatisfied with their present health insurance. A. fascinate B. encourage C. delight D. ctiticize7. Danny first posted his selfie on Facebook when he was fifteen and soon became obsessed with reading his friends’ comments. A opinions B. xemazks C. information D. words 8, Many teenagers relax in the evenings in spite of having large amounts of homework. A. enjoy B.unvind C. calm down D. sechasge 9. Ann Sullutor is much more than a beautifully-designed gadget for a visually-impaired child. A blind B. nearsighted C. blindfolded D. handicapped 10. My PCis a zeally up-to-date model despite the fact that I got it second-hand. A. current B. modem C. common D.new Exercise &: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Jl. Many young girls are obsessed bout their weight, and they want to stay slim all the time. A thin B. charming CC. graceful D. overweight 2. Weare quite pleased with our team progress. A.excited B. bored CC. contented D. dissatisfied 3. Iwas really angey with what had happened. A furious B.calm C.neutral D. satisfied 4, Heis responsible for recruiting and training the new staf. A. workers B. employees C. interns D. employers 5. Be alert with that websites or your personal data will be leaked. A.concealed B. revealed C. published D. announced 6. Lindais always online. She updates her blog every day. A out of date B. out of control D. offline D. offshore 7. Although Mike is a child, he’s aware of what he should do and responsible enough forhis studying, A.careless B. trustworthy C. carefree D. diligent 8, Lack of confidence prevents young people from making success. A. doubt B. insecurity C. pessimism: D. trust 9. Nick is quite self-reliant in familiar situations, but if he comes across something unexpected, he has to ask for help. Avsef-supporting 8. individual C. dependent D. determined 10. Teenagers depend alot on computers, but I don't think it’s a serious problem. A plan B. manage C. work D. store Exercise 9: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. 1. Thomas Edison was a renowned inventor, having patented over a thousand different Gnvend) 2 Marie Curie the element radium, revolutionizing the field of . —_—_— as (discover) nuclear science. 3, The invention of the internet was a advancement in (evolution) communication technology. 4. Leonardo da Vinei was known for his genius, producing remarkable works of art and inventions. (create) 5. Albert Einstein was notonly a brilliant but also acreative thinker, (4.4) developing groundbreaking theories in physics.6. Utilizing renewable energy sources is one of the for combatting climate change. Golve) 7. Apple Inc. continuously launches innovative that redefine duce) technology and change the way we live, (Produce 8, The benefits of exercise are well-known and have a impacton sg both physical and mental health. 9.The of Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor ofthe telephone, (nieve) revolutionized communication across the globe. 10. The advancements in robotics and artificial intelligence are among the most exciting of the 21st century. (develop) WH 7\ aie Le) A. LISTENING Exercise 1: isten to the information about Thomas Edison and choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences 1, Thomas Edison was born in. A. Ohio B. Michigan ©. New Jersey D. Washington 2. His two favourite pastimes are . A. reading and painting B. experimenting and cycling . reading and experimenting D. painting and cydiing 3, His first patent was granted in. A. 1867 B. 1869 c. 1876 D.1899 4He in 1876. A. established his first laboratory B. collaborated with some politicians C.invented a phonograph D. got married 5. Hehad children. AB Bd 5 D6 Exercise 2: Listen carefully twice and write true (T) or false (F). 1. The authoris addicted to the intemet. “The author is going to use only their phone for a month. ‘The author is planning to write a blog about their digital detox. The author's friends are supportive of their decision. pee ‘The author hopes to learn that the intemet is not the most important thing in theit life.Exercise 1: 1, A: What do you use your laptop mostly for? 2. A:T’m going to download that app. 3..A: Why didn’t you open that email? 4. A: How can I protect my computer from 5..A: How can we inform our friends about the coming pacty? 6. A: How can download songs? 7. A: Do you think AI will affect every aspect of our future life? 8. A: They've just had an outdoor geography class. 9..A: Do you think a fieldtrip helps us be closer to nature? 10. A: How can you go in the correct directions when travelling? ‘hoose the correct response. Then practice the short exchanges in pairs. B: a/T’ve used it for my study. b/l’ve used it in my free time B: a/ You've set up your laptop. b/Isit safe and secure? B: a/ Because it took a lot of time to open thatemail. b/Because it was sent froma stranger. B: a/ You mustn't surf on the internet any moze. b/ You must install an antivirus software now. B:_a/ You should set up an eventon a social networking site. ‘by You should create an account on a social networking site. B: a/ You can use iTunes or any other music app. b/ You can buy something online easily. B: a/ Yes, ina positive way. T hope. b/ Yes. It can make the computer become cheaper. B: a/We can't learn much outside the classroom! b/ We can have outdoor activities with other subjects. B: a/Definitely. Hove it b/ Sure, We just relax. B: a/Tuse the satnav. b/use a Bluetooth headset Exercise 2: Complete the monologue with the phrases below. There is one extra phrase that you do not need to use. A. doing something with your hands B. I'ma creative person C. better to learn doing things with your hands D. children in an art class lesson E. they look to me as if F. Personally, I think G. showing different kinds of ways to leam FH. writing down information from the board As far as I can tell, both pictures are (1)__ The picture on the left shows 2)__ They seem to be very involved in what they are doing, In the right picture, they are in a lassroomand (3)__. One point worth mentioning is that in this picture they don’t look as though they are enjoying it very much. Isuppose it’s not quite asinteresting as (4)__. On the other hand, if the teacher is good it doesn’t make much of a difference. (5) _ both types of learning are valuable. Although it's (6) _ such as inan art lesson, at other times you need to use your mind more. If you were to ack me which I prefer, Id have to say the art lesson because (7) sometimes I think traditional learning is important too.Exercise 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to §. MOBILE PHONES @ When Scotsman Alexander Graham Bell (1) the telephone in 1876, it was a revolution in communication, (2) ____the first time, people could talk to each other over great distances almost as clearly as if they were in the same room. Nowadays, though, we (3) suse Bell's invention for taking photographs, (4) the Intemet or watching video clips rather than talking, Over the last two decades of spoken communication has emerged: the mobile phone. (Source: https: | Nearnenglich.briticheoundil.org) 1. A.has been invented _B. invented Cis invented D. was invented 2. AAs B.By ©.For D. Since 3. Avincrease B. increased C. increasing D. increasingly 4. A.accessing B. contacting C. entering D. searching . A aids B. means . tools D. ways @ The Rise of Artificial Intelligence Tegmark, now a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), is known for his (1)__ ideas. As he explains in the “Crazy” section of his website: “Every time Yve written ten mainstream papers, I allow myself to indulge in writing one wacky one.” (2)__ the outlandish elements shouldn’t overshadow his serious track record in cosmology, quantum information science and the study of some of the very deepest questions about the nature of reality. Recently, Tegmarkhas shifted his (3) __to intelligence, both human and artificial. He conducts front-line research in artificial intelligence (AD, most recently working with fellow MIT researcher Silviu-Marian Udrescu to create an AI (4) ____ was able to rediscover some of the most fundamental equations of physics by studying patterns in data. In 2014, he co-founded the Future of Life Institute, which aims to understand and mitigate (5)__ existential risks to humanity, particularly those associated with the rise of AL (Adapted from newscientist.cort) 1 A.sensitive B. provocative C. ferocious D. impulsive 2 ABut B.So C. Either D.Nor 3. A.desire B. demand C. requirement D. focus 4 A that B.whom C.who D. where 5. A-mach B. fewer C.some D.every Exercise 2: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 5, @ Former technology industry leaders are calling for urgent measures to protect children from smart phone addiction. Among those urging major changes is Tristan Harris — a former high-level employee at Google. He just launched a group that will seek to gather and publish evidence of how digital devices and social media can harm children and young people. Basing on the findings of this study, Tristan Hartis says Apple and other technology companies need to actually change their current engineering and design methods to be more kid friendly. Common Sense Media is partnering with the Centre for Humane Technology on anew campaign aimed at getting companies to make such changes. The effort includes a major public information campaign that will target schools, where research has also shown that mobile devices can hurt the learning process James Steyer is the founder of Common Sense. He says more than half of schools in the US. are already members of the organization. The group provides teachers and parents with leaming materials intended tohelp students develop critical thinking kills and balance their digital lives. Steyer says Common Sense will be providing even more resources to educators beginning in the new school year next fall. “And you know what's going to be in there? Stuff about addiction, how to prevent digital addiction Stuff about digital manipulation. I actually think if you tall kids how they're being manipulated, it will change their relationship with technology.” ‘Most education experts believe technology will semain in schools far into the future. Steyer says the big ‘question is how this ever-changing technelogy will be used in schools going forward. “And are we going to educate the teachers, the students and their parents about the thoughtful, ethical use of those platforms and the software? That's the whole challenge ahead of us.” 1. Who used to work for Google? A. Tritan Harris B. The Founder of Common Sense C. James Steyer D. The manager of the Contre for Humane ‘Technology 2. What does the word “their” in the first paragraph refer to? A. The findings B. Technology companies C. Design methods D.Kids 3. What is most likely to distract students from studying? A.Asmartphone B. Anintelligentdog - C.Ahome computer. —_D. A newspaper 4. How many per cent of schools in the U.S, are memibers of Common Sense Media? A.5% B.33% C.50% D.75% 5, What is NOT mentioned by Steyer as topics of materials for schools? A. Addiction B. Addiction prevention C.Time management _D. Digital manipulation © As computer use becomes more common, the need for security is more important than ever. One of the greatest security threats in the online world is computer hacking. ‘Computer hacking is the unauthorized access to a computer or network of computers. Hackers are people ‘who illegally enter systems. They may alter or delete information, steal private information, or spread viruses that can damage or destroy files, But how exactly cana hacker get into a system to do these things? ‘Most hackers use information called protocols that are built into computer software. These protocols allow computer to interact with one another. Protocols are sort of like computer police officers. When a computer connects to another system, the protocols check to see if the access is valid. The protocols can also determine how much information can be shared between the two systems, Hackers can manipulate the protocels to get unlimited access to a computer system. In fact, just the act of entering a computer network is considered hacking, This is commonly called passive hacking, Passive hackers get a rush from just being able to access a challenging system like a bank of military network. Another kind of hacker tries to do damage toa system. After hacking into systems, these hacker release viruses or alter, delete, or take information. Known as active hackers, they are, by far, the more dangerous of the two, ‘The easiest way to protect a system is with a good password. Long and unusual passwords are harder for hackers to guess. For even greater security, some online services use “password-plus” systems, In this case, ‘users first put in a password and then put in a second code that changes after the user accesses the site. Users either have special cards or devices that show them the new code to use the next time Even fa hacker steals the password, they won't have the code. Or if the hacker somehow gets the code, they still don't know the password.1, What is NOT considered hacking? A. Turning on 2 private computer. B, Spreading viruses. C. Illegally entering systems, D. Altering or deleting private information. 2, How can hackers get access to a computer system? A. Change security programs. B, Manipulate the protocols. C. Spread viruses. D. Make anew password. 3, The word “they” in the fourth paragraph refers to . A.computersystems. B. passive hackers. C. computer viruses. D. active hackers. 4, What does “plus” in “password-plus” in the passage probably mean? A fast B. long C. danger D. extra 5, What is the main idea of this passage? A.Good ways to stop hackers, B, Hackers and computer security C. Famous hackers. D. Funny things hackers do. D. WRITING Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence using the word(s) in the brackets, without changing its meaning, 1, John doesn't get permission to use that computer. = John . It is necessary that people who work here leave by 6 pam. = People who work here 3, Every staff isn't allowed to smoke or eat in the office. = Every statt 4, It is forbidden for students to cheat in the exam. = Students 5. Ms. Ly is in charge of cleaning the floor every day. = Ms. Ly 6. You are not allowed to take photographs in the museum. = You Exorcice 2: Rawrita the following contences and add the available modal verhe ta the appropriate position. 1. Twill tell you my secret, but you tell anyone. © Iwill tell you 2. You spend too much time playing computer games. You stop that. © You spend 3. We wear helmets when we ride a motorbike. owe 4. Lbook the tickets in advance. cI 5. Alia, you say rude words like that. 2 Alia, you 6. We play table tennis. We can play chess instead. = We 7. Children put their hands into sockets. Thatis very dangerous. = Children 8. Doctors sometimes work at the weekends and on national holidays. = Doctors sometimes