Maths 1a - 2023 (QB)

AVINASH COLLEGE OF COMMERCE “ASPIRE .ACHIEVE .
INSPIRE”
MATHEMATICS-IA
BLUE PRINT
VSAQ SAQ LAQ TOTAL

CONTENTS
[2 M] [4 M] [7 M] [97M]
ALGEBRA
2 - 1 11
1. Functions
- - 1 07
2. Mathematical Induction
2 1 2 22
3. Matrices
VECTOR ALGEBRA
2 1 - 08
4. Addition of Vectors
1 1 1 13
5. Product of Vectors
TRIGONOMETRY
6. Trigonometric Ratios up to 2 1 1 15
Transformations
- 1 - 04
7. Trigonometric Equations
8. Inverse Trigonometric - 1 - 04
Functions
1 - - 02
9. Hyperbolic Functions
10. Properties of Triangles - 1 1 11
Number of Questions 10 7 7 24
Jr IPE Maths 1A 1 Question Bank

AVINASH COLLEGE OF COMMERCE “ASPIRE .ACHIEVE .INSPIRE”
1. FUNCTIONS
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:
***1. Let f : A  B , g : B  C be bijections. Then prove that gof : A  C is a bijection.

[Mar-09, May-17,13,12,06, Jun-19,10]
***2. Let f : A  B , g : B  C be bijections. Then prove that  gof   f 1og 1 .

1
[Mar-20,16,14,11,10,06,04,02, May-14,11,09,Jun-02]
***3 Let f : A  B be a bijection. Then prove that fof -1  I B and f -1of  I A .
.[Mar-19,15,12,07,03,02,May-16,15,07,Jun-05,01]
***4. Let f : A  B , I A and I B be Identity functions on A and B respectively. Then prove that
foI A  f  I B of . [Mar-18,13,08,05]
***5. Let f : A  B be a function. Then prove that f is a bijection if and only if there exists a function
g : B  A such that fog  I B and gof  I A and in this case, g  f 1 . [Mar-08,May-15,Jun-03]
**6. Let f {1, a  ,  2, c  ,  4, d  ,  3, b } , g 1  { 2, a  ,  4, b  , 1, c  , 3, d} ,then prove that  gof   f 1og 1
1
[Mar-15,May-07]
*9. Let A  1, 2,3 , B  a, b, c , C   p, q, r.If f : A  B, g : B  C are defined by
f  {1, a  ,  2, c  , 3, b }, g  { a, q  ,  b, r  ,  c, p } , then prove that f 1og 1   gof  .
1
[Sep-2000]
**7. (a) If f : Q  Q is defined by f  x   5x  4 , x  Q then show that f is a bijection and find f 1 .

[Mar-10,May-12,Jun-05]
(b) f  { 4,5 ,  5,6 ,  6, 4}, g  { 4, 4 ,  6,5 , 8,5} then find
(i) f  g [Mar-17,May-18] (ii) f+4 [Mar-07,May-18] (iii) fg [Mar-17,07]
f
(iv) [May-18] (v) f [Mar-07,May-18] (vi) f 2 [Mar-07,May-18]
g
(vii) 2 f  4 g [May-18] (viii) f [May-18]
*8. Let f : A  B , g : B  C and h : C  D . Then prove that ho( gof )   hog  of , that is
Composition of function is associative. [Oct-99, Sep-95]
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

3x  2, x3
 2
1. If the function f is defined by f  x  =  x  2, 2  x  2 ,then find the values, if exist, of
 2 x  1, x  3

f  4  , f  2.5 , f  2  , f  4  , f  0  , f  7  . [Mar-14,06]

 x  2, x 1

2. If the function f is defined by f  x  =  2, 1  x  1 ,then find the values of
 x  1, 3  x  1

(i) f  3 (ii) f  0  (iii) f  1.5 (iv) f  2  f  2 (v) f  5
    
3. If A  0, , , ,  and f : A  B is a surjection defined by f  x   cos x then find B.
 6 4 3 2
[Mar-17,11,May-17,15,11]
4. If A  2, 1,0,1, 2 and f : A  B is a surjection defined by f  x  = x 2  x  1 , then find B.
[Mar-16,May-16,14]
x2  x  1
5. If A  1, 2,3, 4 and f : A  R is a function defined by f  x   ,then find range of f.
x 1
1  x2
6. If f : R  R is defined by f  x  = , then show that f  tan    cos 2 . [Mar-20]
1  x2
cos 2 x  sin 4 x
29. If f  x   x  R then show that f  2012  1 .
sin 2 x  cos 4 x
1 1
30. If f : R \ 0  R is defined by f  x  = x 3  , then show that f  x   f    0. [Jun-19,May-18]
x3 x
1 x  2x 
31. If f : R \   R is defined by f  x   log ,then show that f  2 
 2 f  x .
1 x  1 x 
32. If the function f :{1,1}  {0, 2} , Defined by f  x   ax  b is a surjection, then find a and b.
7. Which of the following are injections (or) surjections (or) bijections? Justify your answers.
(i) f : R   0,   defined by f  x  = 2 x
(ii) f :  0,    R defined by f  x   loge x
f :[0, )  [0, ) defined by f  x   x

2
(iii)
2x 1
(iv) f : R  R defined by f  x   [Mar-15]
3
8. Find the inverse of the following functions
(i) f : R   0,   defined by f  x   5x . [Mar-11,06]
(ii) f : (0, )  R defined by f  x   log 2 x .
(iii) a, b  R, f : R  R defined by f  x   ax  b  a  0 . [Mar-18,13]
x 1
9. If f  x   1  x  x2  ..... for x  1 then show that f 1  x   .
x
10. If f : R  R, g : R  R are defined by f  x   4 x  1 and g  x   x 2  2 the find
 a 1
(i)  gof  x  (ii)  gof    (iii) fof  x  (iv) go  fof  0 . [Mar-05,04]
 4 

11. If f  y  =
y y
, g  y  then show that  fog  y   y . [May-16]
1 y2 1 y2
12. If f : R  R and g : R  R are defined by f  x   2 x 2  3 and g  x   3x  2 ,then find
(i)  fog  x  (ii)  gof  x  (iii)  fof  0 (iv) go  fof  3 .
13. If f : R  R , g : R  R are defined by f  x  = 3x 1 , g  x   x2  1 then find
(i) fof  x 2  1 (ii) fog  2 (iii) gof  2a  3 . [May-17,13, Mar-13]
14. If f : R  R, g : R  R defined by f  x   3x  2, g  x   x2  1 , then find
(i)  gof   2 
1
(ii)  gof  x 1 . [Mar-08, May-06]
1
15. If f  x   , g  x   x for all x   0,   , then find  gof  x  . [Mar-92]
x
x 1
16. If f  x   2 x  1 , g  x   , for all x  R , then find  gof  x  . [Mar-19]
2
17. If f  x   2, g  x   x2 , h  x   2 x for all x  R , then find  fo  goh  x   . [Mar-17]
x 1
18. If f  x  =  x  1 then find  fofof  x  and  fofofof  x  . [Mar-05]
x 1
19. Let f  x   x 2 , g  x   2 x .Then solve the equation  fog  x    gof  x  .
0 if x  Q 1 if x  Q
33. If f , g : R  R are defined by f  x  =  and g  x  =  then find
1 if x  Q  0 if x  Q
 fog     gof  e  .
20. Find the domains of the following real valued functions.
1 1
(i) f  x = [Mar-19] (ii) f  x = [Mar-20,14, May-14]
6x  x2  5  x  1  x  3
2
2 x2  5x  7
(iii) f  x = [June-19]
 x  1 x  2  x  3
21. Find the domains of the following functions.
f  x   x  25 [Mar-12] f  x  a  x
2 2 2
(i) (ii) [Jun-04]
f  x   4x  x [ Mar-18,May-12,Jun-10] f  x   x  3x  2
2 2
(iii) (iv)
1
(v) f  x  x x (vi) f  x  [May-13,Mar-04]
1  x2
1 1
(vii) f  x   a  0  [Mar-15] (viii) f  x 
x2  a 2
x x
f  x   log  x 2  4 x  3 [Mar-16,10,08, May-11,07] (ii)

1
(i) f  x 
log  2  x 


3 x  3 x 2 x  2 x
(i) f  x  [Mar-07] (ii) f  x  [May-15]
x x
1
(iii) f  x  x2 1 
x 2  3x  2
24. Find the range of the following real valued functions
sin   x 
(i) f  x   log 4  x 2 [Apr-97] (ii) f  x   x  x (iii) f  x 
1   x
2
tan   x  x x2  4
(iv) f  x  (v) f  x  [Mar-09] (vi) f  x 
1  sin   x    x 2  2  3x x2
2 x
(vii) f  x  (viii) f  x  9  x
2
(ix) f  x  9  x
2
[Mar-15]
2 x
(x) f  x  x  1 x
25. If f = {(1,2),(2,-3),(3,-1)} then find
(i) 2 f (ii) 2  f (iii) f 2 (iv) f [Mar-12,08,May-08]
26. If f and g are real valued functions defined by f  x   2 x  1 and g  x   x 2 then find [Mar-09]
 f 
(i)  3 f  2 g  x  (ii)  fg  x  (iii)    x  (iv)  f  g  2 x 
 g 
27. Determine whether the following functions are even or odd.
(i) f  x   a x  a  x  sin x (ii) 

f  x   log x  x 2  1 
x x
28. Prove that the real valued function f  x     1 is an even function on R \ 0 .
e 1 2
x
2. MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

Using mathematical induction, prove each of the following statements, for all n  N.
n  n 2  6n  11
***6. Show that 2.3+3.4+4.5+…..upto n terms = . [Mar-13,May-16,06]
3
n  n  1 n  2  n  3
***3. Show that 1.2.3 + 2.3.4 + 3.4.5+…..upto n terms = . [Mar-17,15,08]
4
13 13  23 13  23  33
 2n 2  9n  13  .
n
***1. Show that    ..... upto n terms = [Mar-14,07,05]
1 1 3 1 3  5 24

n  n  1  n  2 
2
***2. Show that 1  1  2   1  2  3   ...... up to n terms 

2 2 2 2 2 2
.
12
[Mar-12,09,04,02,May-18,09]
n2  n  1
2
14. Prove that 1  2 

3
3  ...3
 n  3
.3
[Jun-19]
4
1 1 1 n
***5. Show that     up to n terms = . [Mar-17,15,11,06]
1.4 4.7 7.10 3n  1
1 1 1 1 n
***4. Show that       . [Mar-18,May-15,14]
1.3 3.5 5.7 (2n  1)(2n  1) 2n  1
***8. Show that 3.52 n 1  23n 1 is divisible by 17. [May-12,08, July-10,01]
***7. Show that 49  16n  1 is divisible by 64.

n
[Mar-18,May-13]
*13. If x, y are natural numbers and x  y , show that x  y is divisible by x – y.

n n
[Jun-04]
n
***9. Prove that a+(a+d)+(a+2d)+……upto n terms =  2a   n  1 d  . [Mar-16,10]
2
a  r n  1
***10. Prove that a  ar  ar  ...  upto n terms =
2
, r 1 [Mar-20,11]
r 1
**11. Prove that 2+3.2+4.22+……upto n terms = n.2n. [May-07,Apr-01]
 3  5  7   2n  1 
*12. Prove that 1   1   1   ............  1  2    n  1 .
2
[Mar-19]
 1  4  9   n 
3. MATRICES

 a1 b1 c1 
*** 1. If A   a2 c2  is a non – singular matrix, then prove that A is invertible and A 
1 adjA
 b2
det A
 a3 b3 c3 
[Mar-18,13,07,02,May-13,07,06]
bc ca ab a b c
***2. Show that c  a a  b b  c  2 b c a [Mar-13]
ab bc ca c a b
a  b  2c a b
b  c  2a  2a  b  c
3
*** 3. Show that c b [Mar-19,16,10,May-16,12,08,Jun-10]
c a c  a  2b
a bc 2a 2a
bca  a  b  c
3
***4. Show that 2b 2b [May-11, Mar-11]
2c 2c c a b

2bc  a
2
a b c c2 b2
 
2
***5. Show that b c a  2ac  b 2  a  b3  c 3  3abc .
3
c2 a2
c a b b2 a2 2ab  c 2
[Mar-18,12, May-18,14,09]
a a 2 1  a3 a a2 1
***6 . If b b 2 1  b3  0 and b b 2 1  0 ,then show that abc  1 . [Mar-20,14, 04]
c c 2 1  c3 c c2 1
1 a2 a3
***7. Show that 1 b2 b3   a  b  b  c  c  a  ab  bc  ca  [Jun-19, May-13, Mar-09,02]
1 c2 c3
a b c
***8. Show that a2 b2 c 2  abc  a  b  b  c  c  a  [May-17, 06]
a3 b3 c3
a 2  2a 2a  1 1
2a  1 a  2 1   a  1
3
***9. Show that [Mar-13, 07]
3 3 1
x  2 2 x  3 3x  4
**12. Find the value of x if x  4 2 x  9 3x  16  0 [Mar-15, 06]
x  8 2 x  27 3x  64
***10. Solve the following system of equations by using Cramer’s rule.

(i) 2 x  y  3z  9, x  y  z  6, x  y  z  2. [Mar-17,16,14,10,May-14,13]
(ii) 3x  4 y  5 z  18, 2 x  y  8 z  13,5 x  2 y  7 z  20 [Mar-19,13,12,08,04,03,May-15,09,06]
(iii) x  y  z  9, 2 x  5 y  7 z  52, 2 x  y  z  0 [Mar-09,May-11,07,Jun-10]
(iv) x  y  3z  5, 4 x  2 y  z  0,  x  3 y  z  5. [May-18,Mar-15]
(v) 2 x  y  3z  8,  x  2 y  z  4,3x  y  4 z  0. [Mar-18,07,May-12]
(vi) x  y  z  1, 2 x  2 y  3z  6, x  4 y  9 z  3 [Mar-20,May-16,Jun- 19]
***11. Solve the following system of equations by using Matrix inversion method.
***12. Solve the following system of equations by using Gauss-Jordan method.


***11. Examine whether the following systems of equations are consistent or Inconsistent and if consistent
find the complete solutions.
(i) x  y  z  6, x  y  z  2, 2 x  y  3z  9 [Mar-11, 05]
(ii) x  y  z  9, 2 x  5 y  7 z  52, 2 x  y  z  0 [May-15]
(iii) x  y  z  1, 2 x  y  z  2, x  2 y  2 z  1 [Mar-15, Jun-05]
(iv) x  y  z  3, 2 x  2 y  z  3, x  y  z  1
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
  cos2  cos  sin    cos 2  cos  sin  
***1. If     , then show that      0.
2 cos  sin  sin 2   cos  sin  sin 2  
[May-17,15,11,09,Mar-04]
1 0  0 1 
***2. If I   and E   then show that  aI  bE   a 3 I  3a 2bE , where I is Unit matrix of order 2.
3
 
0 1  0 0 
[Mar-16,10,May-16]
1 2 2 
***3. (i) If A   2 1 2  then show that A2  4 A  5I  0 . [Mar-17]
 
 2 2 1 
1 2 1 
(ii) If A  0 1 1 then find A3  3 A2  A  3I , Where I is unit matrix of order 3.
 
 3 1 1 
[Mar-19,11,Apr-98]
1 a a2
***4. Show that 1 b b 2 = (a-b)(b-c)(c-a).
[Mar-17,05]
1 c c2
bc ca a b
***5. Prove that a  b b  c c  a  a 3  b3  c3  3abc [May-13,07,Mar-08]
a b c
bc b  c 1
*16.Show that ca c  a 1   a  b  b  c  c  a  .
ab a  b 1
yz x x
*17. Show that y zx y  4 xyz .
z z x y

x a a
*18. Show that a x a   x  2a  x  a  .
2
a a x
 1 2
 2 1 2 
, B   3 0  then verify that  AB   B1 A1 .
1
**10. If A    [Jun-19, Mar-13]
1 3 4  5 4 
1 5 3   2 1 0 
*13 . If A=  2 4 0  and B= 0 2 5 then find 3 A  4 B1 [May-13]
   
 3 1 5 1 2 0 
 2 4 
*19. If A    then find A  A1 and AA1. [May-07]
 5 3 
*20. For any n  n matrix A, prove that A can be uniquely expressed as a sum of a symmetric matrix and a
skew symmetric matrix.
***7. Find the adjoint and inverse of the matrix.
1 3 3 2 1 2 1 0 2 
(i) A  1 4 3  [May-14]  ii  1 0 1  [Mar-08,Apr-89]  iii  2 1 0 [Mar-05]
1 3 4  2 2 1   3 2 1 
 a 0 0
*14. If abc  0 , find inverse of  0 b 0 [Mar-06, Oct-96]
 
 0 0 c 
1 2 1 
***8. Show that A= 3 2 3  is non-singular matrix and find A1 . [Mar-17,12]
 
1 1 2 
.
 1 2 2 
*15.If A=  2 1 2  ,then show that the adjoint of A is 3 A1 . Find A1 . [Mar-08]
 
 2 2 1 
1 2 2
***6. If 3A =  2 1 2  , then show that A1  A1 . [May-18,12,Mar-14,09]
 
 2 2 1
 3 3 4 
**9. If A =  2 3 4  , then show that A1  A3 .
 0 1 1 
Let A and B be invertible matrices. Then prove that  AB  = B 1 A1 .

1
*21.

3 4 1  2n 4n 
**11. If A   then show that An   for any integer n  1, by using mathematical

1 1  n 1  2n 
induction. [May-08,Jun-02]
 cos  sin    cos n  sin n  
**12. If A    then show that for all the positive integers n, An   .
  sin  cos     sin n  cos n  
[Nov-98]
1. Define a Triangular matrix. Give an example. [Mar-16]
 1 3  2 1  x x2 
2. If A =  ,B=  , = 1 and A  B  X then find the values of x1 , x2 , x3and x4 .
 4 2
 
 3 5  x3 x4 
 3 2 1  3 1 0 
3. If A =  2 2 0  , B =  2 1 3 and X  A  B then find X. [Mar-17]
   
1 3 1   4 1 2
 2 3 1 1 2 1
4. If A =   B=   then find the matrix X such that A+B-X=0. What is the order of the
6 1 5 0 1 3 
matrix X?
1 2 3 8
5. If A =   B =  and 2X+A= B then find X. [Mar-13, 11,May-12]
 3 4   7 2 
 x  3 2 y  8  5 2 
6. If   = then find the values of x , y , z and a. [May-18,14,06]
z  2 6   2 a  4
 x  1 2 5  y  1 2 3 
7. If  0 z 1 7   0 4 7  then find the values of x, y, z and a. [Mar-20]

 1 0 a  5  1 0 0 
 x  1 2 y  5 1  x 2  y 
8. If  z 0 2    2 0 2  then find the values of x, y, z and a.

 1 1 1  a   1 1 1 
9. Define a trace of a matrix and Find the trace of A if:

 1 1

2  
2 1 3 5
 
(i) A = 0 1 2. [May-15] (ii) 
A = 2 1 5  . [Jun-19]
 
 1   2 0 1 
 2 1 
 2 
1 2 3 3 2 1 
10. If A =   and B =   find 3B  2 A . [Mar-19, May-12]
3 2 1  1 2 3
1
11. Construct a 3  2 matrix whose elements are defined by aij  i 3j . [Mar-15]
2
 i o
12. If A    then show that A2   I .
0 i 

 i o
13. If A    , find A2 . [Mar-08]
o i 
 4 2
14. Find A2 , where A   .
 1 1 
 2 4
15. If A   and A  0 , then find the value of k.
2
 [Mar-18,14,05,May-16,11]
 1 k 
3 0 0
16. If A  0 3 0  , then find A4 . [Mar-20,May-17]
 
0 0 3
17. Define a transpose of a matrix. Give an example. [May-07]

 2 0 1  1 1 0 
18. If A    and B   0 1 2  then find  AB .
1 1
[Mar-19,May-12]
 1 1 5  
 2 1 
 2 3 1 
19. If A   5 0  and B    then find (i) 2A  B1 (ii) 3B1  A . [Mar-10]
   4 0 2
 1 4
1 2
 2 1 0 
20. If A    and B   4 3 then find A  B .
1
 3 4 5 
 1 5 
[May-08]
 cos  sin  
26. If A   , show that AA1  A1 A  I . [Mar-07]
  sin  cos  
21. Define a symmetric matrix. Give an example. [May-13,07, Jun-05]
 1 2 3 
23. If A   2 5 6  is a symmetric matrix, then find x . [May-18,15,Mar-05, 03]
 
 3 x 7 
22. Define a skew – symmetric matrix. Give an example. [May-17,Jun-05]

0 2 1
24. If A   2 0 2 is a skew symmetric matrix, then find x . [May-14, 13, 11]
 
 1 x 0 
0 4 2 

25. If A  4 0 8  is a skew symmetric matrix, find the value of x .
 
 2 8 x 
27. For any square matrix A, show that AA1 is symmetric. [Mar-15]
 2 1 4 
28. Find the minors of -1 and 3 in the matrix  0 2 5  .
 
 3 1 3 

 1 0 5

29. Find the cofactors of the elements 2,-5 in the matrix 1 2 2 

 4 5 3 
31. Find the determinants of the following matrices.
a h g a b c  12 22 32 
h  2 
(i)
 b f  (ii) b c a 
 
(iii) 2 32 42  [Mar-10]
 g c   c a b   32 42 52 
f 
1 0 0 
32. If A   2 3 4  and det A = 45 then find x [Mar-13,07,03, May-09,Jun-19]
 
5 6 x 
1  2
30. If  is complex (non- real) cube root of 1 then show that  2 1  0. [Mar-14,11]
 2
1 
a b bc c a
33. Show that b  c c  a a  b  0 [May-08]
c a a b bc
34. Define a singular and non- singular matrices. Give an examples.

35. Find the ad joint and the inverse of the following matrices.
cos   sin    2 3 
(i)  sin  [Mar-13, 09] (ii) [Mar-02]
 cos   4 6 
 
1 2 
(iii) A  [May 06]
3 5
 a  ib c  id  2
36. If A    , a  b 2  c 2  d 2  1 then find the inverse of A.
 c  id a  ib 
37. Define Rank of a matrix. [Mar-20]
38. Find the rank of each of the following matrix
1 2 1 1 2 3 
(i) A   1 0 2  [Mar-12, 06] (ii)  2 3 4 [Mar-15]
 
 0 1 1 0 1 2
1 1 1
(iii) 1 1 1 [Mar-18,08, May-16,Jun-10]
 
1 1 1
0 1 2 
39. Find the rank of A  1 2 3  using elementary transformations.
 
 3 2 1 
40. Define trivial solution.

41. Solve the following system of homogenous equations x-y+z=0, x+2y-z=0, 2x+y+3z=0. [Mar-16]

42. A certain bookshop has 10 dozen chemistry books, 8 dozen physics books, 10 dozen economics books.
Their selling prices are RS. 80, Rs. 60 and Rs. 40 each respectively. Using matrix algebra, find the total
value of the books in the shop.
4. ADDITION OF VECTORS

***1. Let A B C D E F be a regular hexagon with center ‘O’. Show that
AB  AC  AD  AE  AF  3AD  6 AO . [Mar-03,May-17,11,09]
***2. If a , b , c are non – coplanar vectors, then prove that the following four points are coplanar.
(i) a  4b  3c ,3a  2b  5c , 3a  8b  5c , 3a  2b  c . [Mar-18,May-18,16, 14, 12]
(ii) 6a  2b  c , 2a  b  3c ,  a  2b  4c ,  12a  b  3c . [Mar-15]
***3. If i , j , k are unit vectors along the positive directions of the co-ordinate axes, then show that the four
points 4i  5 j  k ,  j  k ,3i  9 j  4k and 4 i  4 j  4k are coplanar. [May-14, Apr-99]
***4. If the points whose position vectors 3i  2 j  k , 2i  3 j  4k ,  i  j  2k and 4 i  5 j   k are

146
coplanar, then show that   [Mar-20,May-15]
17
***7. Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the points 4i  3 j  k , 3i  7 j  10k and
2 i  5 j  7k and show that the point i  2 j  3k lies in the plane.
***6. Show that the line joining the pair of points 6a  4b  4c , 4c and the line joining the pair of points
 a  2b  3c , a  2b  5c interest at the point 4c when a , b , c are noncoplanar vectors. [Mar-16]
***5. If a , b , c are noncoplanar find the point of intersection of the line passing through the points
2a  3b  c , 3a  4b  2c with the line joining the points a  2b  3c , a  6b  6c . [Mar-19]
***8. Find the vector equation of the plane which passes through the points 2i  4 j  2k , 2i  3 j  5k and
parallel to the vector 3i  2 j  k .Also find the point where this plane meets the line joining the points
2 i  j  3k and 4 i  2 j  3k . [Mar-12]
**9. In the two dimensional plane, prove by using vector methods, the equation of the line whose
x y
intercepts on the axes are ‘a’ and ‘b’ is   1 . [Jun-05, Jul-01]
a b
**10. In  ABC, if ‘O’ is the circum center and H is the orthocenter, then show that
(i) OA  OB  OC  OH [Apr-2000] (ii) HA  HB  HC  2HO

*11. Find the equation of the line parallel to the vector 2 i  2 j  2k and which passes through the point A
whose position vector is 3i  j  k . If P is a point on this line such that AP = 15, find the position
vector of P.
*12. Find the point of intersection of the line r  2a  b  t (b  c ) and the plane
r  a  x  b  c   y  a  2b  c  Where a , b , c are non – coplanar vectors. [May-13]
*13. Let a , b be non collinear vectors. If    x  4 y  a +  2 x  y  1 b and

   y  2 x  2 a +  2 x  3 y  1 b are such that 3  2 , then find x and y . [Jul-01]
*14. Verify whether the triangle formed by the vectors 3i  5 j  2k , 2 i  3 j  5k , 5i  2 j  3k is

equilateral or not. [Jun-19]
2. Find a vector in the direction of vector a  i  2 j that has magnitude 7 units.
1. Find unit vector in the direction of vector a  2 i  3 j  k . [Mar-14,May-17]

3. Find the unit vector in the direction of the sum of the vectors,
a  2i  2 j  5k and b  2i  j  3k . [May-13]
4. Le t a  i  2 j  3k and b  3i  j . Find the unit vector in the direction of a  b .

[Mar-16,May-16,Jun-19]
5. Let a  2i  4 j  5k , b  i  j  k and c  j  2k be three vectors. Find the unit vector in the
opposite direction of a  b  c . [Mar-19,12,10,09,04,May-12]
6. If the vectors 3i  4 j   k and ui  8 j  6k are collinear vectors. Then find  and u .
[Mar-20,14,May-18,14,12]
7. a  2 i  5 j  k and b  4i  mj  nk are collinear vectors, then find m and n.
[Mar-18,17,15,May-15,11]
8. ABCDE is a pentagon. If the sum of the vectors AB, AE , BC , DC , ED and AC is  AC , then find the
value of  .
9. If the position vectors of the points A,B and C are 2i  j  k , 4 i  2 j  2k and 6 i  3 j  13k
respectively and AB   AC , then find the value of . [Mar-11]
10. If OA  i  j  k , AB  3i  2 j  k , BC  i  2 j  2k and CD  2 i  j  3k ,
then find the vector OD . [Mar-19,13]

11. If  ,  and  are the angles made by the vector 3i  6 j  2k with the positive directions of the
coordinate axes then find cos  , cos  and cos  .
12. Find the vector equation of the line passing through the point 2 i  3 j  k and parallel to the vector
4 i  2 j  3k . [Mar-17,07,May-16,07,Jun-19,10]
13. Find the vector equation of the line joining the points 2 i  j  3k and 4 i  3 j  k
[Mar-18,16,11,04,May-09,08]
15. Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the points  0,0,0 ,  0,5,0 and  2,0,1 .
[Mar-20]
14. Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the points i  2 j  5k , 5 j  k and 3i  5k .
[Mar-06, May-18,14,13,11]
16. OABC is a parallelogram. If OA  a and OC  c find the vector equation of the side BC . [Mar-15, 09]

17. If a , b , c are the position vectors of the vertices A,B and C respectively of  ABC, then find the vectors
equation of the median through the vertx A. [Mar-13]
18. Using the vector equation of the straight line passing through two points, prove that the points whose
position vectors are a , b and  3a  2b  are collinear.
19. Show that the points whose position vectors are 2a  3b  5c , a  2b  3c , 7a  c are collinear
when a , b , c are non – coplanar vectors . [Mar-12,May-17]
20. If a, b, c are noncoplanar vectors, then test for the collinearity of the position vectors are given by
a  2b  3c , 2a  3b  4c , 7b  10c .
21. Prove that the vector equation of the straight line passing through the point A  a  and parallel to the
vector b is r  a  tb , t  R .
5. PRODUCT OF VECTORS
***1. (i) Find the shortest distance between the skew lines r   6 i  2 j  2k   t  i  2 j  2k  and
r   4 i  k   s  3i  2 j  2k  . [Mar-17,09, May-17,15,14,Jun-19]
(ii) If A  1, 2, 1 , B   4,0, 3 , C  1, 2, 1 , D   2, 4, 5 .
Find the distance between AB and CD. [Mar-19,14,12]

***2. Let a, b, c be three vectors. Then prove that
(i)  a  b   c   a .c  b   b .c  a [Mar-15,May-09]
(ii) a   b  c    a .c  b   a .b  c [Mar-15]
***3. If a  i  2 j  k , b  2 i  j  k , c  i  2 j  k , find a  (b  c ) and a  b   c . [May-18]
***4. If a  i  2 j  3k , b  2i  j  k and c  i  3 j  2k verify that a   b  c    a  b   c .
[May-11,Mar-08]
***5. If a  2i  j  3k , b  i  2 j  k , c   i  j  4k and d  i  j  k , then compute a  b  c  d .    

[Mar-15,03]
***6. If a  i  2 j  3k , b  2i  j  k , c  i  j  2k then find  a  b   c and a  b  c  .

[Mar-18,16,May-16,13]
***7. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point A   2, 3, 1 , B  4, 5, 2  and C  3,6,5
[May-16,Mar-11,10,02]
**8. Prove that in any triangle, the altitudes are concurrent. [Mar-13, May-15]
**9. Prove that in any triangle, the perpendicular bisectors of the sides are concurrent.
*10. Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the intersection of the planes r .  i  j  k   6
and r .  2 i  3 j  4k   5 and the point (1,1,1).

*11. Show that the equation of the plane passing through the points with position vectors
3i  5 j  k ,  i  5 j  7k and parallel to the vector 3i  j  7k is 3x  2 y  z  0 .
*12. A line makes angles 1 , 2 , 3 and  4 with the diagonals of a cube. Show that
4
cos 2 1  cos 2  2  cos 2 3  cos 2  4  .
3
*13. Let a  i  j  k , b  2 i  j  3k , c  i  j and d  6i  2 j  3k express d , in terms of b  c , c  a
and a  b .
a a 2 1  a3
*14. If A= 1, a, a 2  ,B= 1, b, b 2  ,C= 1, c, c 2  are non-coplanar vectors and b b 2 1  b3  0 ,then
c c 2 1  c3
show that abc+1=0.

***1. Prove that Angle in a semi-circle is a right angle. [May-13,08,Apr-99]
1
***2. Prove that the angle  between any two diagonals of a cube is given by cos  
3
[Mar-10,May-12,11,Jun-10]
***3. Show that the points  5,  1, 1 ,  7, 4,7  , 1, 6,10 and  1, 3, 4  are the vertices of a rhombus.
[Mar-13]
***4. Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are A(1, 2, 3), B(2, 3, 1), C(3, 1, 2) [Mar-14,06]
***5. If a  2 i  j  k , b   i  2 j  4k and c  i  j  k then find  a  b  .  b  c  [Mar-17,09]
***6. Let a and b be vectors, satisfying a = b =5 and (a, b) = 45 . Find the area of the triangle having
a  2b and 3 a +2 b as two of its sides. [Mar-07]
***7. Find the unit vector perpendicular to the plane passing through the points (1, 2, 3),(2, -1,1) and
(1, 2, -4). [Mar-05, Jun-10]
***8. Find a unit vector perpendicular to the plane determined by the points P (1, -1, 2) , Q (2, 0, -1) and
R (0, 2, 1).
**15. Find the vector having magnitude 6 units and perpendicular to both 2i  k and 3 j  i  k
**16. Find a vector of magnitude 3 and perpendicular to both the vectors b  2 i  2 j  k and
c  2 i  2 j  3k .
***9. If a  2 i  3 j  4k , b  i  j  k and c  i  j  k , then compute a   b  c  and verify that it is
perpendicular to a . [Mar-19, May-17]
***10. If b c d  + c a d  +  a b d  =  a b c  then show that the points with position vectors a b c and d are
coplanar. [May-14]
***11. Find the volume of the tetrahedron whose vertices are (1, 2, 1), (3, 2, 5), (2,-1,0)and (-1,0,1)
[Mar-20,15,04,May-07]

**12. If a  b  c  0 , a  3, b  5 and c  7 , then find the angle between a and b
**13. If a  2 , b  3 and c  4 and each of a , b , c is perpendicular to the sum of the other two vectors,
then find the magnitude of a  b  c .
**14. Let, a  2 i  j  2k , b  i  j .If c is a vector such that a .c  c , c  a  2 2 and the angle between
a  b and c is 30 , then find the value of a  b  c   [May-15]
**17. a , b , c are three vectors of equal magnitudes and each of them is inclined at an angle of 60 to the
others. If a  b  c = 6 ,then find a .
**18. For any two vectors a and b , show that 1  a  2

 1  b   1  a  b
2 2 2
 a  b  a b . [Mar-18]
**19. If a , b , c are unit vectors such that a is perpendicular to the plane of b , c and the angle between

b and c is , then find a  b  c .
3
*20. a  3i  j  2k , b   i  3 j  2k , c  4 i  5 j  2k and d  i  3 j  5k , then compute the following
(i)  a  b    c  d  and (ii)  a  b  .c   a  d  .b

*21. If a  11, b  23 and a  b  30 , then find the angle between the vectors a , b and also a  b .
*22. The vectors AB  3i  2 j  2k and AD  i  2k represent the adjacent sides of a parallelogram

ABCD. Find the angle between the diagonals. [May-18]
*23. Find the Cartesian equation of the plane through the point A  2, 1, 4 and parallel to the plane
4x-12y-3z-7=0.
*24. If a , b , and c represent the vertices A, B and C respectively of  ABC, then prove that
 a  b   b  c    c  a  is twice the area of  ABC.
*25. Find  in order that the four points A(3,2,1), B(4,  ,5), C(4,2,-2) and D(6,5,-1) be coplanar. [Mar-16]
*26. For any four vectors a , b , c and d ,  a  b    c  d    a c d  b  b c d  a and
 a  b    c  d   a b d  c  a b c  d .
*27. Let a  4i  5 j  k , b  i  4 j  5k and c  3i  j  k . Find the vector which is perpendicular to
both a and b whose magnitude is twenty one times the magnitude of c.
*28. Find the distance of a point  2,5, 3 from the plane r .  6 i  3 j  2k   4 . [May-17]

1. Find the angle between the vectors i  2 j  3k and 3i  j  2k [Mar-18,17,14,10, Jun-19]
2. If a  6 i  2 j  3k and b  2i  9 j  6k , then find a . b and the angle between a and b. [Nov-98]
13. If a  2 i  2 j  3k , b  3i  j  2k , then find the angle between 2a  b and a  2b .
3. If the vectors 2i   j  k and 4 i  2 j  2k are perpendicular to each other, find  .

[May-16, 15, Jun-05, Mar-05]

4. If the vectors  i  3 j  5k and 2 i   j  k are perpendicular to each other find  .
[Mar-16,May-14]
5. For what values of  , the vectors i   j  2k and 8i  6 j  k are at right angles?
6. If a  i  2 j  3k and b  3i  j  2k , then show that a  b and a  b are perpendicular each other.

[Mar-08,May-11]
7. Let a and b be non- zero, non collinear vectors if a  b  a  b , then find the angle between
a and b . [Mar-94]
8. a  2 i  j  k , b  i  3 j  5k . Find the vector c such that a , b and c form the sides of a triangle.
45. Find the angle between the planes 2 x  3 y  6 z  5 and 6 x  2 y  9 z  4 .
9. Find the angle between the planes r.  2 i  j  2k   3 and r .  3i  6 j  k   4 . [Mar-20,15,May-15]
1
10. Let e1 and e2 be unit vectors making angle  . If e1  e2  sin  , then find  .
2
11. Let a  i  j  k and b  2 i  3 j  k .Find
(i) The projection vector b on a and its magnitude

(ii) The vector components of b in the direction of a and perpendicular to a . [May-13, 06]
12. If a  i  j  k and b  2 i  3 j  k , then find the projection vector of b on a and its magnitude.
[Mar-91]
14. Let a , b , c be non- zero mutually orthogonal vectors. If xa  yb  zc  0 , then show that x  y  z  0 .

15. If p  2 , q  3 and  p , q   ,then find p  q .
2
6
16. If a  2 i  j  k and b  i  3 j  5k ,then find a  b . [Mar-13]
17. If a  2 i  3 j  k and b  i  4 j  2k , then find  a  b    a  b  [Mar-18]
2p
18. If 4 i  j  pk is parallel to the vector i  2 j  3k , find p. [Mar-11]
3
19. Find the unit vector perpendicular to both i  j  k and 2 i  j  3k . [Jun-02]
20. Find unit vector perpendicular to the plane determined by the vectors
a  4 i  3 j  k and b  2 i  6 j  3k . [May-09]
21. If a  2 i  3 j  5k , b   i  4 j  2k then find a  b and unit vector perpendicular to both a and b .
22. If a  2 i  3 j  5k , b   i  4 j  2k , then find  a  b    a  b  and unit vector perpendicular to both

a  b and a  b .
23. Let a  2 i  j  k and b  3i  4 j  k . If  is the angle between a and b , then find sin  .
24. If  is the angle between the vectors i  j and j  k then find sin  . [Jun-19]

25. Find the area of the parallelogram for which the vectors a  2i  3 j and b  3i  k are adjacent sides.
[Mar-08, May-12,08,07]
26. Find the area of the parallelogram having a  2 j  k and b   i  k as adjacent sides. [Mar-98]
27. Find the area of the parallelogram whose diagonals are 3i  j  2k and i  3 j  4k . [May-17]
28. Find the area of the triangle having 3i  4 j and 5i  7 j as two of its sides.
29. If a  i  2 j  3k and b  3i  5 j  k are two sides of a triangle , then find its area.
30. Find the vector area and the area of the parallelogram having a  i  2 j  k and b  2 i  j  2k as
adjacent sides.
2 2 2
31. For any vector a , show that a  i  a  j  a  k  2 a .
2
32. If a  b  c  0 , then prove that a  b  b  c  c  a . [Mar-03]

33. Compute  i  j j  k k  i 
34. If a  i  2 j  3k , b  2 i  j  k , c  i  3 j  2k , then compute a .  b  c 
35. Find the volume of the parallelopiped having coterminus edges i  j  k , i  j and i  2 j  k .
36. Find the volume of the parallelopiped whose coterminous edges are represented by the vectors
2i  3 j  k , i  j  2k and 2i  j  k . [Mar-11]
37. Determine  , for which the volume of the parallelopiped having coterminues edges i  j , 3i  j and
3 j   k is 16 cubic units. [ Jun-05]
38. Find the volume of the tetrahedron having the edges i  j  k , i  j and i  2 j  k .
[Mar-03, May-09]
39. For noncoplanar vectors, a , b and c , determine p for which the vector a  b  c , a  pb  2c and
 a  b  c are coplanar. [Jul-01]
40. If the vectors a  2 i  j  k , b  i  2 j  3k and c  3i  pj  5k are coplanar, then find p.
41. Find t for which vectors 2 i  3 j  k , i  2 j  3k and j  tk are coplanar.
42. Let a , b and c be non – coplanar vectors and   a  2b  3c ,   2a  b  2c ,and   3a  7c then

find    
43. Let a , b and c be non – coplanar vectors. If  a  2b 2b  c 5c  a     a b c  , then find  .
44. Prove that for any three vectors a , b , c b  c c  a a  b  = 2  a b c  [Apr-99,2000]
46. If a  1, 1, 6 , b  1, 3, 4 and c   2, 5,3 then find the value of
(i) a .b  c  (ii) a  b  c  (iii) a b  c

47. If a  13 b  5 and a .b  60 , then find a  b . [Mar-20]
48. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (3,-2,1) and perpendicular to the vector
(4,7,-4). [Mar-19]

6. TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS UP TO TRANSFORMATIONS
***1. If A, B, C are angles of a triangle, prove that

(i) cos 2 A  cos 2B  cos 2C  1  4cos Acos B cos C [Mar-94,May-16]
(ii) sin 2 A  sin 2B  sin 2C  4sin Asin B sin C [Mar-08]
**6. If A  B  C  1800 , prove that cos 2 A  cos 2 B  cos 2C  1  4sin A sin B sin C [Mar-13, Apr-01]
***2. If A,B,C are angles in a triangle, then prove that

A B C
(i) cos A  cos B  cos C  1  4sin sin sin [May-09]
2 2 2
A B C
(ii) cos A  cos B  cos C  1  4 cos cos sin [Mar-19, May-18,06]
2 2 2
A B C
(iii) sin A  sin B  sin C  4 cos cos cos [Mar-20]
2 2 2
***3. If A+B+C=180o , then prove that
A B C A B C
(i) sin 2  sin 2  sin 2  1  2 cos cos sin [Mar-06, May-15,12,11]
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C  A B C
(ii) cos 2  cos 2  cos 2  2 1  sin sin sin  [Mar-15,12,May-17]
2 2 2  2 2 2
A B C A B C
(iii) cos 2  cos 2  cos 2  2 cos cos sin [Jun-10]
2 2 2 2 2 2
***4. In  ABC , Prove that
A B C   A   B   C 
(i) sin  sin  sin  1  4sin   sin   sin   [Mar-14,11]
2 2 2  4   4   4 
A B C   A   B   C 
(ii) sin  sin  sin  1  4 cos   cos   sin  
2 2 2  4   4   4 
A B C   A  B   C 
(iii) cos  cos  cos  4 cos   cos   cos  
2 2 2  4   4   4 
[May-14,13,07, Mar-10,07,03]
A B C   A   B   C 
(iv) cos  cos  cos  4 cos   cos   cos   [May-13, Mar-05]
2 2 2  4   4   4 
***5. If A + B + C =2S, then prove that
 S  A SB C
(i) sin  S  A   sin  S  B   sin C  4 cos   cos   sin . [Mar-16]
 2   2  2

 S  A SB C
(ii) cos  S  A   cos  S  B   cos C  1  4 cos   cos   cos [Mar-17]
 2   2  2
A B C
(iii) cos(S A)  cos(S B)  cos(S C )  cosS  4 cos cos cos [Mar-18]
2 2 2

*7. If A+B+C  , then prove that cos 2A  cos 2B  cos 2C  1  4sin Asin Bsin C . [Jun-19]
2


***1. If A  B  , then prove that
4
(i) 1  tan A1  tan B   2. [Mar-16,07, May-09,11]
(ii)  cot A 1 cot B 1  2 .

3
***2. If A  B  , then show that 1  tan A1  tan B   2.
4
1 3
***3. Prove that (i)   4. [Mar-18,16,03, May-16,Jun-04]
sin10 cos10
(ii) 3 cos ec20  sec 20  4 . [Mar-17]

1 1 4
(iii)   .
cos 290 3 sin 250 3
sin16 A
***4. If A is not an integral multiple of  , prove that cos A.cos 2 A.cos 4 A.cos8 A  and hence
16sin A
2 4 8 16 1
deduce that cos .cos .cos .cos  . [Mar-12,09, May-12]
15 15 15 15 16
2 4 8 1
***5. Prove that (i) cos .cos .cos  [Mar-20]
7 7 7 8
 2 3 4 5 1
(ii) cos .cos .cos .cos .cos  . [Mar 15]
11 11 11 11 11 32
 2 3 4 5
***6. Prove that sin .sin .sin .sin  . [Mar-13, 06]
5 5 5 5 16
   3   7   9  1
***7. Prove that 1  cos  1  cos  1  cos  1  cos  . [Mar-19,15, May-15]
 10   10   10   10  16
 24 4
**8. If 0  A  B  and sin  A  B   and cos  A  B   ,then find the value of tan 2 A. [Mar-15]
4 25 5
 3 5 7 3
**9. Prove that (i) sin 4  sin 4  sin 4  sin 4  . [May-13,Apr-2000]
8 8 8 8 2
 3 5 7 3
(ii) cos 4  cos 4  cos 4  cos 4  . [May-18]
8 8 8 8 2
**10. For A  R , Prove that

    1
(i) sin A sin   A  sin   A   sin 3 A. and hence deduce that
3  3  4
3
sin 20 sin 40 sin 60 sin 80  [May-16,Oct-97]
16
    1
(ii) cos A cos   A  cos   A   cos 3 A. and hence deduce that
3  3  4
 2 3 4 1
cos cos cos cos  . [Jun-03,Mar-93]
9 9 9 9 16

**11. If 3A is not an odd multiple of , prove that tan A. tan  60  A  .tan  60  A  =tan3A and hence
2
find the value of tan 6 tan 42 tan 66 tan 78 .

**12. If sec      sec      2sec and cos   1,then show that cos    2 cos . [Apr-99]
2
**13. Prove that

 tan   sec   1  1  sin  . [Mar-14]
 tan   sec   1 cos 

**14. If A is not an integral multiple of , prove that
2
(i) tanA+cotA=2cosec2A (ii) cotA-tanA=2cot2A
**15. If none of the denominators is zero, prove that
 n  A B 
 cos A  cos B   sin A  sin B  2.cot 
n n
 , if n is even
      2  [Mar-16]
 sin A  sin B   cos A  cos B  
 0 , if n is odd
**16. Let ABC be a triangle such that cot A  cot B  cot C  3 . Then prove that ABC is an equilateral
triangle.

**17. If A, B, C are the angles of a triangle and if none of them is equal to , then prove that
2
(i) tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A.tan B.tan C
(ii) cot A cot B  cot B cot C  cot C cot A  1
 2 3 7
*18. Prove that cot .cot .cot ...cot  1. [May-17]
16 16 16 16
5 1
*19. Prove that sin18  . [Jun-10]
4
1  sin   cos   = 1  cos  .

2
*20. Prove that

1  sin   cos   1  cos 
2
    3
*21. Prove that sin 2   sin 2      sin 2      .
 3  3 2
4 2 x y x y
*22. If cos x  cos y  and cos x  cos y  ,find the value of 14tan  5cot .
5 7 2 2

1 1
*23. If sin x  sin y  and cos x  cos y  then show that
4 3
 x y 3 cot  x  y  
7
(i) tan   . (ii) .
 2  4 24
        1
*24. For any   R prove that cos 2      cos 2      cos 2      .
 4  12   12  2
3
*25. Prove that cos 2 76  cos 2 16  cos 76 cos16  .
4
3 5 16
*26. In a ABC , A is obtuse. If sin A  . and sin B  , then show that sin C  .
5 13 65
*27. If cos  0 , tan   sin   m and tan   sin   n , then show that m 2  n 2 = 4 mn .
*28. Prove that tan 90  tan 270  cot 270  cot 90  4 .
cos3   cos 3 sin 3   sin 3
*29. Prove that   3. [Jun-19]
cos  sin 

1. Find the periods of the following functions
(i) f  x   cos  3x  5  7 [May-17] (ii) f  x   tan 5x
 4x  9 
(iii) f  x   sin x (iv) f  x   cos   [Mar-14,05, Jun-10]
 5 
(v) f  x   tan  x  4 x  9 x  ......  n 2 x  ( n any positive integer). [Mar-15]
x x
(vi) f  x   cos4 x (vii) f  x   2sin  3cos
4 3
2
2. (i) Find a sine function whose period is . [May-13]
3
(ii) Find a cosine function whose period is 7. [Mar-20,13]
3. Find a maximum and minimum (or) extreme (or) range values of the following functions:
(i) f  x   7cos x  24sin x  5. [Mar-15](ii) f  x   13cos x  3 3 sin x  4. [Mar-17]
(iii) f  x   sin 2x  cos 2x. (iv) f  x   3sin x  4cos x. [Mar-14]
   
(v) f  x   cos  x    2 2 sin  x    3 [Mar-09]
 3  3
(vi) cos 2 x  cos 2 x (vii) 3cos x  4sin x [May-18,16]

4. Evaluate
1 1 1 1
(i) sin 2 82  sin 2 22 . [Mar-19] (ii) sin 2 52  sin 2 22 .
2 2 2 2
 A  A 1 1
(iii) sin 2     sin 2    (iv) cos 2 112  sin 2 52 .
8 2 8 2 2 2

1 1
(v) cos 2 52  sin 2 22 . [Jun-02] (vi) cos 2 72  sin 2 54 .
2 2
5. (i) If cos   sin   2 cos  , prove that cos  sin   2 sin  . [Mar-09, May-15,11]
(ii) If 3sin   4cos  5 , then find the value of 4sin   3cos . [Mar-12]
(iii) If 3sin A  5cos A  5 , then show that 5sin A  3cos A  3.
(iv) If a cos  b sin   c , then show that a sin   b cos   a2  b2  c2 . [May-18]

1
6. (i) If sin   and  does not lie in the third quadrant, find the values of
3
(a) cos [Mar-13,19] (b) cot  [Mar-19]
(ii) If cos  t (0<t<1) and  does not lie in the first quadrant, find the values of
(a) sin  (b) tan 
4
(iii) If sin   and  is not in the first quadrant find the value of cos . [Mar-17]
5
   3   5   7   9 
7. Prove that cot   .cot   .cot   .cot   .cot    1. [Mar-05]
 20   20   20   20   20 
tan160  tan110 1 2
8. (i) If tan 20   ,then show that =
1  tan160 .tan110 2
tan 610  tan 700 1  p 2
(ii) If tan 20  p ,then prove that 
tan 560  tan 470 1  p 2
2
9. If sec   tan   , find the value of sin  and determine the quadrant in which  lies.
3
10. If sin   cos ec  2 , Find the value of sin n   cos ec n , n  Z [May-13]
 1 
11. Show that cos 4   2 cos 2  1    1  sin   .
4
 sec  
2
12. Eliminate  from the following

(a) x  a cos3  ; y  b sin 3 
(b) x  a  sec  tan   , y  b  sec  tan  
13. If
2sin 
 x , then find the value of
1  cos   sin   .
1  cos  sin   1  sin  
14. Prove that  tan   cot    sec 2   cos ec 2  sec 2  .cos ec 2 .
2
cos 9  sin 9
15. Prove that  cot 36 . [Mar-18,11, May-15]
cos 9  sin 9
16. Show that cos 42  cos 78  cos162  0 [May-11,07]
17. Find the value of cos1000 cos 400  sin1000 sin 400 [May-12,Mar-08]
18. Prove that (i) tan 70  tan 20  2 tan 50 .
(ii) tan 72  tan18  2 tan 54 .

19. Find the value of (i) tan 560  tan110  tan 560 tan110 .
(ii) tan 200  tan 400  3 tan 200 tan 400 . [Mar-20]
2 tan x
20. For what values of x in the first quadrant is positive?
1  tan 2 x
 1 sin   sin 2
21. If  is not an odd multiple of and cos   , prove that  tan  .
2 2 1  cos   cos 2
  
22. If 0    , show that 2  2  2  2 cos 4  2 cos   .
8 2
3 
23. If sin   , where     ,evaluate tan 2 . [Mar-15]
5 2
24. Prove that
5 1 3 5
(i) sin 78  cos132  . (ii) cos 48 cos12  . [Mar-17]
4 8
1
(iii) sin 50  sin 70  sin10  0 [Mar-18] (iv) cos12  cos84  cos132  cos156  .
2
25. Find the value of sin 34  cos 64  cos 4 . [May-14]
26. Prove that 4  cos 66  sin 84   3  15 .
3 1
27. Prove that cos 20 cos 40  sin 5 sin 25  .
4
1 1 
28. If sin   , sin   and  ,  are acute, show that     . [May-17]
10 5 4
29. Find the value of sin 330 .cos120  cos 210 .sin 300 .
sin  cos 
30. If  , then prove that a sin 2  b cos 2  b .
a b
2 1 1 1 1 1
31. If cos A  , find the value of    .
2 2 p1 p2 p3 r

32. (i) Draw the graph of y  tan x in between 0 and .
4
(ii) Draw the graph of y  cos 2 x in  0,  
(iii) Draw the graph of y  sin 2 x in  0,  
(iv) Draw the graph of y  sin x in   ,   . [May-14]
 4 6 9
33. Find the value of sin 2  sin 2  sin 2  sin 2 .
10 10 10 10
2 5 3
34. Evaluate sin 2  cos 2  tan 2 .
3 6 4

35. If  is not an integral multiple of , prove that tan   2tan 2  4tan 4  8cot 8  cot  . [Jul-01]
2

36. Express
 3 cos 250  sin 250  as a sine of an angle [Jun–19]
2
1  cos   sin  
37. Express in terms of tan . [Jun–19]
1  cos   sin  2

38. Prove that  sinθ+cosecθ  +  cosθ+secθ  - tan 2θ+cot 2θ  7
2 2

7. TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

***1. Solve the following equations and write general solutions:
(i) 2 cos 2   11sin   7 [May – 13] (ii) 7 sin 2   3cos 2   4
(iii) 2cos2   3 sin   1  0 [May-18, 09]
(iv) 4cos 2   3  2  
3  1 cos 
***2. Solve 1  sin 2   3sin  cos  . [Mar-17, 11]
***3. (i) Solve 3 sin   cos   2. [Mar-20,May-17,14]
(ii) Solve sin x  3 cos x  2. [Mar-18,10, 98]

(iii) Solve 2  sin x  cos x   3. [Mar-16,15, May-16,12]
(iv) Solve cot x  cos ecx  3.

***4. Solve tan   3cot   5sec [Mar-02, Oct-99]
***5. Solve tan   sec  3 , 0    2

***6. Solve cot 2 x   
3  1 cot x  3  0, 0  x 
2
[Mar-14, 12]
***7. Find all values of x  0 in   ,   satisfying the equation 81cos x cos x .........
 43
2
[Mar-09]
***8. If 1 , 2 are solutions of the equation a cos 2  b sin 2  c, tan 1  tan 2 and a  c  0, then find the
values of (i) tan 1  tan 2 (ii) tan 1.tan  2 [Mar-19,16,15,04,03, Jun-10, 03]
**9. If  ,  are the solutions of the equation a cos  b sin   c , where a, b, c  R and if a 2  b 2  0 ,
cos   cos  and sin   sin  then show that
2bc 2ac
(i) sin   sin   [Jun-19,May-14] (iii) cos   cos  
a  b2
2
a  b2
2
c2  a2 c 2  b2
(ii) sin  .sin   [Jun-19, May-14] (iv) cos  .cos  
a 2  b2 a 2  b2
1
**10. If 0     , solve cos  .cos 2 .cos 3  . [Nov-98]
4

  1
**11. If tan  cos   cot  sin   ,then prove that cos       [May-15]
 4 2 2
*12. Solve 4sin x sin 2x sin 4x  sin 3x . [Mar-13]

*13. If tan p  cot q and p  q show that the solutions are in A.P with common difference .
pq
2 3
*14. If x  y  and sin x  sin y  find x and y . [Apr-97]
3 2
*15. Solve sin 2x  cos 2x  sin x  cos x.
*16. Find general solution of  which satisfies both the equations. [Apr-99]
1 3
sin    and cos    .
2 2
8. INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

1 1 1 
***1. (i) Prove that Tan 1  Tan 1 +Tan 1  [Mar-18,11, May-11,06,Jun-10,03]
2 5 8 4
3 3 8 
(ii) Prove that Tan 1  Tan 1  Tan 1  [May-15]
4 5 19 4
1 1 2
(iii) Prove that Tan -1 +Tan -1 -Tan -1 =0 [Jun-19]
7 13 9
4 7 117
***2. (i) Prove that Sin 1  Sin 1  Sin 1 [Mar 16,13]
5 25 125
3 8 36
(ii) Prove that Sin 1  Sin 1  Cos 1 [Mar-19, May-12,09]
5 17 85
3 12 33
(iii) Prove that Sin -1 +Cos -1 =Cos -1
5 13 65
3 5 323
***3. (i) Prove that 2Sin 1  Cos 1  Cos 1 [Mar-14,08, May-16,14]
5 13 325
4 3 27
(ii) Prove that Cos 1  Sin 1  Tan 1 [May-13]
5 34 11
41 π
(iii) Prove that Cot -1 9+Cosec -1 =
4 4
4 1 
***4. (i) Prove that Sin 1  2 Tan 1  [Mar-20,15,10]
5 3 2
4 5 16 
(ii) Prove that Sin -1 +Sin -1 +Sin 1 
5 13 65 2
***5. (i) If Sin 1 x  Sin 1 y  Sin 1 z   , then prove that x 1  x 2  y 1  y 2  z 1  z 2  2 xyz.

[Mar-06,Jun-05]

(ii) If Cos1 p  Cos1 q  Cos1 r   , then prove that p 2  q 2  r 2  2 pqr  1. [Jun-04, Apr-
01]
***6. (i) If Tan 1 x  Tan 1 y  Tan 1 z   , then prove that x + y + z = xyz. [Mar-03]

(ii) If Tan 1 x  Tan 1 y  Tan 1 z  , then prove that xy + yz + zx = 1.
2
p q p 2 2 pq q2
**7. If Cos 1  Cos 1   , then prove that 2   cos   2  sin 2  [May-15]
a b a ab b
 4 2
**8. Find the value of tan Cos 1  Tan 1  [Mar-12]
 5 3
 1 a  1 a  2b
**9. Prove that tan   cos 1   tan   cos 1  
4 2 b 4 2 b a
 13   1 2 
**10. Show that cot Sin 1   sin  Tan  [Mar-17]
 17   3
 1  3
**11. (i) Prove that cos  2 Tan 1   sin  2 Tan 1 
 7  4
 1  1
(ii) Prove that cos  2 Tan 1   sin  4 Tan 1 
 7  3
**12. Solve the following equation for x
 2x  -1  1-x  2x π
2
(i) 3Sin -1  2 
-4Cos  2 
+2Tan -1 = [May-18, Mar-09]
 1+x 
2
 1+x  1-x 3
 x 1  1  x  1  
(ii) Tan 1    Tan  
 x2  x2 4
 2p  -1  1-q   2x  pq
2
*13. If Sin -1  2 
-Cos  2 
=Tan -1  2  then prove that x  .
 1+p   1+q   1-x  1  pq
x2  1
 
*14. Prove that cos Tan 1{sin Cot 1 x } 
x2  2
*15. Show that sec2  Tan -1 2  +cosec 2  Cot -1 2  =10
 1  
*16. Find the value of tan  2 tan 1    
 5 4 
 1  x2  1  x2 
*17. If   Tan 1   , then prove that x  sin 2 .
2
 1  x 2  1  x 2 
5 12 
*18. Solve arc sin  arc sin   x  0  .
x x 2
1 1
*19. Find the value of Cot 1  Cot 1 .
2 3
9. HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS :

3
1. If sinh x  , find cosh  2x  and sinh  2x  . [Mar-14,12, May-17,16,14,09]
4
5
2. If cosh x  find the values of (i) cosh  2x  and (ii) sinh  2x  [Mar-19,17,11,10 May-15,11,06]
2
3. Prove that
 cosh x  sinh x  = cosh  nx   sinh  nx  ,for any n  R .

n
(i) [Mar-20,15,07,06]
 cosh x  sinh x   cosh  nx   sinh  nx  , for any n  R .

n
(ii) [Mar-18, Oct-99]

4. If sinh x  3 , show that x  log e 3  10  [Mar-16, Jun-10]
5. If sinh x  5, show that x  log  5  e 26 
1 1
6. Show that tanh 1    log e 3 . [Mar-08,05,02, May-18,07,Jun-05]
2 2
7. For any x  R , prove that cosh 4 x  sinh 4 x  cosh  2 x  . [Mar-20]
x 
8. If cosh x  sec then prove that tanh 2  tan 2 . [Mar-13, May-13]
2 2
tanhx tanhx
9. Prove that + = - 2cosechx ,for x  0 [Jun-19]
sechx-1 sechx+1
cosh x sinh x
10. Prove that   sinh x  cosh x , for x  0 .
1  tanh x 1  coth x
11. For any x  R , prove that cosh 2 x  2 cosh 2 x  1
tanh x  tanh y
12. Prove that tanh  x  y  
1  tanh x tanh y
10. PROPERTIES OF TRIANGLES

In  ABC:
65 21
***1. (i) If a  13 , b  14 , c  15 , Show that R= , r  4 , r1  , r  12 and r3  14 .
8 2 2
[Mar-14,04, May-17,12,11,Jun-10]
(ii) If r1 =8, r2 =12, r3 =24, find a, b, c. [Mar-02, May-18,16,13]
(iii) If r1 =2, r2 = 3, r3 =6 and r= 1 then prove that a = 3, b = 4 and c = 5. [Mar-16,15,09]

r1 r2 r3 1 1
***2. Show that     . [Mar-14, 09, 07, Jul-01]
bc ca ab r 2 R
***3. (i) Prove that r  r1  r2  r3  4R cos C. [Mar-12, May-06]
(ii) Show that r  r3  r1  r2  4R cos B. [Mar-13]
(iii) Prove that r1  r2  r3  r  4R . [Mar-06, Jun-02]

***4. If p1 , p2 , p3 are the altitudes drawn from vertices A, B, C to the opposite sides of a triangle
respectively, then show that
 abc 
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 83
(i)    (ii)    (ii) p1  p2  p3   [Mar-18,10]
p1 p2 p3 r p1 p2 p3 r3 8R3 abc
ab  r1r2 bc  r2 r3 ca  r3 r1
***5. Show that   . [Mar-08, May-08]
r3 r1 r2
A B C r
***6. Show that cos 2  cos 2  cos 2  2  . [May-15, Mar-05]
2 2 2 2R
A B C 
***7. Show that a cos 2  b cos 2  c cos 2 = s  [May-15, Mar-03, Apr-2000]
2 2 2 R
1 1 1 1 a 2  b2  c 2
***8. Show that     . [Mar-19,17]
r 2 r12 r22 r32 2
*19. In a ABC prove that 4  r1r2  r2 r3  r3r1    a  b  c  .

2
[Jun-19]
rr1 4R  r1  r2
*14. Show that (i) a   r2  r3  (ii)   r1r2
r2 r3 r1  r2
**9. If r : R : r1 = 2 : 5 : 12, then prove that the triangle is right angled at A. [Mar-20, May-09,07]
**10. Prove that a3 cos  B  C   b3 cos C  A  c3 cos  A  B   3abc. [Mar-08, Sep-2000]
**11. If a  b  c  8R , then prove that the triangle is right angled.

2 2 2 2
[Jul-01]
3
*12. If cos A  cos B  cos C  , then show that the triangle is equilateral.
2
A B C
 cot  cot
cot  a  b  c
2
*13. Prove that 2 2 2  .

cot A  cot B  cot C a 2  b 2  c 2
a b c
*15. In ∆ABC, Prove that = = =2R where R is the circumradius.
sin A sin B sin C
*16. Prove that r12  r22  r32  r 2  16 R 2   a 2  b 2  c 2  .
*17. The angle of elevation of the top point P of the vertical tower PQ of height h from a point A is 45 and
from a point B is 60 , where B is a point at a distance 30 meters from the point A measured along the
line AB which makes an angle 30 with AQ. Find the height of the tower.

*18. Two trees A and B are on the same side of a river. From a point C in the river the distance of the trees
A and B are 250m and 300m respectively. If the angle C is 45 , find the distance between the trees
(use 2  1.414 ).

a 2 bc A
***1. (i) If sin   , then show that cos   cos . [May-18, 14, Mar-12]
bc bc 2
2 bc A
(ii) If a   b  c  cos , prove that sin   cos . [May-11]
bc 2
2 bc A
(iii) If a   b  c  sec , ,prove that tan   sin . [Mar-16,11]
bc 2
a 2  b2  c2
***2. Prove that cot A +cot B + cot C = . [Mar-18,15,10,May-12]
4
abc
***3. Show that a 2 cot A  b 2 cot B  c 2 cot C  [Mar-14]
R
cos A cos B cos C a 2  b 2  c 2
***4. Show that    [May-17,Jun-10]
a b c 2abc
C B
***5. Show that b cos 2  c cos 2  s [Mar-20,12,10, Jun-03]
2 2
A B C s2
***6. Prove that cot +cot +cot = . [Mar-09, May-16,Jun-19]
2 2 2 Δ
A B C bc  ca  ab  s 2
***7. Prove that tan  tan  tan  . [Nov-98, May-97]
2 2 2 
1 1 1 cot A  cot B  cot C
***8. If p1 , p2 , p3 are the altitudes of the  ABC then, show that  2 2  .
2
p1 p2 p3 
[Mar-13]
***9. If a: b: c = 7: 8: 9, find cosA : cosB : cosC. [May-13]
A B C
***10. If cot : cot : cot  3 : 5 : 7 , show that a: b : c = 6: 5 : 4 [Jun-03]
2 2 2
1 1 3
***11. In  ABC , if   , show that C  60 . [Mar-19,17]
ac bc abc
a b b a
***12. If C  60 , then show that (i)   1 (ii)  2 2 0
bc ca c a c b
2 2
a cos A b cos B c cos C

**13. Prove that      .
bc a ca b ab c
r
**14. Show that cos A  cos B  cos C  1 
R

 B C  bc A
**15. Show that in  ABC, tan  = cot . [Mar-08]
 2  bc 2
A A
**16. Show that  b  c  cos 2   b  c  sin 2  a 2 .
2 2
[May-08]
2 2
r1  r2  r3 
**17. Prove that a
r1r2  r2 r3  r3r1
A B C
**18. (i) If cot , cot , cot are in A .P, then prove that a, b ,c are in A.P.
2 2 2
A B C
(ii) If sin 2 ,sin 2 ,sin 2 are in H. P, then show that a, b, c are in H.P.
2 2 2
*19. Show that b 2 sin 2C  c 2 sin 2 B  2bc sin A.
 A B C
*20. Show that  a  b  c   tan  tan   2c cot .
 2 2 2

Maths 1a - 2023 (QB)

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AVINASH COLLEGE OF COMMERCE “ASPIRE .ACHIEVE .

VSAQ SAQ LAQ TOTAL

10. Properties of Triangles - 1 1 11

Jr IPE Maths 1A 1 Question Bank

***1. Let f : A  B , g : B  C be bijections. Then prove that gof : A  C is a bijection.

***2. Let f : A  B , g : B  C be bijections. Then prove that  gof   f 1og 1 .

**7. (a) If f : Q  Q is defined by f  x   5x  4 , x  Q then show that f is a bijection and find f 1 .

(vii) 2 f  4 g [May-18] (viii) f [May-18]

Composition of function is associative. [Oct-99, Sep-95]

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Jr IPE Maths 1A 2 Question Bank

(ii) f :  0,    R defined by f  x   loge x

f :[0, )  [0, ) defined by f  x   x

(ii) f : (0, )  R defined by f  x   log 2 x .

(iii) a, b  R, f : R  R defined by f  x   ax  b  a  0 . [Mar-18,13]

Jr IPE Maths 1A 3 Question Bank

12. If f : R  R and g : R  R are defined by f  x   2 x 2  3 and g  x   3x  2 ,then find

(i)  fog  x  (ii)  gof  x  (iii)  fof  0 (iv) go  fof  3 .

13. If f : R  R , g : R  R are defined by f  x  = 3x 1 , g  x   x2  1 then find

(i) fof  x 2  1 (ii) fog  2 (iii) gof  2a  3 . [May-17,13, Mar-13]

14. If f : R  R, g : R  R defined by f  x   3x  2, g  x   x2  1 , then find

22. Find the domains of the following functions.

f  x   log  x 2  4 x  3 [Mar-16,10,08, May-11,07] (ii)

Jr IPE Maths 1A 4 Question Bank

23. Find the domains of the following functions.

(i) 2 f (ii) 2  f (iii) f 2 (iv) f [Mar-12,08,May-08]

(i) f  x   a x  a  x  sin x (ii) 

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Jr IPE Maths 1A 5 Question Bank

***2. Show that 1  1  2   1  2  3   ...... up to n terms 

14. Prove that 1  2 

***7. Show that 49  16n  1 is divisible by 64.

*13. If x, y are natural numbers and x  y , show that x  y is divisible by x – y.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Jr IPE Maths 1A 6 Question Bank

***10. Solve the following system of equations by using Cramer’s rule.

Jr IPE Maths 1A 7 Question Bank

(ii) 3x  4 y  5 z  18, 2 x  y  8 z  13,5 x  2 y  7 z  20 [Mar-19,13,12,08,04,03,May-15,09,06]

Jr IPE Maths 1A 8 Question Bank

Let A and B be invertible matrices. Then prove that  AB  = B 1 A1 .

Jr IPE Maths 1A 9 Question Bank

9. Define a trace of a matrix and Find the trace of A if:

Jr IPE Maths 1A 10 Question Bank

17. Define a transpose of a matrix. Give an example. [May-07]

22. Define a skew – symmetric matrix. Give an example. [May-17,Jun-05]

Jr IPE Maths 1A 11 Question Bank

31. Find the determinants of the following matrices.

34. Define a singular and non- singular matrices. Give an examples.

40. Define trivial solution.

Jr IPE Maths 1A 12 Question Bank

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

(i) a  4b  3c ,3a  2b  5c , 3a  8b  5c , 3a  2b  c . [Mar-18,May-18,16, 14, 12]

(ii) 6a  2b  c , 2a  b  3c ,  a  2b  4c ,  12a  b  3c . [Mar-15]

***4. If the points whose position vectors 3i  2 j  k , 2i  3 j  4k ,  i  j  2k and 4 i  5 j   k are

(i) OA  OB  OC  OH [Apr-2000] (ii) HA  HB  HC  2HO

*13. Let a , b be non collinear vectors. If    x  4 y  a +  2 x  y  1 b and

Jr IPE Maths 1A 13 Question Bank

   y  2 x  2 a +  2 x  3 y  1 b are such that 3  2 , then find x and y . [Jul-01]

*14. Verify whether the triangle formed by the vectors 3i  5 j  2k , 2 i  3 j  5k , 5i  2 j  3k is

1. Find unit vector in the direction of vector a  2 i  3 j  k . [Mar-14,May-17]

4. Le t a  i  2 j  3k and b  3i  j . Find the unit vector in the direction of a  b .

then find the vector OD . [Mar-19,13]

Jr IPE Maths 1A 14 Question Bank